Drinkwater J.F. The Alamanni and Rome 213-496 (Caracalla to Clovis)

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Gratian 96, 107, 153, 160, 165, 174,

212, 266, 268, 273, 275, 279,

281, 285, 288, 291, 293, 294,

304, 310–15, 316, 317

‘Great King’ 119, 123, 251, 335–7,

343, 344, 345, 346, 355, 357

Gregory of Tours 318, 319, 321,

323, 324, 332, 334, 335,

337, 348

Groß-Gerau 130, 224, 243

‘Großgeho

fte’ 105

Großkrotzenburg 111, 249

Großkuchen 85 n. 28

‘Grubenha

user’ 86, 89

Gundioc 355, 357

Gundomadus 96, 101, 104, 117,

119, 121, 156, 204, 206, 210,

222, 229, 234, 239

Guntiarius 325

nzburg 132, 181, 183

Gurkhas 173 n. 183

Haarhausen 36, 92, 93, 140 n. 144

Hadrian 28

Hagenbach 70, 78

Hanhavaldus 116

Hariobaudes 117, 119, 149, 153,

154, 159, 246, 248, 250

Hariobaudus 143, 247, 248,

249

Hariulfus 116

Harting 127

Haßleben-Leuna 73, 81

head-hunting 121

Hechingen-Stein 84 n. 25

‘Heerhaufen’ 64 n. 118

‘Heerlager’ 104

Heidelberg 52 n. 57, 133 n. 102,

243, 288, 293

Heidenheim 84 n. 25

‘Heidenmauer’ 305, 309

Helena, wife of Julian 215

‘Hell’s Angels’ 62

Helvetii 12

hendinos 109

Hermogenes 282

Hermunduri 16, 22

‘Herrschaftszentren’ 95, 98, 101,

104, 114, 173, 343

Herten 339

Heruli 180

hill-sites 82, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97,

98, 99, 100, 101, 103, 104, 105,

106, 125, 126, 128, 131, 140,

173, 246, 287, 288, 303, 314,

337, 343, 346

Historia Augusta 72, 76, 82, 160,

174

Hofheim 32

‘Ho

hensiedlungen’: see hill-sites

Honoratianus 53

Honorius 162, 170, 318, 320, 322,

325, 354

Horbourg 295, 312

horn 92

Hornstaad 91 n. 57, 338

horse-burials 340, 343

Hortarius, king 117, 119, 120, 138,

224, 236, 240, 243, 245, 246,

247, 248, 249, 250, 251, 252,

271, 291

Hortarius, Roman oYcer 150–1,

154, 159, 284

hostages

Alamanni 119, 137, 138, 139,

152, 154, 157, 161, 251, 281,

282, 292, 293, 303

Romans 137–9, 243, 247, 251,

278, 331, 332, 366

Houbirg 94

Wngen 256

Hunimundus 331, 335

398 Index

Huns 84 n. 27, 108, 176 n. 199,

218, 315, 329, 330, 338,

340, 343

Iazyges 28

