Odekon M. Encyclopedia of paleoclimatology and ancient environments
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Radiolaria 869
Adolfo Molina-Cruz (deceased) and Kjell R. Bjørklund
Red Beds 871
Nathan D. Sheldon
Roches Moutonnées 873
Matthew R. Bennett
Sapropels 875
Kay-Christian Emeis
Scandinavian Ice Sheet 877
Jan Mangerud
Sea Level Change, Last 250 Million Years 879
Kenneth G. Miller
Sea Level Change, Post-Glacial 887
Vivien Gornitz
Sea Level Change, Quaternary 893
John M. Chappell
Sea Level Indicators 899
Michael S. Kearney
Sedimentary Indicators of Climate Change 902
Joseph P. Smoot
Snowball Earth Hypothesis 907
Grant M. Young
SPECMAP 911
Franck C. Bassinot
Speleothems 916
Yemane Asmerom
Stable Isotope Analysis 918
Germán Mora
Strontium Isotopes 923
Ján Veizer
Sulfur Isotopes 926
Harald Strauss and Ján Veizer
Sun-Climate Connections 929
Peter F. Almasi and Gerard Bond (deceased)
Tephrochronology 937
Andrew J. Dugmore and Anthony Newton
The 8,200-Year BP Event 938
Allegra N. LeGrande
Thermohaline Circulation 943
Andrew J. Weaver and Oleg A. Saenko
Tills and Tillites 948
Douglas I. Benn
Time–Series Analysis of Paleoclimate Data 949
David J. Thomson
Transfer Functions 959
Stephen Juggins
Triassic-Jurassic Climates 962
Gregory J. Retallack
Uranium-Series Dating 969
Yemane Asmerom
Varved Sediments 973
Matti Saarnisto and Antti E. K. Ojala
Volcanic Eruptions and Climate Change 976
Richard B. Stothers
Weathering and Climate 981
Louis A. Derry
Wisconsinan (Weichselian, Würm) Glaciation 986
John T. Andrews
Younger Dryas 993
Dorothy M. Peteet
Author Index 997
Subject Index 999
Appendix 1049
x CONTENTS
Contributors
Mark B. Abbott
Department of Geology and Planetary Sciences
University of Pittsburgh
4107 O'Hara Street
Pittsburgh PA 15260–3332
USA
mabbott1@pitt.edu
Peter F. Almasi
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (LDEO)
102 Core Lab
61 Route 9W
Palisades NY 10964
USA
palmasi@ldeo.columbia.edu
Keith Alverson
Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS)
IOC/UNESCO
1 rue Miollis
75732 Paris Cedex 15
France
k.alverson@unesco.org
Lesleigh Anderson
U.S. Geological Survey
Denver Federal Center
Box 25046
Denver CO 80225
USA
land@usgs.gov
Carin Andersson
Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
Allégaten 55
5007 Bergen
Norway
carin.andersson@bjerknes.uib.no
John T. Andrews
Institute for Arctic and Alpine Research
University of Colorado
Boulder CO 80309–0450
USA
John.T.Andrews@colorado.edu
Allen W. Archer
Department of Geology
Kansas State University
108 Thompson Hall
Manhattan KS 66506–3201
USA
aarcher@ksu.edu
David Archer
Department of the Geophysical Sciences
University of Chicago
5734 South Ellis Avenue
HGS 419
Chicago IL 60637
USA
d-archer@uchicago.edu
Emmanuelle Arnaud
Department of Land Resource Science
University of Guelph
Guelph ON N1G 2W1
Canada
earnaud@uoguelph.ca
Gail M. Ashley
Department of Geological Sciences
Rutgers University
610 Taylor Road
Piscataway NJ 08854
USA
gmashley@rci.rutgers.edu
Yemane Asmerom
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences
University of New Mexico
200 Yale Blvd. NE
Albuquerque NM 87131
USA
asmerom@unm.edu
Chris Avis
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences
University of Victoria
Petch Building 168, 3800 Finnerty Road (Ring Road)
Victoria BC V8W 3P6
Canada
caavis@uvic.ca
Victor R. Baker
Department of Hydrology and Water Resources
University of Arizona
1133 James E. Rogers Way
Tucson AZ 85721–0011
USA
baker@hwr.arizona.edu
Paul Baker
Division of Earth and Ocean Sciences
Duke University
Box 90227
Durham NC 27705–0227
USA
pbaker@duke.edu
Philip A. Barker
Lancaster Environment Centre
Lancaster University
Bailrigg
Lancaster LA1 4YQ
UK
p.barker@lancaster.ac.uk
Franck Bassinot
LSCE
CNRS/CEA/UVSQ
Domaine du CNRS (bat. 12)
91198 Gif-sur-Yvette
France
Franck.Bassinot@lsce.ipsl.fr
Jürg Beer
Surface Waters
Eawag
PO Box 611
8600 Dübendorf
Switzerland
beer@eawag.ch
Hugo Beltrami
Environmental Sciences Research Centre
St. Francis Xavier University
1 West Street
Antigonish NS B2G 2W5
Canada
hugo@stfx.ca
Douglas I. Benn
School of Geography and Geosciences
University of St. Andrews, Fife
Scotland KY16 9AL
UK
doug@st-andrews.ac.uk
Matthew R. Bennett
School of Conservation Sciences
Bournemouth University
Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow
Poole BH12 5BB
UK
mbennett@bournemouth.ac.uk
André Berger
Université Catholique de Louvain
Institut d'Astronomie et de Geophysique G. Lemaitre
2 Chemin du Cyclotron
1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
Belgium
berger@astr.ucl.ac.be
Glenn W. Berger
Division of Earth and Ecosystem Sciences
Desert Research Institute
2215 Raggio Parkway
Reno NV 89512
USA
glenn.berger@dri.edu
Wolfgang H. Berger
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, CA 92093–0244
USA
wberger@ucsd.edu
Torsten Bickert
MARUM (Centre for Marine Environmental Sciences)
University of Bremen
Leobener Str. 2
28359 Bremen
Germany
bickert@uni-bremen.de
Kjell R. Bjørklund
Natural History Museum (Geology)
University of Oslo
P.O. Box 1172 Blindern
0318 Oslo
Norway
k.r.bjorklund@nhm.uio.no
Gerard Bond (deceased)
