ВОДГЕО - Справочник по гидротехнике. Раздел 1 и 2

PA3AEJI BTOPON.

HCCNEAOBAHHfl

,

HSbICKAHHfl

.

TH,Q,POJIOTHqECKHE

PACITET6I

4t2

Ilpodoaucenue ra6tt.

14-7

Xaparrepngrura

no Ha8opy

feoaorrqecrue

ycnoBnq

gareraHHc

Oco6eunocrH

pex{HMa

ApresuaucKHe

Hanopuue

-

np{_M€qaH}r€-

flo

xlpaKrepy. nyrefi

llBnxeHBr

rpynroBHe. Mexn4acroDHe x

aprBr{aHcr

e sorH nolpa3rersrorcf, Ha noF|oD[r€

x

Tper{[fHbre.

nocrell|xe

(TpeuxHHrre

ao$r) B,.cBoIo oqeperb

,lelcrcr

Ha co6crBeHHo

rpeullHHHe, nracroBo-TperuLrxHd€! xapcroBo-rpeuxHHbre l

xunbfiHe.

B o6nacrl

pacnpocrpaHeHns

BeqEofi

Mepg,rorH nor3eMH[re Borbr

notrpa:r[ersrorcs

Ha nolxep3rorrrHe. Mex[ep3norHue r HatrMep3rorHr{e.

noIH rolirep3noTlrre

q

Mex eDsnoTHr,re oosqso xMercT Hanoptr6fi{

xapaxTep.

7.

<DnsHxo-reoilornqecKHe

flBreHHq

Ta6nuqa

14-8

Kore6anuff

ypoBHr

apresilaH-

cKLrx Bo.u,

He3HaqHTeJrbIrbr

N o6y-

CJIOBNCHbI H3MCIIEHHflMH ATMO-

cQepnoro

,u,aBJreHufl,

a

raK)r(e

xore6aHprcMpr ypoBHc

B

lIpeHH-

pyrcur{x

BoAoeMax

H Bo.(oroKax

O6racrr

pacrpo-

crpaHeHus

6orurue

o6.nacru

nnrall.nfr.

OcHosnble rrpoue

ccbr

I.

SHAorenHbre

-

Bbr-

3brBaeNrbre BHyTpeHHHMH

CHJIAMH 3CMNH

HafinenosaHue

H xaparTepHcrnr(a

ssrelrufr

ByaranuuecKue

143Bep-

r(eHLIq,

ceficMuqecKl4e

gB-

JICHHg

OcHosgure npoqeccbl

n)

aKKyMynsuufl

-

or-

JIOXCHHC

lI

HAKOIINEHHC

fiponyKToB

pa3p.yrreHHs

nopHbrx

nopo,u.

HauMeHoeaHHe

H xapaKrepHcrHKa

flEJIEHUH

CySQoanfl

-

BbIubrBarIHe

(uexauuuecKoe)

H

BblHoc

qacTHq

H3

ropoAbr

K

apcroeue fl BreHnr

-pac-

TBOpeHBe

H BbruleJIaqHBaHHe

roprrbrx

nopoA c

o6pasosa-

HHeM

B HHX

XapaKTepHbrX

rbopr* peaueQa

(eopourn,

yBarrbr

u

np.)

a

nycror (Ka-

H?.r-IbI,

neUleprt)

,Il,etpaaqua-pa3B

eBaHHe

H

repeHoc

rpoAyKroB

pa3py-

IrreHr.rfl

ropHbrK

nopoA rro,t,

reficrsHeM

BeTpa

fereHuq,

cBc3aHHbIe c

se,rHofi

uepsroroft: HaneAH

I,r

repMoxapcr (o6pa3oBaHne

3ana.u,HH, BopoHoK,

B

pe3ynb-

Tare

oTTa nBarus

rrreps.iroru)

;

colnQrroxqrr

(teuenne

cy-

rJrHHKoB,

cynecefi

H MenKHx

IiecKoB

B

pe3ynbTaTe

oTTaPI-

BaHHfl

Mep3JrOTbr H

yBna}I(-

neHnn);

o6pa3oBaHHe

6ynpon

rryqeHHrr,

rHAPolarKoJtHToB

l.r

Ap.

II.

SxsoreHsbre-06y-

CJIOBIHBAEMbIE

BHCII

H I.IMH

Qaxroparrru

(aruocQepa,

rHApocQepa,

6raocQepa

).

PasAersrorcfl

Ha:

a) BbrBerpHBaHHe-pa3-

pyureHue

H pa3pbrxJreHHe

ropHbrx

fiopoA

Ha

IIo-

BepxHocrH

3eMnH-Qr.rsu-

rtecKoe

(ntexaHuuecrce),

xuMHqecKoe

H

opraHH-

qecKoe

(uo.u,

AeficrBueM

opnauuauon)

6)

.lr,eHy4arrns

-

cMeute

-

Hrre

H

[epeHoc

npoAyK-

TOB

pa3pyrrreHHff

ropHbrx

IropoA

(repMHHOM

.[eHy-

Aaqns

rracTo

o6osHaqator

BCrO

COBOKynHOCTb

npo-

qeccoB

paspyrrJeHHs

rop-

Irbrx

nopol.

npoucxolln-

II{Hx

Ha

seruHoft noBepx-

HOCTH,

BKJTIO'{afl

H

BbIBeT-

pnnaune)

3poran-pa3pyuenne ro-

poA

noA sosAeficreueM Te-

Kyrrflx BoI

Per,

pyqbeB

A6pasun

-

pa3pyrueHne

u

BbrpaBHHBauue

6eperoe noA

nos,ueficrBr4eru

BonHo60r

tt

HacTyrrarcuIHx

BoA,

npeHMy-

IqecrBeHHo

MopcKHx

(rtrop-

cran a6paaua)

Ocunn-ocbrnaHne

o6.lou

-

xon

(rue6ufl

H rrrbr6) nsrner-

pHBUTHXCfl

nOpOA

H

OTJTOXe-

HHe

Hx

y

noAlloxbff

Kpyrbrx

cKnoHoB

a

Ono.nsun

(oconu,

crrJrbr-

nu)