Igstadt 134 n. 107

Iller 130, 133, 192, 212, 256, 293,

295, 329

Illingen 133 n. 102

Illyricum 176, 199, 275, 285

imperium 299, 300

industry 92

Ingenuus 54, 55

Irgenhausen 295

iron 85, 90, 92, 133, 245,

338

irrigation 93

Isauria 281

Isny 295

Italy 28, 31, 50, 52, 53, 54, 56, 70,

72, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 81, 99,

132, 155, 162, 168, 176, 183,

192, 193, 194, 196, 199, 201,

202, 203, 205, 206, 207, 208,

210, 221, 224, 225, 227, 228,

270, 271, 283, 296, 315, 316,

318, 321, 322, 324, 326, 329,

334, 344, 345, 356

Iuthungi/Iouthungi 53, 54, 55,

56, 57, 58, 59, 78, 79, 81,

125, 136, 143, 159, 161,

163, 164, 242, 315, 317,

325, 350

and Alamanni 61, 62, 65, 77

and Aurelian 58–61, 72, 73,

74–7

location 100

name 59, 60, 62, 65, 67

origins 57–63

and Semnones 67

‘Iuthungia’ 69

Jagsthausen 35, 36, 84 n. 25, 110,

338

Jerome 313, 321, 323

Jordanes 331

Josephus 25

Jovian 150, 266, 270, 271

Jovinus 108, 268, 269, 273, 276,

277, 278, 324, 325, 330

Julian 9, 85, 90, 96, 107, 110, 111,

116, 117, 120, 123, 132, 133,

134, 137, 138, 141, 144, 148,

149, 151, 153, 155, 156, 159,

164, 165, 166, 167, 170, 174,

176, 178, 179, 181, 195, 200,

202, 208, 209, 211, 212, 214,

215, 217–65, 266, 270, 271,

272, 273, 275, 276, 277, 279,

280, 283, 288, 297, 300, 301,

302, 303, 304, 306, 308, 309,

317, 324, 357

lich 327

Jutland 30

Kaiseraugst 88, 89, 129, 147, 157,

176, 192, 204, 206, 210, 225,

229, 251, 254, 255, 256, 260,

339

Kalkriese 39

Karlsruhe 240 n. 144

Kastel 132, 286, 305, 306, 309, 364

Kellmu

nz 99, 157, 212

Kennoi 43, 50, 51 n. 45

kings 117, 118, 119, 120, 122, 123,

124, 126, 132, 135, 143, 146,

149, 150, 151, 154, 155, 157,

161, 163, 169, 170, 172, 173,

174, 182, 191, 204, 220, 225,

226, 228, 236, 238, 239, 240,

243, 247, 248, 251, 252, 259,

260, 262, 263, 268, 271, 278,

281, 283, 284, 286, 290, 292,

Index 399

kings (contd.)

300, 308, 310, 311, 314, 316,

318, 319, 320, 323, 325, 331,

334, 335, 337, 343, 344, 345,

350, 352, 353 and n. 198, 354,

355; see also ‘Great King’

