Обрезков В.И. Гидроэнергетика (2-ое изд)
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
:
flol(t)
:const
H
3aAaHuoM
Herpep_brBrrolr
rpa0uxe
Hnc(t)
.
Ha
pIIC.
9.I2,6
floKa3aH
o6qriii
BH!.
g^
(Mri.)
nnn
3".rer(TpocraFrr{tili
c
o6-
paTLI11bII{l{
{l.I2fOH8;'IbHbIMH
r}tApOMarrjHi{aMH,
r,i}IeiOUIrrMH
HeCI(OabKc
apy'roit
BHA,
qervr
Arq
oceBbrx
rHApoMaultrH.
Ecna
B
TorjKe
BKJrroqeHHfl
cJreAyioqero
arperaTa
norepu
A,rV*
ll,rlr
Qs6
ll3MeHflIorcfi
cxaqxoo6pa3uo,
To Ha
xapaKTeptrcruKe
orHocrrTeJrb-
rlofo
rrpHpocra
craHqHH
Heo6xoAtrtr
yr{eT
3Toro
o6crosre,rrbcrBa,
TaK
x{e
KaK H
Anq
f3C.
9.3. 3HEPTETHIIECHF{E
XAPAKTE?IICTHKI/I
f
3Y
C O.qHHAltOBhlM!,i
ArpEfATAtdH
floctaHoexa
o6qeir
3a.qaqH
ortTriM]i3aqHfi
BHyrprrcraHqnoHHbr;r
pexirnvroB
f3y
3,r,ecb rro;'rHocrbro
coB[aAaer
c onlrcansofi
B
$
g.2.
EflrHcreeHHbrlr,
Ho
cytqecrBeHHbtli
or;urqireM
6v,ler
oAHHaKoBocrb
sireprertrqecxrix
xapaKTepricrrrK
rrifpoarperaroB.
B Eror,r
cr).qae
pac_
nPeAenenlte
Harpy3I(H
HIyH pacxora
f3y ilreirir!'
BKJrroqeHnbrlrrr
ai-
pgraTaMH
.il.oJli{iHo
BcerAa
npoHCXOj(PITb paBHOMepHo.
3ror
TprrBt{arb-
Hufi
BbIBoA
creAY€T
H3 aHaJIH3a
Heo6xo.{nrvrbrx y'ciroeHfi
onrrrMa.ribiro-
CTH
PACNPCACJICH}ICM
TIA|PY3KH
HJTH
PAC.\OAA
H O.IHHAKOBOCTII
XAPAK.
TepHcTHKH
rlrlpoafpefaToB,
T.
€.
//:!J
:
Nr=clf.
(9.53)
cocrae
BK"rloqeHHoro
o6opyaoBaHHr
6es
yqeTa
cpartropa
HaAelr(-
HOCTH
He B,THfieT
Ha
gKOHOI,tr.tqHOCTb
pe){tHMa.
A"rs
raKIIx
f3C
Becb:!{a
yro6rro
npefcraBi'reHrre
rrx
srreprer6qec-
Knx
.\apaKTeplrcrtrK
B rpa$HvecKoM
BrrAe
Ailr
pz3,,1IrHHbrx
yc,ronlrii
pa6orsr:
rprr H
^,(l)
-
Hai(l)
:const,
f{r=,
(i)
:
H
u.at
(/i:const
TIT
T.
-^IaccMorpliM
oco6euuocru
sHepnerlrsecxnx
xapaKTepncrrrK
AJrt
I
JU
c
Hauoo.ryee
npocrofo
cnyqar,
4l:():
H^i$).
B xa,{ecrBe
np}r.
Mepa
paccil{orpHM
rvairo-arper-arHyro
f3c
(z:3).
Eyr."
crfirrarb
3a-
AaHHbrM
rpaQlrx l/rac(l),
rpu
sToM He
6yAelr yqrrrr,rBarb
orpaHlr-
I{eHHfl
no
qHc"ny
nycKoB-ocraHoBoK
afperaroB
}{
Ilorepsu
AQn.
Heo6xortHMocrb
nvcKa-ocraHoBKH
arperaTa,
Kaii rr
pun.a,
6yle_lr
oilpeAeJiflrb
tlo pa6oua,u
xapaKrepl{crgKaM
HJrLr
xapixrepflcrnKa}r
rroTepb.
xapai(repHcrrrK
AMa
(/V")
H
Q.
(i/")
coorBercrBeirHo
wa 2
H
B. Taxllivr
o6pasou,
rrc6ofi
"{ys,
[poBeAeHiirlli
H3
Haqana
KoopAHHar,
Aonxie]r
fiepeceKarb
xapaKTepHCTHKH
norepb
w
pacxoAHbre
z0:2
!r
z0-8.
B
ro'{rax,
opAll}tarbf
H
a6cquccu
Koropbrx
nponopqHpHaJrbHbr
]rex{Ay
co6oir:
AMrecl
I A/V;-s6.,:
ArVpr.r: ly'reci
:ffr:cz: /Vrac::
I
:
2
:3;
Qr;cr
:Qrac::
Qrec.r
:
y'y'rscr
:
ffrscr:
rVpu*
:
I
:2:3.
200
Pa6o.{aq
xapar(repir.icTHiia
oAnoro
rnApoarperara
npu
s_}
q
z:3
61'Ier
nepeMerrlarbcn
no
ropHgoHTaJrH,
r.
e.
fiptr
Tr3ci
:
*
l.scr:
?ir3ce
coorBercrByrotqr{e
H}r
N{oudHocrr{
6yeyr
orHocr{Tbcff
/y'recr
:A/rsCz
tffrecs
:
I
:
2
:3.
To
xe caMoe
6yaer
rpoHcxoArrrb
H
c
xapar(repHcrrrxr.rri
qlj.(tr).
orciorla
oqeBru.eH
BbrB{A;
npH
nocrofl}rHoM
Harrope
arperaroB
MaK-
cHrvla.;IbHoe
3Haqetttie
Kll{
npH
yBe.11Hr{eHHr{
,rurc,,rb
pa6brarorqnx
ar-
peraroB
lie
H3\.reHqercfi.3ro
o3Haqaer,
qro
r),{,
npoeeAeHFrtrfi
H3
HaqaJIa
KOopAHHaT
r{epe3
TOqKy
{a:MZKC,
AOIIX(eH KaCaTbCfl
xapaK_
TepHCTITK
AA'r;c(Mrec),^
z7_1,
2,
3. To'xie
caMoe
MoiKrro
cKa3aTb
H
npo
xapaKrepucrnKn
Qrsc(ffr:c)
Toqir"lt
BI{.,'rioqeHlrs
2-ro
il
B-ro
ri-r{paflpperaroB
oIpeAe.r.Ifliorcfl
KaK
flepeceqeHrie
xapaKrepucrr.rK
norepb
A.rrr
s_1,
z_2
yt
z_2,
z_g
coorBercrBeHrio.
Perueuueivt
3aAaqH
flBJrfiercff
To
qI{cJro
BKrroqeHHblx
I'IlApoarperaroB,
rioropoe
-{LH_
saAaHHor,.{
iVr:c
o6ecne,rusaer
rvfHHX_
vtyM
AAtr:c
r{
il{ar(cr{il(yM
IInf
fOC;
*u
_p*..
-g.13
o,
-/\r;.;:
O
;;
TorrKl
a z0:1,
ot a,il,o
b
za:2
H
earelr
zo'-
3.
Bc"ryercrnHe
roro
tITo
Affrsc(ffr'cc)
rir\{eer
B ror{Kax
BKJTroqe}r'.q
c/reAyrorqero
arperara
ir3JroM,
ro
g,_r.
(//r-ec)
B
orirx
x(e
ToqKax
H3_
lvlelltiloTctt
cxa'Ixoo6pa3ilo
(plrc.
9.13).
Caulr
)r(e
XapaKrepricrHKlr
I
4'rs
c
AQrsc
Hc.=csnSt
ANTOT'"
(Jrrl-f'
AQnc
Ilruc
0rec
-4
-T
,oJ'
'
HAKC
I
7r3c
N
g'rdr"
Pac.
9.13.
3Hepre;riqccK;rc
xapaKrepH-
crHKn
f3C
c
o.r,trHarioBblrr
!r
ru.lpoarpe-
naTaN{H
npii
onTH}{a..ibHor{
BKI[or]eHHH
[.,1fl
H":6gps[
Psc.
9.14.
3uepreru:iccilre
xaparireDr{-
crnKri
f3C
c
o;lHHrrioBbrI{r{
.*airo-
a rp
eraTa
!r{il
npH
HcOnTIl
}ra,'ibHO}r
BK.qto_
geHIit{
I."tfl
ffa:ColSt
a ^ r,l''ldKC
i\
\
\
\\.-)
201
I
grec(ffpc)
(z-1,
2, 3) nepeMell{alorcff,
KaK
I'I
pa6oqge, npli
yBe-
.rrHqeHlit.i
qHCJIa
Bl{rioqeHHbix
rHApoafpefaroB
IIo fopll3oHTa,{Li.
Orvreruu oAHy
Bax(Hyro oco6eHHocrb
paccMorpeHFIbIX
xapat{repnc-
THK:
rrpH
yBeJiHqeHr,rH
qHcra
BKflTOqeFIFIbIX
fllAp0afperaToB KalKAbIiI
nocneAyrcu1ufi BKJ'uoqaercfl
npn 6olnureu
KnA
3ro o6'ancnnercfl
3HaqHTeJrbHbrM
yMeHb[IeHHeM IOJIO|OCTII
padOUnX
H
paCXOAHbIX
Xa-
paKTepHCTHK,
a
raKlKe
xapaKTepHcrlIK
norepb
f3c.
orcioAa
cJleAyer,
rrTo
yfor
HaKJroHa
xapaKTepHCTHKtr
rroTepb
H./,1H
pacxoAHbrx
xapaKTe-
p,HCTHK
K
ocH
y'y'rec
ilpH
BK,'IioqeHLII:l
2-ro H
3-ro
rHApoarpefaroB
yMerrbiuaercr (Kng pacrer)
. Crer:,crBrieM sroro
fln.,'Irercr
yil,reHblrle-
HHe
tto
a6corrorHoi{y
sHaqeHHro cKaqKa
Ha xapaKTepHcrHI(e orHocH-
TeJrbHbrx
rrpHpocroe fOC npu
yBeJrHqeHHrr
qucJra
pa6orarcIr{Hx
rriApo-
arperaroB. Ec,rrr coeAHHHTb Melr(Ay co6ofi
Bce
BepxHHe
!I
HtijKHHe
TOTIHII
3ABIICHMOCTH
qrSC(ffrAC),
TO
IiO-'I\/qCFII-IbIC
IiPHBbIC AB
H CT,
AoJrx(Hbr
npH npaBHirbHoM
HK rrocrpoeHr{rr
c6;tit;i<arbcr iIo
vlepe
yBe-
nHr{eHHfl
Nrec.
