Birch Barbara M. English L2 Reading: Getting to the Bottom
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Subject
Index
A
Allophones,
48-53
Alphabetic
writing, 18-23
consonantal systems,
20
opacity,
22
pinyin,
16
romanji,
17
transparency,
20-21
.Alphabetic
principle,
20
Automaticity,
9, 147
B
Benchmark Method,
102-103
Bottom-up
flow of
information,
3, 146
D
Decoding,
5,
7-9,
29,41
Developmental
stages,
8-10,
94-98
Discrimination,
25, 40, 53, 56
English
writing system,
21,78
graphemes,
62
alternations,
167
consonants,
82-84,
152-159
markers,
164-166
vowels,
85-87,
159-164
history,
22-23,
75
morphophonemic writing,
107
pronunciation changes,
110-112
spelling system,
113
phonemic writing,
51
spelling reform,
23
ESIVEFL
learners,
35-37,
55,
81-88,
99,
117,
123-124,
142-144,
146-148
Expert
decision-making system,
7
Graphemic awareness,
40, 62
H
Hangul,
see
Syllabic
writing sample,
19
Hanzza,
see
Logographic
writing
Hebrew writing sample,
21
I
Interactive
(or
balanced) approach,
4
J
Japanese
writing
sample,
18
K
Kana,
see
Syllabic writing
Kanji,
see
Logographic writing
Korean
writing
sample,
19
199
200
SUBJECT
INDEX
Knowledge
base,
2, 53, 62, 131
mental
lexicon,
102
semantic
memory,
102
structures,
2
frames,
94-96
images,
41
schemas,
4, 140
syntax,
5
Psycholinguistic
guessing game meta-
phor,
5-7
Reading rules
and
spelling rules,
77-78
Receding,
5,
7-9,29,
33,41
Logographic
writing, 13-17
M
Morphemes,
106-110,
117-120,
125
Model
of the
reading process,
2, 6, 54,
66,76,95,
116, 133,
149
o
Oral reading,
42
P
Phonemes,
48
consonant descriptions,
43-46
English,
48-53,
169-172
vowel
descriptions,
47-48
Phonemic awareness,
40,
54-55
Phonetics,
42-43
Phonic generalizations,
92-93
Phonics approach,
3, 40, 72, 75,
91-94
Processing strategies,
2, 131
graphemes,
64
lexicon,
5,
29-31,
68,
114-116,
131-137
morphology,
113-117,
121-123
orthography,
5,
29-31
consolidated alphabetic strategy,
95-96
fully
alphabetic strategy,
32-33,
98
meaning-based
or
visual strategy,
29-31,98
partial
alphabetic strategy,
31-32,
98
probabilistic
reasoning,
75-88
reasoning
by
analogy,
95-103
phonology,
5,
29-31,
40,
53-54
Sampling
the
text,
60-61,
70-71
Segmentation,
13, 20, 54
Sinograms,
see
Logographic writing
sample,
16
Skipping words,
128-131
Spelling patterns,
102
Subvocalizing,
41
Suprasegmentals,
52-53
Syllabic
writing,
17-18
Top-down
flow
of
information,
3, 142
Transfer,
10,
24,
29,
33-34,
38, 84,
120-123
facilitation,
29,
33-34,
38
interference,
10,
29,
33-34
V
Vocabulary
acquisition
learner variables,
131-133
lexical
variables,
133-137
strategies
phonological loop, 132,
144-145
keyword,
143-145
w
Whole
language
instruction,
ix, 3, 146
Word
formation
processes,
137-142
Word
Superiority
Effect,
69