Абрамова Р.Н., Болсуновская Л.М. Нефтегазовое дело. Техническая и профессиональная коммуникация

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UNIT 3 – INTERVIEWING

I.LEAD-IN DISCUSSION

http://www.superjob.ru\test

Здесь Вы сможете пройти тесты, которые помогут Вам лучше понять

себя и окружающих. Эти тесты не претендуют на полноту. К некоторым

нужно относиться с юмором. Надеемся, Вам понравятся те

психологические тесты, которые Вы здесь найдете.

Оценка уровня общительности

Дает возможность определить уровень коммуникабельности человека.

Отвечать на вопросы следует используя три варианта ответов – «да»,

«иногда» и «нет».

Определение уровня самостоятельности

Поможет определить, насколько Вы способны взять на себя

ответственные решения. Есть люди настолько нерешительные, что

пытаются свои проблемы свалить на других. Надеемся, что Вы не

принадлежите к их числу……….

Определение степени мотивации к успеху

Пройдя тест, Вы сможете определить, упорны ли Вы в достижении

своих целей, готовы ли к преодолению любых препятствий.

Определение Вашего стиля работы

Не все одинаково подходят к принятию решения. Если одни действуют

без долгих раздумий, как говорится, рубят с плеча, то другие

руководствуются правилом «семь раз отмерь – один отрежь». Что

лучше? Видимо, должна быть «золотая середина», но как ее найти?

А что Вы можете в этой связи сказать о себе? Является ли

решительность сильной стороной Вашего характера? Скоропалительны

ли Ваши решения? Или, наоборот, Вы решительны?

Что говорят вам мимика и жесты

Часто невербальное общение может рассказать Вам больше, чем

приятный разговор. Определите, обладаете ли Вы интуицией, умеете ли

Вы интерпретировать мимику и жесты.

Время суток и ваша наибольшая работоспособность

Люди делятся на тех, кто предпочитает для работы и других занятий

утренние часы, и тех, кому больше подходят вечерние. Несложный тест

позволит Вам определить свою принадлежность к одной из этих

категорий.

II. The Interview Success Plan

Step 1

The Job

Each job announcement or job advertisement may include any combination

of a description of the job, job applicant qualifications and desired qualities.

The description, qualifications, and desired qualities are the keys to preparing

for the interview.

Step 2

Potential Interview Questions (www.job-interview.net)

Step 3 Interview Answers

The interview focuses on "what you say" and "how you say it". In this step,

we focus on "what to say".

As you know, there are many different types of interviews and interview

questions. Let's keep it simple. You're going to be asked about:

 What you know – about your work experience, education, training,

goals, character, personal qualities, the job that you're seeking, the

company that you're interviewing for, and the knowledges required to

perform the job that you're seeking.

 Identify a problem or issue – given a situation, find the problem or

issue. The question may focus on a situation that you've handled in the

past or how you would handle a hypothetical situation.

 Identify a solution – given the problem or issue, how do you

proceed? The question may focus on a problem or issue that you've

handled in the past or how you would proceed in a hypothetical

situation.

Step 4

Inappropriate Questions

Here are examples of inappropriate topics and questions:

1. Age: What’s your age?

1. Childcare: Do you have after school care?

2. Conditions of work: Does your family approve of your travel?

3. Criminal Record: When was the last time you were arrested?

4. Ethnic origin of last name: Is your last name Japanese?

5. Gender: Are you female?

6. Language: Do you speak English at home?

7. Marital Status: Are you divorced?

8. Name/Title: Is that Ms. or Mrs.?

9. National origin: Are you Chinese or Japanese?

10. Race: What race are you?

11. Relatives: Is your husband employed?

12. Religion: Are you Catholic?

13. Residence: How can you handle the long commute?

14. Sexual preference: Are you gay?

Step 5

Interview Day Preparation

 You should be ready by the day before the interview. For most people,

we recommend completing your preparation the day before the

interview.

 Get your rest.

 Don’t get distracted or excited by little things, don’t schedule

meetings over controversial issues, or do anything that might

break your concentration.

 Taking into account the time of your interview and traffic, go early to

find parking and make sure that you have money for parking meters.

 Dress appropriately. If you're applying for a job where you haven't

worked before, visit the offices of facilities. See what other employees

in positions similar to the one that you're seeking are wearing. Dress at

least at that level or higher. Don't visit on Friday, you may find

yourself dressing for casual Friday.

 Be early. If the interviewers are ahead of schedule, they'll appreciate

the opportunity to get an early start.

Step 6

Interview Game Plan TASK 8

Don’t smoke, chew gum, tobacco, or anything else.

Make a positive and professional first impression by being

assertive and giving a firm handshake to each interviewer and

addressing each interviewer as they are introduced.

