
neptioA
BpetvleHi.l) cocronHun
3HepfoclicTei\,lu
H peuleHgfi
saAaq
n,Ia-
HHpOBaHprff
orrTHMaJrbHofo
nepexoAa
B Hefo
I{3
TeKylqefo
cocToflHHfl
sHeproci{creMbr.
floerolrv
g
npaKTH'I{e
yrtpaB,TeHtIfl
3HeprocncreMar{H
frpHMeHfleTCff
F
p
e
N,t e
H
H
a
fi
H
e
p a
p
xH
fi,
BK"ilrcqaroulaf
'T&KHe
ypoBlrlr:
nepcneKrrlBHoe
(Ha
10 u
6o"uee
,rer),
Ao,{rocpot{Hoe
H;IH re'
KVrrIee
(Ha
nteCst1,
KBap'TaJI,
fOA,
pfA
JIeT),
KpaTKocporiHoe
(Ha
CyTKH,
HeAeJrlo),
onepaTHBHoe
(ira
qa,c,
ubcxo.noxo
uacoe)
ltJIaHHpoBaHHe
n
oneparHBHoe
!ilpaB.,'r€HLiB
(aeAeHne peiiitiiviS B
xax<Ai,iili
lviorvieHT Bpe-
tvt ett
lt
)
C
yqeroM
rJraBeHcrsyroueir
poJrH oneparuBHoro
ynpaBJIeHHf
B
Opfaijlr3aUlltl
AefiTeJ'IbI{OCTH
3HeprOCHCTeivl,3af,aq}i
ilJIaHHpOBaFIHfl
npH-
o6peraror
oco6yrc
Bax<lrocrb. Onu
ilpeAHa3Har{eHbt
Afiq
o6ecneqeHHq
nocTynar€,r-rbHofo
pa3BHTHfl 3HepfeTHqeCKOi'i OTpaCJIH
XO3fll?CTBa,
CO-
fJ.rac-vloT
IIe,"rH
Lr
pecypcbr
3HepfocrrcTeM
Ha
pa3aHqHbIX
BpeMeHH6lx
irHTepBS;.rflx.
IlpH 3ToM ulripoxo
ricfio"rrb3)'ercfl
nptiurrnttl
B TeopHH
rI
npal{TllIie
COLiHs"i-IIICTHI{€cKOrO
nl'IaHHpOBaHHfl
}leTOA M
a T e
p
H a'l.I
b-
HbtX
6a",raHCOB,
B
KOTOpbIX
B nocneAHee
BpeMq
3Haq'HTeIbHOe
Mecro 3aHliM
aer
lailauc nnSopMau.fioHHbIX
iloroKoB.
TaKnrvr o6pa3oM,
co6crBeHHar
tl€.rb
nJraHHpoB
aHlrfl.
Qopuynnpyercr
KaK
docrutrcenue
1attauca
pecApcos
LL npodAKros
TexHo/toeuqectoeo
npoLlecca
npu Co-
1nndenuu
sadannux
norca7uTe/teil
KottecrBl,
npodgrcra.
llpn
3rol'{
TeXlroJroruqecxuili
ttpoUeCc
3Heproo6'beKToB
pa3nl{qHblx
ypOeuefi
op'
f
aHnsaqitoHHol't
nepapxnn cyqecrBeHrio
pa3rllqeu H rpe6yer
pa3/lnq-
Hbrx
ciloco6os
ero onHcaHHf
(rexHonorHqecKH.\
r'rolerreli).
PacnpeJe.,leHtie
QyHxUHir
ynpaB,'teHltti \{eXiAy
petuatoUIHMII 3JIe'
MeHratvtr
pa3Hbrx
opraHrr3auHoHrrbrx
ypoBHei"i Ha raxAoli
cryneHlt
BpelrelrHoii
HepapxHH
Qopltltpyercfl
MoAenblo
ynpaBneHHfl.
BsalrL{ocBr3b
orpacneBbrx
[oAcHcreM
.npoH3BoAcrBeHHofi
cucreMlt
o6eine,{lrBaercfl
Ha
ypoBHe
SopuxpoBaHHfl
Hx BHeUIHHX IIeJIefi,
e
pe-
3yirbrare
qefo
AocTHraercg
KoopAHHarIHf
co6cTBeHHbIx
ue.neft
KalI(-
AOI.O
3Jre\leHTa
IIpOH3BOACTBeHHOfi
CnCreVSt.
