![](https://cv01.studmed.ru/view/9b46e015ad1/bg4b.png)
genase activity or pH can also be used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of
certain compounds.
The measurement of incorporation of radioactive metabolites is fre-
quently used as a response to short and intermediate duration cytotoxicity.
Measurements of [
3
H]-thymidine incorporation into DNA and [
3
H]-
uridine incorporation into RNA are the two most common methods of
quantifying drug cytotoxicity. Furthermore, [
125
I]-iododesoxyuridine, a
specific and stable label for DNA synthesis, is also employed, as well as
measurements of [
32
P]-phosphate release into medium or incorporation
into nucleotides, in addition to the incorporation of [
14
C]-glucose, [
3
H]-
amino acid, and
45
calcium.
Determination of protein content is a relatively simple method to
estimate cell number. Cytotoxicity can be evaluated by this method from
an alteration in protein accumulation over the time of culture.
In addition, there are several tests that quantify cell number through a
color development in the medium, including assays based on protein
content, DNA content, lysosome and Golgi complex activity, enzymatic
activity, and MTT (3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H tetrazo-
lium bromide) dye reduction.
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36 Animal Cell Technology