Reinforce your professionalism and your ability to communicate

effectively by speaking clearly and avoiding "uhs", "you knows",

and slang.

Use appropriate wording. You won’t receive extra points for every

word that has more than 10 letters. Use technical terms only when

appropriate to the question.

Use positive words. Instead of "if", "I think", "I feel" and "I wish"

use "when", "I am" and "I would".

Establish rapport by relating to each interviewer. Note the wording

that is used by each interviewer and when appropriate use similar

words. Maintain eye contact with each of the interviewers

throughout the interview.

Sit comfortably. Sit erectly, but don’t sit stiffly or sprawl over the

chair.

Project confidence and a positive attitude. Maintain awareness of

your voice, posture, energy level, and enthusiasm. Make hand

gestures to emphasize important points, but avoid distracting

gestures or making too many hand gestures.

Smile confidently, but not to the point where you would appear to

be too casual. Smiling will also help you relax and establish a

rapport with the interviewers.

Emphasize your strengths and qualifications that make a

compelling reason that you are the ideal person for the job.

Don’t dominate the interview. Time does not equal quality.

Manage weaknesses or barriers so that they appear to be

indications of your strengths.

Be attentive. Listen to each question carefully and don’t interrupt.

If you aren't sure of what is being asked, politely request that the

question be repeated.

Close the interview with a strong closing statement of your

qualifications for the job.

Thank the interviewers. Shake their hands individually and thank

each interviewer by name.

Step 7

Interview Wrap

 Write down the questions.

 Review your responses. What would you have worded or answered

differently? Why would you have answered differently? And what

would be a more appropriate answer?

 Review your own behavior during the interview. Did you fidget? Did

you use any "uh's" or "you know's"? Did you smile? Did you use

hand gestures to emphasize important points?

 Did you establish a rapport with the interviewers? How did they act

during the interview?

IV. INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

STRENGTHS

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. My three major strengths are that I am creative, result- oriented and

continuous-improvement driven. (EXAMPLE) I am always looking for

opportunities to become more efficient and save money and time for the

company.

2. My co-workers would likely tell you that my strongest attributes are

persistence and determination. I have developed a reputation for being

determined and persistent in tackling difficult problems. I am not a person

who gives up easily. (EXAMPLE)

3. Yes, if I were you, I would give serious consideration to hiring me over

the other candidates. One of my key strengths is _________. (One of my

areas of strength __________________)While working as

________________, for example, I brought about __________________.

WEAKNESSES

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. My two greatest job-related weaknesses are that I tend to be highly

focused and result-oriented. Sometimes in my zeal to get things done I am

not always as sensitive as I might be to the fact that others don’t always

have the same sense of urgency as I do. Some, therefore, may see me as

“pushy”. Others, however, would tell you that they like my positive

attitude and enthusiasm.

2. The area I would most like to improve is my written communication

skills. Although this has certainly not been an area of major concern, it is

an area in which I would like to improve. I did take a creative writing

workshop (______) and I have experienced some improvement in this

sphere.

EDUCATION

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. The choice of _______________ was an easy one for me. In school I was

an excellent student in ___________________. I particularly enjoyed

_____________ , which involved the application of ___________

to_____________________. Engineering, especially __________

engineering, seemed a logical extension of my interest in

____________________.

2. In the broad sense, my education has helped me to learn how to be

independent and solve problems with little or no assistance. It has taught me

how to think, how to analyze, and where to go to get the answers. More

specifically, it provided me with solid grounding in ____________, which

has enabled me to perform at a high level as an

_______________________. It has given me a high level of confidence in

my technical knowledge and ability.

3. Although my general academic performance has been average. I have

done particularly well in _____________________ which was my major.

My grade point average in ___________________is approximately

________. In ____________ I have done even better with close to

________________. _______________ is clearly my strength and also

my strongest interest.

WORK PREFERENCE

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. Jobs that I find most rewarding and stimulating are those where I have the

opportunity to use a combination of ______________ skills. I tend to thrive

in those jobs offering the opportunity to tackle major, long-standing problems

that the employer has a strong desire to solve. This tends to challenge and

stimulate me.

2. I tend to like jobs that are demanding and require getting a lot of work

done in a fairly short time frame. I like the problem-solving challenge of

______________.

MOTIVATION AND DRIVE

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. One of my key personal objectives is to (complete a part-time MBA

program over the next two years). I feel this will provide me with a much

broader range of knowledge in other ______________ areas such as

__________________. I have a strong desire to learn more about

________________. As a part of my learning, I also try

to_________________. This forces me to keep expanding my intellectual

horizons and serves to stretch my mind a bit.

