Дибров М.В., Кузьменко Н.Г., Журавлев А.А. Маршрутизаторы
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r2#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 200
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
2 10.93.1.18 Se0/1/0 11 01:08:07 1 200 0 50
1 10.93.1.2 Se0/0/1 10 01:09:20 1 200 0 36
0 172.16.0.1 Se0/0/0 10 01:13:01 1 200 0 24
Шаг 5
Посмотрите таблицу топологии сети построенную маршрутизатором.
r2#show ip eigrp topology
IP-EIGRP Topology Table for AS(200)/ID(10.95.1.2)
Codes: P - Passive, A - Active, U - Update, Q - Query, R - Reply,
r - reply Status, s - sia Status
P 10.89.2.80/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.80/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.18 (1794560/28160), Serial0/1/0
via 10.93.1.2 (1797120/30720), Serial0/0/1
P 10.89.2.64/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.64/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.18 (1794560/28160), Serial0/1/0
via 10.93.1.2 (1797120/30720), Serial0/0/1
P 10.89.2.112/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.112/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.18 (1794560/28160), Serial0/1/0
via 10.93.1.2 (1797120/30720), Serial0/0/1
P 10.89.2.96/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.96/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.18 (1794560/28160), Serial0/1/0
via 10.93.1.2 (1797120/30720), Serial0/0/1
P 10.89.2.16/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.16/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.2 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1797120/30720), Serial0/1/0
P 10.93.2.16/28, 1 successors, FD is 2816000
via 172.16.0.1 (2816000/2304000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.93.1.16/28, 1 successors, FD is 1792000
via Connected, Serial0/1/0
P 10.95.2.7/32, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.95.1.4/32, 1 successors, FD is 1920000
via 10.93.1.2 (1920000/128256), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1922560/156160), Serial0/1/0
P 10.89.2.0/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.95.2.6/32, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.95.1.5/32, 1 successors, FD is 1920000
via 10.93.1.18 (1920000/128256), Serial0/1/0
via 10.93.1.2 (1922560/156160), Serial0/0/1
P 10.89.1.0/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.2 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1797120/30720), Serial0/1/0
P 10.89.0.0/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
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via 172.16.0.1 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/0
P 10.95.2.3/32, 1 successors, FD is 2432000
via 172.16.0.1 (2432000/1920000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.95.0.1/32, 1 successors, FD is 1920000
via 172.16.0.1 (1920000/128256), Serial0/0/0
P 10.93.2.0/28, 1 successors, FD is 2816000
via 172.16.0.1 (2816000/2304000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.93.1.0/28, 1 successors, FD is 1792000
via Connected, Serial0/0/1
P 10.95.1.2/32, 1 successors, FD is 128256
via Connected, Loopback0
P 10.89.2.48/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.48/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.2 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1797120/30720), Serial0/1/0
P 10.93.2.48/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.93.1.48/28, 2 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.2 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1794560/28160), Serial0/1/0
P 10.89.2.32/28, 1 successors, FD is 2944000
via 172.16.0.1 (2944000/2432000), Serial0/0/0
P 10.89.1.32/28, 1 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.2 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1797120/30720), Serial0/1/0
P 10.93.2.32/28, 1 successors, FD is 2818560
via 172.16.0.1 (2818560/2306560), Serial0/0/0
P 10.93.1.32/28, 2 successors, FD is 1794560
via 10.93.1.2 (1794560/28160), Serial0/0/1
via 10.93.1.18 (1794560/28160), Serial0/1/0
P 172.16.0.16/28, 1 successors, FD is 2304000
via 172.16.0.1 (2304000/1792000), Serial0/0/0
P 172.16.0.0/28, 1 successors, FD is 1792000
via Connected, Serial0/0/0
По информации из таблицы топологии видно, что для большого
количества сетей получателей имеются альтернативные маршруты. Почему не
все из этих маршрутов были внесены в таблицу маршрутизации?
Задание 2. Исследование функционирования протокола EIGRP.
В этом задании необходимо с помощью группы команд debug провести
исследование функционирования протокола EIGRP. Для выполнения задания
потребуется последовательно производить операции на двух соседних
маршрутизаторах, например r2 и r4.
Шаг 1
На первом из пары маршрутизаторов включите режим отладки,
процесса обмена всеми служебными пакетами EIGRP. После этого на втором
маршрутизаторе с помощью команды shutdown отключите один из
интерфейсов маршрутизатора. В качестве интерфейса для отключения
следует выбрать пользовательский интерфейс или интерфейс Loopback0.