-

cMertleHHe

seMJrsEbrx

MACC

HA

CKJIOHAX

Cenn- nopHbre rpr3eBbre

H rpfl3er(aMerrHble

noToKr.r,

BO3HHKaloI[ne

nocjle

HHTeH-

clrBrrrilx .nnnuefi

ll

cgeroras-

HHfl

flpocanrn

-

ocarKH

MaK-

ponopHcrHx

nopoA rroA

Aeft-

crBHeM

co6crnesHoro Beca

npn

ug6srroqHou yBnaxue-

HHH

rJIABA

ttETt

l

PHA,\UATAfl

. HH)KEHEPHO-fEOJIOTHTIECKHE

H3btCKAHHtI

B

cocraB

HHxeHepHo-reonornrrecKnx

r.r3brcKaHuff sxoAgr

sreAyrorqHe BHAbr

pa6oT:

I

)

nqAnoroBrr.rreJrbtrbre

pafu-

ThI;

2\

KoMrrJreKcHafi lrHx(eHepHo-reoJrtru'recKafl

c6eMKa;

3)

pasee4orrur,re

pa6o{br (6ypeur.re

u upoxoAKa ropHbrx

BbI-

pa6orox);

4) reoQnsuuecxue

pa6oru,r;

5)

ruAporeonoru-

qecKue

pa6orrr;

6)

noneBbre HcnbrraHuq

Snsuxo-l,texaHu-

qecKHx

ceoficre rpyHroB;

7,

.na6oparopHbre

r.rccJleAoBa-

HHff;

8)

noucKr{

H

pasBeAKE

crpoureJrbHbrx MarepuaJroB.

t4-3. IOATOTOBHTEJIbHbIE

PAEOTbI

lloAroroeureJrbnbre

pa6oru

3aKnroqarorcs B

c6ope u

H3yrIeHHH

nHTepaTypHbrx

u

apxHBHbrx MaTepr{aJroB

no

paftouy

r,rsucxauufi, B cocraB.rreHuu

nporpaMMbr

H

cMerbr,

IIoAroroBKe

H ornpaBKe Ha

Mecro ueo6xoAuvroro

o6opy-

AOBAHHfl

U

COCTABJICHHH

HHCTPYIffI,IBIIO-MCTOAHIIECKHX

yxaaauufi

Anfi

TexHHqecKoro Lr aAMr.rHr{crparuBHo-xossft-

crBeHHoro fiepcoHana

H3brcKareJrbcKofi

naprur{. C6op u

o6pa6orxa

JrnreparypHbrx

H

apxnBHbrx

MarepuaJIoB

HMeIOT

UeJrbro

OnpeAeJrHTb CTeneHb

r.r3yqeHHocrH

pafiona

H

o6ocHosarb

o6beM

H

MeroAHKy

Aa.nuneftruux

usblcKa-

HHfi.

flporparrrrvra

HH)KeHepno-reonorurrecKnx

a3ltcrannfi,

pag-

pa6arlrnaeMaq

r{Hx(enepoM-reo.[oroM

coBMecruo

c

flpoeK-

THPOBIIII,IKOM,

AOJIXHA

COACPXATb

CJIEAYIOqUE

PASACJIbI:

a) KpaTKoe

rraJroxeune

rexnurrecKoro saAaHHA Ha

npoeKTnpoBaHHe

(cra.u,un

upoeKTr{poBannfl,,

ocHoBHaf

cxeMa

u

Bo3Mox(Has KoMnoHoBKa

npoelffHpyeMblx coopy-

xesnfi

u

r.

n.);

6)

KparKyro xapaKrepr.rcrnr(y reoJrornqecKHx H HIDKe-

Hepno-reororurrecKux

yc.nonuft

pafioua

uerrcxanuft

ilo

.u.aHHbrM JrHTepaTypHbrx

H

apxr{BHbrx

HcTotrHI-IKoB;

e)

HaMeqaeMbre

o6reu

u

coAep)KaHr.re rrHlKeHepHo-

reoJIorHIIecKHx pa6or

14

o6ocHosaHLre HX Heo6xoAr.rMocru

no

BceMy

pafiony

ra

yqacrKaM

pacnoJlox(eHr.rff

o'rAeJrbnblx

coopyxennfi;

r) KaJIeIIAapHbre

cpoKu

BbIrIoJIHenna

pa6or.

Cueru Ha HHx(eHepHo-reoJlorllqecKl{e

HgbIcKaHHfi co-

cTaBJrsrorc.fi rro

<<EAunouy

npeftcrypaHTy rlerr Ha

npoeKT-

HbIe H ll3brcKareJrbcKue

pa6orrt>

(ne,a.

focy4apcrBeHHo-

fo

KoMurera

Conera

MuHr.rcrpoe CCCP

ro

AeJraM

crpou-

reJlbcrBa,

1950),

a

raKxe

no

<<EAussru

HopMaM

BbI-

pa6orxH

Ha reorroro-pasBeAoqHbre

pa6oru>>

(EHB)

Mu-

Hr,rcrepcrBa

reoJrorur{

(locreo.rrr3Aar,

1953).

I4-4.

I,IHXEHEPHO.I'EOJIO|I,IqECKAq

CbEMKA

HHxenepno-reoJrorHqecKafl

cbeMKa

r{Meer

qeJrbro

KoM-

,rIJIeKcHoe

r.rgyqeHHe

reoJrofHqecKHx,

reouopQoJlorHqecKllx

r{ ruAporeoJloruqecxux

ycronuft

paftoua

npHMeHHTeJIbHo

K

rpe6onanunu

crpor.rreJrbcrBa

HHx(eHepHbrx coopyxenufi

nyreM

onr.rcaHuq

r{ rraHeceHrfl.

Ha mnorpa$HqecKyro

Kapry

Ha6.umAaeMbrx B noJre

ecrecrBeHHblx

r.r HcKyccrBerrubrx

06-

Haxeuufi

ropnbrx

nopoA, BbrxoAoB

noAseMHbrx BoA tr

0u-

gr,IKo-reonoruqecKux

ssreHnfi .