Kinzig 223

Kocher 110, 112, 134

ngen 84 n. 25

Kossinna, Gustaf 5

Kraichgau 243

Kreuznach 295

nzing 331

Lactantius 193

Ladenburg 84 n. 25, 243, 288, 292,

293, 295, 338 n. 107

laeti 162, 165 n. 142, 166–9, 171,

225, 229, 233, 254, 351

Lahn 20, 34, 35, 38, 39, 41

Lahnau 35

Lancionae 194

Langres 187, 189, 192, 264

largitio 366

Latin, military 157

Latinus 146, 147, 148, 151, 153,

156, 157, 176, 204, 207

Lauchheim 85 n. 28

LauVen 84 n. 25, 92 n. 67, 98

leather 92

Lech 108

Lentienses 6, 96, 107, 122, 123, 126,

160, 165, 172, 173, 174, 176,

207, 209, 212, 222, 304, 310,

311, 312, 313, 314

lentils 91

Libanius 117, 133, 137, 138, 139,

147, 148, 225, 228, 229, 231, 233,

234, 238, 240, 258, 259, 260, 261

Libino 255, 256, 260, 262, 263, 276

Licinius 151, 191, 194, 197, 198

limes

Danube-Iller-Rhine 133, 192,

212, 293, 295

Upper German/Raetian 32, 33,

35, 39, 41, 43, 50, 52, 56, 57, 70,

79, 80, 81, 85, 86, 97, 110, 111,

114, 116, 124, 130, 131, 190,

192, 241, 249, 307, 309, 338

as synonym for defended frontier

line 32 n. 118

Limigantes 217

limitanei 150

Lingones 23, 187

Linz 209

Linzgau 122, 172, 209, 314

Lollius 15

Lombards 45, 346

London 187

Lopodunum: see Ladenburg

Lorch 33

Lorraine 10

ludi Alamannic i 199

Ludwigshafen 289

Lupicinus 246, 253

Lupus of Troyes 332

lusoriae 297, 302

Luxembourg 10

Lyon 166, 191, 201, 203, 225, 233,

315, 364

Lyon medallion 191, 364–7

Macrianus II, emperor 55

Macrianus, king 98, 107, 109, 117,

119, 124, 143, 149, 150, 155

n. 82, 161, 173, 174, 247, 248,

249, 250, 283, 284, 285, 286,

287, 294, 298, 303–9, 318, 337,

353, 358, 360

magister

equitum 149, 207, 214, 224,

246, 268

400 Index

militum 267, 325, 331

oYciorum 158, 267

peditum 148, 203, 214, 225, 284

utriusque militiae 162

Magnentius 122, 130, 131, 137, 138,

139, 147, 155, 165, 176, 201,

202, 203, 205, 207, 210, 213,

217, 240, 259, 264, 273, 301

Magnus Maximus 165, 315, 317,

318

Main 43, 48, 50, 65, 68, 80, 83, 85,

86, 97, 99, 106, 107, 110, 111,

112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 123,

125, 130, 132, 135, 138, 141,

143, 174, 190, 191, 224, 226,

227, 241, 248, 249, 252, 264,

287, 304, 306, 307, 309, 324,

330, 338, 346

as east-west route 36, 51, 99, 112,

114, 115, 190, 241, 248, 250,

264, 287, 304, 306, 330

lower 83, 86, 115, 122, 144, 174,

213

middle 50, 97, 100, 106, 111, 112,

114, 173, 174, 249

upper 113, 114

Mainschleife-bei-Urphar 94, 114

Mainz 26, 100, 107, 108, 112, 114,

127, 129, 132, 161, 174, 181,

192, 201, 219, 220, 222, 226,

227, 231, 240, 243, 246, 247,

248, 249, 281, 286, 288, 295,

305, 306, 308, 309, 320, 324,

325, 364, 367

Majorian 331

Mallobaudes 107, 155 n. 83, 174,

311, 313, 318, 353

Mamertinus 195, 258, 259

Mannheim-Neckarau 292 and

n. 169, 293, 295, 302

Mannus 65

Marcellus 214, 221, 224, 225, 227,

228, 234

Marcomanni 16, 18, 28, 30, 31, 68,

171

Marcomannia 68

Marcomannic Wars 28–31, 41, 78

Marcomeres 318

Marcus Aurelius 20, 28, 29, 30, 31,

57, 78

Marne 242, 268, 270, 278

Maroboduus 18, 20

Marseille 193

Matribus Suebis Ieuthungabus 66

n. 125

Mattiaci 26, 171, 172, 175

Mauri 171

Maxentius 193, 196

