Гулая Т.М. English Tests

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3.ReadingComprehension

171

3. New Zealand was advanced in the area of …

1. human rights;

2. nuclear testing;

3. environmental protection.

4. Of the birdlife the most spectacular is …

1. the tuatara;

2. the weta;

3. the kiwi.

5. New Zealand is ...

1. a dominion;

2. an independent country;

3. a British colony.

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Englishtests

172

Test 36

Прочитайте предложенный текст и выберите единствен-

но правильный ответ в каждом задании.

There is no sporting event in Britain enjoying greater attraction

than the boat race.

Rowing (canoeing) has a long history in England. It was first

started in the 18

century. At that time the boats took part in processions

on the Thames. In the 19

century people started to use the boats for rac-

ing not only in London, but also in the Universities of Oxford and Cam-

bridge. The first boat race between these two famous schools took place

at Henley in 1829. Nearly every year since then there has been a boat race

between Oxford and Cambridge Universities.

It takes place on the Thames during the spring vacation at the end

of March or the beginning of April.

The crews of the boats, chosen from the members of the college

Boat Club, train together for twelve weeks before the race. There are

eight oarsmen and a cox in each boat. They are known as Blues because

they wear blue jackets called blazers.

The Boat Race is a London festival. On boat race Saturday the

banks along the Thames and the bridges are crowded with people who

come out to watch the race. Those who stay at home watch it on TV.

However, even those with no particular interest in rowing like to know

the result of the Boat Race.

At Oxford and Cambridge those students who represent their uni-

versity in some sport are awarded «a blue», that is, the right to wear a

blue cap and scarf (dark blue for Oxford, light blue for Cambridge). This

gives great social position.

1. The crew of the boat consists of ...

1. 8 people;

2. 9 people;

3. 12 people.

2. On boat race day the banks of the Thames are full of people be-

cause …

1. rowing has a lot of fans;

2. they want to go boating;

3. they can't watch the race on TV.

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3.ReadingComprehension

173

3. Rowing a boat ...

1. is a new kind of sport in England;

2. has a long tradition;

3. dates back from the 19th century.

4. ... are allowed to wear «a blue».

1. winners of the Boat Race;

2. members of the Boat Club;

3. members of the university teams taking part in different sports

events.

5. Traditional Oxford-Cambridge boat race takes place ...

1. twice a year;

2. during holidays;

3. at the end of April.

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Englishtests

174

Test 37

Прочитайте предложенный текст и выберите единствен-

но правильный ответ в каждом задании.

With the development of technology in the twenty-first century, it

would be really difficult to imagine life without computers. They are a

source of information, education and entertainment, but today's world of

computers can also be quite frightening and dangerous. This is because of

people who use computers for illegal purposes. They are called hackers.

Hackers spend their time playing with computer data in all parts of cyber-

space. Much of what they do is not dangerous, but sometimes their activi-

ties break the law, for example, when they break into websites, take con-

trol of computers or create viruses. They are especially interested in

breaking through the security of military websites.

Hackers know how to trick people just using their programs. They

use a 'Trojan Horse’, a program that looks perfectly safe, but actually

contains something destructive. The only way of not getting into trouble

is not to open it.

Although they can get serious punishment if they are caught, most

hackers still think that what they do is a game. They often meet at festivals to

take part in discussions, share their experiences, meet other hackers and gen-

erally to have a good time. These meetings are organized in well-known

places like Las Vegas or Berlin. However, what the hackers do at such fes-

tivals is a secret and often many of their activities take place at night.

Recently, hacking has started to increase. Hackers are getting into

computer systems and stealing or destroying information. It is certain that

there will be a lot more of this high-tech crime in the twenty-first century.

1. 'Trojan Horse' is ...

1. an anti-virus program;

2. a computer game;

3. a kind of computer virus.

2. In future the number of hackers ...

1. will not change;

2. will be bigger;

3. will decrease.

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3.ReadingComprehension

175

3. In the author's opinion, the use of computers ...

1. is dangerous and destructive;

2. is quite safe and necessary;

3. has its advantages and disadvantages.

4. Hackers' special interest is ...

1. top secret information;

2. education;

3. entertainment.

5. A hacker is a person who ...

1. provides computer users with new and interesting information;

2. enters other people's computer programs without permission;

3. surfs through the Internet.

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Englishtests

176

Test 38

Прочитайте предложенный текст и выберите единствен-

но правильный ответ в каждом задании.

Every year adults from all over the United Kingdom spend a week-

end at the Avoncroft Further Education College in Birmingham. While

there, they're taught Spanish by native speakers in an informal environ-

ment. All the students have a basic grounding in the language, gleaned

from regularly attending evening classes; nevertheless, it's an intensive

course requiring thorough concentration. Grammar and vocabulary are

taught in Spanish and students are expected to speak the language all the

time. The emphasis on speaking Spanish isn't confined to the classroom

and students are even encouraged to speak it during their lunch break.