Oco6oe 3Har{eHi{e
qeJreBaff
KoopA}rHaL\Hfl,
npno6peraeT
B cHCTeMax,
rrpe,{.paCnoJroiKeHHbIX
K
4e@Hilary
pecypcoB,
B
KoTOpbIX
Bo3HHKaFoT
roucp.nFrKTbr,
rropo)r(AeHHbre
_pa3rHr{HeM
co6crBeHHbIK
(eJIet:t
cHCTeM.
Taxlre B3anMoorHoureHan
xapaKTepHbr
AJrfl
oHepr€THqecKoI:I
H BoAo-
xOgqt'tcreellHol'I
cHCTeM
B
yCnOBHfiX pacryu{ero
leQnqnra
BoAHbIX
pe-
cypcoB.
OcyonutrM
3,'reMeHTol{, o6reAnut{tou{IIM
B
eAHHbIfi
rexHolorn-
qeCKHfi
npoqecc
npeo6paeoBaHns MexaHnqecnoft
gHeprHH
BoAbi
B
3fiexTptrqecKvro
r{ Hao6opor,
flBfiqercq
f3y
pa3nr{r{Horo
Ha3HarIeHHff
H
Tatra. llosrolnty
HN{eHHo B
paMKaX
sroro
KJIacca
3HeprerHqecKnx
yqia'
HoBoK npuxoAHrcff
IlcKarb
pa3pelrieHne
nporttsoper{H}i
Me}KAy
_33C 1
BXC.
floeror*ry
npu
eudope
pexralta
pa6orbil, HanpHMep,
fOC
Heo6
xo,{,HMo
npoBoAHTr,
cooTBeTcTByIOluee
cofr'IacoBaHHe
c
OpfaHaMH
lnpaB"rreHin
BXC coorBercrByloil{ero
ypoeHx.
H
Hao6opor, npn
BbI-
6ope
pexrHMa
BoAonoAaqH
HacocHbrMH
craHut{rvH
Heo6xoAHMo
co-
r-nacoBar{}te
c cooTBercTByrorr{HM
opfaHoM
ynpaBneH}Iff SHepfOcHCTe-
MOr-"t,
I{aK
nocTaBtlllt,KoM
3,'IeKTpo3Frepr}1r{
H
BOAOnOJIb3OBaTeJIeNf
.
CnedoaarenbHo,
HaxocttdeHue
pasllulHoto rcoilnpohtucca,
noSlo/tt!'
nuleeo
.tLaKcut[AlrbHo
ydoettereopurb
narpe1nocru
gHepeeru.qecKoil
u
282
eodoxoenrtcraenuort
cucreu, BosfitoclcHo
lLulltb B
To,H
cJtAqae,
Koe)a
e
pacnopnctteHuLL
JtttL(a, npuHLt.Marculeeo
peLueHun.,
6yder tteo6xodu*toLli
o6'oen sruanuti
Kl.K
o
(tarcrtL'tecKort
cocrorrHLtL:
dett B
pacctLarpulae-
htbtx
cL{.cr€}tax, TaK
u o
SaKoHax
SgaLtrwodeftcrSufl
grLr.x
cLcT7tt'1,
o6'a-
e d un e
ttna-Lx
coor
I
er cr
B
A
n
L4e fi r
e
o
p
ue fi .
t
I IpeACTaBJIeHHe
O
TeOpeTHqeCKHX
oCHoBaX IIoCTpOeHHfi
CHCTCi\'I
yrrpaBJreHHff
yiKe
AaHo
paHee
(clr.
rJr. . llogrony
AaHrIafl
r"rtaBa
tto-
cBfiilIeFia
ofi[ICaHHIO
3Hepf
erHqecl{oH
Ll
CflOCO608
)rrlp&B"r10Hllf
I'IMH
C
n03HqHIi
H
CC
DA3BlITHfl.
Dn rn 1,n ?dirn*oarrtr^it ^rrnTA\t
uuAvn
uJ,nrru r D\-nfrvll
!trL r uiYrt
frpaKTrrKH cefoAHfluHefo
AHrI
r5.2.