PaccuorpeHHafl KaprnHa
6yeer
HMerb
Lrecro
rrpH onrnMaJbHohl
Iio
A//rec
HJIH
1.u"
BKJIToqeHHH rHApoarperaToB.
Ha
pnc.
L14
npeAcTaBJreH clyuair,-KorAa
onrHMaJrbHoe
BKJIroqeHHe
HeBo3Mox{Ho
H3-3a
orpaHnrreHarl tro
iVrrtar". Bx"rroqeuiae
2-ro t{
3-ro
raApoarperaroB
3,{,ecb
npor{cxoAuT He B
ToqKax
a
u
b,
KaK Ha
pHc.
9.13,
a
J'IeBee
LIX
rtpH
ly'rnarcc
H
2iV"rtaric.
CleAcrerteN,r
3roro
ffe,,,'tflrorcfi
cKaqKrr
AMgsc,
rir=c,Qr:c
lt
gf-j.
e
rou-
Kax
BK.{ioqeHr{r
2-ro
rr
3-ro
rLrApoarperaroB. Xapaxrepr{cTHI(a
oTHocrl-
Te,r-lbHbrx npHpocroe
f3C
B
3THX x(e roqKax
fi\,Ieer <<croJ[6oo6pasuoo>
tr3i\reHeHHe
groc,
pacqeT
KoTopofo npolr3BoAr{Tcfl
cofJIacHo cxe\re,
pac-
c.il'rorpenHoft
e
$
9.2 H
na
puc.
9.9. 3uaqeHr4fl
qrcc
B roqKax orr(r'roHe-
HHfi
rnApoarperaroB
c
yBeJlr{qeHfierr
z
6y;ryr
yueHbularbcrl
B
cBr3rI
c
WeHbueHI{eM
a6co.nrcrsoro
3HaqeHl-rfl cKaqKoB
Ha
Affrac(l/rec).
Ectectneuuo,
.ITO
tlocrpoeHHbre
3HepferHriecKHe
xapaKTepHcrHKrr
fOC
Ao.[x{Hbr
6urn
rio,/'IHocrbio
coritacoBaHbr
Apyr
c
ApyroM.
I-ipo-
Beprry
STofo
HeTpyAHo
BbrrroJrHHTb c
r{croJrb3oBaHneu oco6brx
pe?KHM-
HbIX
TOqEK.
iltero,q,
rr
a xo){iAe
n
r{fl To
qeK
BK"T
Ioq
eH Hfl af
p
enaro
B,
ilpeACT
a
B.r e n rt rtrl
Ha
pHc.
9.13, eQserrnnen
flHuJb
AItfl
il{aJroarpefarHbtx fAC. Ec.nu
paccMarpnBarorcrr
MHoroarperarHbie
fOC,
To
B oror{
cryqae
irytlure
HaxoAlrTb
Tor{KH
BK"irrcqeHHq arperaroB
Ha
ocHoBe cJreAyForrILIx coo6-
pa>xeunft.
B roqxe nepexoAa or
z
K
(z*1)-*y arperary
Nrec
ocra-
eTCfl rrelr:uenHofi,
H3MeHfleTcfl
JIHUJb
lIarpy3Ka
rialKAoro
arperara
B
OTACJIbHOCTLI,
T. C.
N
u"z
:
ff"{r+rl (.
*
1)
:
l/rEc,
N
^,
:
Nreclz; N
o(r+,)
:
ilrec
lQ *
l).
Be;rr.iqriurt l{^1,1 I{ l/21211y
HZ
ocHoBe
(9.54)
HaxoAflrcfl
B
c/reAyro-
u{e}r
coorHoujerrHH
Apyf
c
ApyfoM:
A/
-
ir
z
"a(z*r)
-j"az-
-11
(e.5s)
(9.5,r)
T.
e. npH
pocre
qLrcra
BKJrr.oqeHHbrx afpefaroB
Hafpy3Ka
HX
6yle,r
yMeHb[rarbcq
tio
cpaBHeHHro
c
uarpyexor?
arpefaroB
Ao
BKJTroqeHHs
cJleAylou{ero
arpefaTa.
Tax,
ilp1t
z:l
Nuz:0,5tV*1,
npt{ z-2
ly'r3:
-2l31Vu:,
IlpLr Z-3
.Vn+:3/4!,{us
H
T.
4.
I4cnolb3oBaFI[{e
CoorHoue-
Hllfi
(9.54)
no3BoJirer
rtaxoAllrb
Tor{KH BKJIroqeHr.rR
arpefaroB
c rro-
Nrorrlbro pa6oveft
xapaKrep'HCrHKrr
oAHoro afpefara
.
Ann
srofo
He-
o6xo,],ltuo ;llllub
flepecrporirb
!
a(z*l)
rrpr'r 7:
I
B
HoBbre
Kpr-{Bbre,
cBfl3btBarcuIHe
co6ofr
i/a(z*l)
c
I,/^,
c
yr.reroM (9,54)
.
To'{xLr
ilepece-
r{eHLIfl
HX
c
pa6ouefr
xapaKTepticruxorl
oAHOro arperara
r{
onpeAeJTrrror
co6oir
lt.tll
'Vr1"-;1i,
t{.rti
A/..
B Toqtia-\
nepexoAa
or
o-r,}tofo
qticJla
af-
perarcB
K
rp)'folri,
(prrc.
9.15).
To.{i{o
raK )I\e
ivroiriHo
nat?rtt
KoopArrHarbl
ToqeK
BI(JrroqeHlrff
arpe-
raToB r{
I]o
xapaKTeprrcTi{Ke
noTepb.
PacclrorpnM
Teflepl
o6qni:r
B]iA
ocHoBHbrx
3HeprernqecKtrx
xapaK-
T€pHCTIIK
fOC
c oAtiHaKoBbtMti
arperaralrr.i
Aafl
HecKoirbKnx
:uaqerixfi
H a nopoB:
HJ: Hilf
:
H
,1
H)';
Hi3t'
:
H,>
Hy
.
vlg
aHa.rrrr3a,
npoBeAerrHoro
B
rJr. 8,
cneAyer,
qro
nprl
yMeHbue-
HHH
HanOpOB
pa6ovrre
xapaKTepHCTtrKH
ar.pefaroB,
riaK
npaBrrJro,
cABHfalorcfl
flo
3Haqetnuo
na]taKc
B cropoFly
efo
yMeFIbLUeHnfi
B 30Hy
ilIeHbuitx
Hafpy3ot(.
C.,'Ie,(crBireivt
3Toro
flBrrflercq
ro,
r{To
6eg
y'ueri
orpaHH'IeHltir
pexiHMa
KoopAIIHarbr
roqeK
BK.ryrcqeHHfi
arperaroB
npH
yMellbueHltll
Hanopa
raK)Ke
nepeMerrlarorcfl
B
30Hy
il{eHbuIrrx
3Haqe.
ruuir.
,IIuHrru
BKJIioqeHlrfl
npri
3roNr
Ha
Qrec(Alrsi)
AoJrx*rbl
6nrn
rAe
202
203
&rt.
tI JL
q
--^
Afl.rc
48
rsc
AN,
AQ
u
nQKC
',4
nP
lrl
ng
I
Qsc,
Qri,:c
u
MUH
2
3+
No,
Psc.
9.15.
Pacqel
r(oopAHHar
roqeK
onTHM
a"lbH
or0
B KJIrcqeHHff-OTKr-ItOr{eH
Hs
afperaToB
|IO
pa6oqefi
xaparrepHcrHKe
Nuc
r
N
r.^.ic
HIUH
florepH
Nror.rrHocra
B
tsoAonpoBoArulxx
coopyxeHHffx
rgc
1roxrHo
yqerb
nyre.\.r
BHeceHHfl
nonpaBoK
B
eHepfernr{ecKae
xapaKTeprIcrHKH
np4
Hu:coflst.
!,.nx
sroro
caeAyer
BHaqane
norrlHTb
xapaKTepHcrrfKH
Bcex
norepb
Anfl
pa3Horo
qHcra
BKnro-
qeHHb{x
afperaroB
(nyrev
HX
cyvMlpoBaHnff
npn
,VfeC:const)
H
3are}r
no
H}tM
onpeAenHTb
ToriKH
BKnroqeHHfl
arpefaToB.
,{rr
yuera
H3ueHe*rrn
zs.a(Qrec)
nn$
Qx.c6p
-
o
"
ze.6:qonst(ffF3t
-
const)
Mc)IilIo
BocnoJlb3oBaTbcfi
cJle/lyroqHM
aflrop:4Tlfoj\t
Anfl
n*otasnofi
pycnoBoi{
I-3C,
rle
Hur
+
Hrgc
n ArV*a
---+
0.
flpu
2".6:
coflst
3HaqeHfie
f/a(//r3c)
Molxer
6uru uafiAeuo
Eprr
HcnoJrb3oBar{}r}r
pacxoAHbrx
xapaKreprcfl.rx
I'3C
gm
AAra*(ffred
-
flpu
Qp36:0
sna.tewu.e
H^:
HflS.
TorAa,
3a4aBaflcb
Qrec:
/,
Haxo4lru
po
ea.o(QH.o)
3HaqeHHe
za.a(A),
a
cneAoBarer'rbHo,
w Hr(A).
Ha pacxo4Hori
xapaxTe.
percTHKe
l3C
onpeaeJlfieu
ABa
3gaqennq
Hanopog,
il$riAy
KoroprJlrir
HaxoAL-Tcff
ttaU).
Toraac}'qeToi\1tpop.rrya.ryggefiHoittIttTepfIoJlFtlllt'iloXt|oHaijrirrVp"6(zo'o,l).
204
tlu*uu
oepattuqeHur:
4rsc
A-no
eeHepanoly;
@-no
ngpfue
Pnc.
9.18.
3xcn,ryarar{HoHHar
xaDaK-
TepHcrHKa
f3C
c
oAHHaKoBr{^vH
arDe-
TATAMII
Pr.rc.
9.I9.