42
r2#debug eigrp packets
EIGRP Packets debugging is on
(UPDATE, REQUEST, QUERY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY,
SIAREPLY)
*Mar 15 13:40:47.743 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Serial0/1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:47.743 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:47.863 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Serial0/0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:47.863 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:48.279 KRSK: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:48.279 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:49.555 KRSK: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 13:40:49.555 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:50.151 KRSK: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:50.151 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:50.251 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Serial0/0/1
*Mar 15 13:40:50.251 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.695 KRSK: EIGRP: Received QUERY on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.699 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 84/71 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.699 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing ACK on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.699 KRSK: Ack seq 84 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.703 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending ACK on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.703 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/84 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.711 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing REPLY on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
iidbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 77-77
*Mar 15 13:40:51.711 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on Serial0/0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/1 serno 78-78
*Mar 15 13:40:51.711 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on Serial0/1/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/1 serno 78-78
*Mar 15 13:40:51.711 KRSK: EIGRP: Received QUERY on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 101/68 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing ACK on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: Ack seq 101 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: EIGRP: Requeued unicast on Serial0/0/1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on Serial0/0/0 nbr
172.16.0.1 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 78-78
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending ACK on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/101 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: EIGRP: Serial0/0/0 multicast flow blocking cleared
*Mar 15 13:40:51.715 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial0/0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/1 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing UPDATE on Serial0/1/0 nbr
10.93.1.18 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 78-78
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial0/0/0 nbr
172.16.0.1 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending REPLY on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 72/84 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 77-77
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: EIGRP: Serial0/1/0 multicast flow blocking cleared
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial0/1/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/1 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.719 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 75/39 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 79-79
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*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial0/1/0 nbr
10.93.1.18 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 76/101 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: EIGRP: Received ACK on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/75 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: EIGRP: Serial0/0/0 multicast flow blocking cleared
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: EIGRP: Received ACK on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.723 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/72 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.727 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial0/0/1 iidbQ un/rely
0/1 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.727 KRSK: EIGRP: Received ACK on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.727 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/76 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.727 KRSK: EIGRP: Serial0/1/0 multicast flow blocking cleared
*Mar 15 13:40:51.731 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing QUERY on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.731 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending QUERY on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.731 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 77/84 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 79-79
*Mar 15 13:40:51.735 KRSK: EIGRP: Received ACK on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.735 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/77 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.735 KRSK: EIGRP: Serial0/0/1 multicast flow blocking cleared
*Mar 15 13:40:51.739 KRSK: EIGRP: Received REPLY on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.739 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 104/76 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.739 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing ACK on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.743 KRSK: Ack seq 104 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.743 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending ACK on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.743 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/104 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.751 KRSK: EIGRP: Received REPLY on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.751 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 89/77 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.751 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing ACK on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.751 KRSK: Ack seq 89 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.755 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending ACK on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:40:51.755 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/89 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.851 KRSK: EIGRP: Received REPLY on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.851 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 45/75 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.851 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing ACK on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.851 KRSK: Ack seq 45 iidbQ un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.855 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending ACK on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 13:40:51.855 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/45 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.863 KRSK: EIGRP: Enqueueing REPLY on Serial0/1/0 nbr
10.93.1.18 iidbQ un/rely 0/1 peerQ un/rely 0/0 serno 80-80
*Mar 15 13:40:51.867 KRSK: EIGRP: Requeued unicast on Serial0/1/0
*Mar 15 13:40:51.871 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending REPLY on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.871 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 78/104 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ
un/rely 0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1 serno 80-80
*Mar 15 13:40:51.871 KRSK: EIGRP: Received ACK on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:40:51.871 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/78 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/1
Отключите режим отладки запущенный на маршрутизаторе.
44
В нормальном состоянии маршрутизаторы обмениваются только Hello
пакетами, но как только маршрут до одной из сетей становится недоступен,
маршрутизаторы начинают производить рассылку служебных пакетов с целью
поиска альтернативного маршрута.
Шаг 2
Отключите режим отладки, запущенный на маршрутизаторе и после
этого включите отключенный интерфейс.
