Dunn D. War and Society in Medieval and Early Modern Britain
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War and Society
in Medieval and Early Modern Britain
War and Society
in Medieval and Early Modern Britain
edited by Diana Dunn
LIVERPOOL UNIVERSITY PRESS
First published 2000 by
Liverpool University Press
4 Cambridge Street
Liverpool
L69 7ZU
Copyright © Liverpool University Press 2000
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,
photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the
publishers.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A British Library CIP record is available
ISBN 0 85323 875 8 hardback
ISBN 0 85323 885 5 paperback
Typeset by Northern Phototypesetting Co. Ltd, Bolton, UK
Printed and bound in the European Union by Bell & Bain Ltd, Glasgow
Illustrations vii
Contributors viii
Abbreviations ix
Introduction
Diana Dunn 1
The Reporting of War in the Middle Ages
Christopher Allmand 17
The Naming of Battlefields in the Middle Ages
Philip Morgan 34
Civil War and Ecclesiastical Peace in the Reign of King Stephen
Paul Dalton 53
Earls and Earldoms during King Stephen’s Reign
Graeme White 76
The Impact of ‘Foreign’ Troops in the Civil Wars of King
Stephen’s Reign
Matthew Bennett 96
Sir John Fastolf, John Lord Talbot and the Dispute over Patay:
Ambition and Chivalry in the Fifteenth Century
Hugh Collins 114
The Queen at War: The Role of Margaret of Anjou in the
Wars of the Roses
Diana Dunn 141
Caricaturing Cymru: Images of the Welsh in the London
Press 1642–46
Mark Stoyle 162
Contents
‘One of the Goodliest and Strongest Places that I Ever Looked
Upon’: Montgomery and the Civil War
Peter Gaunt 180
Index 205
vi Contents
Cover Illustration:
An army on the move, from The Three Kings’ Sons, an English
Romance, c.1480 (British Library, Harley MS 326, f. 90, reproduced
by permission of the British Library). The editor acknowledges with
gratitude the help of Pamela Porter of the Department of Manuscripts,
British Library, in the selection of the cover illustration.
Figure 1
The Welch Man’s Inventory (1641–42), British Library Vol:
tract 31, 1641 (reproduced by permission of the British Library 169
Figure 2
Montgomery town and castle as they may have looked in 1644,
from John Speed’s Theatre of Great Britain, first published in
1611–12 182
Figure 3
A possible reconstruction of the Battle of Montgomery,
18 September 1644 (plan drawn by Peter Gaunt) 186
Illustrations
Christopher Allmand is Emeritus Professor of Medieval History,
University of Liverpool.
Matthew Bennett is a Senior Lecturer at the Royal Military
Academy Sandhurst.
Hugh Collins is an independent scholar.
Paul Dalton is Reader in History, Liverpool Hope University College.
Diana Dunn is Senior Lecturer in History, Chester College of Higher
Education.
Peter Gaunt is Reader in History, Chester College of Higher
Education.
Philip Morgan is Senior Lecturer in History, University of Keele.
Mark Stoyle is Lecturer in History, University of Southampton.
Graeme White is Head of History, Chester College of Higher
Education.
Contributors
BIHR Bulletin of the Institute of Historical Research
BL British Library, London
CCR Calendar of Close Rolls
CPR Calendar of Patent Rolls
DNB Dictionary of National Biography, eds L. Stephens
and S. Lee, 22 vols (1908–9)
EHR English Historical Review
Gesta Stephani Gesta Stephani, edited and translated by K.R. Potter,
with a new Introduction by R.H.C. Davis (Oxford,
1976)
PRO Public Record Office, London
TRHS Transactions of the Royal Historical Society
VCH Victoria County History
Unless otherwise stated, the place of publication is London.
Abbreviations