Maxima Sequanorum 128, 183

Maximian 44, 79, 180, 181, 183,

186, 188, 190, 191, 192, 193,

196, 218, 246, 364, 366

Maximinus 51

Mecklenburg 45

Mederichus 119, 155

Mengen 85 n. 28, 89, 92, 98, 135,

290

Merogaisus 191

Merovingian dynasty 107, 124, 125,

169, 330, 335, 337, 340, 346,

347, 348, 349, 355

Metaurus 72, 76

Meuse 200, 226

migration 7, 9, 29, 30, 43, 44, 46, 48,

61, 63, 77, 109, 113, 262, 324

and n. 23, 327, 329, 330, 332,

338, 339, 343, 366

Milan 55, 57, 186, 203, 205, 207,

208, 210, 214, 220, 266, 267,

270, 316, 318, 320

Miltenberg 33, 111, 130, 249

‘Mischzivilisation’ 40, 348–57

Index 401

Mons Piri 280, 282, 285, 292, 303

Moosrasen 91 n. 57, 338

Moselle 78, 270, 293

Mundelsheim 79

munimentum Traiani 226

Murg 230 n. 87

Mursa, battle of 147, 148, 201, 203

mustard 91

Nacolia 148

Nannienus 311, 313

natio 7

natural resources, Roman

exploitation of 32, 82, 85, 130,

133, 140, 199, 234, 244–5, 263,

292

Naunheim 35

Nazarius 194, 195, 197

Neckar 32, 33, 83, 86, 112, 144, 160,

222, 224, 249, 280, 282, 285,

287, 290, 292, 293, 294, 300,

337, 343

lower 86, 252, 338

middle 83, 88, 224, 238, 338, 342,

346

upper 130, 224, 238

Nero 21, 22, 24

Nerva 27

Netherlands 9

Neupotz 70, 78

Neuss 327

Nicaea 150, 191

Nida-Heddernheim 85

Nidda 116

Niederbieber 53

nobles 118, 120, 122, 154, 163, 239,

261–2, 282, 293, 346, 356, 359

rdlinger Ries 83

Noricum 331, 335, 345, 346

North Sea 282

notarius 255

Notitia Dignitatum 82, 122, 161,

166, 168, 170, 171, 172, 175,

320, 328

Oberhausbergen 237

Octavian: see Augustus

Odenwald 97, 99, 287

Odovacer 334, 344, 355

OVenburg 94

hringen 110, 130, 131, 134, 135

optimates: see nobles

Orcistus 198

Orosius 109 n. 167, 319

Ortenau 240 n. 144

Osterburken 36, 84 n. 25, 338

Ostrogoths 332, 337, 344, 346

pagus 119, 120, 122, 123, 126, 142,

143, 157, 172, 174, 176, 202, 207,

221, 222, 224, 234, 238, 240,

246, 249, 284, 293, 315, 358

Palmyra 77

Panegyrics, Latin 180–95

Pannonia 18, 19, 72, 76, 141, 296,

311, 330

Paris 226, 242, 253, 255, 267, 268,

269, 273, 275, 355

Parthia 28, 30

Passau 331, 336

Pavia 76, 77, 197

Persia 51, 52, 53, 54, 77, 150, 182,

188, 208, 246 n. 180, 249, 253,

266, 271, 288 n. 135, 361

Petronius Maximus 331

Petulantes 255, 260

Peutinger Table 132, 312

Philagrius 255, 261

Philippopolis 269

Piacenza 76

Picts 253, 279

plants 91

402 Index

plebs, Alamannic 121

Pleidelsheim 338 n. 107, 342, 347

Pliny the Elder 108

plough 90

Po 55, 71, 76, 167, 169, 210,

213, 283

Poemenius 213, 214

Pola 208

pollen 39, 91, 128, 338

population 14, 30, 39 n. 147, 49, 81,

82, 85, 89, 91, 93, 120, 121, 126,

127, 128, 131, 134, 136, 140,

141–4, 154, 166, 169, 171, 172,

188, 189, 217, 237, 238, 278,

334, 338, 344, 351, 354, 361

residual Roman 85, 111, 128,

131, 126–36, 139, 171, 301,

306 n. 251, 356

populus, Alamannic 121

postliminium 269, 278

Postumus 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 70,

73, 78, 163, 274

pottery 339

hand-formed 92, 93

wheel-thrown 36, 38, 92

power centres: see

‘Herrschaftszentren’

praefectus laetorum 166

Priarius 117, 311, 314

prisoners (Alamannic and Roman):

