Water Power and Dam Construction

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WWW.WATERPOWERMAGAZINE.COM JULY 2009 21

• Operating in manual and automatic modes.

After reading the tender spe cifications and visiting the site,

German company Muhr worked out a TRCS-concept based on the

Muhr Hydronic M-5000 series.

The Muhr team also had to cope with extraordinarily high stream

velocity at the intakes (2m

/sec). Despite the streamlined design of

the boom and rake, straight and lateral flow forces are so high that

countervailing these forces takes more power than retracting the tele-

scope with maximum load.

Another interesting feature of this machine is the cleaning heads.

Catching huge and bulky debris from the water surface and exact-

ly raking out grass from the trash racks is not possible with one rake.

As a result, Rock Island’s Hydronic M-5000 is equipped with an

interchangeable flange that allows easy changing between the clean-

ing and gripper head.

EVELOPMENT TIME

Development of the first idea to the first dry test run at Muhr’s head-

quarter in Brannenburg, Germany only took 13 months. After inten-

sive consultations with the client and a detailed planning process,

the system was at first assembled in the Muhr factory in

Brannenburg, Bavaria. This is also where the acceptance by the client

took place.

Acceptance in the Branneneburg factory was advantageous for

both client and manufacturer. Adjustments and additions could be

made quickly and easily, saving both time and money for all involved.

Right after the accepta nce test the machine was disassembled,

packed and prepared for shipping. The journey started from South

Germany to Bremerhaven. After containerisation the TRCS parts

went across the Atlantic Ocean through the Panama Canal to the

harbour of Vancouver and then on trucks to Rock Island dam.

The assembly on site started in July 2008 and was finished in the

middle of August. The time required for assembling only amounted

to two and a half weeks. Including site-specific additional work and

final inspection it resulted in a total commissioning period of only

five weeks. This was achieved due to the skilled assembly manager

and site supervisor, who not only performed the on-site commis -

sioning but also the first assembly in Germany.

Since installation the Hydronic M-5000 has been working very

well. According to the plant operato r the TRCS increases energy

output by 8MW.

HAT NEXT

Only a few months after the Rock Island project, Muhr delivered

one of the world’s largest cable operated TRCS’ to Kol dam in India,

which is curr ently unde r construc tion. This specially designed

machine is equipped with a 12.3m wide cleaning rake and is expect-

ed t o clean 14 intakes. Due to the curved dam constru ction, the

machine has to travel on a curved rail system. The TRCS is already

setting 1200 tons of trash rack panels.

www.muhr.com

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

IWP& DC

Product description

RCS type Mobile, hydraulically driven

Layout Gantry structure with rotary body

oom Combined articulated-telescopic arm

(streamline design)

ake Muhr high efficiency cleaning rake

(streamline design)

Gripper head

otal weight 100 tons

Total length of boom 41m

Cleaning depth 34m

Lifting capacity 9 tons

Length of rail system 180m (+ cross travel)

Operation modes Hand – from operator’s chair in cabin

Hand – by remote control unit

Automatic

Top left: Hydronic M-5000 with telescope lowered to the bottom during trash

rack cleaning; Bottom left: Hydronic M-5000 with lowered telescope during

trash rack cleaning; Top right: Hydronic M-5000 with traffic beneath

22 JULY 2009 INTERNATIONAL WATER POWER & DAM CONSTRUCTION

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

of the bearings at the hydro power station.

Since GGB produced custom parts for each position, Tractebel

and GE did not have to invest significant funds in housing and

shaft refurbishment.

MATTER OF TIME

Timing was a major challenge on the project. “When they open a

machine like th at , they cannot stop it for long, as just one day of

downtime translates into a big loss,” Ingegneri explains. “We had

just 10 days to calculate the tolerances of each bearing, get GE’s

approval and produce and deliver the parts. To accommodate this

tight schedule, we had to buy the raw materials in advance and pre-

machine the parts.”