Dan Bosence
Department of Geology
Royal Holloway University of London
Egham Surrey TW20 0EX
UK
d.bosence@gl.rhul.ac.uk
xii CONTRIBUTORS
Arthur J. Boucot
Department of Zoology
Oregon State University
Corvallis OR 97331–2914
USA
boucota@science.oregonstate.edu
David Q. Bowen
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences
Cardiff University
Cardiff Wales CF10 3YE
UK
bowendq@cardiff.ac.uk
Brendan Buckley
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
61 Route 9W - PO Box 1000
Palisades NY 10964–8000
USA
bmb@ldeo.columbia.edu
Douglas W. Burbank
Department of Geological Sciences
University of California, Santa Barbara
Webb Hall 1031
Santa Barbara CA 93106–9630
USA
burbank@crustal.ucsb.edu
David C. Catling
Department of Atmospheric Sciences
University of Washington
Box 351640
Seattle WA 98195–1640
USA
davidc@atmos.washington.edu
C. Blaine Cecil
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Drive Mail Stop 956
Reston VA 20192–0002
USA
bcecil@usgs.gov
Mark A. Chandler
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Columbia University
2880 Broadway
New York NY 10025
USA
mchandler@giss.nasa.gov
John M. Chappell
Research School of Earth Sciences
The Australian National University
Canberra ACT 200
Australia
john.chappell@anu.edu.au
Kyungsik Choi
Faculty of Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences
Chonnam National University
300 Yongbong-dong, Buk-gu
Gwangju 500–757
Korea
tidalchoi@hotmail.com
Phillip R. Christensen
Mars Space Flight Facility, School of Earth and Space
Exploration
Arizona State University
Box 876305
Tempe AZ 85287–6305
USA
phil.christensen@asu.edu
John Clague
Department of Earth Sciences
Simon Fraser University
8888 University Dr.
Burnaby BC V5A 1S6
Canada
jclague@sfu.ca
Jonathan Clarke
Geoscience Australia
P.O. Box 378
Canberra ACT 2601
Australia
jon.clarke@ga.gov.au
Patrick M. Colgan
Department of Geology
Grand Valley State University
Padnos Hall of Science
Allendale MI 49401
USA
colganp@gvsu.edu
G. Russell Coope
Department of Geography
Royal Holloway
University of London
Egham Surrey TW20 0EX
UK
coope@foss5.freeserve.co.uk
Thomas M. Cronin
U.S. Geological Survey
12201 Sunrise Valley Dr., Mail Stop 926A
Reston VA 20192–0002
USA
tcronin@usgs.gov
Xavier Crosta
UMR-CNRS 5805 EPOC
Université Bordeaux 1
Avenue des Facultés
33405 Talence Cedex
France
x.crosta@epoc.u-bordeaux1.fr
CONTRIBUTORS xiii
Thomas J. Crowley
Grant Institute, School of Geosciences
University of Edinburgh
King's Buildings
Edinburgh N/A EH9 3JW
UK
thomas.crowley@ed.ac.uk
Heidi M. Cullen
Climate Expert
The Weather Channel
300 Interstate North Parkway
Atlanta GA 30339
USA
hcullen@weather.com