3neprerHqecKne
xapaKrcprr-
crHKH
HacocHoro
pex(Hlra
fA3C
c
o,t,H-
HaKoBhrIlH
oceBbtyH
(a)
rr
AHaroHa.Tb-
HbrMrr (6)
arperaralrH
Paccivcrpee
Becb
Bo3Aroxsufi
Aqana3oH
Qr3c,
fiocrpourr{
ep3q(,Vrcc,
ee.6)..
Tosrn,
nepexoAa
ct z
K
(z
f
l)-ry
arperary
Ha psc.
9.
16
onpeAetfirorcrr
KaK
nepeceqeH*e
Qprs(i/rccze.o)
c .THHHEMH
nepexoAa
Ha
Q1-3q(i/p3c,
fi^).
flplr
Ha,riivr{rr
xoirocrsrx
c6pocoB
pacrrer
Qrec
(ffrg
c,
zs.6)
aHarorHqe'
pac-
cMorpeHHoHy
ai'lropttrlvly,
Ho
K
Qtgc cneAyer
ao6aeHrs
Q"..op Anq
pac{iera
zx.c.
Vqer
Q,-.ap
ttau6oaee
]nAo6elt
npll
rtanHqHH
rJanopHbrx
xapaKTepHcrHK
f3C
(cvr.
f,'r. ll).
Pac.roAxue
l{
Apyrue
.\apaKreprrcrHKH
foc
c
yqeTo,\r
B
Hrx
e.r.cop,
KzlK
npasHno,
He
cTpoflrcff.
PacxoAsue
-\apaKTepucrr{Ku
f3C,
rocrpoeHubre
AJrfl
,"tl[o
:
const
n
zf,uf.:
:coflst,
_o6uquo
HaHocsTcfl
Ha
sxcflnyarailnoHHbre
xapaKrepn"aa"n*n
l3C
n
cJlyxar
sepxneft
u ilnxHeri
rpauuuefi
npenerrbHbrx
pexrfMoB
pa60rar
f3c
no
Haflopy
H
MOut,
irocru
(puc.
9.18).
Fcirtt
pexlt'ltu
f3c
orpaHHqeHH
,,oKaKr{M-,TH6o
ycloeHrM
AJrfl
MaJrbrx
Ha.py3oK,
To
npH
yqere
ts lrenoM
Bcex
paccMorpellHblx
orpaHr'rqeHHfi
ua
aKcnnyaraquorilroli
xapaKrepKcrnxe.norlyqaercq
301{a
AonycrHMbrx
pexiu,vbe
pa60ru
f3c
(pric.
g.lg)-
'
SHeprerHqec*He
-xapaKrepHcrHKlr
Hc
H rAoc
c oAr{HaKoBhrMH
arperaraM*.
B ryp6HHHoM
pextyq
fAac
He
6yler
r.rM;;;'HrrKaKHx
oco6eHHocreir
no cpaBHeHr{ro
c_f3c,
KpoMe
rofo
qro
Hanop
H2.6n
HZ
fAOc
HecoBMerqeHHoro
rH''a
gyaer'sae'cerr
He
croJrbKo
or
ernoc,
cKorrbKo
or
ft6(t)
w
2t1.6(t).
3saqeHue
x<e
Qr.rec
olr."
"rn"oro
no
Ll{
roA
(Qr.rsc).BHA
3ireprerrrqecKrx
xapaKrepliti,tn
'-iast
B
rvD_
.NucrN
r^zc
,,llun
6)
l{tc,
Nrnc
6)
Ps_c.
9.17.
llocrpoeHHe
sKcrrryarauHog-
HoH
xapaKrepHCrHKH
fOC
c
oAHHaKo_
86IMH
arperaTatifH
Nr:c
Pnc.
916.
3HeprerHqecxue
xapaxrepHclr-
rcs
f3C
c oAHHaKoBbrlrE
arpeiararru
npu
fleperreHHoM
Hanope
ll
F.J
ti
.$i
:i
:1,
tl
"*t
9l
=l
.#i
ilr
I
{
x
,;i
,i
;l
Hol,
Hzlt
zo.d= i'lai<c
(
)it
:,;ii
5
trili
-o- z
ZUD
6nsgolr
pex{r.rMe
65r;ter
aHa.[orr{rreH
paccMorpeHHbIM
BbI[Ie
Arr
IIro-
rlrHHbrx
fAC.
Cnasaurioe orHocarcr
H r
ryp6nnHoMy
pelKHMy
n3C
nnn
fOC
-
|AOC. 3naqare"nbHbrMr{
oco6enHocrflMn
6yayr
o6naAatr
JIHtub
HC
HJrH
HacocHbre
peilir.IMbl fA3C.
Ans
o6parur'rr,rx
paAHaJibHo-oceBblX afperarcB,
pa6oraroqlix
Ha
6o.qr,urne soAoxpaHuJIHIqa,
Ho 6yle'r
ilpaKTHrIecKH
nocroqHeH.
Per"u"-
JrHpoBaHpre
rtoAaqr{
Mo}Ker
ocyqecrBJrflTbcf
JIHlnb
qHc,'IoM
pa6oraio-
u{HX
arperaroB.
SneprerHrlecKHe
xapaKTepHCTHKLI
B
3ToM cnyvae 6y-
Ayr
npeAcraBJIeFIbI
MHox{ecrBoM Tor{eK
(//H.,
Qnc)
npfi
z:var.
SrLi
rorrKlr
Jrex(ar
Ha
oAuorl
npnlrori,
coeAuusmu{eii
HX c
Harla.i'IoM
Koop-
AHHar.
Ecnu zro u
z'.0
H3MeHflIorcfl
Bo BpelteIIH
tt
iio
pacxogy
HC,
ro xapaKTepHCrHKa
HC
6yrer
npeACraB,TeHa
B BHAe orpe3KoB
Kpti-
Bbrx, coorBercTByroqlrx
z- var.
n -- ^^^^
A.'rfl
ooparrrl,tbrx
A[rafoHar.lbHblx
u oceBbrx
rr,lApor,tauIHH nocrpoe-
Hrre
xapaKreprcrnr< HC
HIrn HacocHoro
peiKlrva fA3C
AoJrx(Ho
npo-
HCXoAltTb aHaIOrHr{Ho
paCcMoTpeHHbINI BbIuJe
Cv'I}I{Afl}I
,{,.r'Ifl
f3C. Hs-
MeHlrrcfl Jrnrrrb
BHerrrHrrfi,
eHA 3THX xapaKTepHcrHK.
Ha
pHc.
9.19,a
npeAcraBrreHbr ocHoBHbIe
sHeprerHqecKHe
xapaK-
repHcrHKH HC c
rpeNlfl
oAHHaKoBbIMH
oceBbnvtn
HacocaMa
npII
pg_3'
Hblx
3HaqeHl{ffx
H
^:const:
oT
fI*ntxu
-
H
I
Ao
H
r*u*t:
77
r.
Ha
prrc.
9.19,6 npeAcraBJreHbr
anSSepeHr.{HaJrbHble
xapaKrepHcrrlKrI
HC
c Tpe!1f
oAHHaKoBbIluH
AHafoHaJIbHbrilrr{
Hacocauu.
!,ln
3TIIX
afpefa-
TOB
OCTa,'rbHbre XapaKTepHcrHKH
L,nfl
pa6oueir
3oHbI
npaKTHr{ecKH
aHaJofHqHbI
oceBblIl
afDefaTaM-
rIABA IO
HA
NOPHbIE
XAPAKTEPHCTIIKH
rHgpo3HEPrETHr{ECKtlx
yCTAHOBOK
H
METOgbl
HX
PACLIETA
r0.1.
o6Lt{}'tE
nono}HEHHtl
ilod uanopHbtlttt
xs.paKrepucruKailu
f3C
tloHuit.atuT salucuttocrb
Hanopo
Ha
i-n
eudpoaepeear€
Hui n/tLL
Hanopa
H&
'1rtorce
QAC)
Hrec
or
pacxoda
ao}ot I
HufltHea
6uele
Qn.o.
Arq
coMKHyrbIX Kac-
KaAOB Han0p 3aBHCr.rr
H Or
zs;6
noAfiHparorqeft
f3c.
HanopHne xapaK-
TepHCTHKH
CTpOflTCfl
npr.r
ycJIoBHH
3aAaHI{O|O
nOABeAeHHOTO
Han0pa
HJlH
ypoBHf
noAoxPaHHJII'Iula
AaHHol'I
f3C,
r-
E.
za,6:const'
Ocb6enHocrbro
rexHoJrorHrrecKoro
rpoqecca
f3C
flBJIflercfl
ro,
3TO|O,
CyUIeCTBeHHOe
3l.laqeHLIe
flpll
onpeAeneHlll.l
oIITI{rv'taJIbllbIX
pe-
i+iHMoB'fOC
Hryreer
yqer
xapaKTepa
3aBI.tct{Mocrn
IIanopoB
or
pacxo-
206
AoB
fOC
H
xo./'rocrnrx
c6pocon,
a
raKx{e
oT
ypoBHr
BepxHero
6ne$a,
roAnopa
H
MHoTHX
Apyrnx
Saxropon.
Oqeer.rAl-io,
He
rpe6yer
AoKa3are"rlbcrB
To
o6croqreJlbcrBo,
rrro
Harop
Ha fHApoafpefare
lr f3c.
6yaer B
sHaqHre,rlrsorl
Mepe
onpeAe-
flqrbcfl
peiKHMoM
ocHoBlloro
o6opyaoBaHHfl
f3C.
flpamHvecKH
sro
o3Haqaer,
rITo
saAaHHyrc
Harpy3Ky
lVrsc
MolKHo
rroKpbrTb
pa3flHq_
HbIMH
cnoco6altll
c roqKa
3peHufl
ilorepb
[oABeAeHuor?
urourHocrg
]r",,rH
.
pacxoAa.
Hara6olee
)Kellae*,tsui
pe;rlrM
c
rvr'HHrvryNroru
yKa3aHHbix
norepb
i\rox'o
o6ecneqltrr
't]/TeNl
rIoAAepxiaHi{r
MaKCH}raJrbHoro
Bo3Mo}riHoro
Hanopa
Hu
tlnn
IJrec
npH 3HalreRrrrrx
QFSA
H
IF5l,
o6ecneqHBarou{rix
3a;1arrHyro
Haf
py3r(y
ffrec.
vee,raqesile
Qr:c
rro
cpaBHeHliro
c orlTr.iNra.rlbHbr]1
FreH3-
,6,9ryo_1oBi'reqer
sa
co6ofi
cH'ixt.rine
Hu
run^
irn,;-il;;;
c
Hrrr\rH
rl
nrr/-{
I JL,
T.
e.