Tolerances were yet another challenge. Because of wear on the

shafts, the tolerances were larger than on the original design. Each

turbine has approximately 20 wicket gates and each gate has three

bearing positions. After measuring each shaft and housing, GGB had

to design a bearing for each position and give it an individual iden-

tification number. The average tolerance was 50 microns.

GGB also sent its mechanical engineers to the facility to supervise

the assembly, cooling and contracting the bearings to make them

easier to install. “Each bearing was assembled and the inside diam-

eters checked afterwards. Tractebel confirmed the actual values were

in accordance with our technical calculations,” says Heitor Sarro,

engineering supervisor for GGB Brazil.

Developed specifically for hydro power applications, the spheri-

cal DB bearings have been designed to provide maintenan ce-free

operation, excellent performance under intermittent operating con-

ditions, high-load capacity and corrosion resistance for long service

life. The self-lubricating bearings require no additional lubrication

that could contaminate the river.

In all, GGB supplied more than 200 bearings for the wicket gates,

plus washers that regulate the rings and pads for special machinery.

“The parts are working very well, and Tractebel and GE Hydro

were very satisfied with the whole package supplied by GGB,”

Ingegneri says, adding that the bearings will work for at least anoth-

er 30 years.

For more information contact GGB Canada,

Tel: +1-905-309-9558, email: hydro@ggbearings.com,

or contact GGB Austria GmbH, Tel: +43-(0)1-332 49 92,

email: hydro@ggbearingsd.com or visit

www.ggbearings.com/hydro

IWP& DC

HE Salto Osório is located on the Iguaçu River at Quedas

do Iguaçu City in the Brazili an state of P araná, 837km

southwest of Sao Pau lo. The 1078MW plant has b een

operating its six Francis turbines (four Mitsubishi and two

Hitachi units) since 1975. The power station is controlled by

Tractebel Energia, a unit of Suez Energy International based in

Florianópolis in the state of Santa Catarina.

In 2005, Tractebel decided to refurbish the turbines and its com-

ponents and contracted GE Hydro, now part of the Andritz Group,

to do the work. Tractebel and GE Hydro decided to replace the bear-

ings of all positions: upper, middle and lower wicket gates; linkages;

servomotors; and operating ring segments.

EPLACEMENT BEARINGS

GE Hydro knew the main cause of bearing failure is corrosion and

dirt, which can invade machinery during servicing. Since the origi-

nal bearings were composed of a self-lubricating material that

required minimal maintenance, GE Hydro turned to GGB, former-

ly Glacier Garlock Bearings, for the replacement bearings.

“The original bearings were self-lubricating and Tractebel indi-

cated the material had worked very well for 30 years,” explains

Rafael Ingegneri, sales manager for GGB Brazil. “In this case, a spe-

cial service was offered to GE Hydro: GGB would supply DB custom

parts for each position.”

GE Hydro disassembled the turbines, measured the housings and

shafts and forwarded the measurements to GGB. GGB then calcu-

lated the assembly tolerances for each position (clearance, interfer-

ence fit, design, etc.), produced the parts and supervised the assembly

Bearing up under

tight deadlines

During refurbishment work at the UHE

Salto Osorio hydroelectric plant,

custom-made bearings were delivered to

extremely tight deadlines to minimize

downtime at the Brazilian project

UHE Salto Osorio hydro power station

Embedded with solid PTFE, the DB spherical bearings are self-lubricating

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24 JULY 2009 INTERNATIONAL WATER POWER & DAM CONSTRUCTION

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE

Environment Agency. Salinity monitoring was also required to pro-

vide a better way of capturing river flow data.

The Satt OCS (Open Control System) comprises everything from

products to total solutions depending on the customer’s requests.

Satt OCS products and systems cover automation solutions like

Distributed Control Systems (DCS), PLC, Scada, I/O systems and

programming tools. Satt OCS provides a good foundation to migrate

a control system to the latest ABB automation technology.