Robert W. Dalrymple
Department of Geological Sciences and Geological Engineering
Queen's University
Kingston ON K7L 3N6
Canada
dalrymple@geol.queensu.ca
Anne de Vernal
Département des Sciences de la Terre et de l'Atmosphère
Université du Québec à Montreal
Québec QC H3C 3P8
Canada
devernal.anne@uqam.ca
Robert M. DeConto
Department of Geosciences
University of Massachusetts
Morrill Science Center
Amherst MA 1002
USA
deconto@geo.umass.edu
Gilles Delaygue
CEREGE
Aix-Marseille Université
Europôle de l'Arbois BP80
13545 Aix-en-Provence
France
delaygue@cerege.fr
Louis A. Derry
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences
Cornell University
4142 Snee Hall
Ithaca NY 14853
USA
lad9@cornell.edu
Gerard R. Dickens
Department of Earth Sciences
Rice University
6100 Main Street
Houston TX 77005
USA
jerry@rice.edu
David Dilcher
Florida Museum of Natural History
University of Florida
254 Dickinson Hall
Museum Road & Newell Drive
Gainesville FL 32611
USA
dilcher@flmnh.ufl.edu
Konstantin G. Dlussky
AXYS Environmental Consulting Ltd.
4208–97 St., Suite 203
Edmonton AB T6E 5Z9
Canada
kdlusskiy@axys.net
Jeffrey P. Donnelly
Geology and Geophysics Department
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
MS 22
Woods Hole MA 02543
USA
jdonnelly@whoi.edu
Ronald I. Dorn
School of Geographical Sciences
Arizona State University
Tempe AZ 85287
USA
ronald.dorn@asu.edu
Julian A. Dowdeswell
Scott Polar Research Institute
Cambridge University
Lensfield Road
Cambridge CB2 1ER
UK
jd16@cam.ac.uk
Harry J. Dowsett
Eastern Earth Surface Processes
U.S. Geological Survey
926A National Center
Reston VA 22192
USA
hdowsett@usgs.gov
Steven G. Driese
Department of Geology
Baylor University
One Bear Place # 97354
Waco TX 76798
USA
steven_driese@baylor.edu
Mary L. Droser
Department of Earth Sciences
University of California
900 University Avenue
Riverside CA 92521
USA
mary.droser@ucr.edu
xiv CONTRIBUTORS
Andrew J. Dugmore
Institute of Geography, School of Geosciences
University of Edinburgh
Drummond Street
Edinburgh Scotland EH8 9XP
UK
andrew.dugmore@ed.ac.uk
Arthur S. Dyke
Geological Society of Canada
601 Booth Street
Ottawa ON K1A OE8
Canada
adyke@nrcan.gc.ca
Kay Christian Emeis
Institut für Biogeochemie und Meereschemie
Universität Hamburg
Bundesstr. 55
20146 Hamburg
Germany
emeis@geowiss.uni-hamburg.de
Dirk Enters
Environnements Dynamiques et Territoires de Montagne
(EDYTEM)
Université de Savoie
Technolac
77376 Le Bourget du Lac
France
dirk.enters@univ-savoie.fr
Rhodes W. Fairbridge (deceased)
James Farquhar
ESSIC and Dept. of Geology
University of Maryland
College Park MD 20742
USA
jfarquha@geol.umd.edu
Bruce Fegley, Jr.