3TO
Bbr3oBer
fioBbrureHrre
noTi]pb
Ha
r3C.
Hanop
ffu
ocodeHHo
cBfl3aH
c
i$Senrr-rBHocrbro
BHyTpr{craHu}ioH-
HO|O
pei(HMa
AepHBauHoHHbrx f3C,
Hil{erctl{Hx
CJrOX(Hylo'c*.lry
ror_
BOAa
BOAhr
K
rrlApoafpefaraM.
Harruqlre
Haroprrbrx
xapaKrep'crHK
roc
[osBor-fleT
6oree
Kop-
peKTHO
Ha3Haqarb
BFrvrpHcrauqroHuufi
pex(r4r!{
o60pyAouaHHfl
rr pe_
x(HNrbr
3neKrpocraHr{sfr
B
ueJroM
B
3HepfOCHCTeMe.
fl6iaelHee
cBfl3aHo
c Bo3MolKHocrblo
rlorB;l0HHfl
cBfl3aHuoi-r
LrorqHocrH
f3C
fio
HaIIopy
nprr
11'14r!,
a
raliliie
orpaHriqessoli
rponycKHoir
cnoco6Hocrg
ar-
peraroB
f3c
rpr'i
Kall<Aol{
sHaqefiHrl
nu19p1.
fIpH
"unnun,,
Heycra-
FIOBHBLUCIOCfl
IB}iX(CH[Ifl BOIbI
B
SSCSAX
f3C
OfHO3HAqHOCTb
HAIOP.
I{bl'x.xapaKTepHCT}lK
reprercfl
r{
r{x
rpeAcraBJeHHe
B
rpaQuuecxolu
Rlrxe
FIe
Bcefr.a
paqr{oHar'rbrro.
B
:ron
c",'I}{3e
rreo6xoAl,"b
n,anoJ,rb30_
BAIiHC
HX
N{ATC}IATHqCCKOii
iUOACIU,
KOTOPAfi,
TAK
iXC
KAK
H
AJI.
YC'A-
HOBHBLLIEfOCff
PCiI{IIMA,
NPAKTHqCCKH
PC,'ACT
3AAAqY
ONTHMH3AI{HR
BHyTpHCTaHI{HOHHoro
pexillMa
f3C,
T.
e.
AJrfl
3aAaHHofo
3Har{eHtrrI
Qrsc
H"'rer
i/r:c
oflpeAerfer
raxol'r
pex(Hri{
^o60pyaoB.a'Hfl
rrp}i
zz.6:const,
r{oroporfi
o6ecner{irBaer
noKpbrr'e
a;.';;o;-firrc
npH
MHHHM
Z;TbHOM
3IIaL{eHriH
AAiar..
flon1'ueHuore
B
3roj\r
pacqe
Te
3Ha,reHnq
H^
vltr
Hp:c^H
6yrry,
BN{ec_
re
c
Q;3s
orpetrernrb
HarropHyro
xapaKrepn."r*y'
f5i:"o;?prrr,,ro*,0-
crrf
npegBrrAeHrtri
rofo,
KaK
6yler
n3r\Ierrrrrbcrr
H^
unu
ff.r.
B
3aBricri-
ryfi{ofo[I
3aBHCHr
r.1
assexrnnHocrb
bre
_xapaKTepHCTHKH
HecoBNleuleH-
3Aecr
ua
H-^
H
l-lrec
BJrHser
He
x{ H
M
br
;
a
H a n
o r H,r
H
br
e
oco
6
e
u
no"""
;o#J#'ar5att"
tff
,
;
ffii|t#t#*t,
l,l.
lloEroMy
A.rrq
[oAo6Hblx
ycra*oBoK
HeJrbsfl
rrpeAcraB'Tb
Ha[opHbre
xapaKrepHCrHKrI
B BI'iAe
-
H"{Q.:c)
unw
H^ar(erec),
u
rouo6*oAHMo
yt{llrblBaTb
II
rpeAbIAvu{Hir
pexnlr
pa6or
no
oOrsenof
'nonya*a
B
rrnxt-
nufi
6se$.
HnorAa
Fraroprrbre
xapaKrepHcrHKri
fA'ac
;;;y,
npeA_
CT.A BJI'{TbC
fl
M A
KC
II
Nt A
JI
b
[{
bI
M I
I
M
[I
I.I}I
M
A
JT b I I
bI
lVI
H A
I-I
O
P
A
M II.
'
AualoruqHbnv{r{
oco6euHocrgt!{H
o6laAaror
g
jranoprrbre
.\apatire,
PIICTIIKII
HACOCUOiI
CTAHqHIi
II IIACOCI{O[O
PEX{HUA
fA3C
207
'3.
i,l
tt
FJ
tr
I'
J
I.
t:
I
i;
l:
t:
{0.2.
FIAI"!OPHbIE.
XAPAHTEPHCTI{HH
r3C
V,{ursreaff
xapaiflep
KpHBbrx
zu:6(e*.u)_a
4Hroo(e,*.0)
H
npHHHMas
Zg.6:gsn5f,
HanopHyrc
xaplKrepHcraKy'faq
np6li.iuJ"*
u BHAe,
noKa3aHHotvr
Ha pHc.
i0.1.
Ec.rria
noTepH
AH"o|: (e".0)
AocraroqHo
BeJIIlKll,
To
Hx
cneAyer
yqecrh^
B
.FIanopHoii
xapaKTepHcraKe
nr,IorliH-
Hor? f3C,
TaK
x{e
KaK
u
L,zn.a(e".0).
^
_llnopFraff
xapar{rep'cr}iKa
fgc
3aBHCiir
or
NrHorHx
Qaxropoe;
HaIIpnMeP,
r,[Ir.
MHorHx_pex
CCCP,
saMep3aioqlix
sail{ofi,
B
xapaKTe-
pHcrHI(e
fI^(Q".o)
Heo6xoAHMo
ytIHTbIBarb
neAoBbre
ycnoBHq.
Vqer
3HIr{Hrrx
ycronai?,
TaK
)Ke
KaK
H
A,Hroo,
cHHx(aeT
H^
nb^
AauHoiu
ex.o
(pllc.
l0-l)
.
Enn
rolxHbrx
peK,
3apacraroulnx
rreroM,
yqeT
3roro
rB-
lerins
agarorHqeH
yr{eTy
neAoBbrx
ycaoenir.
3altErHo
BrIHsel
H?
H^(Q".u)
petxut"
cpa6orKa-HarroJrHeHHfi
Boao-
xpaHH':IHI]{a
f3C-
.IIr.o6as
cpa6orra
BeAer
x
y*e"oureHHro
pacnorrara-
eMofo
Haropa.
7]er?creur€.r1bHo,
BMecro_
(10.i)
vox<Ho
,un".rro
-
H.(Q,,.u)
:
Hrec(Q,,0)
:
Hiio---=h"e^a-Lrr.u(Q*
o).
cliil{ecrBeHFro
3aBr.rcHT
or
2s.6.
llo.nyveirHbre
3Har{eFrHr
iu"Ti5.
Moryr
cJ-IyxiHTb
opI{eFirHpoM
Ann
rjpoBepr(H
3HepfeTriqecKtix
noxasaTenert
AAIILIO|O
CTBODA.
EcnH
lla HarlopHble
xapaKTepacrul(H
f3C
Har{ecra
JTHHHH
orDa-
HHqeFrHfl
r\{orqHocrr{
I]o
feHeparopy
H ryp6nue
H MHHHMaJrbFio
io_
IlycrllMble
3Haq€HHf
Qrec,
To
nojjyqHM
noJIe
LI3r/reHeHHfl
HanopoB
Ha
,u,aHuoit
f3C
B
ycraHoBHBiIIeMCtI
peir{r'rMe,
Koropoe
cJryx(HT
ocHo-
eoi'i
.{flfl
nor6opa
ryp6aHuoro
o6opyrroBaHr{fi
foc
no
HfgE
H
HfSt'
{p^"^.
10.3,4).
C rtoMottlblo
roryqeHHoro
no"rrfl
H3MeHeHHr
HanopoB
fOC
Moir(Ho
or-rpeAeJrarb
H
^
nin
Hrec
lr
np6
HajrHlrgrr
Qx.co o.
AeftcrBriTe
u-rbHo,
nycTb
norpe6yercn
A"rtfl
KaKoro_To
za.6i:
const
(yllo
/-2".a<Hny)
rr
3aAaHuoro
Q"
u,>QTl-,t'saiiru
ff"i,
erEc
rr
e,.cop.
Hanop
rY.i
rtoiKer
6siro
safilen
no
(10.1)
llrn
ro
HaropHoii
xapar(repric-
rHKe
f3C.
3arev
ofipeAeJlrercrr
np'
roJTyqeHHoNr
3HaqeHpr^'H^',-il;
Ae"{bHar
rponycKHaq
cnoco6H0crb
fAC
Ail:t
(l-{^,)
n
Aaxee
Qx
cepi
KaK
pa3Hrirla
lrex'Ay
Q".o
H
0f3[:
(pnc.
10.3,
a).
.
Halr1u^rie
Q.*.cop
BC.(er
K H3tJeHeHHCI
[i
xapaKTepHcrlrr(H
ff_ru(.",u,
Q".u)
(pHc.
10.3,
6).
flpeaeilbHaq
no
Hanopy
r!,rou{Hocrb
npF(
3roilr
ilb.r,yvaercn
B
roLrKe
npu
Q;36
:
OFSL.
(H
^,).
.[,a.nee
rrrer
ro.:ibKo
,u-n,*"o,u.Hir.
fr*,
3a
ctleT
Toro,
qTo
cHl{}KaeTcfl
H^;,
?
BN{ecTe
c
HLr}t
il
ersc
(h
^,).
["rln
noebr[reHHfl
p&cro;Tsraevoir
r]o
Hanopy
MorrlHocra
f3C
B
re_
pHo,q,bl
xo",Tocrbr.\
c6pocos
lr'rs
HH3KoHanopHux
pycnoBbrx
coBMerqeH_
Hblx
f3C
HCnonb3yerct{
Bo3MoxiHocrb
noBbrLUeHr{rr
Hanopa
3a
cqer
sQQexra
s;KeKr{HH (pnc.