AHCnETqEPCKO€
vnPABflEHHE
3nEHTpO3HEprETHI{ECKOtl
CHCTE}{OB
EAuHas
sHeprocucreMa
B
Hacrorrqee
BpeMfl
npeAcraerrrreT
co6ofi
Becb!ra
c.'ro;+rHrrir o6rexr vnpaB",rerrHs. CnoxHocru
ynpaBJreHlrfl
o6t'-
ciroB";reHa raKayH oco6elr
HocrrIr
H
3;'IeKTpolHeprerHKrr, Ka K HenpepbrB-
HOCTb
npOrr3BOACTBa 3,leKTpo3HepfrrH,
CTpOrOe
COOTBeTCTBHe
fettepa-
IIHH H,
rroTpe6;ieuux 3JreKTpo3HeplrrH
B
Ka)KAEIfi
MoMeHT
BpeilreHti,
MaculTa6br
reppHTopHH, ua Koropofi
pa3MeuleHbr
3HeprernqecKue o6r-
eKTbI
n,
r{To
oco6eHHo Bax(Ho,
cnox{Hocrb ocnoBHori saAaqu
yttpaB.re-
HLrfl-AocrrixeHHfl
3KorroMrrqecKoro
onrtrMyMa
Lilfl
E3C
B r{e.{oM c
yqeroM
rpe6onaHnil uaAe>riHocrri
3Heprocrra6xeHHq
rr
KaqecrBa
3JeK-
Tp03HeprHri.
I-lapar.re.irbHafl pa6ora
3HeprocHcreM rr
sHeproo6teAlrHeHHri oc,v-
ilIecrB,'Irercr
flo
cBr3fiN{
cloxiuor'r xoncpnrypaqrrn.
Ha,ru.rrre
c.qa6urx
caqseri \{ex(J,v
3Heproclrcre}raMrr
H cHrbHbrx caR3eir,
pa6oratourrx
c
orpaHHqeHHb,rH[I
3anacaMrr
i1H
iraM
]t
qec
Kor'i
rr cTaTH
q
ec
rco
l't
y
cro fi
q
H B ocrH,
o6yc"rroe,rHBaeT Heo6xo:lalrocrb
HgrtpepbrBi{ofo
Koltrponfl pex(HMoB
pa6oru
MelKcrrcreMHbrx,runlrir
sneKTponepeAaqh,
Ilarpy3Ka
Koropbrx
Moixer tsrre3arHo
H
6lrcrpo
Bo3pacrr;
cBoeBpeMeH-
HOrO BblfBr'IeHHfi
MOMeHTOB OTKJrfOqeHHf
lrtrHr.iir, COnpoBoHiAatotlIHXCH
orlacHblMH Ha6pocaraN
axrueHoir
MorqHocrH H neperpy3xorYt
ocraBiile-
rocr B
pa6ore
o6opyaoeaHHr,
BbrffB"teHHrr
MoMeHToB HapyueHnr
yc.
roitqHvocrlt
tI
xapaKTepa
Bo3r-iHKrrrero
npr.r
3ToM
IrapyuieHrrH cxeMbr.
B
coorBercrBHrl
c npnunroir repMrrnororuerl
.6ylerrl
Ha3braarb
HopManbHbJM
ToT pexiHM pa6oru,
nptr KoropoM
o6ecneqrrBaercr
BbrnoJrHenHe
rpe6oeaHHli
t, HaAelKHocrtr
H
KaqecrBy
gJreKTpo3rreprrrrr.
Pexnlt,
B
xoropufi
sHeproclrcreMa
Bbrrryx(AeHHo
nepelxJra rrs Hop-
MaJIbHoro H cyn{ecrBoBaH}ie
Koroporo
Aon}I(Ho
6url
orpaHlrqeHo,
no-
cKoi]bKy llapyuleHa
qacrb
KpHTeprreB HaAelKHocTH
HrH
HaqecTBa
3neK-
TpoSHeprHH
(orr.rroileHHe
qarroTbr
or
HoMHHaJrbHoro
3HaqeHHfi,
BbIxoA
Harpn;xeHHfl
3a
Aor-rycrHybre
rrpeAeJrbr, neperpy3Ka
o6op1'loBaFrHfl,
cHHX(eHr{e
ypoBHfr
HaAex(HocrH
H
Ap.),
Ha3brBaercfi
y
r
ff N( e
Jr
e
H.
H bI
lI
(l,xyAureHHuv).
3ror
pexiHM
o6ol,{lro co3,qaeT
noBbrurenrryrc
onacHocrb
aeapufiHux
uapyruerrHir,
B
pnAe
cflyqaeB
npeAuecrByer
aBapr{ irrrovy.
A e a
p
H l'r tl
u fi
peir{tdM,
rroAr'reixau1uir
6ucrpeliuleir
JrlrKBHAaurr!r,
MOX(eT
BO3HilKt{yTb
I
pe3yJtbTare
nepexoAa
or
yTflx{eJ'te}tHoro peiiilrMa
(nanp!tMep,
IlapyueHlre ycrofiqrrBocrrr
nprr nocreroBareJrbHoM
yBerH-
283