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences
Washington University
Campus Box 1169
St. Louis MO 63130
USA
bfegley@wustl.edu
Gabriel Filippelli
Earth Sciences
Indiana University – Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
723 W. Michigan St.
Indianapolis IN 46202–5132
USA
gfilippe@iupui.edu
Clayton Forswall
aci consulting
1001 Mopac Circle, Suite 100
Austin TX 78746
USA
cforswall@aci-group.net
Sarah Fowell
Department of Geology and Geophysics
University of Alaska
Box 755780
Fairbanks AK 99775–5780
USA
ffsjf@uaf.edu
Roger Francois
Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences
University of British Columbia
6339 Stores Road
Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4
Canada
rfrancois@eos.ubc.ca
Michael K. Gagan
Research School of Earth Sciences
The Australian National University
Bldg 61, Mills Road
Canberra, ACT 0200
Australia
michael.gagan@anu.edu.au
Robert R. Gaines
Geology Department
Pomona College
185 East 6th Street
Claremont CA 91711
USA
Robert.Gaines@pomona.edu
John I. Garver
Department of Geology
Union College
807 Union Ave
Schenectady NY 12308–2311
USA
garverj@union.edu
Françoise Gasse
CEREGE
Université d'Aix-Marseille III
BP 80
13545 Aix-en-Provence
France
gasse@cerege.fr
Steven L. Goodbred, Jr.
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Vanderbilt University
VU Station B 351805
Nashville TN 37235
USA
steven.goodbred@vanderbilt.edu
Ian D. Goodwin
Climate Risk CoRE
Department of Physical Geography
Building E7A
Macquarie University NSW 2109
Australia
igoodwin@els.mq.edu.au
CONTRIBUTORS xv
Vivien Gornitz
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Columbia University
2880 Broadway
New York NY 10025
USA
vgornitz@giss.nasa.gov
Andrew Goudie
St Cross College
Oxford University
St Giles
Oxford OX1 3LZ
UK
andrew.goudie@stx.ox.ac.uk
Darren Gröcke
Department of Earth Sciences
Durham University
Durham DH1 3LE
UK
d.r.grocke@durham.ac.uk
Anil K. Gupta
Department of Geology & Geophysics
Indian Institute of Technology
IIT Campus
Kharagpur – 721302 W.B.
India
anilg@gg.iitkgp.ernet.in
Chris M. Hall
Department of Geological Sciences
University of Michigan
1100 North University Av.
Ann Arbor MI 48109–1005
USA
cmhall@umich.edu
David A. T. Harper
Natural History Museum (Geological Museum)