10.3,o), /io.3t(Hr^)
norr
3roM
yBerir.rr{HBaercfi
Ha
Aff,*
:
9,8
IrtruJH,*
(QF'E
+
Ae
(AIl,*)),
rAe
eF:c
--
pacxoA
IOC
npu AH
..*
:
Q.
Ha
prrc-
10.4
noxasaHa
HaropHafl
xapaKreprrcrrrKa
f oc
c
noAflopolvt
B
HHXiFIelt
6o-9Se.
[IoxEJIeHHe
roAnopa
vMerrbrua.
er N"'" (Q*-o)
Ha
noTepH
AMnoon,
rlponopt{HoFraJrbHbre
[rorepflLr
4Hnoon,
Koropbre
oIpe{e.,'rflrorcrr
KaK pa3HHqa
ilrexAy
3HaqeHHrlrrr
H"
6es
yuera
H
c
yqeroM
noArropa.
I,is-sa
rBy3HaqHocTH xpuaol:r
cBr3r{
Hr{x(Frero
6reSa
B
nepHo,4hr
no.,'roBo.tbff
Hapyuraercfl
oAHo3HaqHocrFr
H^(e".a)
rr
N"rr(e".ui.
gro
BE.4ET
K
NOqBTCHHIO
AHHAiVIHqECKHX FIANOPHbIX
IAPAKTCPIICTHK
foc,
noKa3aHHbrx
ria
pHC.
10.5
e
BHAe
saraco,"ocrefr_ff.*
(Q'r.u,
ij,
iy'rec
(Q".0,
l).
Crarr,iecr{He_
xapaKTepr.rcrrrK}r
AnE
}/cTar{oBHBurerocrr
pex(HMa
Ha
ropr x{e
pHCyHxe
o6osriaqerrbr
:epes
|I?ec(en.o),
zfo(e__o)
r.r
trft.
(Q
u).
Ec'rlt Ha HanopHoit
xapaKTept{cTHKe
yqecrb
^
HeycTa'oBl{BirJeecfi
ABi-litiellHe
BoAbI
AJrfi
cyToqtrblx
pelr(tir{oB,
To
3aBHCpr.r,rocrn
A^
o,
i-r,
Q,,.0
6yrer
errie
6o,ree
croxuorr
(puc.
io ol.
rlpn
i"*-
,orn,or,.*,
c,tyvati,
KofAa
QI:['(l)
coorBercrByer
B
4ei:rcrerrrerrbr{ocrr{
Kar(
6o.lnutirir,
rar( rr
r{errbrul.rii
iranop
no
cpaBrreFrirro
c
H?.
t4-64
l0
Kax
ea4uo, H
^
wrut
Hrec
3aBr.rcrrT
ToJtbKo
7 _- r.nncf
.
-8.o
torzLi
5
=
c0nSt
lzr-tt
o*=o)
&xiL
o,-r
kr:r)
xa
pa
r(TepHcT|It,.a
D
".c.
13c
or
Q*.0
trilH
Qrec
rp?r
_^
Ha pHC.
10.2
noKa3aHbr
HaftopFrbre
.
xapaKTepHcraKri
pyc,rrosoii
f3C,
ilocrpoeHHbte
no
(10.2)
A.irfl^za.o:HfiV
, ,"
u:y,UO.
OrH
sa_
BHCHMocTH
orlpeAe,lflror
co6or:i
Becb
eo3Moj{(Fibri"r
AHaita3orr
pacfioJra-
TACMbIX
T{ANOPOB
AAHgOiT
f3C
T,NN
YCTAFIOBHBIIICTOCfi
PC}KHMA.
C
noMoulbro
rranopntrx
xapar(TepHcrxK
tro
e".o
"o*ino
"e
roJrrbKo
orIpeAeJTI{Tb H^ HitH Hrec,
Ho
H oqeHHTb
upe{ea6uyrc
Molr{Hocrb
f3C B
AaHHoM
crBope,
r. e.
ff;u:
l/ST.
rpr{
2".6-const.
llpe-,
AeJrbHafl
ti{ourHocrb
HMeer
Mecro
e
rto6oM
CTBOpe
npII
Her(oropoM
Q*.o
B
crrr|
BbtrrlK.'1ocrH
xapaKrepHcrtrxpt
H^(Qr.u),
rrpHqeM
^;tif"
(10.2)
n-
{{lt-o
Hano-
f3c
lZr.i
t
'l
zn6.
Q,+6
Pnc.
-l
0.1.
I-ianoprran
Jronor{
u lr:lrona
nop lloii
208
Puc: 10.2.
.[.uana3orr
Hs.verreHnff
poB
py'cloeoir
rrH3r(oHa
nopnori
A,'tri
ycTaHoBI{BtUH.\Cfl
peiiiHMou
@,o)
zr,r
{0*r
=
o)
209
JHnoan,
zEd,
Ha
t1o
dn
op
A'cra
ttt
nodn
Ho/o.
HT,
zao
tt
dL
't
t
,
)t-
ilrx
0alr
Qtd
Plrc.
I0.4.
I'qer
nojlilopa
B rrafiopribr\
repr{crr{Kax
pyc,loBoir
r3c
''I
JLt
-dAt
L
H.O
1,
n0d
/Yr3c
n
s
r0
:rapar(-
z
3.[:
co
ns:
n
Fd(c
.t
f3C
Ho{0,6)
npu
266
um
I
JL
co
"H.C
xa
p
a
KTe-
naBo!,Ka
"3
t
rVcr3,
lYr;c
AU
uttlx.
Qfii
Puc.
10.3.
Vqgr
ofpaHrrqeHHrj
pycnoBoir
f3C
e
HanopHE{.\
TriqecKHX
XapaKrepHCTHKax
",
Qt6
o)
pexHMOB
H
3Hepre-
Psc.
10.5.
AanauaqecKr{e
Ha[opHbre
pHcrHr(r{
pycnoBori
f3c
e
nepnol
,
llpn
HarHriHH
Bcero
cneKTpa
3HeprerHqecKrrx
xapaKTepr{crriK
foc
(crr.
r.n.
g)
Hecrro)Kuo
ronyrrHrb
H
saBrrcHrvro;;;
fi;(//-#"
noropu"
c
yqeroM'bx.rlro,reuHfl-orKJrrorreHHff
ruApoarperaToB
6yler
KycorrHo_
rJraAr{ofr
KpHBOfi.
Tar<nu
o6pasopr,
AJrfi
rr/roTHHI{EIx
Hrr3xoga[opHbrx
H
cpeAgeHanop-
Hbrx
fOC
sHar{e'He
F"
ay*;aruunno
3aBHcrrr
or
en.a,
zn.a,
roArropa,
neAoBbrx
ycJr0BHri,
HeycraHoBr.rBurer,ocfl
ABHXieHlrx'n-bse$a*
f3c
lr
Apyll'x
Qarropoe
H
Moxier
H3MeHflTbcfi
B
srraq'TerbHbrx
rrpe;renax
KaK
B
reqel{He
cyrol(
(ueae"rru)
H3-3a
IIepaBHor{epHocrli
rpaQrrKir
Mrsc(l)'
TaK
H
B
TeqeHHe
ce3oHa
Hs-3a
cpadorr(!{-Ha,,oirHer*{r{
BoAo.
xpal'iH'rII{u{a'
CneAcreHeN{
3Toro
flBJtfitorcfl
cyu{ecrBerrHhre
}{3Me}re}rHr{
210
';
//116
'cr6)
n-4
R---
gqxT
i
=
const
\[J
8"
r(t)
t4
'
'r3c
)
&H.0
<._-\
lrilr(a';)
,/:
--a-rorrt)
_ .t
a
1.0
lulg-3
t
'7
Pnc.
10.6.
!,nHauauecxue
HaflopHbre
xapaKrepHcrr.rKH
pyc,roeofi
f3C
c
yve-
TOM HeyCTaHOBHBtuefOCfl
ABHit(eHLIfl
BoAL,r
B Hlr>KHeM
6neQe
,tH1,oa
, ,co
no0
I
rr2n
--{--
I
I
l.--
t1
t
Qx.6
i
Qu.t
Pac.
10.7.
Hanopnar
xapaKrepHcrHKa
nlornsnoft f3C
I
I
BCeX
3HepferrrqecKt{x
xapaKrepHCTHK
f3c
(Cn.
fvJ.
9)
,
r{oropbre
He-
o6xoAlrMo
yqr{Tb{Barb
B
pacqerax.
Hanopnue
xapaxTepHcTHKH
npHnnorHHHbrx
fAC.
Ans
nprrnnorirH-
Hbix
f3C
rHna
6parcxoir,
Kpacuoflpci{ofi,
Hypexcrioii
H
apyrux
Heo6-
xoAtrtr
);qer
norepb
Hanopa B
HanopHbr.\
BoroBo!,ax.
llocronbKy
npH
BK"rtrcrieHIItt
Kair.iAoro
HoBoro
BoAoBoAa
npoHcxoAlIT
cKaqKoo6pa3Hoe
n3MeHerrlte
AHBon
(Qrsc),
3ro
H3MeHfier
r{
xapaKTep
npueoir
t/' (Qn
u).
npeACTaB.,TfleT
CO6Ofi
KyCOqrrO-fJraAr(yio
3aBricr.iMocrb
c pa3pHBaMH
l--to
poAa.
A;rr
3rnx
fOC
/VIif"
AocrHraercfl
npn
oqeHb
6o,rylruux
Qn.o,
HaltHofo
6olr,ur
rix,
qerr
peaJIbHo
Bo3Mox{Hoe
HX
3HaqerrHe.
3aer'tcltltocTb
/VcrE(Q.r.,
z".o)
nivreer
ct(aqr(oo6pa3HbIi'I
xapaKTep,
Tor-Aa
K?K
A/p3s(Q.:c,
zu.a)
H arvrr(Qrsc,
zu.o)
riprr
onrnil,raiIbFIoM
BKrroqeHHr{
rllApoarperaroB
nperepneBaroT
Jir.(rub
H3Jroi\r
B
ToqKax
BKfltoqeHHfl
(prrc.
10.8).
illn
KolrneHCaqH[r
cKaqKoo6pa3Horo
rroBbrtrreriHfi
Haltopa
npH
Bri",'rIorr€HrrI.r
Kax{Aofo
c.ireAyroulero
fHApoarperara
6y4er
flpor.rcxoAr.rrb
rarioe
xie
cKaqKoo6pa3Hoe
yMerrbuleHtre
I(nA f3c
B
arux
rorrKax.