Installed on a server in the main control room, the system also

has a back up at a remote station. This redundancy allows a

switch over of control in the event of a failure of the main server,

with a seamless handover that has been developed to go unnoticed

by the operators.

The 800xA gathe rs data including event histories, alarms and

tren ds and provides a Graphical User Interface that all ows the

op erators to control the sluices, locks and bridges. Data on the

level of the bay is very important to the civil engineers managing

the many bu ilding pro jects in progress in the area. It also allows

easy control of auxiliary circuits such as outside lights.

The addition of the 800xA system to the SattControl sy stem

was part of a process to develop the control of the barrage as its

operati onal needs changed. Roger Thorney, operational manager

for the Cardiff Bay bar rage, says: “We were looking for a com-

pany that could not just upgrade the control system but one that

would become involved in a process of improvement, with a reg-

ular review of our needs. We wanted a com pany that could make

recommendations and give us the options, allowing us to cut our

cloth to suit.”

ABB now conducts an annual co ntrol audit to determine the

current needs of the barrage. T he latest audit identified the n eed

for a better Human Machine Inte rface that would allow bette r

monitoring of the barrage and also allow more detailed data to

be gathered.

www.abb.com

IWP& DC

MAJOR engineering project that co st around £220M

(US$336M) and took five years to build, the Cardiff Bay

barrage is designed to regulate the level of a 200ha lake

- Cardiff Bay - by isolating it from the sea.

Five large sluice gates regulate the level of the bay, prevent high

tides entering and allow the two rivers to flow out of the bay to

the estuary.

The barrage has three locks, one 40me long and 10.5m wi de,

and two 40m long and 8m w ide, which allow 24 hour access to

and from the bay, a great imp rovement on the pre viously tide

depend ent bay. Three bascule bridges carry the road across the

locks and are raised to allow boats to enter and leave.

ABB’s association wi th the barrage goes back to 2001 when it

upgraded the original control system shortly after the facility was

completed. This involved the replacement of the serial communi-

cati ons with an Ethernet system linking 14 P LCs to increase th e

speed of response.

Steve Rees, of the Satt product lines, now supported by ABB,

says: "We first provided a Satt control system for operation of the

barrag es and locks and re cently we have been evolvin g and

expanding the system to the latest 800xA control system to keep

it modern. We have also connected the ABB system to existing con-

trol equipment provided by other supplier s to give a more inte-

grated and sophisticated control and to improve ease of use by the

operators of the locks and barrages."

There was also a need to establish a telemetry link so the oper-

ators could send inf ormation on tidal conditions to the

Control issues at

Cardiff Bay Barrage

Operation of the Cardiff Bay barrage is now easier following an

ABB upgrade of its six-year-old Alfa Laval, SattControl system

View of the barrage

Barrage of information

The Cardif f Bay Barrage was conceived to perform two function s: to create

a permanent fre sh water lago on to promot e the regeneration o f the area,

and to provide a flood relief structu re from both rising sea levels and

control of water levels in the Rivers Taf f and Ely. Complex studies by

maritime engi neers and dam specialists commenced in 1987 and Royal

Assent for construction was granted in 1993.

The contract was a warded to a joint venture between Costain and Balf our

Beatty in 1994. Completed in 2000, the project tran sformed the polluted

mudflats, that app eared daily for up to 14 hours, into over 200ha of

tranquil wate r and 12km of permanent waterfront.

• Impermeable

• Flexible

• Resistant to settlements

• Installed quickly,

also underwater

• Durable

• Applicable to all types

of structures

• Environmentally friendly

• Efficiently monitored

GEOMEMBRANES ARE:

Boussiaba, Algeria. Exposed PVC geomembrane to waterproof a

50 m high RCC dam during construction. July 2009. Water supply.

CARPI SYNTHETIC GEOMEMBRANES

HAVE STOPPED LEAKAGE IN 95+ DAMS

Since 1963

1,200+ projects completed. Design and supply of waterproofing systems for

dams, canals, hydraulic tunnels, reservoirs. Dr y and underwater installation.