Шаг 3
Для того чтобы убедиться, что происходящая рассылка служебных
пакетов связана с отключением выбранного интерфейса, повторите Шаг 1 при
включенном детальном режиме отладки служебных пакетов EIGRP.
r2#debug ip eigrp
*Mar 15 13:44:02.023 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming QUERY packet
*Mar 15 13:44:02.023 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.023 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
routing table not updated thru 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 13:44:02.023 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): route
installed for 10.89.1.0 ()
*Mar 15 13:44:02.039 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming QUERY packet
*Mar 15 13:44:02.039 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.043 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
- do advertise out Serial0/0/1
*Mar 15 13:44:02.043 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.043 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
- do advertise out Serial0/0/0
*Mar 15 13:44:02.043 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.047 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.051 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
- do advertise out Serial0/0/1
*Mar 15 13:44:02.051 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.067 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming REPLY packet
*Mar 15 13:44:02.067 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.071 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming REPLY packet
*Mar 15 13:44:02.071 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.179 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming REPLY packet
*Mar 15 13:44:02.179 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 15 13:44:02.179 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
routing table not updated thru 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:44:02.199 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
- not in IP routing table
45
*Mar 15 13:44:02.199 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
Не выключая режима отладки, снова включите отключенный интерфейс.
r2#
*Mar 15 13:51:23.227 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 15 13:51:23.227 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 1794560 - 1280000 514560 SM 28160 - 25600 2560
*Mar 15 13:51:23.227 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): route
installed for 10.89.1.0 ()
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
- do advertise out Serial0/1/0
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 1794560 - 1280000 514560
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
- do advertise out Serial0/0/0
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 1794560 - 1280000 514560
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 metric 1794560 - 1280000 514560
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 15 13:51:23.243 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 1797120 - 1280000 517120 SM 30720 - 25600 5120
*Mar 15 13:51:23.247 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): route
installed for 10.89.1.0 ()
*Mar 15 13:51:23.247 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): 10.89.1.0/28
routing table not updated thru 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 13:51:23.251 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 15 13:51:23.251 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 1797120 - 1280000 517120 SM 30720 - 25600 5120
*Mar 15 13:51:23.263 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Processing
incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 15 13:51:23.263 KRSK: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:200): Int
10.89.1.0/28 M 4294967295 - 1280000 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 1280000
4294967295
Отключите режим отладки, запущенный на маршрутизаторе.
Шаг 4
Исследуйте работу алгоритма DUAL. Повторите Шаг 1 при включенном
режиме отладки алгоритма DUAL.
r2#debug eigrp fsm
EIGRP FSM Events/Actions debugging is on
r2#
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: rcvquery: 10.89.1.0/28 via 10.93.1.2 metric
4294967295/4294967295, RD is 1794560
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: Find FS for dest 10.89.1.0/28. FD is 1794560,
RD is 1794560
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: 10.93.1.2 metric 4294967295/4294967295
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: 10.93.1.18 metric 1797120/30720 found
Dmin is 1797120
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: send REPLY(r1/n1) about 10.89.1.0/28 to
10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: RT installed 10.89.1.0/28 via 10.93.1.18
46
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: Send update about 10.89.1.0/28. Reason:
metric chg
*Mar 15 14:03:23.615 KRSK: DUAL: Send update about 10.89.1.0/28. Reason: new if
*Mar 15 14:03:23.627 KRSK: DUAL: rcvquery: 10.89.1.0/28 via 10.93.1.18 metric
4294967295/4294967295, RD is 1797120
*Mar 15 14:03:23.627 KRSK: DUAL: Find FS for dest 10.89.1.0/28. FD is 1794560,
RD is 1797120
*Mar 15 14:03:23.627 KRSK: DUAL: 10.93.1.18 metric 4294967295/4294967295
*Mar 15 14:03:23.631 KRSK: DUAL: 10.93.1.2 metric 4294967295/4294967295
not found Dmin is 4294967295
*Mar 15 14:03:23.631 KRSK: DUAL: Peer total 3 stub 0 template 3
*Mar 15 14:03:23.631 KRSK: DUAL: Dest 10.89.1.0/28 entering active state.
*Mar 15 14:03:23.631 KRSK: DUAL: Set reply-status table. Count is 3.
