Алиев Т.И. Сети ЭВМ и телекоммуникации

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123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

101

BD3C787 C1787, 7 5 C89 AB67 – C89 27B B82BDC

C8C 3 32376 BD3C787 5 27B 727583CC.

2.3.3.1. 35766534C D7F72C CF5 3C62A5

#8 DB1B 4DBE 27BE27D9 5 2BE837, 5BCA7FC 2C 3236743

C2B5 67 7 EB89C3 27DBC, 27BD2C, A7AC C33C

B65323 C178 5 2B33 323674C B A778 5C.

% 2BD33 8473 65BC43 673 B1D ED9 236D7583 5

5C63 CBC6789B1B C1787, 5 ABDB2B B8BCD3897 47D9 CBC6

BBD53DD53D 65BC4B «1», 7 BD2C7D3897 – «0» (2C.2.23,7). 17DBD7

D7AB1B C1787 B236383D 538C4CB ECDB5B1B CD325787

= ,

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7

EB89C3

27DBC

577

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836FCC

BBE3BDC

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C178

2B33

323674C

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7D73D

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BD4D

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CD325787

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–

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47

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123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

102

"BA73 &DB 7 836FC 2C327.

-& 5& 1. "D9 68CD389BD9 ECDB5B1B CD325787

100 , 4DB

BBD53DD53D 2BAB BBEBDC A7787 5C

10 3ECD/.

"B8BC, 4DB 47 2CCA7 7 B6C ECDB5 CD32578 DA9A2$A BD

47B5 32367D4CA7 7 2 . )DB B7473D, 4DB 5 A76B 836F3

ECDB5B CD325783 743C3 B43236B1B ECD7 E63D 4CD7B 7 2  B3

B BDB3C A B3D 4CD57C 743C 2366F31B CD325787,

A7A &DB BA77B 7 2C.2.24.

8639 236B87173D, 4DB 5 74789 B3D 5233C «0» 47

32367D4CA7 C 2CCA7 C2BCC2B57, B&DB 4CD57C3

743C 325B1B ECDB5B1B CD325787 2BCB6D 7 51- 7B3A63,

51 53 55

1 3

25 26

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«0»

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y'(t)

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2.23

y(t)

∆

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

103

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3B3D 4CD57C 743C ECDB5 BD343 D238A7C, 7 C 743C

A77 BDBCD389B 74787 B43236B1B ECDB5B1B CD325787. ,7A 5C6B

C 2CA7, 2C BDDD5CC C2BC7CC 47B5 32367D4CA7 C 2CCA7

3 E63D 4CD7B 743C3 26-1B ECDB5B1B CD325787.

-& 5& 2. "B8BC D3329, 4DB 2C DB 3 68CD389BDC ECDB5B1B

CD325787 5 100  47 2CCA7 7 B6C ECDB5 CD32578 D585!2$A

47 32367D4CA7 7 2 . )DB B7473D, 4DB 5 A76B 836F3 ECDB5B

CD325783 743C3 B43236B1B ECD7 E63D 4CD7B 7 2  2793 B

BDB3C A B3D 4CD57C 743C 2366F31B CD325787, A7A

&DB BA77B 7 2C.2.25. "B83 C2BC7CC 47B5 32367D4CA7 C

2CCA7 4CD57C3 743C 325B1B ECDB5B1B CD325787 2BCB6D

7 49- 7B3A63. ,7A 5C6B C 2CA7, 2C BDDD5CC C2BC7CC

2CCA 6576 4CD73D 743C3 25-1B ECDB5B1B CD325787.

#8 DB1B 4DBE 3 5BCA78C D7AC3 CD7CC, 3BEB6CB

B6632C57D9 C2BC7C 47B5 32367D4CA7 C 2CCA7. %

AB9D327 2C BE33 C2B5C 67C 36 D2BD57C &D7

2BE837 2373D D CB89B57C 6BB8CD389B1B 3C789B1B

A7787, B ABDB2B 32367D D7ADB53 C89, B23638FC3

B3D 5233C, 5 ABDB23 6B87 C7D9 CB27C. +67AB D7AB3

233C3 3 2C383B 2C 3236743 CB27CC 7 EB89C3 27DBC

55C6 5BAB DBCBDC 6BB8CD389B1B «D7ADB5B1B» A7787, 7 D7A3

3B6C7AB5B AB2BDC 272BD273C CB27DC5B1B C1787 C

D7ADB5 C89B5 C-7 3B6B2B6BDC 236 323674C. "B83633

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BBD53DD5F31B C1787, 5 2389D7D3 431B ECD 67 E63D 2BF3

C8C 4CD7 B5DB2B. #8 233C 2BE83 C2BC7CC 5

AB9D32 3D 2C3D 3C7893 3DB6 AB6C2B57C,

B5B8FC3 5B8D9 C2BC7C 47B5 2CCA7 C 32367D4CA7

75DB7DC43AC. 7AC3 AB6 757D A6598E5899E7#"969C.

