Palmer L.R. The Greek Language
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Verbs, a 92 ff.;
Athematic conjugation of contracted verbs, 59;
aspect, 292 f.;
augment, 49, 294;
personal endings, 295 ff.;
2. sing. act. -s/-eis/-si, 295 ff.;
1. plur. act..-mes/ -men, 60, 297;
3' plur. act. , 297 f.;
dual act. -ton/-tan, 298;
middle: 3. sing./plur. -toi/-ntoi, 49, 298 f.
aorist, 299 ff.;
athematic and thematic root stems, 300 f.;
reduplicated, 301;
s- aorist, 301 f.;
3. plur. act. -san, 62;
in -3w verbs, 50, 60;
3. plur. act. , 62;
intransitive/passive, 5, 302;
perfect, 50, 303 ff.;
endings, 303;
reduplication, 304 f.;
stem formation, 305 f.;
k-perfect, 5, 306;
pluperfect, 306 f.
Moods, 307 ff.;
Imperative, 307 f.;
subjunctive, 308 f.;
optative, 309 f.;
future, 49, 60, 73, 310 ff.;
' Doric' future, 312;
future passive, 312,
with active endings, 60
Verbal Nouns and Adjectives
present participle active in -nt-, 312 f.;
perfect participle in *-wos-/-us, 313 f.;
in -on/-ontos, 60, 84;
middle participle in -meno-, 314 (-eimenos, 60)
adjective in *-tó-, 314;
gerundive in *-tójo-/-téo-, 42, 314
infinitives in *-en-, *-sen-, *.men-, *-wen-, 315;
-enai and -en in perfect, 115
morphophonemes, 215 ff., 220
Mycenaean civilization, end of, 57
epics, 97 f.
grammar, 40 ff.
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Mycenaean civilization (cont.)
koine, 174
(' normal' and ' special') 53
poetical language, 84
refugees, 78
N
*-ºn-, 262
Nagy, G., 98
nasal stems, 262, 273
Naxus, 81
Nestorian material in Homer, 92
nominalization, 144
Nonnus, 177
North Achaean, 101
'North Greek', 71
North Mycenaean, 74, 99 ff.
North-west Greek, 60, 73
North-west koine, 190
Norden, E., 168, 194
-ns, 288
*-nt- *, 312 f.
nucleus (syllabic), 242
numerals, 289 ff.
O
o-stems, 268 f.
off-glide, 225
*oi-, 289
Old Assyrian texts, 10, 18
Old Attic, 136
Old Oligarch, 160 ff., 163, 175 -on-/-os-, 278
onset, 242
' open' syllables, 242 f.
optative, 293, 309
oral poetry, 88 f.
ordinal numbers, 282, 291
, 274
Osthoff's Law, 215, 237, 269, 277, 297, 301, 309
OuranosKronos-Zeus, 15
P
Page, D. L., 109, 122
Palaic, 8, 10
palatalized consonants, 31
plosives, 43, 211
Pamphylian, 63 f., 178
Pamphyloi, see Dorian tribes
parallelism, 151, 156
parisosis, 156, 166
Pamassos, 12
folk, 10, 12, 20
paromoeosis, 156
participial expressions, 159 f.
participle, perfect, 313
present middle, 314; in -nt-, 312 f.
particles, 283 ff.
passive, 293, 302
patronymic adjective, 60
peak (syllabic), 242
Peisistratus, 93
Pelasgiotis, 70
Pendlebury, J. D. S., 53
perfect, 261, 293, 303 ff.
aspirated, 306
in -k-, 306
resultative, 306
stem, 305 f.
Periander, 131
Pericles, 151
period, 168, 169
periodic style, 157
person, 292
personal endings, 292
active, 295 ff.
middle, 298 ff.
perfect, 303
personal names, 34 ff.
personal pronouns, 287 ff.
' persuasion', see
Philip II of Macedon, 176
phonemes, 203
phonemic structure, 212
Phonology, 212-45. See also ablaut, assibilation, assimilation, dissimilation, koine, laryngeals, shwa
Consonants, 228 ff.
plosives, aspirated, 5, 228, 230 ff.;
final, 228 (see also Grassmann's Law)
labio-velars, 6, 40, 59, 60, 232 ff.;
*s>h, 236, 301, 304;
in clusters (*sm, *sn, *sl, *sr, *ms, *ns, *sj, *sw, *ksm), 235 ff.
Sonants, 213 ff.; nasals and
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Page 330
Phonology (cont.)