*Mar 15 14:03:23.631 KRSK: DUAL: Not doing split horizon
*Mar 15 14:03:23.631 KRSK: DUAL: Going from state 1 to state 3
*Mar 15 14:03:23.659 KRSK: DUAL: rcvreply: 10.89.1.0/28 via 10.93.1.2 metric
4294967295/4294967295
*Mar 15 14:03:23.659 KRSK: DUAL: reply count is 3
*Mar 15 14:03:23.659 KRSK: DUAL: Clearing handle 1, count now 2
*Mar 15 14:03:23.659 KRSK: DUAL: rcvreply: 10.89.1.0/28 via 10.93.1.18 metric
4294967295/4294967295
*Mar 15 14:03:23.659 KRSK: DUAL: reply count is 2
*Mar 15 14:03:23.659 KRSK: DUAL: Clearing handle 2, count now 1
*Mar 15 14:03:23.771 KRSK: DUAL: dest(10.89.1.0/28) active
*Mar 15 14:03:23.771 KRSK: DUAL: rcvreply: 10.89.1.0/28 via 172.16.0.1 metric
4294967295/4294967295
*Mar 15 14:03:23.771 KRSK: DUAL: reply count is 1
*Mar 15 14:03:23.771 KRSK: DUAL: Clearing handle 0, count now 0
*Mar 15 14:03:23.775 KRSK: DUAL: Freeing reply status table
*Mar 15 14:03:23.775 KRSK: DUAL: Find FS for dest 10.89.1.0/28. FD is
4294967295, RD is 4294967295 found
*Mar 15 14:03:23.775 KRSK: DUAL: send REPLY(r1/n1) about 10.89.1.0/28 to
10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 14:03:23.775 KRSK: DUAL: Removing dest 10.89.1.0/28, nexthop
172.16.0.1, infosource 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 14:03:23.775 KRSK: DUAL: Removing dest 10.89.1.0/28, nexthop 10.93.1.2,
infosource 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 14:03:23.775 KRSK: DUAL: Going from state 3 to state 1
*Mar 15 14:03:23.795 KRSK: DUAL: Removing dest 10.89.1.0/28, nexthop
10.93.1.18, infosource 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 14:03:23.795 KRSK: DUAL: No routes. Flushing dest 10.89.1.0/28
Отключите режим отладки запущенный на маршрутизаторе.
47
Задание 3. Исследование механизма балансировки нагрузки.
В этом задании необходимо провести исследование механизма
балансировки нагрузки между маршрутами с равной стоимостью.
Шаг 1
Посмотрите таблицу маршрутизации, обратите внимание на сети, до
которых в таблице маршрутизации находятся да возможных маршрута.
r2#show ip route
.. .. ..
172.16.0.0/28 is subnetted, 2 subnets
D 172.16.0.16 [90/2304000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:20:39, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.0.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 32 subnets, 2 masks
D 10.89.2.80/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:06:21, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.80/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:42, Serial0/1/0
D 10.89.2.64/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:06:21, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.64/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:42, Serial0/1/0
D 10.89.2.112/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:06:22, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.112/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:43, Serial0/1/0
D 10.89.2.96/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:06:22, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.96/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:43, Serial0/1/0
D 10.89.2.16/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:07:53, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.16/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:44, Serial0/0/1
D 10.93.2.16/28 [90/2816000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:10:34, Serial0/0/0
C 10.93.1.16/28 is directly connected, Serial0/1/0
D 10.95.2.7/32 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:06:23, Serial0/0/0
D 10.95.1.4/32 [90/1920000] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:44, Serial0/0/1
D 10.95.2.6/32 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:07:53, Serial0/0/0
D 10.95.1.5/32 [90/1920000] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:44, Serial0/1/0
D 10.89.2.0/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:07:53, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.0/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:44, Serial0/0/1
D 10.89.0.0/28 [90/1794560] via 172.16.0.1, 00:20:41, Serial0/0/0
D 10.95.2.3/32 [90/2432000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:10:34, Serial0/0/0
D 10.95.0.1/32 [90/1920000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:20:41, Serial0/0/0
D 10.93.2.0/28 [90/2816000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:10:34, Serial0/0/0
C 10.95.1.2/32 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 10.93.1.0/28 is directly connected, Serial0/0/1
D 10.89.2.48/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:07:55, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.48/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:45, Serial0/0/1
D 10.93.2.48/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:07:55, Serial0/0/0
D 10.93.1.48/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:47, Serial0/1/0
[90/1794560] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:47, Serial0/0/1
D 10.89.2.32/28 [90/2944000] via 172.16.0.1, 00:07:55, Serial0/0/0
D 10.89.1.32/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:45, Serial0/0/1
D 10.93.2.32/28 [90/2818560] via 172.16.0.1, 00:06:24, Serial0/0/0
D 10.93.1.32/28 [90/1794560] via 10.93.1.18, 00:15:49, Serial0/1/0
[90/1794560] via 10.93.1.2, 00:15:49, Serial0/0/1
Шаг 2
Выберите одну из сетей, до которой в таблице маршрутизации
присутствуют альтернативные маршруты, и добавьте в конфигурацию
маршрутизатора команду access-list 100 permit ip any network-number
wildcard-mask. Например, для сети 10.93.1.32/28 команда будет иметь вид:
access-list 100 permit ip any 10.93.1.32 0.0.0.15.