873DC, 4DB 27BD237 CD7C 5 63D5CD389BDC

BA7573D EB833 8BB, BAB89A  58CD 3 DB89AB 7

D7758C573 2B539 45D5CD389BDC 2CCA7, B C CA77D

B2 CB27DC5B1B C1787. ,2B3 DB1B, A778 5C B65323

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ADB A58B26DB

2.25

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

104

23789 C178 5 DB4A3 2C7 BA7573D 78B BBC 7 CB6

CBC6789 C178 (2C.2.23,5). )DB B3D 2C53DC A DB, 4DB 673

2C 7EB8DB DB4B C2BC7CC 32367D4CA7 C 2CCA7 743C3

C1787 8CEB 2B76D, 38C 31B 2B539 BA73D 393

∆

(2C.2.23,5),

8CEB E63D 4CD7B 3532B3 743C3 (2C. 2.23,1).

#8 DB1B 4DBE 3 5BCA78B D7AC CD7C, 387D389B

2CE8CCD9 B2 32367573B1B CB27DC5B1B C1787 A CB6B

2B1B89B 5C6.

"2C BD3C789B AB6C2B57CC CB6 2B1B89 C178,

BDBE277FC 65BC43 «1» C «0», 583D C63789 D3B23DC43AC

C178B, BE8767FC E3AB34 3AD2B, ABDB2 B8473D

3B236D53B C B28 0293 68 32CB6C43AB ACC. 48C

6CA23D3 673, B6327FC3 B836B57D389BD9 43236FC «1» C

«0», 32367D  ECDB5B AB2BD9 7 ECD/, DB 3AD2 BDBCD C

BDBB BD758F3 835B 47DBD C E3AB34B1B 267 172BCA

 47DBD7C

, ...,

)12(

fif

, ... , 163

–

47DBD7

BB5B

172BCAC

;

= 0, 1, 2,… .

.8CD6

&DC

172BCA

E57D



AB&CC3D7C

1/3, 1/5, , ... ,

)

, ...

78CD6 

BB5B

172BCAC

7AC

BE27B

3AD2

BD3C789B1B

AB67

D23E3D

68

A743D53B

323674C

EB89

B8B

2BA7C

–

236383

275

E3AB34BDC

#3D5CD389B

74783

AB3

D7AB1B

C1787

AB2BD9

C33C

31B

743C

(

532

47DBD7

)

2757

E3AB34BDC

36

CC

AB2BD9

C33C

C1787

(

C

47DBD7

)

2757

8

'37893

C178

BE8767D

B127C43

3AD2B

BE8B583

78C4C3

323631B

7631B

2BD7

BD3C789B1B

C1787

(

2C

.2.26),

AB2BD9

C33C

ABDB2

AB347

B236383D

ED2B63D5C3

&833DB

E7

32367D4CA7

B2C2F31B

BD3C789

C178

+67AB

3236747

D7AB1B

C1787



AB34

3AD2B

BA7573D

2BE837DC4B

C

7

78C4C

3AD23

835B

BD758F3

#38B

DB

4DB

8CCC

5C



EB89B

B8BB

2BA7C

C3D

C

127C

47DBD

74CD389B

BD8C47F

8

!836B57D389B

D7AB

C178

E63D

3236757D9



EB89CC

CA73CC

4DB

7D26CD

31B

5BD7B583C3

7

2CB

AB3

#8

DB1B

4DBE

CD9

3AD2

BD3C789B1B

C1787

3BEB6CB

538C4CD9

C

127C

3AD27

)DB

B3D

ED9

6BDC1DB

72C32

78B3C3

5BAB47DBDB

BD758F3

7

BDB

BD758F

C1787

7A84

36

3236C

76C

2BD7C

BD3C789B1B

C1787

y(t)

"3236C

2BD

876C

2BD

2.26

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

105

#8 DB1B 4DBE 236D75CD9, A7A &DB BB 2378CB57D9,

27BD2C, A7A C33D CBC6789 C178 2C 6BE7583CC

5BAB47DBD 172BCA, 2CE8C7FC B2 32367573B1B C1787

A 2B1B89B. $7 2C.2.27-2.30 BA77 4 5C67 C178B5, ABDB23

B1D CB89B57D9 68 323674C BD3C789B1B AB67, 278C47FC3

AB8C43D5B 172BCA.