Ann
npurrrorurrsorri
I-3C
xapar{repHcrrrKr.r
t/,
(Q".0)
rr Hu.on(Q".0)
pa3IIrtlarOTCtt.
HanOp I{
".o^
BCerAa
,
Bbrrfie,
rteNr
H
o.
HS-Sa
3TOrO
Ilo3Mo){illbl
ll
olfiH6KIi nptt
pacqerax
Ae]icTBnre,trbr(brx
3Harterrrrft
iva H
Nrac
no
ylia3allliblx{
xapalirepllcrltlialvl
Isanr,tLueFILte
3r.rarrelrrrfl
iuorq-
14+
2l
l
Ha.6n
,
ilcrt
Z6
6
=
cons
t
zr.tQnl)
l/o(Qr.?)
(trt-
(Q
r.o)
Trfi=msx
=J
I,"
@,.hj
\\
HocrH
ro
xpuaori
Haai(Q".u)J.
*| | | \ _%:!y_n3--sa
n*yn.ri-rrorepb
Ho*dn)
Z
ani
Pac.
10.8.
Hanoplrbre
oHeprerrrqecK'e
Hai4cro
26.6
=const
xapaK-repHtrHriH
nnorauHofr
fOC
nprr
Ze.6:COnSt
'a.oa(Q
n.5,\
,
Ec,'ra "cio'6*0,
ro
tlpeACTaB.ryeHrre
HarropHoir
xapaxrepHCTrrriH
Kac_
KanA
e rpaouuecKoM
BHAe
KpaHr-re
cJrox(r{o.
LKA3AI]HOC
BbIIIIC
OTIIOCIIJOCb
I{
CJIYqAT
YCTAHOBKII
HA
f3C
OT-
HOTHrrHbrx
f
HApOafpef
aTOB.
o,lUaXO
npr,
pa3HOTrrrrHox,r
o60pytosa_
HHH
BHA
Hanop_HbIX
XapaKrepHcrHr{
cynlecrneFrHo
He
H3MeHHTCfl.
klz_
M€H€HHflr
6yly,
Kacarbcfl
^HWb
lraremaia.{e_cxofi
rv'oAe.rrH
3aAaLrH
oI]THMH3aI.{HlIBHyTpHCTaHqI{oHHbIXpexiflMoBf3y.
10.3.
HANOPHbIE
XAPAHTEPHCTHKH
rA'C,
HC
H
N3C
I.ns
fA3C
AerrbHo
n
iln,roa?ii:;3
:,'T;'.:"."::;"?ii?#i:,il:,?,1:l"il,,
o.ii_
par{repHCrHKH
B
6O,rnruarrcree
cnyqaeB
y}Ke
He
yoryr
6uro
flpel-
craBJTeHbr
r(aK
saBHCrrMocrn
Ha
HjrH
fIu.an
o.
A.or"
ii,,
|AOC
HecoBr{euleHHOfo
THila
c trcKyccTBeHHbr}rH
so.{o.\p
aHHjrHI.I{aMH
r,ra_
Jloro
o6ten
a
Hanopbr
H
^
rr
H
^.on
g;p;;rr"rorcfl
B
ocHoBHorr
pe-
)KHMolur
cpa6orxa-HarroJrrreHufl
6acieftuor^ieac--uo-
ui."i""",
u
He
pac,v.oAoM
Qra.:c
B
AaHHbrft
uonaeur.
Hurrur
cJ'roBaMH'
H^
r{
Ha.oa
Aitr
6.rro,rHor?
cxeivrbr
fAOc
Heco-
BMelr{euHoro
THila
c
oAHrraKoBbrMH
rHApoarperaTaNrri
MoryT
6srrs
HafiIeuu
no
cneAyrou{Htvr
{-ropr,rynalr:
I
I
I
i
i
:l
I
1
I
,f
E
CL
X9.:IT
no
xpusori
H
a.ai(e".u)
J
.
HanOpa
B BOAOBOA&X;H
CBff3aH_
Horo
c
Hefi
cHH)KeHHx
KIII
rer_
za6(Q,.6=0)
f
pof
iit'- ?': -Mox(er
Aocrrlrarb
2-3
olo
H
6oaee.
T,:c|ffiTrlc=maxQn.6Bcesoslto}KHbIeHa[opbIAJIfl
rrpHrr,rorHHnor?
f3C
rpe.qcrae_
Jrflrorcq
B
BHAe
HeKoropoir.
o6na_
";;;;;,;io""io.
z0=3
\
'ra
nnnoyr"'r^,,,,* -^--:--
-r..
J
-
ilrtc
Te
orpaHnueuar?
pex(rrr{a
pa6o-
rbi
f3C.
5--';
Hanopuue
xapaKrepucrHKH
lAilno*
AepHBaqHoHHbrx
fAC.
Ens
Ae_
n , A
6olsue,v_
pacxox{AeHnr{
rrex.ty
"=J
-,rfll)lll,J-
17a-6a
tr
H^'
Hanopu
H^.an
H
H;"
^dlllllllUtU-
HaMiroro
nuue
ff..
I-loreprl
na-
nopa
3a
cqer
HHX(Hero
6teda
T*c=max
f-11
AepHBar{HoHHbrx
f3C
rie-
3HaqI{Te,{bHbI
no
cpaBHeHHro
c
-
LHeo!.
tt
LHo"o,
cobraB",,rffror{H_
qrtd
rr.q
er
-
o
c
o 6
o ro
r
p
y
A
; p;
;;;;
; ;;;-';
-il,;;iff;r"
i,';1fri
r"
-i:,P.o
cr a
B
-
H^.a,(f)
:
flrn:c
(f)
:
?,
aG)
-
z,.ai),
z".o
(t):2s.6
(
Hr.o
(t)
)
;
zn.o
(t)
:2n.6
V..u
(t)
)
V".uU):
7".0
:
t
tl,.u(t)
:
V
no+
J
e.o,
g
(t)
dt;
to
H
^(t)
:_f[
^.6',(r)
+
LH
*^(emsc
(r)).
-u
Mg
Ao
l0-150/o
Hii,o
(cvr.
r,r.
g).
,4nq
rreKoropbrx
BHAoe
KacKaAoB
foc
H
HX pex(HMoB
Bo3MolK_
fio
[ocTDOeHHe
Ha''opHoft.'x
apaKTepHCTHKH
KacK
aAa
ff*(Q*).'
Haadonee
npocro
sro
Mgx(Ho^cAenar!
A,n
foc,
pa6o-
TalorrrHx
ilo
BoAoroKy
nprr
jnoo
x0'c
Qrir'J-arr,r:..:a.rcn:
Q
(/-:1,
2,
--.,
n__qsc,,ro
igc'B
KacKaAe).
A-no
noryqeriHs
uanopHor.r
'xapaKrepHCrHKH
KacKaAa
3Aecb
ueo6xoAll"l
noro.oBarbcfi
nogrrueru
{roABeAeriHoro
Hairopa
K
KacKaAy
H
Bb,rqHTaTb
H3
Hero
BCe
BHAbr
rlorepb
Ar-fi
KalKAoro
3HaqeHafl
Qirc;
:
e*.
I-Ipnr
HaJrHrrHH
HanopHori
xapaKTepHcrHKH
KacKaAa
fie
npetrcraB-
(
r0.5)
fAe
rrpH
t
f
J
Qraec
(t)
it;
(
r0.6)
(t0.7)
(
r
0.B)
npH
/V*:KrQ*/1"
(e*)
H-
(Q^)
:
Hnon
fr
orr*r
(Q*).
/:l
(
r
0.3)
(
10..i)
oTrroclrTcfi
K
Hacocr{oMy
pei*([rMy
a
B (10.7):jrjqdopor.
e;,pu;J-
,IX
pe)I(H,uoe
fA3C.
ocyrqecTBHTb
TOJIbKO
rrpH
BBeAeHHT
Me
Tofo,
neo6xoAaruo
B
Kaqecre(
BaTbcfl
He
Qre3g,
a
t.
{orro.[rr€HH€
BepxHero
6neQa
HAeT
,,fepuoa
BpeMeirH
T.
3ro
no3Bo-
(l)
Lt
z".a(t)
Ailrr
r{a}KAoro
3r{a-
rbr
ggpxrJero
!r
FrHx(rrero
6accei?-
/
.
FIa
prrc.
l0.g
nonrrr,,or
srH
212
2r3
z
6.6
(tt
[.t)
zs.6(Qt)
Q7=
C0nst
Qr=const
Q2=clfisl
2r.6fty.6)
zr.6(Q,t)
l/ -t
'H,0t,
-
H-O
Hai
Ha.6,t
Tgpduatttd
pex{uH
t
Hacocatri
Pexun
Plrc.
10.9.
HanopHue xapaKrepncrHKr.r
|ASC
HecoBueu{eHHoro
rr{na
npr{
Q
f,1SC:
const.
3aBrlCHI{ocTIi
A,'Ifl
TelTzlTt
EIrfl
Typ6HHHoro
rr HacoCHOro pexiH-
MoB
fA3C.
C
yqerolt
rioJlytiglllto,*
saBHcHMocreft
Hec.ryox{Ho
no-
CTpOHTb
H
H
^.on:
H
a.6n
(/,
Q")
.
Alg
)'CJTIOBI{fl,
KOfAa
Q":Qr.a,ec:COflSt,
noTepH
L,Huot 6yLyr
/x.?*'
vx.d
TaKx{e
ttocroflHHblru]r.
Bcrre4crsne
3TO|O
Ha
OTrHqaiOTCfl
OT H3_6n iI?
Ai/"o^,
r{To
It roxa3auo Ha
plrc.
10.9,6.
Taxoro )Ke BHAa
xapaKrepH-
cTHr$r
s
QyuxuriH
Bpeil.reHH
3aprrAa-
pa3pflAa
|ASC
Mox(Ho rrocrpoHrb
H
AJrf
nepeMeHHofo
Bo BpeMer-rH,
Ho
3aAaHHOfo
pelKHilta
rA3C.
B
Hrix
h{o}KHo
yqecrb
H 3aBHCrr-
Mocrb
AH"oo(Q-A3c).
Bo ecex
Apy-
rux
Cnyqaf
X
AlIfr
pacqeTa
H
^.on
HJLfl
H^ CJreAyeT
nOJrb3OBarbcfi
Qopr"ry.rraruH
(
10.5)
(
10.8) .
floi',tuuo
paccMorper{Hrrrx
Bbrure
rranoprrbrx
xapaKrepr'rcrHK
f
A3C
(puc.