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Шаг 3
Включите отладчик IP пакетов на маршрутизаторе при помощи
команды debug eigrp packets 100, затем пошлите ping один из адресов
принадлежащий сети, описанной во втором шаге.
r2#debug ip packet 100
IP packet debugging is on for access list 100
r2#ping 10.93.1.33
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.93.1.33, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 1/3/4 ms
r2#
*Mar 22 10:36:03.419 KRSK: IP: tableid=0, s=10.93.1.1 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/0/1), routed via RIB
*Mar 22 10:36:03.419 KRSK: IP: s=10.93.1.1 (local), d=10.93.1.33 (Serial0/0/1),
len 100, sending
*Mar 22 10:36:03.423 KRSK: IP: tableid=0, s=10.93.1.17 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 22 10:36:03.423 KRSK: IP: s=10.93.1.17 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 22 10:36:03.427 KRSK: IP: tableid=0, s=10.93.1.1 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/0/1), routed via RIB
*Mar 22 10:36:03.427 KRSK: IP: s=10.93.1.1 (local), d=10.93.1.33 (Serial0/0/1),
len 100, sending
*Mar 22 10:36:03.427 KRSK: IP: tableid=0, s=10.93.1.17 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/1/0), routed via RIB
*Mar 22 10:36:03.427 KRSK: IP: s=10.93.1.17 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/1/0), len 100, sending
*Mar 22 10:36:03.431 KRSK: IP: tableid=0, s=10.93.1.1 (local), d=10.93.1.33
(Serial0/0/1), routed via RIB
*Mar 22 10:36:03.431 KRSK: IP: s=10.93.1.1 (local), d=10.93.1.33 (Serial0/0/1),
len 100, sending
Отключите режим отладки запущенный на маршрутизаторе.
Как видно из приведенного примера, маршрутизатор осуществляет
отсылку пакетов поочередно и в равных долях по обоим маршрутам.
Задание 4. Настройка аутентификации маршрутизаторов.
В этом задании необходимо провести настройку аутентификации
маршрутизаторов при обмене служебными пакетами протокола EIGRP.
Шаг 1
На всех маршрутизаторах стенда уже настроена ключевая группа AUTH.
Посмотрите ее параметры.
r2# show key chain
Key-chain AUTH:
key 1 -- text "itsapassword"
accept lifetime (always valid) - (always valid) [valid now]
send lifetime (always valid) - (always valid) [valid now]
49
Шаг 2
Настройте аутентификацию маршрутизаторов при обмене
обновлениями маршрутной информации с помощью ключевой группы
AUTH.
Шаг 3
Убедитесь, что механизм аутентификации запущен и работает
правильно.
r2#debug eigrp packets
EIGRP Packets debugging is on
(UPDATE, REQUEST, QUERY, REPLY, HELLO, IPXSAP, PROBE, ACK, STUB, SIAQUERY,
SIAREPLY)
*Mar 15 14:53:32.575 KRSK: EIGRP: received packet with MD5 authentication, key
id = 1
*Mar 15 14:53:32.575 KRSK: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Serial0/1/0 nbr 10.93.1.18
*Mar 15 14:53:32.579 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 14:53:32.783 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Serial0/0/1
*Mar 15 14:53:32.783 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0
*Mar 15 14:53:33.399 KRSK: EIGRP: received packet with MD5 authentication, key
id = 1
*Mar 15 14:53:33.399 KRSK: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Serial0/0/0 nbr 172.16.0.1
*Mar 15 14:53:33.399 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
*Mar 15 14:53:33.671 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Serial0/1/0
*Mar 15 14:53:33.671 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0
*Mar 15 14:53:34.639 KRSK: EIGRP: Sending HELLO on Serial0/0/0
*Mar 15 14:53:34.639 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0
*Mar 15 14:53:34.803 KRSK: EIGRP: received packet with MD5 authentication, key
id = 1
*Mar 15 14:53:34.807 KRSK: EIGRP: Received HELLO on Serial0/0/1 nbr 10.93.1.2
*Mar 15 14:53:34.807 KRSK: AS 200, Flags 0x0, Seq 0/0 idbQ 0/0 iidbQ un/rely
0/0 peerQ un/rely 0/0
Отключите режим отладки запущенный на маршрутизаторе.
r2#show ip eigrp neighbors
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 200
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
2 10.93.1.18 Se0/1/0 14 00:09:41 1 200 0 380
1 10.93.1.2 Se0/0/1 11 00:10:13 1 200 0 87
0 172.16.0.1 Se0/0/0 13 00:11:52 1 200 0 157
50