$7 2C.2.27 BA77 C178, B6327FC B6 172BCA, ABDB27

7573D 58585 AE658945.

+B57 172BCA7

)(

C33D

47DBD

= , 163

t –

68CD389BD9 ECDB5B1B CD325787, C 78CD6

A =100, 275 2B5

BD3C787 CB6B1B BD3C789B1B AB67

)

(

: )2sin()(

000

fAty

8639 3 BA77 CD32578

∆

5 ABDB2B 743C C1787 50)(

≥

ty .

5D32578

∆

BB 277D2C57D9 A7A BE87D9 ECDB5B1B CD325787, 5

236387 ABDB2B1B  5BAB 532BDBD9 1727DC23D 275C89B3

27B757C3 743C 32367573B1B ECD7.

$7 2C.2.28 BA77 C178, B6327FC 653 172BCAC:

)2sin()2sin()(

11001

fAfAty

163

A =

3ff

,2B3

BB5B

172BCAC

C178

)(

B632CD

3F

B6

CBC6

47DBD7

ABDB2B

277

EB893

78CD67

–

277

393

43



BB5B

172BCAC

+D3DC

4DB

CD32578

∆

ABDB2B

743C

C1787

50)(

≥

ty ,

EB893

43

∆

-871B672

&DB

538C4C573D

532BDBD9

275C89B1B

27B757C

743C

32367B1B

ECD7

7

2CB

AB3

3973D

D23EB57C3

DB4BDC

C2BC7CC

47B5

32367D4CA7

2CCA7

873DC

4DB

&DB

6BDC173D

7

4D

D2A27DB1B

538C43C

3AD27

C1787

A7A

836D5C3

538C43C

D23E3B

B8B

2BA7C

A7787

5C

-150

-100

-50

100

150

∆

2.27

)

(

)(

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

106

$7 2C.2.29 BA77 C178, B6327FC D2C 172BCAC:

)2sin()2sin()2sin()(

2211002

fAfAfAty

163

A =

5 ff

7AC

BE27B

C178

)(

B632CD

3F

B6

CBC6

47DBD7

ABDB2B

27

EB893

78CD67

–

27

393

43



BB5B

172BCAC

CD32578

∆

ABDB2B

743C

C1787

50)(

≥

ty ,

EB893

43

CD32578

∆

7AB3

7

2C

.2.30

BA77

C178

B6327FC

172BCAC

)2sin()2sin()2sin()2sin()(

332211003

fAfAfAfAty

163

A =

7 ff

17DBD7

43D52DB

172BCAC

27

EB893

78CD67

–

27

393

43



BB5B

172BCAC

5D32578

∆

ABDB2B

743C

C1787

50)(

≥

ty ,

EB893

CD325787

∆

-150

-100

-50

100

150

∆

2.29

(

)