B

pesy.rrrrare

HHx(enepHo-reoJrofnqecKofi

creuru

Aaercq

xapaKTepHcrHKa:

a)

crparnrpaSun, JrHToJrorHqecKoro co-

craBa

tl,

B [epBoM

npn6nuxenun,

Suauxo-uexaHr4qecKlrx

.cBoftcrB

ropHbrx nopoA;

6)

reKroHHKH

H

rpequHonarociu;

e)

reorraopSonorfiqecKux

oco6enuocreft

Aolnu

H

BoAopa3-

aeron;

r) BoAoHocHocrH

ropubrx

fiopoA,

ycaonufi

[HTarrurr

u

pa3rpySKrr

orAeJrbrrblx

BoAoHocHbIx ropHSolrroB, Kaqe-

crBa noA3eMHbrx

BoA H

ApyrHX

ruAporeonorauecxux

$ax-

-TOpOB,

AOCTynHbTX

r{3yqerlHro 6es cneq[aJrbHbrx

pa3Be.[oq-

't

413

14-8.

COCTAB

U

METOAbI

HHXEHEPHO-TEOJIOTnTIECKHX

H3bICKAHI,IH

r{brx H

onbrrHblx

pa6or;

A)

Qnsuro-reoJrorHqecKuX

flBJre-

nr.rfi;

e)

Bo3Mo>KHocrr{ noJryqeHnq

Ha Mecre rex HJrH Hrrbrx

BHAOB

MeCTHbTX CTpOHTenbHbrX

MaTepr{anoB.

Ha

npeABapurerrbHbrx

craAHrx npoeKrupoBanuff

(TAA)

npoHsBoAffTCq

HHX(eHepHO-reoJrOrHqeCKHe

CbeMKH

MapItr-

pyTHoro

Tr.rfla

uilw

nJroulaAHbre

gbeMKH

MenKoro Mac-

urra6a.

B cflyqae HaJrHqHff rro pafiony

MarepuanoB

paHee

Bbr-

noJrHeHHbrx

gbeMoK

B sToT

nepHoA HepeAKo

Mo>KHo

orpa-

HHqHTbcq

peKorHocrlHpoBorrHbrM

ocMorpoM

pafiona.

flpn

r{gbrcKaunrlx

Anff

[poeKTHoro

3aAaHHfl

r{

TexHr{qe-

cKofo

npoeKTa

Ha

yqacTKax,

HaMeqeHHbrx

rroA coopyx{e-

HHfl,

npongBoAffTcfl

cteMKH 6o.uee KpynHoro

uacmra6a

(no

I : 10 000, a

B

HeKoropbrx

cnyqalx

-

Aax(e Ao

I

:

2

000).

Hnxeuepuo-feoJroruqecKag

c6eMKa

qaulll

BoAoxpaHH-

rruuta npor.r3BoAurcff B uacrura6ax

I : 200

000-1 :

50 000,

a

Ha

oTAeJrbHbIx

yqacTKax,

HanpHMep,

SaulHulaeMblx

oT

noATonnellHff, 3aroIIJIeHr.rf,

o6na.non,

onoasHefi v

np.,

-

B

6o"nee

KpynHblx

trracurta6ax, B

3aBLIcI{MocrLI or

cJIoxHo-

crn reonornqecxux

ycnonnfi.

flpn

Ha3HaqeHHH

o6teua

HHx(eHepHo-reoJloruqecxofi

sbeMKH seo6xoAnuo

yqurblBaru

rpe6onauur

npoeKrupo-

BaHHs.,u,aHHoro coopyxeHr{fi.

Hnxenepno-reoJroruqecKafi

c'beMKa Br<.[rcqaer

B

ce6q

cJreAyron(He

BcrloMotareJlbHbre

pa6oru:

a)

npoxoAKy

MeJI-

KHX

ropHbrx

nupa6otox

(myp$or, pacvr.rcrox);

6)

3oH-

AnpoBoqHoe

6ypenne;

n)

or6op

o6paguoe

H

npo6 flopoA

H BoAbr

Anfl

[ocJIeAyIouIHX ra6oparoplrblx

aHaJtH3oB

vI

ucnuranufi;

r)

noJIeBbIe la6opatopHble

HccJIeAoBaI{Hn

rpyrrroB

u

xuMuqecKoro

cocraBa

BoAbI

(npu

nououlll

lro-

JreBbrx-

iloxoAHbrx

la6opatopnfi);

A)

rJla3oMepHyro

rollo-

rpaQuEecxyro

c'beMKy

c

6apouerpHrIecKI{M

HIdBeJIHpoBa-

HHeM; e)

SororpaQupoBaHue.

O6reu

uyp$oBanuff

14

6ypeuun

ycraHaBJlllBaercfl

B

3aBLIcHMocrr{

or

o6uaxeggocru

v

cJ'Io)KHocrIr

feoJloruqe-

cKoro cTpoeHr{q.

Ans

HH)KeI{epHo-reoJIofHqecKI{x

qe"nefi

rIIHpoI(o

npnMe-

Hflercq

aepoSorosbeMKa.

llonyuaeuue

npu

noMourH

aapoQorosbeMKH

uso6paxceuur

MecrIrocrLI

(xouraxruue

ornesarxu,

$orocxeMbl

lI

Kaprbl B ropuaoura.nrx)

nogBo-

fiqror

rrpoH3BoAr-rrb

6onee

AeraJIbHoe

reouop$oJlorllqe-

cKoe KapTHpoBaHr.le,

a Bo MHoTHX cryqafix

no IIHM

[peA-

cTaB.IIffeTcq

TaK]Ke

BO3MOX(HOCTb OIleHHBaTb

reoJlorHqe-

cKoe

crpoerrHe

rr

TeKroHLIqecKyIo

crpyKTypy

pa.fioua.

Asnaqus ucfloJlb3yercr,

KpoMe

roto,

AJrfr

peKorHocllu-

poBoqHoro

fiHx(euepHo-reoJlorurlecKoro

ocBeuleHuff

pafioHa

(rax

HasbIBaeMaff

aepoBH3yaJIbHas

peKorHocuuponxa).

flpnueuenne

alrra\ilil

(s

roM

qHcJIe

aapoSorocnerrarn)

oKa3brBaercq

Ilenecoo6pagHbIM

npu

ueo6xoAlltrtocrn

[ony-

qeHnx

Marepxaaa

AJIff

o6urupuux

nnouaAeri

u

npu ?I3y-

qerIHH

6onrmux

no

nporsx(el{Hlo

yqacrKoB

AonHH

peK-

14-5.