see hostages

Probus 79, 108, 110, 160, 174

Procopius 142, 148, 149, 150, 267,

268, 273, 274, 275, 277

protector domesticus 147

Ptolemy, geographer 108, 312

Quadi 28, 30, 31, 57, 242,

284, 285

quarrying 130, 133

Quintillus 71

racism 2 n. 7

Radagaisus 321, 324

Raetia 122, 162, 172, 182, 186, 207,

210, 211, 220, 242, 255, 256,

262, 263, 282, 283, 295, 303,

315, 331, 344, 346

Raetovarii 99, 122, 123, 126, 161,

170, 173, 212

raiding 7, 9, 14, 15, 16, 19, 21, 24,

26, 27, 28, 30, 31, 32, 33, 41, 48,

49, 50, 51, 52, 55, 57, 61, 63, 67,

68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78,

80, 81, 104, 107, 108, 121, 125,

127, 128, 138, 139, 143, 146,

160, 163, 164, 166, 169, 189,

191, 193, 201, 204, 207, 208,

210, 213, 214, 230, 233, 238,

241, 248, 250, 255, 257, 261,

262, 263, 264, 267, 268, 273,

276, 281, 284, 285, 286, 287,

296, 297, 302, 304, 305, 306,

307 n. 255, 308, 310, 313, 315,

318, 323, 327, 331, 334, 335,

357, 360, 366

Rando 281, 286, 287, 304, 305, 307

Rauracum: see Kaiseraugst

Ravenna 227, 318, 329

rector scutariorum 148

Regalianus 54, 55

Regensburg-Harting 79

Regnitz 48, 50, 62, 65, 68, 114

regnum 119, 121, 237, 358

Reichenbach 133

‘Reihengra

ber’ 340, 341, 347, 351

Reims 212, 214, 219, 222, 225,

227, 267, 269, 273, 277, 278,

279, 348

Reisberg 94

religion 117, 155, 358

Remigius 348

Renningen 338 n. 107

Index 403

Respendial 323

Rheinbrohl 35

Rheinzabern 220

Rhine 10, 43, 46, 50, 52, 55, 57, 63,

65, 68, 70, 78, 79, 80, 82, 83, 85,

86, 89, 93, 98, 99, 101, 103, 105,

106, 107, 108, 109, 112, 115,

122, 125, 130, 131, 132, 133,

134, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140,

141, 144, 150, 157, 164, 166,

167, 171, 174, 176, 177, 179,

180, 181, 183, 186, 187, 189,

191, 192, 195, 196, 197, 198,

199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204,

205, 208, 211, 212, 214, 215,

217, 218, 219, 221, 222, 224,

225, 227, 228, 229, 230, 231,

233, 235, 240, 241, 242, 243,

246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 252,

254, 256, 259, 261, 263, 265,

266, 270, 271, 272, 274, 278,

280, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285,

287, 289, 290, 292, 293, 295,

296, 297, 300, 301, 302, 303,

305, 309, 310, 311, 312, 314,

318, 319, 320, 322, 323, 324,

325, 326, 327, 328, 329, 331,

332, 338, 339, 343, 347, 348,

349, 350, 351, 354, 357, 360,

361, 362, 363, 364, 366

High 10, 79, 88, 133, 134, 176,

192, 204, 205, 206, 207, 256,

295, 304, 313

Lower 10

lower 352

Middle 10, 346

middle 98, 108, 330

Upper 10, 55, 86, 131, 133, 162,

189, 192, 205, 213, 217, 218,

219, 221, 255, 295, 307, 310, 312

upper 211

Rhine-knee 201

Rhine-Weser Germani 35, 36, 39,

40, 50, 68, 85, 106, 112

Ricimer 325

roads 85, 86, 90, 99, 129, 132,

135, 222, 223, 225, 226, 229,

230, 237, 241, 243, 249, 256,

294, 307

Robur 284, 285, 295, 303

Roman aggression against

Germani 8, 16, 18, 19, 21, 22,

26, 27, 30, 31, 38, 41, 235, 236,

239, 240, 241, 242, 254, 260,

264, 279, 288, 293, 308, 313,

314, 317, 360

Roman exploitation of Germani 8,

9, 11, 12, 13, 16, 19, 20, 21, 27,

31, 41, 50, 79, 81, 83, 89, 99,

103, 109, 119, 173, 178, 184,