-150

-100

-50

100

150

∆

2.28

)(

123456 2. 78549AB2 A565CDEEFC2

107

!8363D BCD9, 4DB 3AD2 C1787 33D 5 75CCBDC BD

32367573 67. $72C32, 3236747 68CB B836B57D389BDC

83 C8C 36CC 65C173D 3AD2 C1787 BD3C789B1B AB67 5 DB2B

CAC 47DBD C 2C5B6CD A B583C 5 C1783 D7A 7573B

55C885 5A3C#"2. % 236389B 8473, AB167 323675733

673 BDBD DB89AB C 36CC (C8C DB89AB C 83), 47DBD7

32367573B1B C1787 E63D 2757 8. "2C 3236743 43236FC

36CC C 83 BDB7 BD758F7 BDDD53D. "B&DB 3AD2

2389DC2F31B C1787 BD3C789B1B AB67 2C 3236743

2BC5B89 67 7C73D B8B BD 3ABDB2B 538C4C, E8CAB A

0 7, 6B, 5 236383, E3AB34BDC. +67AB 7 27ADCA3 532C 23638

3AD27 BE4B B127C4C573D 743CC 3 f

, 5 f

C8C 7f

. 772BCA7C

 47DBD7C 53 7f

BB 233E2349 C-7 C 78B1B 5A8767 5

2389DC2FC C178 – 78CD67 &DC 172BCA BD7583D 11% C

333 BD 78CD6 BB5B 172BCAC.

23EB57C3 BDDD5C BDBB BD758F3, DB 3D9 78C4C

BDBB1B DBA7 36

32367D4CAB C 2C3CAB, 57B D7A3 

2C33C3 D27B27DB2 3 178957C43AB 275AC, ABDB23

3 2BA7D BDB DBA. $3BEB6CBD9 178957C43AB 275AC 5

&83AD2C43AC 8CC 5C BE8B5837 D23EB57C3 7FCD

AB9D32B5 3DC BD 32365C63 CD7C. % 47DBDC, AB2BDAB3

7A7C3 5 B6B C AB9D32B5 3DC 3 6B8B 2C5B6CD9 A 5B6 C

D2B 53 BD789 AB9D32B5, BE936C 36CB &83AD2C43AB

236B 323674C 67.

'7BD233 BBE3BDC 323674C C2B5 C178B5

B5B8D 6387D9 836FC 55B6.

"2C C2B5B 3236743 67 68 5BD7B583C CB6B1B

C1787 D23E3D 393 172BCA, 43 2C 778B1B5B 3236743.

3B8B1C 323674C C 2C37 C2B5 C178B5 B5B83D

5BD7B5CD9 CB6 C178 B BB5B 172BCA3 (3F3), B67AB

68 393C 4C87 BCEBA 3BEB6CB 2CDD5C3 BD E 325B

172BCAC, 4DB, 27567, 5D2B3 538C4C573D 3AD2 32367573B1B C1787

C, 836B57D389B, D23E3B B8B 2BA7C A7787 5C.

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7 A743D5B 323674C 6CA23D 67 (76BD9 C 6BDB532BD9

6BD75AC BBEF3C, 5BBBD9 BE723C C C27583C BCEBA,

DBCBD9 2378C7CC) C 5 74CD389B 323 B23638D D23E3

2BA BBEBD9 236 323674C.

% 5C  &DC, A 3DB67 C2B5B1B AB6C2B57C 236958D

836FC3 &5$2# (2C.2.31):

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3 ECDB5B AB2BDC;

• D4458!C2 98D32 36 32367D4CAB C 2CCAB

C178B5 7 4D 78C4C 5BD57 7BC2BC7CC;

• DA9FA9AB5 D9ADD 9D9A2B6$5;

• 5BBBD9 D28F!5 D%DC C C C27583C;

• 3C2 9ADED9A 852632 3DB67 AB6C2B57C.

 32"# 5&2 &53!6*&!./5 262 B5B83D 2C

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BE93 67 7 36CC 5233C, 72C32, 7 4D 47DBDB1B

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B6B C DB 3 8CCC 5C, 4DB BE334C573D EB833 5BA AB2BD9

323674C 67.

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5C 23DD53D 2BB63C BDBB1B DBA7.

!3AD2 2389DC2F31B C1787 75CCD BD:

• 3DB67 AB6C2B57C (B68CC);

• AB2BDC B68CC, B23638F3 AB2BD9 323674C 67;

• BD757 32367573 67.

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B43236B1B ECDB5B1B CD325787 B3D ED9 2378CB577 7 4D

2C33C 92ED98D38F$9 E5AD4DB CD48DB2. /A77C3

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!7BC2BC7C

+DDD5C3

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8CD9 8EB 23AC 32376 C1787 – D7A 7573 E58.

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C 47DBD7 AB6C2B57B1B C1787 A7A BB EB893 BD8C47879 BD

8, 4DB, BBD53DD53B, 3973D 3AD2 C1787 C 3 23DD53D

2BB63C BDBB1B DBA7 2C 78C4CC D27B27DB2 3

178957C43AB 275AC 5 &83AD2C43AC 8CC 5C.

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AB6C2B57C. +E723C3 BCEAC 7 CC43AB 2B53 &ABBCD

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31B 2C7 5 E32.

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AB8C43D5B 2B53 C1787 – 43 EB893 2B53 C1787, D3 53

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EB833 BFB1B C, 836B57D389B, EB833 6B2B1B1B 2CB-32367F31B

BEB26B57C.

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6BDBCD57C C 36BD7DA7C.

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2.3.3.4. #CD5AF6 C8D9AB36 E5 (RZ)

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C8C 3 31B 47D9 – 2BDB. $7CEB833 2BD 583D D68

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(Return to Zero, RZ), 5 ABDB2B 36CC7 236D75837 C89B B6B

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5) -CB82 AB6 AMI

2.32

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AB6

3) ,B6 D22B535B 323674C MLT-

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