PERSONAL TRAITS AND CHARACTERISTICS

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. The three adjectives that, in my opinion, best describe me are creative,

energetic and result-oriented. I have earned a good reputation for coming up

with creative solutions and ideas to solve difficult problems. I tend to get a

lot accomplished in a relatively short time.

2. Perhaps the single trait that has gotten in my way in the past has been a

tendency to be sometimes a little too impatient and aggressive. I tend to be

very hard-working and result-oriented, and sometimes in my desire to get

things done quickly and efficiently, some may have viewed me as being

somewhat pushy or aggressive. I have attempted to be more sensitive to this

tendency and have been working on it. I think I have managed to temper

things quite a bit and I am now much more tolerant and patient. Today,

I think I can honestly say that I am no longer as before.

INTERPERSONAL SKILLS

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1. I have always had an excellent reputation for getting along well with others

and this is one of my strengths. I could listen more carefully to another’s

point. Sometimes I may have a tendency to cut conversation short due to the

crush of the workload. I have tried to be sensitive and force myself to be a

little more patient. As a result, I believe that I have improved in this area.

PLANNING AND ORGANIZING SKILLS

COMMUNICATION SKILLS

CLASSIC ANSWERS

1.On a scale of 1 to 10, I would rate my written communication skills at

either the “9” or “ “ level. The best evidence that I can offer my skills in

this area is the fact that ________________________________________.

Using the same scale, I would also rank my verbal skills quite high

EXERCISES 1–5

Possible variants

Essential Job Interview Tips

Some of the common questions that are asked during the interview and

appropriate responses to these questions. T can work with this material

according to his\her wish.

Interviewer: Tell me about yourself.

Candidate: I was born and raised in Milan, Italy. I attended the University of

Milan and received my master's degree in Economics. I have worked for 12

years as a financial consultant in Milan for various companies including

Rossi Consultants, Quasar Insurance and Sardi and Sons. I enjoy playing

tennis in my free time and learning languages.

Candidate: I've just graduated from the University of Singapore with a

degree in Computers. During the summers, I worked as a system

administrator for a small company to help pay for my education.

Comment: This question is meant as an introduction. Do not focus too

specifically on one area. The above question will often be used to help the

interviewer choose what he/she would like to ask next. While it is important

to give an overall impression of who you are, make sure to concentrate on

work related experience. Work related experience should always be the

central focus of any interview (work experience is more important than

education in most English speaking countries).

Interviewer: What type of position are you looking for?

Candidate: I'm interested in an entry level (beginning) position.

Candidate: I'm looking for a position in which I can utilize my experience.

Candidate: I would like any position for which I qualify.

Comment: You should be willing to take an entry level position in an

English speaking company as most of these companies expect non-nationals

to begin with such a position. In the United States, most companies provide

many opportunities for growth, so don't be afraid to start from the beginning!

Interviewer: Are you interested in a full-time or part-time position?

100

Candidate: I am more interested in a full-time position. However, I would

also consider a part-time position.

Comment: Make sure to leave open as many possibilities as possible. Say

you are willing to take any job, once the job has been offered you can always

refuse if the job does not appeal (not interest) to you.

Interviewer: Can you tell me about your responsibilities at your last job?

Candidate: I advised customers on financial matters. After I consulted the

customer, I completed a customer inquiry form and catalogued the

information in our database. Then I collaborated with colleagues to prepare

the best possible package for the client. The clients were then presented with

a summarized report on their financial activities that I formulated on a

quarterly basis.

Comment: Notice the amount of detail necessary when you are talking about

your experience. One of the most common mistakes made by foreigners when

discussing their former employment is to speak too generally. The employer

wants to know exactly what you did and how you did it; the more detail you

can give the more the interviewer knows that you understand the type of

work. Remember to vary your vocabulary when talking about your

responsibilities. Also, do not begin every sentence with "I". Use the passive

voice, or an introductory clause to help you add variety to your presentation.

Interviewer: What is your greatest strength?

Candidate: I work well under pressure. When there is a deadline (a time by

which the work must be finished), I can focus on the task at hand (current

project) and structure my work schedule well. I remember one week when I

had to get 6 new customer reports out by Friday at 5. I finished all the reports

ahead of time without having to work overtime.

Candidate: I am an excellent communicator. People trust me and come to

me for advice. One afternoon, my colleague was involved with a troublesome

(difficult) customer who felt he was not being served well. I made the

customer a cup of coffee and invited both my colleague and the client to my

desk where we solved the problem together.

Candidate: I am a trouble shooter. When there was a problem at my last job,

the manager would always ask me to solve it. Last summer, the LAN server

at work crashed. The manager was desperate and called me in (requested my