CARPI TECH

Corso San Gottardo 86 - 6830 Chiasso - Switzerland

Ph. ++41 91 6954000 Fax. ++41 91 6954009

www.carpitech.com e-mail: info@carpitech.com

World Leaders in Renewable Energy Development

www.knightpiesold.com

x Hydropower & Pumped Storage Schemes

x Redevelopment and Project Optimization

x Concept Development to Detailed Engineering &

Construction Supervision

x Environmental Impact Assessments

EXPLORING THE POSSIBILITIES…

26 JULY 2009 INTERNATIONAL WATER POWER & DAM CONSTRUCTION

SMALL HYDRO

de lima for protection against frost, where the water is conveyed

through long open channels called levadas. The dam automation

guarantees the release of the necessary irrigation flows in order to

accommodate this concurrent water use.

The road to the dam and the bridge are important improvements

for local popu lation mobility by c onne cting the villages of Vilar

and Codecoso.

The project was subject to two different impact assessment s:

during the preliminary project phase and after the design was con-

cluded. Public participation took place in both assessments.

The impact assessment studies allowed the environmental char-

acterization of the project site and confirm ed its relevant conser-

vation statu s – importan t fish speci es (Trout ), b irds

(White-throated Dipper) and mammals (Pyrenean Desman). The

riparian an d surrou nding vegetation i s rich and diverse, with an

important prese nce of oak forest typical of N orthern (Atla ntic)

Portugal. The water quality is very good.

Several mitigation measures where carried out to cope with the

environmental relevance of the site. This was combined w ith the

study of an ecological stream flow regime that enables the preser-

vation of the species and habitats downstream. An important fea-

ture concerns the compensation of the riparian habitat, namely by

planting B lack A lder, Grey Willow and Bir ch, an d by protecting

and planting oak trees.

A monitoring programme is in place, focusing on the water qual-

ity, flora and vegetation, fish fauna and riparian fauna.

For further inform ation visit the Aqualogus website at

www.aqualogus.pt or RP Global’s site at www.rp-global.com

ANEDO

YDRO

LANT

, P

ORTUGAL

Canedo hydro power plant is located in the Tras-os-Montes

region, in the north of Portugal, extending 5.5km through the

municipalities of Boticas and Ribeira de Pena. The water is divert-

ed from the Beca River, in the Douro river basin . The plant was

S.A. (RPGlob al).

The scheme, which began operation in December 2008, com-

prises a dam, low pressure circuit, surge tank , penstock and the

powerhouse. The installed power of 10MW is accomplished with

a turbine flow of 5.4m

/sec under a net head of 226m.

The dam is 14.8m high and has a crest length of 92m, including

a bridge over the spillway. The intake and bottom outlet are locat-

ed on the left side. The 80m long fish pass and the reserved f l o w

outlet are on the right river bank. The lake created by the dam

floods an area of 4ha.

The hydraulic circuit has a fi rst part in DN1800/1600 PRFV

pipe, a 24m high surge tank and a DN1500/1400 steel penstock.

All the pipes are laid in trench.

The powerhouse has one horizontal Francis unit and is located

near a river beach, close to Canedo village. The building was sub-

ject to a thorou gh architectural study, which focused on integra-

tion with the striking surrounding landscape and interaction with

the visitors. The cubic building facade on the river side is accessed

by a pedestrian route a nd has openings that allow a full view of

the interior. The architectural study of the building was subject to

a concept contest in an architecture college.