University of Copenhagen
Øster Voldgade 5–7
1350 Copenhagen
Denmark
DHarper@snm.ku.dk
William W. Hay
Department of Geological Sciences
University of Colorado at Boulder
2200 Colorado Ave.
Boulder CO 80309–0399
USA
whay@gmx.de
James D. Hays
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
61 Route 9W – PO Box 1000
Palisades NY 10964–8000
USA
jimhays@ldeo.columbia.edu
Alan M. Haywood
British Antarctic Survey
Geological Sciences Division, High Cross
Madingley Road
Cambridge CB3 OET
UK
ahay@bas.ac.uk
Sidney Hemming
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
61 Route 9W - PO Box 1000
Palisades NY 10964–8000
USA
sidney@ldeo.columbia.edu
Marc S. Hendrix
Department of Geosciences
The University of Montana
32 Campus Drive
Missoula MT 59812
USA
marc.hendrix@umontana.edu
Matthew J. Higginson
LGC Forensics
F5 Culham Science Centre
Abingdon OX14 3ED
UK
matthew.higginson@lgcforensics.com
Wim Z. Hoek
Department of Physical Geography
University of Utrecht
Heidelberglaan 2
3584 CS Utrecht
The Netherlands
w.hoek@geog.uu.nl
Georg Hoffmann
Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement
l'Ormes des Merisiers, Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique
Saclay
91191 Gif sur Yvette Cedex
France
Georg.Hoffmann@cea.fr
Matthew Huber
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Science
Purdue University
550 Stadium Mall Dr.
West Lafayette IN 47907
USA
huberm@purdue.edu
Philippe Huybrechts
Departement Geografie
Vrije Universiteit Brussel
Pleinlaan 2
1050 Brussel
Belgium
phuybrec@vub.ac.be
xvi CONTRIBUTORS
Stan Jacobs
Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory
Columbia University
Route 9W
Palisades NY 10964
USA
sjacobs@ldeo.columbia.edu
Claudia C. Johnson
Department of Geological Sciences
Indiana University
1001 E. 10th St.
Bloomington IN 47405–1405
USA
claudia@indiana.edu
Stephen Juggins
School of Geography
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Room: 4.14b, Daysh Building
Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU
UK
stephen.juggins@ncl.ac.uk
Jed Kaplan
EPFL-ENAC-ECOS
Station 2
1015 Lausanne
Switzerland
jed.kaplan@epfl.ch
Wibjörn Karlén
Department of Social and Economic Geography
Uppsala University
Box 513
75 120 Uppsala
Sweden
wibjorn.karlen@kultgeog.uu.se
Erle G. Kauffman
Department of Geological Sciences
Indiana University
1001 E. 10th St.
Bloomington IN 47405–1403
USA
kauffman@indiana.edu
Alan J. Kaufman
Department of Geology
University of Maryland
GEOL #237
College Park MD 20742–4211
USA
kaufman@geol.umd.edu
Michael Kearney
Department of Geography
University of Maryland
College Park MD 20742
USA
mk11@umail.umd.edu
kearneym@glue.umd.edu
Margaret Kneller
John Cabot University
Via della Lungara 233
Rome 00165
Italy
mkneller@john.cabot.edu
Peter G. Knight
School of Physical and Geographical Sciences
Keele University
William Smith Building
Keele Staffordshire ST5 5BG
UK
p.g.knight@esci.keele.ac.uk
Karen E. Kohfeld
School of Earth and Environmental Sciences
Queens College
65–30 Kissena Blvd.
Flushing NY 11367
USA
karen@kohfeld.com
Yehoshua Kolodny
The Institute of Earth Sciences
Edmond Safra Campus, Givat Ram
The Hebrew University
91904 Jerusalem
Israel
kolodny@vms.huji.ac.il
Elizabeth A. Kowalski
Department of Geology and Geological Engineering
South Dakota School of Mines and Technology
501 E Saint Joseph Street
Rapid City, SD 57701
USA
ekowalsk@umich.edu
kowalski@flmnh.ufl.edu
Wout Krijgsman
Paleomagnetic Laboratory, Faculty of Earth Sciences
Utrecht University
Budapestlaan 17
3584 CD Utrecht
The Netherlands
krijgsma@geo.uu.nl
Christoph Kull
OcCC (Swiss advisory body on climate change)
Schwarztorstrasse 9
3007 Bern
Switzerland
christoph.kull@scnat.ch
Andrew A. Lacis
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Columbia University
2880 Broadway
New York NY 10025
USA
alacis@giss.nasa.gov
CONTRIBUTORS xvii
Kurt Lambeck
Research School of Earth Sciences
The Australian National University
Canberra ACT 0200
Australia
Kurt.Lambeck@anu.edu.au
C. G. Langereis
Paleomagnetic Laboratory ‘Fort Hoofddijk’