188, 192, 193, 194, 195, 198,

199, 200, 202, 205, 206, 228,

237, 243, 246, 251, 253, 254,

259, 260, 263, 264, 273, 274,

276, 279, 289, 291, 296, 299,

300, 302, 310, 313, 314, 316,

317, 360, 361

Romanization 32 n. 118, 157, 348,

350, 358

Rome 55, 71, 73, 78, 227, 242

Rottenburg 130, 287

Rottweil 130, 222, 257, 294

Rugi 331, 334

Runder Berg 92 n. 67, 93, 95, 96,

97, 98, 102 n. 121, 130 n. 82,

346

Saalburg 53

Sabinus 23, 25, 26

Salians: see Franks

salt 22, 109, 110, 114, 134, 245

Sanctio: see Bad Sa

ckingen

404 Index

Sao

ne 267

Sarmatia 118, 168, 186, 197, 198,

199, 217, 242

Sassanids 51

Saturninus 27

Saverne 225, 235, 236

Savoy 108, 325, 327 n. 43

Saxons 164, 179, 200, 202, 222, 279,

283, 285, 331, 332, 334, 352

Scandinavia 49

Scarponne 268

Schaan 295

Scheldt 187, 364

Scheßlitz 94

‘SchiVsla

nden’: see beaching areas

Schleitheim 85 n. 28, 127 n. 69, 130

schola 147, 148

Schwa

bisch-Hall 110

Scots 253, 279

Scudilo 146, 148, 151, 153, 157,

176, 204, 207

scurra 307 n. 255

scythe 90

Sebastianus 282

Seine 186

Seligenstadt 130, 224

Seltz 220

Semnones 43, 53, 57, 58, 59, 60,

65, 66

Senon 220, 224, 227

Sens 220

Serapio 117, 119, 123, 155, 236,

239, 240, 243, 252, 254

service, military 25, 73, 75, 103,

115, 122, 123, 131, 135,

145–76, 188, 203, 204, 206,

212, 239, 254, 297, 303, 309,

314, 319, 320, 322, 324,

327–9, 339, 341, 343 n. 136,

348, 350, 353, 356, 358,

359, 360

men 159–76

oYcers 146–59

Severianus 267, 276, 277

Severinus 331, 334

Severus, general under Julian 225,

233, 243

Severus, general under Valentinian I

284, 307

Severus Alexander 51

Severus, Septimius 32

ships/shipping 116, 225, 230, 233,

234, 235, 241, 245, 247, 252,

256, 257, 262, 285, 289, 295,

297, 300, 301, 328, 357

Sidonius Apollinaris 331, 332, 334,

355

Sigibert 332, 335

Silvanus 138, 151, 152, 153, 159,

203, 208, 211, 212, 213, 214,

215

sinistus 109

‘Sippe’ 7

Sirmium 197, 198, 240, 312, 315,

316

Skolidoas 148

skull-deformation 330

slavery 128, 133, 135, 136–40, 222,

278, 307

Socrates, historian 315

Soissons 354

Solicinium 96, 281, 285, 288

solidus 195, 196, 197, 198, 199

Sontheim 85 n. 28, 92, 98

sovereignty, Roman 132, 190, 224,

299, 301, 329

Sozomen 315

Spain 150, 256, 321, 323, 326

spathae 341, 342

Speyer 220, 243, 249, 295

Splu

gen 209

Sponeck 175, 295, 314 n. 294, 328

Index 405

StaVelberg 94

StaVelstein 94

‘Stamm’ 7

Steigerwald 97, 99

Stilicho 145 n. 6, 152 n. 68, 161,

162, 170, 318, 319, 320, 321,

322, 324

Stockstadt 116, 130, 224

Strasbourg 126, 189, 219, 223, 225,

229, 230, 231, 233, 235, 237,

240 n. 144, 252, 320

battle of 118, 139, 141, 142, 156,

160, 176, 220, 224, 225, 226,

227, 228, 231, 237, 239, 240,

242, 243, 247, 248, 252, 276,

277, 278, 297

Stuttgart 129

Suebi 43, 46, 48, 57, 59, 65, 160,

168, 242, 321, 323, 324, 331,

335, 344, 350

‘Danubian’ 168

‘Neckar’ 40 n. 152

Suebia/Swabia 46, 48

Suetonius 15, 21, 27

Sugambri 15, 16

Sulpicius Alexander 318

Sulz 222

lzdorf 38

Sunno 318

Suomarius 117, 138, 224, 236, 240,

243, 245, 247, 251, 252

Switzerland 10, 52, 201, 347

Swiss Plateau 206

swords 49, 82, 213, 225, 341, 342;