PA3BEAOqHbIE

PAEOTbI

PaeeeAoqHbre

pa6orsr

ffBJrsrorcfl

ocnoBHbIM

MeroAoM

AeraJrbHoro

HByqeHHfl

r-ru)KeHepHo-feonoruqecKux

ycnonufi

crpor.rreJrbcrBa

rHAporexnnqecKux

coopyxennfi. Onpr

BKJrrosaror

n

ce6s

6ypenue

cKBax(HH

H

rrpoxoAKy

ropubrx

nupa6orox:

ruypSon,

uIaxr, rrrroJreH, KaHaB. Eypenr.re

nqApa3Aeflfierts

Ha: a)

pyIIH'oe y4apfiIo-B'paular€.rlbg6g,

6)

MexaHuqecKoe

yAapHoe

H

n) Mexanusecxoe

Bpalua-

TeJrbrroe

(xorouxonoe,

potopnoe).

OcRosubre

xapaKTepHcrHKH

6yponoro

o0opyAoBanfiff

AaHbI

s

ta6r.

l4-9.

I(porrle

yKasauuoro

B ra6.rr. l4:-9

6yponoro

o6opy,qosaur.rfl

Bce 6olnuee

npuMeHeHr{e

Haxo-

zA3IIEJI

BTO

pO

H. H CCJI

EAOBAH

H

fl

,

H3bl

CKAH Hfl

,

r

H

nPOfl

Of H I

ECKH

E PACtt ETbt

4t4

Tadttutqa

I4-9

OcnosHbre

IepaKrepHcrnKH

6yponoro

o6opy4onannn

Cnoco6

Haxueuo-

BaHHe

noxa

gareaeii

Tnn crauxa

.[,uauerpur

cKBax(!tH

B JII.LT

MarcHuaruuaq

rrrj-

6HHa

B

tt

Moursocru .[BHrarenc

B rt. C.

Bec

ctauxa

e rnr

Mexaur.recti()e

ynapHoe

Mexanutecxoe

Bpauare,'tbHoe

(roaon roeoe)

219-t27

50

168-

r27

30

K-29

325-219

150

30

By-2

"Ypa,reu"

300

S.nerrpo-

,[BHraTer

b

TUfla

MA-2OJ,r/"

yKC-20

500

300

S.nerrpo-

IBUf

aTe.l

MotuHo-

CTbIO

3V1B-75

o<

1=

l{J

ll;

150

20

KAM-s001

KA-2M-300

r lo

300

lo

190

500

22-30

AET-

DU-j

l3c

50

:

>-.2

z

-'-e .

Iss

-Q O

]'r^

< =

-c{

F=3:

k

ql

I .-

ir

@7--

l.ir

lsl

75

l8

9q

4,0

I

2,5

I

1,2

IlpeunyutecrBeHHo

B

-'rbrx

orJrox(eHurx

(r.'lttttut,

I'IHHKH,

rIECKI,I)

0,8

pbrx-

cy-

B

psrxartx

xpyuttooo.tloMor{HbIx

or-

ro)KeHl,rtlx,

HHoraa

B cKaJlbHblx

I'l I]o-

nycKanbHbrx

nopo.llax

14gr',re-,ruqeHHaq

rropo.u,a ra

6ypoeoi'l

tu

JraM

Beptur

aauuue

s

1,0

|

1,8 0.75

B cxa,ruHutx

rt

noJYcKan

bHblx noDo.uax

Kepnu-ro.'lonxlr

(croa6nrH) nopo-ru

lt 6y-'

poBok

urraM

Beprnxalunble,

HaK.lloHHble

H ropH3otITa-lb-

HbIC

C

napyureHaoi

crpyxrypoii

flpeurrlyuecrtseHHo

BePrlI-

ria.lbHble,

B

pe]l.Kr{x cnyqaflx

Ha

KJ'IOHHble

_r

Bec craHka.[nq

pyqBoro

6ypeHns,!as sxecr€

c rpy6aMq

!r

r,{HcrpyMesraMu,nnfl

-vKa3aHHHx

{aKcrMa,lbHblx

rny6fiH.

,ilni

M€\aqliqe_

cxoro oypeHHs IIpuBoAHrca

Eec craHka 6e3 Tpy6

x nHcrpyxeHros.

AflT

6ypoeue

cTaHKH,

KOTOpbIMI'I

npoxoAfTcfl

TaK

Ha3bl-

BaeMbIe

oflopHble

a

<<cMoTpoBble)>

cKBa)KHHbI

AI'IaMeTpolu

Ao

I

t*t

rr

6oilee.

Eypenue

cKBaxHH

TaKHx

AHaMerpoB

Bo3MoxHo

14

B

CLIJIbIIO

BOAOHOCHbIX

nopoAax,

ilpl{qeM

HMeeTcs

Bo3MO]I(-

HOCTb

HSBJreKaTb

Ha

IIOBepXHocTb

KepH,

a

TaKx(e

ocMaT-

pHBaTb

u

sotorpaQHpoBarb

cTeHKH

CKBa)KUH.

'

Xapaxrefuctl.li<a

craHKoB,

rpHMeHneMbIx

IJIfi

6ypeHun

cKBalKuH

KpynHoro

AI{aMeTpa:

AHaMerp

B

.n.ilt

.

-t 620-1

220

MaKCHMaJ'tbHafl

rIIy6HHa

6ypeuun

s

u

150

MorrlHocrb

IBHrareJIfl

B

JL.

C. 65-112

npoH3BoAHTeJIbHOCTb

B CKanbHbIX

IIo-

poAax

B

.Mf

cr4eHY

0,5-2,0

Bec

craHKa

c

HaoopoM

KOIOHKOBbIX

rpy6

B

m

lB-35

B Hacroflulee

Bpet\tfl

cKoHcrpynpoBaHbl

craHKH

Ailfl'

6y-

peHHrr

cKBaxHH

,qualrerportl

Ao

1,5-2,0

u. Taxoro

rnna

craHKH

pKe

tsHeApqnrcq

B

npaKrHKy

HET-eq9llo-reoJlo-

rHlrecKHX

agHcxaHHfi,

HanpHMep,

craHoK

TM-1300.