Consonants (cont.)
liquids, 5 f., 61, 68 f., 216 f.; as consonants, 223 ff.; lt, lth > nt, nth, 120
*j (*tj, *thj, *pj, *phi, *kj, *khj, *qwj *, *gwhj*, *dj, *gj, gwj* *lj, *rj) 42, 223-6. See also assibilation
*w (*wl, *wr, *dw, *dhw, *kw, *ghw, *tw; *-wj-, *-Vwl-, *-Vwr), 44, 226 ff. See also 'sibilant'
Vowels and Diphthongs, 213 ff.
Attic system, 178;
*a>h in Attic-Ionic, 62 f., 214.
See also aphaeresis, crasis, elision, prothetic vowels, quantitative metathesis
Syntagmatic phenomena, 239 ff, See anaptyxis, glides, sandhi. synizesis
Prosodies, 242 ff. See accent, arrest, coda, contonation, mora, onset, release, syllable (heavy, light)
Pindar, 123 ff.
Pitkhana, 18
place-names in -wa, 67
plain style, 168
Platea, 82
Plato, 168, 209
plosive stems, 272
plosivcs, lost in final position, 228
pluperfect, 306 f.
poetical colouring of prose, 159
Polycratcs, 117
possessive adjectives, 289
post-classical Greek, 174 ff.
post-Homeric epic, 135
positions, 45, 272
potential, 293
potential particles, 59, 66, 67 f.
in poetical language, 124
prefix, 246
pre-Greek loan-words, 25
place-names, 9
population, 4, 9
present, 293
stems, 261 ff.
primary, 290
endings, 295 f.
Prodicus, 153
pronouns, 285 ff
reflexive, 288
relative, 287
pronunciation, 201 ff.
propriety, 169
prop-vowel, 219 f.
prose, 142 ff.
rhythm, 157, 168, 169
prosodies, 242 ff.
prospective, 293
Protagoras, 153 ff., 166
prothetic vowels, 7, 16, 219, 221 ff., 223
Proto-Aeolic, 72 f., 89, 100 f.
Proto-Baits, 7
Proto-Greek, 3, 4 ff.
invasion(s), 16 ff., 79 f.
Proto-Slavs, 7
Proto-West Greek, 73 f.
proximal deixis, 286
pseudo-thematic -a-, 301, 310
psilosis, 179, 205
Pylos tablets, 28
Q
quantitative metathesis, 276, 281, 294, 309
quantity, 242
eliminated, 177
Quintilian, 172
R
reduced vowel, 233, 240
reduplication, 262, 304
relative chronology, 235
release, 242
'Reoccupation' (at Knossos), 53
repetition, 161
resonant, 219
resultative perfect, 303
rhapsodes, 93
Rhegium, 81
rhotacism, 210
Risch, E., 79, 120
*-rj-, 265
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roots, 246
nouns, 247, 260
stems), 262
Runt-, 14
S
s-stems, 273 f.
sandhi, 208, 241
Sappho, 113 ff.
' abnormal' dialect, 114
Homeric elements, 115
hyper-Aeolic forms, 115
Satam languages, 6
Satyrs, 131
* s-bhil* s-bhei, 289
scazon, 113
Schliemann, H., 4, 21
scribal hands, 53
secondary, 292
endings, 295
selection, 6, 73, 237
Selinus, 81
Semitisms, 196
Semonides, 112, 127 ff.
*-sen-, 315
*sewe/swe/se, 288 f.
Shaft Graves, 22, 24
shortening in hiatus, 63, 239
Shipp, G. P., 91 f.
shwa, 217 ff.
sibilant, 210
(cerebral or palatal), 59
Siever's Law, 280
Smyrna, 87
Solomoa, 198
Solon, 111 ff., 175
sonants, 213, 215 ff.
as consonants, 223 ff.
Sophists, 150 f., 152 ff.
Sophocles, 132, 163, 166
Ionicisma in, 139
use of abstract nouns, 137
South Achaean, 101
' South-Greek', 71
South Mycenaean, 100 f.
standard languages, 174 f.
stem, 246
formation, 247 ff.
Stesichorus, 122
stress accent, 177
strong cases, 267, 270
substantives, 247, 293, 308 f.
from substantives, 248 ff.
from verbs, 251 ff.
subatantivized adjectives, 159
substantivized neuter adjective, 144
suffix, 246
suppletion, 285
suppletive, 281
Sybaris, 81
syllabic augment, 294
syllabification, 242