The region has an ancestral winter irrigation method called rega

In the third and final part of our Small Hydro Award feature, you’ll find details

on the last four shortlisted projects – the Canedo hydro plant in Portugal, Fiji’s

Wainikasou scheme, the Town Mill micro hydro system in the UK, and the

Hastings project in the US. Please visit www.waterpowermagazine.com and vote

for the project you think deserves to be named ‘Best Small Hydro Project 2009’

Best of the best in small hydro

Views of the dam and fish pass at the Canedo hydro project in Portugal

WWW.WATERPOWERMAGAZINE.COM JULY 2009 27

ASTINGS PROJECT

, US

In the US state of Minnesota, renewable energy company Hydro

Green Energy partnered with the City of Hastings to install a two-

turbine Hydro+ project downstream from the city’s 4.4MW run-of-

river hydro power plant at the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)

Lock & Dam No 2 on the Mississippi river. The Federal Energy

Regulatory Commission (FERC) approved the project by a 5-0 vote

on 13 December 2008. The Hastings project is the US’ first-ever fed-

erally-licensed hydrokinetic power station and the only hydrokinet-

ic project exporting electricity to the US power grid for sale.

The hydrokinetic power station, which sits entirely within USACE

property and in a no public access zone, will feature two turbines

ith a nameplate capacity of 100kW each. The first of the Hydro+

units was installed in December 2008 and early January 2009. The

second turbine, a beta unit with increased power output and effi-

ciency, will be installed late this summer or early fall.

Once fully operational, Hydro Green Energy will perform com-

prehensive fish survival tests, monitor all critical aspects of water

quality, study avian interactions and implement a zebra mussel con-

trol programme, some at the request of the National Park Service.

Hydro Green E nergy is also responsible f or the operation and

maintenance of the hydrokinetic turbines. Power sales from the tur-

bines’ output to Xcel Energy will be shared between the City of

Hastings and Hydro Green Energy.

Some key facts of the project include:

• Hydro Green Energy’s equipment will generate as much as 250kW,

representing a 5.7% increase in renewable energy generation at

the existing site.

• After a year of pre-filing stakeholder consultations, the City of

Hastings filed a Non-Capacity Amendment (existing project mod-

ification/new generating equipment) with the Federal Energy

Regulatory Commission (FERC) in April 2008.

• Led by Mayor Paul Hicks, the Hastings City Council unanimously

appro ved the project on four occasions, valida ting the unique

and creative public-private partnership of this groundb reaking

projec t. The cooperation of USACE was also critical to the

project’s success.

OWN

ILL HYDRO ELEC TRIC INSTALLATION

, UK

In 2007, a major project was completed to install a micro hydro-

electric system at the historical Town Mill on the River Lim in Lyme

Regis, Dorset. The electricity produced at the 7kW project is used

by Mill itself with the remainder sold into the National Grid.

Planning and designing the project

In 2004, in response to the UK Government’s energy policies that

encourage electricity generation from renewable resources, the Town

Mill Trustees began to investigate using water from the River Lim

to produce electricity, whilst still retaining the watermill’s tradition-

al flour-making capability. A feasibility study carried out in 2005

showed that a micro hydroelectric system would b e viable a nd

would not affect the waterwheel and flour milling.

Towards the end of 2005 the Town Mill’s Hydro Project Team

obtained funding for the project from Clearskies Renewable Energy

Grants (part of the DTI), the EDF Energy Green Fund and the Town

Mill Trust, with the funding used to appoint HydroGeneration Ltd

(now part of Segen.co.uk) as the Consultant Engineers to this

turnkey project.

The company undertook project feasibility in 2005 and installed

the system in 2006/7, with a small team of mill volunteers oversee-

ing the project on behalf of the Town Mill Trustees.

Data on River Lim flow rates at the mill indicated an annual

average flow rate of 0.24m

/sec. This flow, combined with modern

hydro technology and a head of water of 4.03m suggested that a

micro hydroelectric system could produce about 32,000kW annu-

ally, with CO2 savings of about 13 tons. The 2005 Feasibility Study

also concluded that operating the proposed system would not inter-

fere with the watermill’s primary role of flour milling.

As a result, the hydroelectric system was designed to fit into the

disused wheel pit on the outside of the north wall of the mill build-

ing, which is a listed structure. This design solution avoided any struc-

tural alterations to the listed building. The location also provides easy

access to the water supply from the leat (mill stream) and its discharge

into the existing tailrace, already in use for the waterwheel.