B

HHX

[peAycMorpeHbr

cneqHaJrbHble

KOJIOHKOBbIe

Tpy6bl

c

pexy-

uIHMH

npI{CnOCO6JTeHHSMLI

Ha 3a6oe,

6.naro4apa

rleMy

BeCb

KepH MOX(eT

6Url

nOAsst

Ha noBepxHocTb

He ToJrbKo

B

cKaJrbHbIX

Lr noJrycKarbHblx,

Ho

It B

pbIXnbIX

nopoAax.

3ac.ryxnraer BHHMaHHT

HoBbrfi BH6paquorlqblfi

MeroA

6vpeHHq.

nDe.uJIoxeHHbrfi

.[[. A.

bapxanou.

flponsno.nu-

TerbHocrb

BH6paIIHOHHOTO

MerOAa n

i0-20

paa

BbIlIe,

a

croHMocrb

B 3-6

pa3

HHXe

pytlHofo

MeroAa;

rry6HHa

CKBa)KHH

-

Ao

15-20

fil

(sa

HcKJIIoqeHHeI{

cKaJlbHblx,

-

rroJrycKaJlbHblx

14

raJIer{HbIX

fpyHToB).

Eyponoft

KoMnJeKT

Mo>r{er

6ltrt

ycraHoBJIeH

Ha

rpy3oBofi

aBToMamHHe.

PoropHoe

6ypenue

B [paKTr{Ke

11H}KeHepHo-reoJrofl{qe-

CKHX

r,rsblcKaHHfi

npl{MeHqercfl

B Hacrofluee

BpeMfl

B

oc-

HOBHOM

npH noHCKax

H

pa3BeAKax

IIa.BOAy.

llpuHuunu

pa3MeqeHLIfl

cKBaxHH

(n

ApyrHx

ropHblx

Bblpa6oroK)

I{ rJIy6HHa,

Ao

Koropofi

ux

cJIeAyEr

AoBo.l,HTb'

ycTaHaBJIHBaIorCff

B

KaxAoM

KoHKpeTHoM

cnyqae

B co-

orBercTBI4H

C

BHAOM

npoeKTHpyeMoro

coopyx(eHl{f''

npeo6JIaAaFo[lHM

cocraBoM

IIopoA,

creneHblo

HX

HeO]lHo-

poAnocrs,

AHCJIOUHpOBaHHOCTH

H

ApyrI{MH

Qaxropauu.

llpu

npeABapHTeJIbHbIX

H3bIcKaHHrx

cKBax(HHbI

pecno-

rararorcq

raKHM

O6paSoU,

riro6bl

rlolKHo

6uno

nony-

rrl,rrb

o6utylo

cpaBHHTeJIbHyIo

oueHKy

reoJloro-nHT0"IofH-

qecKr{x

14

rHAporeoJIoruqecKHx

ycJIoBI'lIi IIeJIOTO

pafioHa,

oxBarbrBaFolrlefo

ptA

yqacrl(oB Bo3IUO}KHOfO

pacno.'Ioxe-

HWfl

COOpyX{eHHft.

Ha

BbIflBJIeHHbIX

KoHKypI'Ipytourux

yqacrKar-

pacno'rlo-

)KeHHtI

nJIOTHHbI

B

npOqecce

IIpeABapHTeJIbHbIX

H3bICKa-

Hrrit o6sIqHo

oKa3blBaercfl

AocrarorlHblM

6ypeuue

He6oxb-

luoro KoJIHqecrBa

cKBax(Hu

AJlfi

flOJtyIreHHq

noflepeqHoro'

reoJrorHr{ecKoro

paSpe3a

AoJIHHbI

nO OCH

CTBOpa

nJICTHHbI'

flpn

oKoHliarerbHbtx

H3blcKaHHflx,

BblnorHqeMbIX

AJlfi'

cocraBJIeHHfl

TexHHrlecKoro

npoeKTa, cerb

6yponulx

cKBa-

TJIABA

IT

ETbI

P

HATIIATA,I.

cKBaxHH

npH

?TOt{

MofyT

H3MeHflTbCrr

B

rrrHpoKHX

npeAe_

ilax

r{

noJrx(Hbr

onpeAeJrrrTbcfl

Arrfl

Ka)r(Aoro

.

o6iexra

reonofaMH

COBMeCTHO

C

npoeKTHpOBrrIHKaMH.

Ha

nJrorrlaAKax

MaurHHHoro gAaHHq,

6eroHuofi

rurorn_

Hbr

H

.qpyrrrx

orBercrBeHHbrx

coopyxeHufi

ruApoysna

cKBax(HHbr

pacnoJlaratoT

rro

ceTKe

Ha

paccToflHHH

Lv-zo

itr

npyr

or

.u,pyra

H sar.ty6,nrrcT

HH>Ke

noAorrrBbr

coopyxeHHrr.

Ans

ocBeuIeHHfl

Tpaccbr

.u,epr.rBauHoHHoro

KaHaJra

npo_

H3BoArrcr

urypQonauue

H

pasBeAoqHoe

6ypeune

no

no-

[epeqHriKaM.

Pasne4xa

yqau{aercq

Ha

KocoropHbrx

yqacr_

*u;r^"

_:ll^i"!::eqeHHH..rpaccofi

cKrroHoB

perrHbrx

reppac.

na

rpacce

rlnHrreJrbu.ofi qepHB.a\HH,eu6zpaeuofi

o6uqHo

rto

AaHHbrM

Aera"uuHofi

reo,rotuqecxofi

c.beMKH,

cKBa)KH_

HbI

fi ropHbre

nnrpa6orxN

pacnoJrararorcs

B

Mecrax

pes_

KHx

ugueHensfi

pe.ule$a,

r:exronuqecxofi

crpyKTypbr

pafi-

oHa

H

JHTo/rorHqecKoro

cocraBa

nopoA.

