Fleet K. The Cambridge History of Turkey: Volume 1, Byzantium to Turkey, 1071-1453

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Index

Uluborlu see Bur

glu

al-‘Umari, chronicler, 92, 106, 228

on alum mine, 242

economic data, 229, 240

on nomad herds, 231

on Orhan’s army, 196

on silks, 325

on weights and measures, 246

on Yakub b. Alis¸ir, 113

Umur Pas¸a, emir of Aydın, 33, 105, 111

in Balkans, 123, 144, 147

at Birgi, 270

captives, 251

as patron, 320

Unal, Rahmi H

useyin, 278

uniforms, military, janissaries, 208

Urbai Hatun, daughter of Berke Han, wife of

Izzeddin, 72

as wife of Mesud, 77

Urban II, Pope, and ﬁrst crusade, 14

Urban IV, Pope, 29

Urfa, town, 374

Urg

up, Christians in, 405

see also Damsa K

Uro

s, king of Serbia, 28

Urquhart, D., 153

Uruc¸Pas¸a, son of Timurtas¸, 169

Uruqtu, Mongol commander, 69

Us¸ak, Holbein carpets from, 336

Usk

up see Skoplje

Usta M

usliheddin, architect of Great Mosque

at Edirne, 182

Uz, Turkic nomads, 9, 139

in Byzantine army, 10

vahdet-i v

ucud (monism), 394–6, 398

vakıfname/vakﬁyes (trust deeds of religious

foundations)

for bedestans, 313

Seljuk, 228

as source material, 377, 378

vakıfs (pious endowments)

evkaf defters (registers), 367

foundation charters, 148

and Islamization, 383

mechanism, 377

for medreses, 412

for mosques, 379

ofﬁcial documents from, 104

in Ottoman beylik near S

ut, 120

Ottoman period, 379

Thessaly, 173

in towns, 377–80

types, 378

of Ulu Cami in Edirne, 172

Van, Lake, Mongol advance to, 53

Van, town of, 374

Varna, battle of (1444), 48, 137, 152, 190,

221

Vaspurkan, Byzantine annexation, 7

Vatopedi, Athonite monastery, 142

Vefaiye, tarikat, 384, 392

Velayetname-i Hacı Bektas¸, 404,

405

Venetians, as tax farmers, 257

Venice, 228

attack on Aegean islands, 19

in Balkans, 33

and capture of Constantinople, 22–3

and Chioggia War, 38

counterfeit coinage, 247

and fourth crusade, 22

import taxes in Anatolia, 253

loss of Constantinople (1261), 28

mercantile inﬂuence, 26, 35

and Nicaea, 25

and Ottoman navy, 224

Ottoman war (1423–30), 224

in Peloponnese, 41

relations with Byzantium, 12, 16, 18, 19,

relations with Genoa, 27, 35

relations with Ottomans, 45, 46, 130, 136

renewal of commercial privileges (1302),

trade, and grain trade, 240

trade treaties with Seljuks, 261, 262

trade with Turks, 262

treaty with Genoa (1232), 27

treaty with Navarrese (1387), 41

Verria (Karaferya, Verroia)

Ottoman conquest of (1387), 150

Seljuk Turks in, 141

Vidin

mosque, 177

North Bulgarian principality, 140

vilayet (territorial unit), 197

villages

fortiﬁcation of, 236

markets, 369

origins of, 365

popular Suﬁsm in, 390

Sunniism in, 385

and villagers, 370–2

Vira see Ferecik

Vize, castle of, mescid, 190

Vize, Thrace, Fatih Cami, 159

5 20

Cambridge University Press

978-0-521-62093-2 - Byzantium to Turkey, 1071-1453

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vojnici (Balkan Slav lesser nobility), 215

Vryonis, Speros, 403

warfare

akıncıs (raiders), 205

at battle of Ankara (1402), 130

at battle of Nikopolis (1396), 130

at battle of Varna (1444), 137

entrenchments, 221

ﬁeld battles, 220–2

military resources, 107–8

nomadic tradition, 192

Ottoman, 220–6

revenue allotments to fund army, 129

ruler’s ‘military retinue’, 192–4

sedentary, 107, 121

siege, 129, 196, 218, 222–3

Turkoman, 235–6

Turkoman burnt earth tactics, 234

Wagenburg-tactic, 218, 221

see also Ottoman army

weapons

armament, 217–19

artillery, 49, 218–19

ﬁrearms, 218–19

imported, 219n.119, 241, 241n.99

janissaries, 208

Ottoman, 194

of timariots, 201

war-axes, halberds and pick-axe (k

unk),

218

Weigand, T., 338

weights and measures, 229, 245–6

William I of Sicily (1154–66), 18

William II of Sicily (1166–89), 19

William II Villehardouin, 30

William of Rubruck, tax farm on alum, 257

William of Tyre, 235n.46, 252

William of Villehardouin, of Achaia, 28

chronicler of Fourth Crusade, 147

wine production, Anatolia, 239, 372

wine trade, 239

Wittek, Professor Paul, 103

Wladislaw Jagiello, king, Crusade of Varna

(1444), 190

women

political intrigues in Anatolia, 74

as royal patrons, 319, 320

wood

for buildings, 317

in decoration, 318

woodcarving, 346–51

craftsmen, 347–8

inlays, 346

reliefs, 347

tongue and groove construction

undekari), 347

Yabanlu Pazarı, market, 369

Yahs¸i Bey, son of Murad I, as patron, 320

Yakub b. Alis¸ir, beylik of Germiyan, 113, 300,

411

Yakub C¸ elebi, son of Murad I, as patron, 320

Yakub Pas¸a, Turkish commander, 43

Yambol, Bulgaria

bedestan (covered market), 157

Eski Cami, 165–6

Old Mosque, 158

Ottoman siege of (1370), 165

Yarıcani, Karamano

gulları S¸ahnamesi, 417

yaya (infantry), 212–13

archers, 207, 213

conversion to m

usellem (mounted

infantry), 213

and janissaries, 206

recruitment of, 212

Yazd, Seljuks of, 86

Yazıcızade Ali, translator, 410

Yazıc¸o

glu Ali, Ottoman scholar, 135, 141

Yazid I, Ummayad caliph, 387

Yazidi, 361

Yazidism, 361, 387

Yeni Han, on Tokat–Sivas road, 316

Yenice-i Karasu, Ottoman tax register and

census (1528), 149

Yenice-i Vardar

hamam, 166

Ottoman town, 159

Yenis¸ehir, 120

Yenis¸ehir (Larissa)

imaret, 173

mosque, 172–3

Ottoman colony, 153

git Bey, Pas¸a

family of, uc status, 205

at Skopje, 151,

184

Yozgat, district, Mongol settlement, 365

Yunus Emre, Suﬁ poet, 397–8, 408, 417

Divan,

398

Risalat al-Nushiyye/Risalet

u’n-Nushiyye, 398

uks (nomadic Turks), 213–14

settlements in Macedonia, 154, 213

Yusuf b. Fakih, craftsman, 348

Yusuf b. Said el-Sicistani, scholar (d. 1241–2),

384, 414

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Cambridge University Press

978-0-521-62093-2 - Byzantium to Turkey, 1071-1453

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Zaccaria family, merchants, 242

Zachariadou, Elisabeth, 141

Zagora, Thrace, 150

Zagora (Za

gra Eskihisar)

Eski Cami, 170, 281

Zahhak Enthroned, 335

Zakynthos, Norman occupation, 21

zaviyes, 188, 259, 297, 377

Bursa, 160, 276

Edirne, 295

Iznik, 294

Karaman, 269

Manisa, 271

Tokat, 160