The mill had originally used the river to produce DC electricity in

the 1930s, but the waterwheel had to be taken out to find space for

the hydro system. That DC system was removed in 1948 after the

National Grid started operating with AC electricity.

The heart of the new system is now an Ossberger cross-flow water

turbine, designed specifically for this site, with a maximum power

output of 7.07kVA. Its split-flow 300mm rotor, operating at 245rpm

(max), is digita lly controlled through two actuat ors to optimise

power output whilst maintaining synchronised speed.

The turbine drives a general purpose Brook Crompton 3-phase

induction generator. The 4-pole, 50Hz system operates at up to

1500rpm, is rated to 15kW and is modified to match the digital grid

connection unit. Digital control is provided by an Excitation and

Mains Connection Unit produced by Sustainable Control Systems

Ltd.

The fully automatic system operates unmanned round the clock

and has an auto cut-out and re-start facility to cope with any unusu-

al conditions in the hydro system itself or in the National Grid.

Although the system was designed to avoid making changes to the

mill building, work was required in the chosen location of the old

wheelpit area and this involved three major tasks in late 2006:

• Hydro Green Energy fully complied with FERC requirements for

stakeholder outreach an d agency con sultation, and co vered all

costs and technical work ass ociated with the NCA. Because of

this, FERC strongly reaffirmed its decision to license the project

in February of 2009.

• The project resulted in the creation of 61 jobs in seven states over

the last two years.

• In May 2009, Hydro Green Energy was awarded the President’s

Award by the National Hydropowe r Association (NHA) . This

prestigious award is given to an NHA member company that has

‘blaze d new pathways to strengthen and invigorate the

hydrop ower industry’. Commenting on the award, NHA

Executive Director Linda Church Ciocci said the Hastings pro-

ject “opens the door to a whole new rang e of t echnologies and

applications in the hydro sector. It marks a great step for Hydro

Green Energy and a great milestone for our industry”. Church

Ciocci noted that the project also demonstrates that hydropow-

er facilities of all sizes can offer important economic, energy, and

environmental benefits.

Visit www.hgenergy.com for further details on the scheme

SMALL HYDRO

View of the Hastings site

28 JULY 2009 INTERNATIONAL WATER POWER & DAM CONSTRUCTION

SMALL HYDRO

• Construction of a sump in the tail race for the turbine draft tube.

• Installation of steel supports at the end of the leat and in the tail

race to hold the system components in position.

• Opening of the leat end-wall to feed the water tank.

Installation of the water tank started in November 2006. Its design

incorporates a 0.5inch spacing metal bar screen to protect the system

from river debris and to prevent fish from entering the system.

Next, the water turbine was fitted onto its supporting steelwork,

after which the penstock was connected. The induction generator

was installed behind the turbine in February 2007 and the pulley and

belt drive connected. The digital control system, final electrical con-

nections and metering systems, were the last system parts to be fitted.

Testing of the system started on 12 February. Water was fed to the

turbine for the first time on 14 February 2007.

Full system commissioning and trial running of the turbine con-

tinued until the system was formally switched on by children from

local schools on 1st March 2007.

Although the main ai m o f the project is to genera te electricity,

another important aim is to ensure that the system is used as an edu-

cational tool for mill visitors, to demonstrate the combination of

modern technology and a renewable energy water source in the gen-

eration of electricity. Guided tours by experienced volunteer millers

are offered at the site.

For further informatio n on the project, p lease visit

www.townmill.org.uk. This project was nominated by the British

Hydropower Association (www.british-hydro.org)

School children officially start operation at the Town Mill

hydro project. Photograph courtesy of the Town Mill

AINIKASOU PROJECT

, F

IJI

Pacific Hydro’s 6.5MW Wainikasou plant is located on Fiji’s main

island of Viti Levu.