10.9) urrpoKoe
pacnpocrpa-
IICIIHC
B
NDOCKTIiOiI
.II
3KCNJiVA.
TaI{TIOIiFIOI:I
npaKTHKe
IIO,il}LrH,TH
3aBHCHMOCTU HTTt:c,
H^
H
H,
oT
ypoeuefi
!r.;rlr
o6teNroe
BoAbr
B 6accertuax rr{ApoaKKyMyjrr.ipynLqHX
s,leKrpocraHLlHii.
B
oco6eHHocrtI 3To
orHocHTCfl
K fA3C
FiecoBivre-
uleHFro[o
THr]a.
B
KaqecrBe
H,,'rr'tlocrpar{HH
I-ra pHc.
10.i0
[peAcTaB"rreFrbr
B
o6u{e,lr
BHfe
saBncHlrocrt
H^(l/'),
HrsecU) u
H,(V),
rAe
Hrnc
(V)
:
zu.e
(V)-
z*.a(V)i
(!0.9)
H
"(V)
-
H
raec
(Y)
+
AH,or;
(
10.
l0)
H,(V):t'{r,{ec(Y)-
LH*r,
(l0.ll)
r.r,e
7
-
no;re3Hbrfr
o6rerr Borbr
B
BoAoxpaHHJ'rHrue.
Ha
p[rc.
10.10
nplIItflTO,
!-TO V:Vs.6
klilH V:Vn.o.
Oco6-vro.
Baj+\uocrb
riprrodpeTaer
rteo6.\ofrrltocrb
!'Lr€Ta
pa3"trrrrrrrr
H"
H H,
(panHoro
ABoiltHbrM
noreprrM
Harropa
B BoAonpoBorflu{lrx
coopyx{eHnflx) npH
Bbl6ope
H
o6ocuoeaHarr
[aparv{erpoB
ocHoBHoro
3rreprernqecKoro
o6opyloe
aHHr
fASC
H
f
3C-f
A3C,
ocFrau{errFibr.\
o6paruuttttit
afperaraMli.
YxasarrHoe
pd3.r1H9He,
3 TaKX(e
cooTr{orue-
IIIIe
AHana30lIoB
H3Mellelll'Ifl
B
I{eJloN{,
YAo6go
ilpeAcraei'IfTb
B
BHjie
saBHClIMocrel'l
11. l{
ry"
or
Qrrcc).
Ha"nlique
cyu{ecrBerrHori
pa3r{Hubr
\rex\ly
3llaqetlllffllll
H,
H
H*
tle r[o3Bo;TfleT
6ee npwlflTtrfl
cnequa.Tb-
tlblx
Nlep
o.1l{HaKoBo
:cpQexrHnuo
HCro.IIb3oBarb
o6parulrrrii
arperar
e
ryp6rru{Ho}{
ti riacocrrbrx
pexlrMax.
Alq
f3C-fA3c
B
KacKaAe
rrprr
cyror{Ho}r
3apflAe
tso3NroiKfro,
tlro
zs.6
I{ zu.6
6yeyr
il3MelifiTbcfl
ne3HaLIHTerbiio.
HanprrNrep,
Ajrfl
o6parrrvuix
rrr;lpoarpefaroB,
Koropbie
r{oryT
6srrr
ycTarioB.,'reHbr
Ha
f3C
r"4ttrerbHoro
perI"{ripoBaHHfl
B
r(acKa.4a.\
(Bonxcro-liai\{cKHft,'-
!,Henpoectiuft
Ii
Ap.).
B
sroM
cflyqae
Airfl
pel6Hilf
a
pa3pflAa
fA3C
HanopHbre
xapaKTepHCTriiil{
aHa.rrorHqr{br
o6r,rquuivr
f
3c.
tr
nn
Ha-
C_OCHOrO
pe)fillNfa
npH
Ze.6:COnSt
H Z,.6:COnSt
3HaqeHLirr
Ha11Opa
H^
Nlox{Ho
IIPeICTaBHTb
3aBricffu{Hil{
oT
Qrrr:c
Ha
ocHoBe
c.rreJyrc-
ueFo
Bbrpa)KeHHf
:
H
"(t):zs.6(t)
-2".u(l)
+AilHc
(t)
,
+
I
I
I
t;
li
it
It
I
l
;7
Hd KC
'
6.d
y
t{HH
'
6.6'
(10.12)
I
I
rAe
zB.d(t)-i,
o(/)
-
H
rec(l)
:const,
a
aHs6(/)
:
affrrc(Qr.r:c
(l)).
Hanopnote
.tapaKTepucruKr.t
HacocHbl.y
crau4uti
u
rAac
I
Ha-
co c
Ho r1't
p
eficu.,+{e
aHarloe
uqH
bL.
E
nn
KacKaAoB
rrH3KorranopHbrx
f aC-|AOC
AJrrireJrbHoro
pery-
.,'IIIpOBaHl{fl
C
KaiICyJIbHbI}1ll
rtlApOarpefaTaii{U
H^
Irpat(Tr,rr{ecKH
nO-
c-TofHeH
B
pelKHMe
Cyror{trofo
3apfAa
H
paBer{
pa3Hocrri
ypoBHeft
6neQoa.
rr
HHH
t
x.5
Psc.
10,10.
I-lanopusre
.\apaKreplrcrlr-
KH
fA3C
HecoBMculcrnroro
rr{na
r^nn
o6ulcro
cJryrrar
214
Q3
=
ConSi
Qj> Q2>
Q
7
H/7tr.6
(r
(v,1.6)
lt
rttc(v
^.6)
H7U,a-6)
9tc
Pacqer
Haropa
Ailfl
rrpflivlOfo
'rypSauuoro
n
o6pari{ofo
iracoc-
HOfO peir(irMoB
rv{ox(Ho
gporl3BoAHTb
rlo
QOprury,ralr:
tln,tlo.H it
rAe
z=.0(l)
:2e.6(v*.0(/)) -ypoBeHb
BoAbr
B
BoAoxpa'r.r,'rHU{e
t
V
".u$)
:
V,,
+
J
enr.
tt)
dt
+
3Hart
u*1-
o6parrronlr
HacocHo111r
p€x(Hrvry.
I;i:r
o6parHoro
ryp6lruuoro
H
npsMoro
HacocHoro
pexiHturoB
Ha-
Iropbr
sa
fl3C
trror(Ho paccqHrarn
no
Qopuyrravr:
H'nJt
*
(/)
:
2,,
(t)
-
Za
6(lz".u
(t));
(10.
15)
(10.16)
a
6oeSax
p
acqeTax
Vr.alt):V"rt
MOtqHOCTtT
pr
3HepfI{H,
IlpH
3ailaHHbrx
rpaQnxa.r
orAarltr
ilo N.{ou],-
HocTlr, pacxoAy
Lrrr{ pex(Hr{a\,r
6necpon
tto
orN{eTr(a\.r.
3ru
'
pacqeTbt
cJlox{[Iee,
'.re]r
BoAoxo3trficrselrr,rore,
Lr3-3a
c"rox(-
rlocrH
HX Lrarer.la'rlrqecKHX
norerieft,
cBf
3biBarou{!{x
Me}KJy
CO6Orl
Hanop,
pacxoA
H
r\,roulHocrb
f3y
c
pex{HMoM
cpa6orxH-Hafio".1Her{r.rfl
BOI.OXP
AHHJIHIIIA,
-
KACI{AAHOCTI.i
IICIIOTb3OBAHHfl
BOAOTOI(A,
PIUOTOO6.
pa3rtt
rlrrroB
f3y
ro
cnoco6v
cosAaHHfl
Franopa
ri pefy.lrrpoBaHr.rf
cToKa
lI
APyrnru
rIpHr{HFiaM.
1'.2.
PACqET
CPA6OTK'.i.HANONHEHH'I
BOAOXPAHHJI}{I.q
r3C
.Eggg+o_sn_fic1e_gyqlqe
pacqerb{.
3ala,{eir
3rir-x
pacqeroB
flBrfiercfl
npoBepKa
Bo3Mox(HocrH
o6ecneqesus
rpe6oeasrrfr
yqacr1ryrrioB
BXC
z".o(t):a*r(
I/"
(l)
)
:2a.6(V"o-Ay"
(l)
)
,
f"
AYu(f)
:
I
Qo(t)c\t;
t6
Q"
(l)
:Qa.o
(l)
-
[Q,,0
(l)-
-aQnn,
(t)
_AQo,*.
(l)l
.
(10.is)
II3C:
(r0.
11)
t
,,{
j
Q.n:c
(t)
d t.
ro
-^ Iprr^HaJrLrrr,r*r
HeycraHoBrBrrlerocfl
ABHX{eHHfl
BoAbr
f3C,
f3C-fAOC
ri
-
ll3C
ero
c.?-reAyer yqr{rbrBarb
B
H^.o.t
U,trf
Hu.
IJIABA
I1
OCHOBbI
A{ETOgOB
PACI{ETA
BOgOXO3qfiCTEEHHOTO
t4
BOflHOSHEpTETHT{ECKOTO
PEIKHMA
THAFOSHEpTETHT|E
cxFlx
ycTAt-t
oBoK
r1.f.
oEu{HE
nono}KEHxtr
B
npoexruoft
it
3Kcn.[yaTaqliotruol-t
np'axrrixe
3r{aqHTe!,IbHoe
Me-
cro
3at{tiMaror
raK
Ha3brBaei\,tbte
BoAoxo3fliicreeurtute
u BoAHognep_
feTHqecxHe
p&c{eTbr;
3rll
pacqerbt
6asupyrorca
Ha
eAllnofi
MeroAHqecxoi'r
ocHoBe
BHe
3aBI{C11}IOCTI{
OT COAepXiaHIifl
CaMOTO
pacqeTa,
rrpOBOAHlrOrO
B
yCJIO-
BHfl-\
3KCrr"'lf
srauHlt
H"r'rr{
npoeKTHpoBaHHfi
f 3y.
Or rioppeKTHocrri
rlPoBe.leHIifl
sTHX
pacqeroB,
ril{eloil{trx
B
ceoefi
ocHoBe r}r
H.ryti
HHyiO
i\taTeMaTliqecliyrc
MOAe"4b,
BO
lvlHorOlvt
3aBnCtrT
sQ$eXruBHOcTb
llcnoilb3oBaHHn
rllAp03HepropecypCoB
B
HapoArio1,a,xosfl1icree.