Oco6enso

nor_

poglo

pa3BeAbrBarorcs

nopraJrbHbre

yqacrKn.

I

opHbre

nsrpa6orxn

s 6o.nsmHHcrBe

cfiyqaeB

ocyurecr_

BJItIorcff

B

Ao[oJrHeHHe

K

6ypeHurc,

Ho

HepeAKo

HMeror

r{

caMocToflTeJrbHoe

3HaqeHHe.

Tanu

ropHbrx

erupa6orox

H

opueHTHpoBorrHbre

yKa3a-

Hufl

o6

Hx

rpur{eHeHrcu

npuBeAeHhr

s

ri6n.

t+_tO.

,KH,H

CTYUIAETC'I

H

PACJIONAIAIOTCfl OHH

Y)|{C

TOJIbKO

HA

eu6paHHux

yqacrKax

H

rpaccax

coopyxenuii.

B

paftoHe

nJrornHbr

B

sTor

nepuoA,

KaK

npaBn.nb,

npo6yp,

glop^.KB€)KHH-;;ffi

';il#;"?1"'olf.'r'"t#r*H;t^1

xa

50-100

;r

nnepx

H

BHH3

o,

"r"op":E;;;-;';ff;;,;

nopq.[-

Ta6nuqa

14-10

Tnnu

ropnbrx

nupa6orox

Haraaune

eupa6oror

Pasueprr

ceqeHuq

B

,t

lny6uaa

a

u

Kanaerr

(pacvucrxu)

IUypgsr

5,0-20,0

LLIa

xrn

1,0.X

1-

,25;1,25X

I

,8;

l,4x1,g

U-lrorrrHr.r

2,0X3,0;

3,0X3,0

u

6olee

I,qX!,Q

(u

nopoae);

I

,5x2.0

C o6ssareJrbHbrM

sanay6reHHeM

Ha

l0-i0

,r

B

HeBbr-

Berpenyrc

nopoAy

20,0-30,0

u

6o.nee

14-6.

f

EOO

H3

H

II

ECKH

E

PAEOTbI

(noHnsy)

H

H)KEH

EPHO-T

EOJIOT

H

q

ECKH

E

H3hI

CKA

H

fl

415

Saexrpopa3BeAKa

AoJr)r(Ha npHMeHqrbcs

e

caMofi

Tec_

uofi yBq3Ke

c

o6ulun,t

*o"nr"^aola

reoJIofHqecKHX

HccJre_

goaauui't,

npHqeM

ToqHocrb

AaHHbrx sneKTpopa3BeAKH

He_

o6xoAlluo

KoHTponHpoBarb

npH

noMouru

6yponux

CKBAXHH.

ocHoauhtrtr

ycJroBHeM

ycneuHoro

npHMeHeHHfl

sneKTpo_

pa3BeAKH

tBJrflercq

HaJrHqHe

oqyruuoli

pa3Hurlbr

B

yAeJrbHbrx

3neKTpHqecKHX

conporHBneHHrx

uic.ue,uyevru.r

IropoA

H

BbrAepxaHHOCTb

sTOrO

''apa*erpa

B

npeAeJrax

yqacrKa

rEcc.[eAoeaHHfi

.

VAe.unsoe

3JreKTpnqecKoe

conpoTHBJreHHe

ropHbrx

nopoA

SaBHCHT

OT nopHCTOCTH,

BJIaX(HOCTH,

UUn-epa.rruSaIIHH,

lT".^lTyl:I: -?

tu**e

or

crpylffypbr

H reKcrypbr

nopoA.

\JT

cooTHoueHHr

nepequcJreHHblx

Qaxropon

yAeJrbHoe

conpoTHBJIeHHe

cyuecTBeHHO

H3N,leHqeTcg,

B

CI{ny

qefo

ero

3HaqeHHe

Ails,

pa3rHrrHbrx

TAnOB

ropHblx

nopoA

MO_

XCT

6ST'U

Y-CT.AHOBJICHO

JIHTIIb

BECbMA

OPHEHTI.IPOBOqHO

(ra6n.

l4-i

l).

Ta1ttuqa

14-l

I

OpuenrupoBoqnbre

yAeJrbHHe

sfieKTpurrecKfie

conpoTHBJreHHfl

ropHbtx

nopoA

HaHueuogarrue

)',qearHoe

conpoTHBreHHe

a

oMax

f

paurzr

fneftc

Baeaaur

flecorc

f.nn

ra

14ssecrHqx

flecqan

n x

Crauqsr

Boau

2,4.102-l0e

6,9.104-l0e

106-108

0,5-103

0,16-30

2.1(F-t0e

20_

I

0e

10-

1

03

0,02-

150

flpurrneua

rrpHBo.[sTcs

no

focronrexus,u.ar,

E

H e.

AaHHHe a.leKrpnqecxHx

bonporxnaeuuft

nopo.[

I-Hqre

B.

H.

.[axHoria,

"flpouuciroear

neo6usr*ii,;,

1947,

crp. l2-14.

OcHosHrrr'rN

BHAaMH

3JreKTpopasBeAKH,,pHMeHfleMbrMH

npI{

HHx(eHepHo-reoJIofHqecKHX

I{ghIcKaHH.flx,

ffBrqIorcq:

BepTHKanbHoe

3oHAHpOBaHHe,

sJreKTpOnpoQu.rrupoeauue

L1

greKTpuqecxufi

xapporax(

cKBalKr.rH.

Bepraraaluoe

goHAr{poBaHHe

Aaer

Bo3Mox(Hocrb

ocBe-

PA?,A,EJI

BTOPOfr

.

HCCNENOBAHHfl

,

H?6ICKAHHfl

,

THTPOJIOTHU

ECKHE

PACTTEThI

416

Kpot*re

roro, B

[ocneAHee BpeMfl

npnMellrercfl

TaK Ha-

gttsaeluHfi

<Mero4

3apqr(eHuoro

reJla>, c

noMourblo Koro-

poro

onpeAersroTcq

HarpaBJreHHe H

cKopocrb

rypAseMHoro

rroroKa

no oAnofi npo6ypennoft

cxsax(Hr e.

r4-7.