Utrecht University
Budapestlaan 4
3584 CD Utrecht
The Netherlands
langer@geo.uu.nl
Steven W. Leavitt
Laboratory of Tree Ring Research
University of Arizona
Tucson AZ 85721
USA
sleavitt@ltrr.arizona.edu
Allegra LeGrande
NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies
Columbia University
2880 Broadway
New York NY 10025
USA
allegra.n.legrande@nasa.gov
Abraham Lerman
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences
Northwestern University
1850 Campus Dr.
Evanston IL 60208
USA
alerman@northwesterrn.edu
Amy Leventer
Department of Geology
Colgate University
13 Oak Dr.
Hamilton NY 13346
USA
aleventer@mail.colgate.edu
Qianyu Li
School of Ocean and Earth Sciences
Tongji University
Siping Rd. 1239
Shanghai 200092
China
qli01@mail.tongji.edu.cn
qianyu.li@adelaide.edu.au
Kathy Licht
Department of Earth Sciences
Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis
723 West Michigan Street
Indianapolis IN 46202–5132
USA
klicht@iupui.edu
Paul K. Link
Department of Geosciences
Idaho State University
921 S. 8th Avenue, Stop 8072
Pocatello ID 83209
USA
linkpaul@isu.edu
David B. Loope
Department of Geosciences
University of Nebraska
214 Bessey Hall
Lincoln NE 68588
USA
dloope1@unl.edu
Marie-France Loutre
Institut d'Astronomie et de Geophysique G. Lemaitre
Université Catholique de Louvain
2 chemin du Cyclotron
1348 Louvain-la-Neuve
Belgium
marie-france.loutre@uclouvain.be
Stefano Lugli
Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra
Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia
Largo S. Eufemia 19
41100-Modena
Italy
lugli.stefano@unimore.it
Kirk A. Maasch
Climate Change Institute
University of Maine
5790 BGSC
Orono ME 04469–5790
USA
kirk.maasch@maine.edu
Jan Mangerud
Department of Geoscience and Bjerknes Centre for Climate
Research
University of Bergen
Allégt. 41
5007 Bergen
Norway
Jan.Mangerud@geo.uib.no
Michael E. Mann
Department of Meteorology
Pennsylvania State University
523 Walker Bldg.
University Park PA 16802
USA
mann@meteo.psu.edu
Thomas M. Marchitto, Jr.
INSTAAR and Department of Geological Sciences
University of Colorado
Campus Box 450
Boulder CO 80309
USA
tom.marchitto@colorado.edu
xviii CONTRIBUTORS
Shawn J. Marshall
Department of Geography
University of Calgary
2500 University Dr. N.W.
Calgary AB T2N 1N4
Canada
shawn.marshall@ucalgary.ca
I. Peter Martini
Department of Land Resource Science
University of Guelph
Guelph ON N1G 2W1
Canada
pmartini@uoguelph.ca
Mark Maslin
Department of Geography
University College London
Pearson Building
Gower Street
London WC1E 6BT
UK
mmaslin@geog.ucl.ac.uk
Katrin J. Meissner
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences
University of Victoria
P.O. Box 3055, Stn CSC
Victoria BC V8W 3P6
Canada
katrinm@ocean.seos.uvic.ca
John Menzies
Department of Earth Sciences and Geography
Brock University
500 Glenridge Avenue
St. Catherines ON L2S 3A1
Canada
jmenzies@brocku.ca
Philip Meyers
Geological Sciences
The University of Michigan
1100 North University Avenue
Ann Arbor MI 48109–1005
USA
pameyers@umich.edu
Gifford H. Miller
INSTAAR and Dept. of Geological Sciences
University of Colorado
Boulder CO 80309–0450
USA
gmiller@colorado.edu
Kenneth Miller
Department of Geological Sciences
Wright Geological Laboratory
Rutgers University
610 Taylor Road
Piscataway NJ 8854
USA
kgm@rci.rutgers.edu
Irene A. Mogensen
Sortemosevej 207
2730 Herlev
Denmark
iamb@mailme.dk
Danish Meteorological Institute
Lyngbyvej 100
2100 Copenhagen
Denmark
iam@dmi.dk
mas@dmi.dk
A. Molina-Cruz (deceased)
Álvaro Montenegro
School of Earth and Ocean Sciences
University of Victoria
Petch Building 168, 3800 Finnerty Road (Ring Road)
Victoria BC V8W 3P6
Canada
alvaro@ocean.seos.uvic.ca
German Mora
Department of Geological and Atmospheric Sciences
Iowa State University
12 Science I
Ames IA 50011
USA
gmora@iastate.edu
Vincent I. Morgan
Antarctic Cooperative Research Centre (CRC)
University of Tasmania
Private Bag 80
Hobart Tasmania 7001
Australia
vin.morgan@utas.edu.au
Tatiana Morozova
Laboratory of Evolutionary Geography
Russian Academy of Sciences
Staromonetny 29
119017 Moscow
Russia
paleo_igras@mail.ru
Volker Mosbrugger
Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum
Senckenberganlage 25
60325 Frankfurt
Germany
volker.mosbrugger@senckenberg.de
vmosbrugger@senckenberg.de
Daniel R. Muhs
U.S. Geological Survey
Denver Federal Center
MS 980, Box 25046
Denver CO 80225–0046
USA
dmuhs@usgs.gov
CONTRIBUTORS xix