Completed in May 2004, the run-of-river project was built around

existing infrastructure that diverts water from Wainisavalu Creek to

Lake Monasavu for use by the 80MW Wailoa hydroelectric station

- initial construction of this infrastructure provided for the future

addition of a micro hydroelectric station on the diversion pipeline.

To bet ter man age water flows, a 1.5m adj ustable gate ha s been

added to the existing diversion weir.

The powerhouse structure contains two horizontal Francis tur-

bines, each generating enough power to supply around 10,000 Fijian

homes. The value of this energy offsets diesel generation fuel costs

of over FJ$3M per annum, equating to an emission saving of around

12,000 tonnes of CO2.

The scheme required an innovative approach to design and con-

struction to overcome the challenges of a remote location, in par-

ticular the rough access roads, high rainfall and total lack of mains

electricity, telephone and internet facilities.

MWH provided detailed design, equipment, procurement, con-

struction supervision and commissioning services for the scheme,

which now provides around 4% of Fiji’s energy needs.

In June 2005, the scheme negotiated the world’s first bank-inter-

mediat ed carbon credi t transaction, securing a deal with the

Netherlands-based international bank ABN Amro for the purchase

of 100% of the Certified Emission Reductions (CERs) created from

the project.

Construction work

An ext ensive environme ntal impact repo rt was carr ied out

prior to construction of the project, and it was found that

the scheme would have no forseeable negative impact on the

environment , mainly due to the fact t hat the project utili ses

existing struc tures, existing water flows are not impacted, and

the site’s remote location.

An extensive stakeholder consultation was also undertaken prior

to construction. The project is built on acquired Nati ve Land by

the state, and although no landowners were involved, consultation

was undertaken with the Native Land Trust Board, with positive

results. Fiji an protocol was also observed by presenting a tradi-

tion al yaqona ceremony to the origin al owners of the la nd at

Wainikasou and wher e th e as s o c i a t e d transmission line was con-

structed to use connect to the Fuji Electricity Authority grid.

For further information, visit www.pacifichydro.com.au

Please vote for a project to be named IWP&DC’s Best

Small Hydro Project 2009 by visiting the Small Hydro

Award section on www.waterpowermagazine.com.

Alternatively, send the name of the scheme you wish to

vote for to the Editor, Carrieann Stocks, via email:

cstocks@progressivemediagroup.com.

IWP& DC

For further details of our events, contact: mb@hydropower-dams.com or call: +44 (0)20 773 7244

For Journal advertising or event sponsorship opportunities, contact: sales@hydropower-dams.com or call: +44 (0)20 773 7250

www.hydropower-dams.com

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION

Lyon, France ~ 26-28 October 2009

Progress - Potential - Plans

Hosted by:

Supporting Organizations include:

Following two previous successful events, which took place in Bangkok, Thailand (2006) and Danang, Vietnam (2008), we are taking the next event in this series to Malaysia,

a country in the heart of South East Asia with a long history of hydropower development – and to the State of Sarawak which is deeply committed to renewable energy development.

Delegations from around 50 countries will assemble to discuss all aspects of water resources development of particular relevance to the Asian region.

The Conference is being planned in collaboration with: Tenaga Nasional Berhad, Sarawak Hidro and Syarikat SESCO Berhad. Speakers will represent the major water and energy utilities

of the Asia and Pacific regions, as well as financiers, environmental specialists, and international experts on all aspects of dams, hydropower and other renewable energy sources.

A major Technical Exhibition will take place alongside ASIA 2010, with more than 20 exhibitors and 35 stands already reserved. For further details and plan updates please contact:

sales@hydropower-dams.com or call +44 (0)20 773 7250

Third International Conference on

Water Resources and Renewable Energy Development in Asia

Conference and Exhibition

Borneo International Convention Centre Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia ~ 29 and 30 March 2010

HYDRO 2009 will be the 16th annual Hydro Conference to be organized by Aqua~Media International, in partnership with NetWork Events.

The events have progressively increased in size and scope, and typically bring together delegations from more than 70 countries.