IHAPOTEOJTOTHqECKH E

pAEOTbr

O6uee

ocBeureHue

rHAporeoJrornqecKnx

yc.nonuri

B

pafione

trpoeKrHpyeMbrx

rHAporexHHqecKHx

coopyxeuufi

AaeTcfl

B npouecce

IIpotr3BoAcTBa r{Hx(eHepHo-reonorHqe-

cxofi

gseuxu

(onncauue

o6uaxesnfi, HcroqHHKoB, KoJroA-

ueB

I{ r.

A.)

H

pa3BeAoqHbrx

pa6or.

Atts

Aetamuofi

xapaKTepHcrHKH

ruAporeoJrorHrlecKux

yc.nonufi

npousBoAqrcs

c[euHaJrbHbre HccJre4oBaHr.rs:

Hgy-

qeHHe

pex(HMa

IIoASeMHbrx BoA,

onbrTHbre

oTKaqKLI, Ha-

fHeTaIIHg

H

HaJIHBbI

BOAbr

B CKBaXHHbI,

HaJIHBbT BOAbI

e

nypQu

H

onpeAeJreHHe

ecrecrBeHHbrx

cxopocrei'l noA-

3eMHOrO

nOTOKa.

l. Hsy.renne

pe)KHMa

rroAseruHbrx

BoA

HsyueHue

pex(HMa

no43eMnbrx BoA HMeer

ueJrbro

Bbrff-

gHTb

3aKOHOMepHOCTH

B

H3MeHeHHTX

ypOBHr,

XHMHqe-

cKoro

cocraBa,

reMneparypbr

H

pacxoAa

(a.nr

r{croqHr{-

xoe)

Bo BpeMeHH.

Ha

ocHoBe

grHx

gaKoHoMepnocreii

BogMoxHo:

a)

ycrauonurl

4eficrnureJrbHoe

rroJrox(enr.re

Aenpec-

cuouuofi

rroBepxHocrn

noAgeMnbrx

BoA B

pa3JluqHbre

Mo-

MeHThr

BpeMeHH;

6)

oIleHurb

xapaKTep

cBq3H

pa3"rrnr{Hhrx

BoAoHocHbrx

ropH3oHToB

MexAy

co6ofi

H

pexoft, ycfioBas

Hx

rrwratrrfl.

u

cToKa;

a) ocBeruTb

BoAo[poHr.rqaeMocrb

BoAoHocHbrx nopoA

nyreM

onpeAeneHHq

xoaQQuuueura

nbe3onpoBoAHMocrH

HJrH ypoBHenpoBoAHMocTH

nopoA:

Kh

o

:

;

-tutz,CvmKU,

|"

rAe

(-xos$suquenr

Qu"rrlrpaqr.rH

n ulcgrrcu;

/t

-

cpeAHqfi

MoUIHOCTb

BOAOHOCHO|O

rOpH3OHTa

B

";p

-

HeAOCTaTOK

HacbrrqeHHq

HrrH

BOAOOTAaqa

nO-

PoArt;

r)

oqeuurt

oTHocHTeJrbHyro

BeflHrruHy

unsuntrpaqtroH-

fioro.

nr{TaHurr

rpyHToBbrx

BoA aruoc$epHbrMu

oca.[Ka-

MH (a).

VragauHue

AaHHbre

ueo6xoAnt'lsr

npn

npoH3BoAcrBe

pacrreToB

rroAnopa

rpyHToBbrx

BoA

A,'rf

oqeHKH

Bo3Mo)K-

Hocru

rroATorlneHnr reppnTopun H

QrurrpaquoHr{blx

no-

Tepb

H3 BOAOXpaHHIHTTI.

Oco6esgo

Ba)KHbrMH

qBrflrorcq

sa6nrcAegus 3a

pe)KH-

MoM

noAgeMubrx

BoA n

pafiouax pa3BnTr.rrr

rpeurr{HoBa-

TbIX

H SaKapCTOBaHHbrX

nOpOA,

rAe TOJTbKO

IIO

AJrHTeJrbHbrM

ua6rrc4enuau

ga

xore6aHHqr\.rH

ypoBHfl,

xr.rMHqecKoro

cocTaBa

H

pacxoAa

BoAbr B

HcTorIHLrKax, cKBa)KHHax

Ll

oTKpbrTbrx

BoAoToKax

v

BoAoeMax Mox(Ho

onpeAeJrHTb

yqacrKH

sncoxofi BoAonpoHr.ruaeMocrH

(rpeutuHoBarocrr4,

3aKapcroBanuocrn)

ropoA. 3rn ua6.tnAeuns, nporon-

)KeHHbIe

npH

HanoJrHeHHH

14

3KCnJryaTaUHH BOAOXpaHHAH-

uI?,

no3BoJIrIoT

oIIeHHTb

HaJrHqHe

Su.nnrpaqnoHHbrx

yre-

rIeK

H

nyTH,

tro

KoropbrM oHH npoucxoAflr

nau6onee r.rH-

TCHCHBHO.

Ha nepnofi

craAHH

r{rrx(euepHo-reoJrorr.rqecKnX

r.rsblcKa-

sufi ua6.nrcAeuns

sa

pe>KHMoM

noA3eMHbrx

BoA npous-

BoAflTcff

B

pagBeAoqHbrx

cKBa)KHr{ax,

ruyp$ax,

a raKx(e

B

HCTOIIHHKAX

H KOJIOAUAX.

HA BTOPOft

CTA.UHI{

H3bICKA-

nr,tfi o6H,{Ho co3Aaercs

cneuuanbHarr

cerb

ga6.nnAare.nl-

rHbrx

.nyHKTo,B

nyTeM

-[onoJrHHTeJrbHrOIo

,6ypeHfiq

TaK

Ha-

3brBaeMblx

<pex(HMHbIx>

cKBalKHH.