-:,,,
Bogoxossficlnensste
pacqe'rbr
cBff3aHbi
c
onpeAe,rreHHeiu
6anaH-
coBbu{
coorHorrieunii
no pacxoAy
(o6revry)
no4ui
n salaHHbix
crBo_
rrbrx
3treprerlrqecr(r{x
napail.leTpoB
pe)K}ii\{oB
f3y,
T.
e.
Hairopa,
216
:tf
rAe
(r1.r)
(r r
.2)
(1r3)
2t7
C
yqeroNr
BlrAe:
(
i
1.3)
Nrox{Ho
rrpeAcraBHrb
(1
1.1)
B CJreAyiou{eil{
Ils
gucxperHoii
nocratroBr(H 3aAaqlr
Lrcr{oryrbre
3Fraqerrr.rfl
Sutrr
paccLrr.rraHbr
no rfopnyae
L
HOII
BbIITC.
W
n.c'i
\{Of
}i
T
H"TIIJ
z".o
(t)
:za.o{i/eo-
flV
^.o
(f
)
-
-
(W
^v
(l)
-A
Zno.
(i
)
-A
Ysxc
(r)
I
);
V"(t):
Vuo-(
lV
".o
(/)
-
[
W
,r(t)
-
-A
7,,o'
(l)
-
A
Tsxc
(/)
I
)
(
il.4)
(r
1.5)
i
I
i
I
i
l.
lV,,.r,i
--
I
{Q"0,
*
Q"i
--
AQn*i
-
AQexci
)
Lt
i,
/1
6V
ei
V'Ji
--
V'ii
at:-
'
-n/
Ni
Ali
(r
1.7)
(r
r.8)
pacqeT
3aBrrcrr\rocreir
I( IIOfl
B"rreHI.trc
ItTepa-
Bce
q.rei-rbr
(1
1.5)
.nrr6o
3aAaribr
(i,/.0)
,
Jr.160 Moryr
6rrrn
pac-
ct{l'irai{bi
II}Telr{
I{l-trerpHpoBaFIHfl
3aBt{CLi}Iocrett
Q,..o
(l)
,
Qno
(/)
,
a-Q""'
(/)
H
AQu*c
(/)
Bo
BpeMer{r'i.
Ha"ruqae
orpar{rrqeHnri
no
I/"
ii.;tlI
orrIeTKa,rr
6oeQoB
iv{o){ter
iloB.ilHflTb
ro"ilbKo
Ha
AoilycruMocrb
3aillituoro
pexiltua
orf,aqu
Q".o
(l)
.
Arq
qtrc,r-reHHoro
peuerjrirr
(
I
1.5) rreprro-L
T:t*-to
pa36irBaer_
cr
Ha
k n o6u{eu
c,r1}rr&e
HepatsHbr.\
trHTepBaJoB
BpeilreHtr,
B
npe-
Ae.ilax
KoTOpbix
ilpHllH,\,rarcTCf
nocrofiHHbrt{rr
3HaqeHHrr pacxolloB
H
OTlreToK
Hirx(Hero
6ueQa.
TorAa
i.ia
KoHeq i-ro
rrHTepBa.'ia
Bpelre-
HII
Al/ni
OI-ipeAent.tTCtl
L
1r rl Sr
v
ni
:
!'ao
_-
4IQr.a,-(Q'0,
-
AQ,,or,
-
AQile)J
lli.
;- |
llprr
Hai'iriqrirr
trorepb
Boj(L,r
ua
HCnapeHIre
Q,,.n:e,,.n
(/,
F")
H
"'trloo6pa3oBaHrre
Q..:Qr,
(1,
F", lln),
3rraqeHr-re
Koropbtx
oflpeAe_
"{fleTCr
ilcKor'{btNI
perilr}roM
cpa6orr<ti-HaitoJHeHlIff
BoAoxpaHr.i.{HU{a,
pacrleT
V"(t),vc.Tox{Hrrercfl
norrB.i-reHrreM
HTepailirouuoft
npoqe4l,prr
no
L/B B
KalKAor.r
i-lr pacqerHoirr
lrHTepBa.te.
Pacqer
6asoeoi:r
3aIaLrH
Ailn
KacKaAa
BoAoxpaHr{Jr{u{
npoH3Bo-
AHTctt
cBepxy
Brrlr3
rlo
BoAoroKy
c
ricnoJrb3oBaHtreNI
6a"'iaHCoBbrx
coorHoirreHr.irl
no
pacxoAy
B KacKaAe
(cu.
$
7.2)
. B
HeKoropbrx
c.ilyqafix
B
KactiaAe
BoroxpaHHrHU{
BoAoxo3rficrnessoro
Ha3rraqeHHn
paccllarptiBaeilloro
6accetlua
noqBrrercrr
Heo6xo4rMocrb
o6ecne.{e-
lirif
saAaFiHofo
rpa$rixa
orAarrrl rlo
pacxoAy
(o6tervry)
BoAbr
B
3a-
;1aitllol\1 crBope.
Q]",Kt{HoHa,:IbHafl
Mo,ie,ql
no,Io6uoio
6accel'iria
Nro-
218
rnA
B
or.'rlrLrlie or 6a:oeoir 3araqLi
BBeAeHr.re
B
Q',.n:Q'.n(/,
F')
rr
Q"(1,
F", h.-,) rre
flpHBeAer
uuoFrtrori
npouefvpbr
B r(a;*(^torr i-r{ r{rirepBaJe.
(1 1.6)
Pacqer pe;ftu\ra
KacKaIa
BoAoxpaLrri,lnLq
r.rq
o6p
arrroir
C.;ICI!'ET NPOH3BOAHTb TAK?KC
CBCPXY BHH3 NO
BOJ.OTOKY.
3a;iaqrr
B
pea,rbrrbix ycjloBHfl,\
BoAoxo3flricreer-rHore
pacqerbl
nprr
3aIaH-
uoit
or-Taqe no
pacxoAy
tt.lrH o5'beMa\{ BoAbr
HaMrroro cro}riHee
r{3-3a
ueo6xo4ut{ocrll
yqera
il{Ho)*(ecrBa
AoflorHHTeirbHbix
yc;roarrflt
Ir
onpa-
HiiqeFIul't
pex<nlta
BoAoxpaHtrJHU{.
3ro uoxer
itpHBecrH
r(
rrofiB"letrnro
-l.ono.lHsre.irbt{btx
nrepauuoinlbtx
npoi{e.{,yp
B
pacrrerax-
Oj(riar,o rre-
To-toilorttqecKII
ocrloBbr
pacqeroB
6yayr coorBeTCTBoBarb
onricar{irbt}r
n
$
7.3
n B
^larruoir
frsBe
.
BoAuoeHeprer'{t{ecKHe
pacqerbr
f
3
C.
B
or"rrurlire
or
eoroso:qii-
crBel{liblx
pacqeroB,
6a:ripytolllII.\ctr Ita
6aLailcax
pacxola
ir.rrr
cro-
i{4, nl)ll npoBeAel{HI.r
BOJ,H03HepfeT}i(recKrrx pacqeToB
Bo3Hr{KaeT
r-re-
o6xoAuMocrb
J,ono,TIlnre,:IbHo
vr{r.rrbrBarr,6a;iar{cbr
Hailopa,
NIou{uocTrl
H
sHepf
urr 13c.
EcrecreeHuo,
rtro
3ro
pacurrpffer
o6.lac'r
o
cyue-
crBoBaitltf
pacqeToB
H
3HaqrITe,rIbfro
!rx
ycr'Iox{uRer.
B
cBfl3u
c 3TtIrl
He
IIpercraB.tfleTCr
B03Nlo)KHL'rlr
IaTb
o6rqee
peileHtie
Bce\
BOf,rio-
sHepferHqecKHX
3aAalr
;t,rn
f3c
pa3Hbrx
rr-rnoB
no cI]oco61'
cos;lanrrR
franopa
rr BH;Iy
pefydTHpoBaHHf
cToKa.
B ro )'Ke BIlevfl Ir3
BCero ltttoroo6pa3rrff
3aAarr,
Bo3nriKaroulrix
npll
npoBeJelllill .1to6u.r tso^lll03lrepreTHqecKIix
pacqeToB,
Ito;firro
Bbt-
AeJttrb
rpu
ocHoBiibie, flB,1ftou{rrecfl
6asonbr}.rH.
I( 3Tr,rrt
3aAaqa}I
ItolKIlo
oTllecTtt
cIeAylouIiIe:
pactle'f
napaMeTpoB
BoAr{03Lrepr-eTflLte-
cKofo
pe){irii\ra
13c
npi{ 3ararilio}r rpaQrixe
orAaqlr no
pacroAy
Q".o(l),
aKrttBHoft
irloutnoc-rn
lVrsc
(/)
HJIH
nplr
H3BecrHoNr ypoBFreBoN{
pelKr.rlf
e BoAoxpaHr{rrr.iu{a
z".o(t)
unn
vr(t).
B
ocuoBe
BoAI{o3uepreTHqecKrr^\
pacqeToB
.,rex(ar
r{rre
i\{
aTrrrre-
cKrle l{oAei-rH Texr{orofr{Ltecriofo
npouecca
f3c,
paccMo'rpeF{Hofo
B
r"1. 7-ll.3rli NtoAe.rH
Aaitie
A/rn
Aerepi\,ruiFrrrposaHrrorl
lrrrcpopr{au1H
X
a p
a KTep H3yloTcfl
CJ'lOHi
tlocrblo
B3a liMoCBfi
3etl naP
aNreTpOB
rr nepei\reH-
I-lbrx
ri
I{.\ r{eJ-irrrtefruocrsrc.
B
octtoeuoNr 3To
3aBncHi\toc'rrr HelBrroro
Bprila (crr.
r,rr.
B)
;
B prrle
c,l!''ttaeB
Ipoueccbt
onHCbu]arorcx
;1ucpc]epeuqrrt.ilbnrrr!rrr
ypaBr{er{rrfl}rrr
I
-ro
rr
2-ro
nopflllr(a.
IToalorry
ro'rb
o6Lqee
peuetr
r.te
j(,,T
fi
BCe\
3a;l;ttl BO;lltO3ll€PTeTIIqeCKOI-o paCtleTa
fOC IteBO3r!o)*(rrO.
B
CBrr3rr
c
3'rtJIl
pacclro'rillrlt
Ilart6ortee
rltnt((utbte
c,r'Iyrrarr.
i
I
I
I
I
I
{
I
I
I
I
t
I
I
I
I
-\
I
I
I
.,1
I
I
I
I
t-
I
i
219