The Conference and Exhibition will bring together planners, developers, owners and operators, environmental specialists, financiers,

researchers, manufacturers and suppliers for an exchange of expertise which will be constructive in furthering well planned hydropower

development worldwide. As always, much emphasis will be placed on meeting the needs of the less developed countries; this will be reflected

strongly in the programme.

As usual at the annual Hydro Conferences, a major Technical Exhibition will take place alongside the HYDRO 2009 Conference.

All lunch and refreshment breaks will take place in the Exhibition Hall. About 160 companies active in the hydro profession will have the

opportunity to display their products and services.

Hosted by:

30 JULY 2009 INTERNATIONAL WATER POWER & DAM CONSTRUCTION

RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT

and state protected areas. The layers included the following:

• Property ownership and boundary data available from Clackamas

County.

• United States Geological Survey (USGS) 10m National Elevation

Data (10m NED).

• Water courses (stream loc ations) available from the Pacific

Northwest (Oregon & Washington) Hydrography Framework.

• Protecte d s treams as determined by the Northwest Power and

Conservation Council (a local regulatory agency).

• Electricity distribution infrastructure data provided by the local

utility, Portland General Electric.

Utilizing these map layers, an initial analysis layer was created by

filtering for privately owned lands outside of any protected areas

(Figure 1).

Within the initial analysis layer watercourses crossing private lands

were screened for environmental protections. Unprotected streams

were added to the analysis area (Figure 2).

Using the 10m NED data, elevation contours were derived and

overlaid on the map. Watercourses were intersected with the eleva-

tion contours and constant-elevation stream segments were created.

Contiguous stream segments with common ownership were joined

and a length was attributed to the segments. To limit the number of

analysis points, segments were eliminated if they did not have an ele-

vation change of least 10m over a 350m horizontal run (Figures 3

and 4).

These steps yield point locations where unprotected watercourses

exit privately owned properties. For each point, the stream segment’s

elevation change across the property (head) has been calculated.

The resulting points were provided to the USGS to be run through

the StreamStats application. StreamStats is a basin-specific GIS appli-

cation capable of computing estimates of streamflow at ungauged

N the US, extensive research reveals considerable development

potential for smal l, mini, and micro hydro power resources.

While broad research has been conducted nationally, resulting

in tools appropriate for policymakers and larger hydro power

developers, there has been less focus on site identification based on

current property ownership at regional and local scales.

Energy Trust of Oregon is an independent nonprofit organization

dedicated to energy efficiency and renewable energy development.

To better understand the hydro resources available in Oregon, Energy

Trust commissioned a geographic information system (GIS) study to

determine the quantity and size of potential run-of-river projects

within a sample county. Energy Trust wished to analyze this data, in

combination with other research, to assess the potential for a func-

tioning hydroelectric installation market to exist in Oregon.

Clackamas County, Oregon was selected as the study area.

Located in the foothills of the Cascade Range, the county features

substantial elevation changes, large numbers of streams, a combi-

nation of urban and rural land and water uses, and proximity to

urban engineering and hydropower installation resources.

To make the study’s results relevant to the broadest possible audi-

ence, it was designed to:

• Identify potential hydro sites utilizing current property ownership

boundaries.

• Screen stream resources for local, state, and federal environmen-

tal regulations.

• Generate site-specific power potential estimates, and

• Calculate approximate distances to interconnection infrastructure.

ETHODOLOGY

A GIS map of the county was constructed with layers for property

ownership and boundaries, elevation, stream locations and federal

Geographic information systems have been utilized to model and identify micro

hydro sites in Clackamas County, Oregon, US. Jed Jorgensen of the Energy Trust

of Oregon provides details and discusses the results of this trial study

Multnomah Hood River

Marion

On trial in Cla ckama s Count y

Left – Figur e 1: The study area with private lands highlighted. Some of the larger land blocks are held by large timber companies: Right – Figure 2: The study

area with unprotected streams on private land s

Multnomah Hood River

Marion

Water Power and Dam Construction - Issue July 2009

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