Many of the students have chosen to learn Spanish because they be-

lieve a second language will improve their career prospects; others simp-

ly want to make themselves understood while on holiday. The course in-

cludes a great deal of conversation, focusing on practical situations like

going to a restaurant, traveling on a bus or train and other things that such

students need.

In the 10 years since it started, the Spanish weekend has been at-

tracting an increasing number of students and its organizers believe that

more people are enrolling because they find its approach both useful and

relaxing. Students become less embarrassed, they say, and they then be-

come more and more used to hearing themselves speaking the language

and less anxious about making mistakes. They become self-motivated

and continue their learning after they leave the center.

Many students claim that by completing the course, they develop a

greater appreciation of Spanish traditions and culture. They gain confi-

dence in the use of Spanish and this is a tremendous help to holiday mak-

ers or anyone else going to Spain for any purpose. .

1. Students learn Spanish ... .

1. to appreciate Spanish traditions and culture;

2. to improve grammar and vocabulary;

3. to communicate in the language both for business and pleasure.

2. The Avoncroft weekend course is for ...

1. children;

2. grown-ups;

3. people of all ages.

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177

3. The atmosphere at the lessons is ...

1. easy-going

2. embarrassing

3. formal.

4. In class students ...

1. speak their native language;

2. speak Spanish;

3. speak both languages.

5. Those who sign up for the course ...

1. are beginners;

2. have some basic knowledge of Spanish;

3. speak fluent Spanish.

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Englishtests

178

Test 39

Прочитайте предложенный текст и выберите единствен-

но правильный ответ в каждом задании.

The Great Wall of China is the only man-made construction that

can be seen from space. It is 6,000 kilometers. It runs along China's

northern border and has an unusual shape. It looks as if its architects did

not have any specific plans. It looks like a snake or a long road. Nobody

knows why its shape is like this but legend states that it was built to im-

itate the movements of a dragon – a popular religious symbol in China.

The section of the Wall visited by most tourists is at Badaling Pass

near Peking. Here, the building material is grey granite blocks, 6 meters

high. On both sides of its roof, there are low walls which protect you from

falling off the Wall. In the middle, there is a road which is wide enough for

five horses running side by side. Other sections of the Great Wall are built

of various materials, often of poor quality, for example, wood or sand, de-

pending on whether the wall crossed deserts, plains or the country.

The people who built the Great Wall were often those who could

not pay their taxes, prisoners of war and criminals. There were about one

million slaves working on the Wall. They lived in poor conditions, in

places called work camps. They worked without clothes during the sum-

mer and they wore only animal skins in the winter. They often died of

disease and hunger. Those who died were often buried in its foundations,

making the Wall the 'world's longest cemetery'.

There are still many of the original 25,000 towers left. They are

about 12 meters high and the distance between two neighboring towers is

over 200 meters. The army usually lived in these towers. In the period of

the Wall's glory almost a million men stayed there.

Today the Great Wall is one of China's most popular tourist attrac-

tions. Where else in the world can you see something built by man over

twenty-two centuries ago?

1. The Wall was designed ...

1. to look like a snake;

2. in line with a specific plan;

3. with no plan in mind.

2. The living conditions of those who built the Wall were …

1. excellent;

2. good enough;

3. terrible.

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3.ReadingComprehension

179

3. The Great Wall of China is situated in …

1. the south of the country;

2. the north of the country;

3. the west of the country.

4. The Wall’s towers were constructed to provide room for …

1. soldiers;

2. slaves;

3. prisoners.

5. The Wall was built of …

1. granite;

2. wood;

3. different materials that were at hand.

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Englishtests

180

Test 40

Прочитайте предложенный текст и выберите единствен-

но правильный ответ в каждом задании.

Since the early times communication played a crucial role in hu-

man society. All the previous ways of communication set the stage for the

present unprecedented integration of communication capabilities, which

we call Internet. Internet revolutionized the communication world like

nothing before.

If you are a Netizen (Net citizen), you can consider any person on

the Net your compatriot. It does not matter where this person lives. In the

virtual reality of the Net you live next door to everyone. There are no

borders for the Internet, you work in cyberspace.

Every person on the Net can make an intellectual contribution to

the global society. It means that access to the Net needs to be universal. It

is a long way to go to achieve this goal, but a lot has been done in this

direction already.

In the United States, you can get unlimited number of hours on the

Internet paying about $20.00 a month and this cost is definitely going

down.

The universities provide free access to the Net for their students,

professors, staff, etc. Many businesses are also connected and allow their

employees to use the Net for business purposes. Most public libraries

now offer free on line service through their computers.

There is another process going on with the Internet – its commer-

cialization. Businesses advertise and market on the Internet. Online cata-

logs and advertising provide many opportunities, and online shopping is

becoming more and more popular. There are lots of companies that are

trying to make profit through the Internet.

The Internet owes its design to the US Defense Department's

project of 1969. The Internet was designed in part to provide a communi-

cations network that would work even if some of the sites were destroyed

by nuclear attack.

Then people in universities all over the world started to use the

network to share ideas. They used it for work and for fun. In the 1980s,

people started calling it the Internet.