Ha6nrcaareJrbHbre

nyHKTbr

pacnonararcTcfl

no

nonepeqHuKaM

o6srquo

Hop-

MaJrbHo

K

peKe,

a B BepxHeM

6teQe

n6rusu coopyxeHue,

napaJrnelbHo

H

IroA

yrJroM

K

peKe

B

cooTBeTcTBlrH c

Ha=

ilpaBneHueM o6xoAsoro

Sra"rrnrpaqnoHHoro

noroKa

H3

BepxHero 6neQa

B

suxnr.rfi. B

seoAuopoAnuix ronrqax

nopoA,

coAepxarrIHX

pfiA

BoAoHocHbrx ropueofror, He-

peAxo 6Hsaer BecbMa

BaxHo npousBoAr{Tb

Ha6nroAeHnrl

B

Ka)KAoM

HB

HHx B

orAenbHocrg.

Ans

ernx

qerefi

ycra-

HaBJrHBalorcff

noc.nofiuue

nbegoMerpbr.

O6uree KoJrHqecr-

Bo

u

r.rry6una

sa6.nrcAareJrbHbrx nsrpa6oroK

onpeAeJrrror-

cfi

penresorrr MecTHocTH

Ir

rroJro)KeHHeM

LrccneAyeMbrx

BOAOHOCHbTX nOpHSOHTOB.

Ha6.[rcAeHHq

ga

pe)KHMoM

noA3eMnbrx

BoA corrpoBox-

Aarorcfl

ua6nrcAesHsMu sa

xore6aHuqMn

yponneft

H

pac-

xoAos BoAu B

per(ax

H

osepax

v MeTeopoJrorHqecKHMH

Ha6lnAenufrv.H.

Anq

gTHx

ue.nefi

opranx3yrorcr

BoAo-

MepHbre

nocTbr,

rr,rApoMeTpHqecKHe

H MeTeopoJrorHqecKHe

cTaHuHH.

2.

Onurnue

orKaqKH

Onrtrsrre

orKaqKH

(o4nHounue

H

xycroeue) cJry)Kar

Arrs

onpeAereHuq

xoa$$uuuenra

Qu.nmpaqun.

OnurHHe orKaqKH npou3BoAfiTcs npeuMyuecrBeHHo

npH r.rSbrcKaHr{ffx

Arq

rrpoeKTHoro

SaAaHHff fi

TexHHrte.

cKolo

npoeKTa,

npHqeM

B rrocJreAHeM

cryrlae oHH

npn-

yporrHBaIoTcfl

coopyxeHufi.

K

KOHKpeTHbTM yqaCTKaM

paCnOnOx(eHHf

llpn

oAuHorrHbrx

orKaqKax sa6nrcAareJrbHbre cKBa>I(HHbr

oTcyrcrByror

14

ua6.nrcAesns 3a

rIo"'-ro)K€HH€M

Aelrpec-

crlonnofi

xpunofi iroA3eMHoro noroKa

He

BeAyrcq:

ypo-

BeHb

BoAbr 3aMepflercg n rofi

x(e cKBax(HHe, Hz

rotopofi

fipou3BoAHTcq

orKaqKa. flpn HeBo3MolKHocrr,r

npor.r3Bo-

AHTb

r3aMepbr

ypoBHrI

B

cauoft

onrrrsofi cKBa)KHHe

AJrfl

srHX

qeneft

ycrpauBarorcq

cfieuuaJrbHbre, TaK l{a3brBae-

Mbre

sarpy6urre cKBa>Kr{Hbr, orcroflulue or ocuosHofi Ha

paccroqnun

0,5-1,0

11,

HJIH

sarpy6nrre ilbegoMerpbr

-

ToHr(He rpy6xH,

ilprrKpenneHHbre

HenocpeAcrBeHHo

K

$nnnrpy

ononnoft cKBaxr.rHbr.

Ans

npoHgBoAcrBa

KycroBbrx

oTKaqeK npo6ypnnaercfl

cucreMa vrrr4

Kycr

cKBax(HH, B r{oTopoM oAHa

(uenr-

pa;ruHan)

cJryx<lir xrenocpeAcrBeHHo

AJrff

orKar{KH,

ccraflb-

Hbre

(na6.nrcAare.nsnue) pacnonararorcrr

Ha onpeAeJreH-

HoM

paccroffHnr.r

or

qeHTpa.nrsofi

fi cJry>Kar

AJrfl

3aMepoB

ypoBHq

noA3eMrrbrx

BoA

flpfi

orKar{Ke.

tluc.no

cKBaxHH

B

KyCTe

3aBHCr.rT OT XapaKTepa BOAOHOCHbTX

rrOpOA

H

Tpe-

6yrcueficr roqHocrn

onpeAeneHHq xoa$QuuueHra

Qu.nrr-

pa[r.ru.

Hau6o,ree

qacro

npdueureuue

cxeMbr

onblTHbrx

KycroB rroKa3aHbr

ua

$ur.

l4-1,e,

6, B, e.

tlnc"rro

orrbrrHbrx orKarreK

vt Hx

pacnpeAeJreHue

B

npe-

AeJrax

yqacrKa

coopyxenufi

ycraHaBJrHBaror,

trcxoAs

Hg

rHAporeoJrornqecKHx

yc"ronnfi

H

3aAaq npoeKTr{poBatiln.

flpurr,repnne yKa3aHr.rfi

rro sroruy

Bonpocy

ilpHBoArrrcr

B

'ra6n.

14-12.

flpn

orrblTHbrx

orKaqKax

usMepflrorcs

pacxoAbr (ae6n-

rn)

H

noHux(enuff

ypoBHff

RoAbr

B cKBalr(HHax.

Ens

no-

JryqeHufl

6o.uee

.qocroBepgbrx

AaHHbrx

o6uquo

Aaercfl

2-3 IIoHHx{eHHq, [pHqeM

lHa

Ka,x(Aolr ug nHX orKaq'Ka

npoAoJr)r(aercfl or 8

.qo

24

qac.

(n

sanrrcr.rMocrH

or

BoAo-

npoHrIrIaeMocrrl

nopo4) rrocJre

.{ocr,H)KeHHfl

npaKrr{qecKH

tlocrorlHHbrx

tseJrl,Mtrr

pacxoAa

v

yponueft

tso Bcex

cKBa-

)r(HHax.

BerH,I,uHa xoeQSnqrleura

Qr.r.nsrpaquu

Ha ocHoBaHI{H

onbITHbIx orKaqeK,paccq,LlTnnaercrr

tto

$optuy"uau,

npnBe-

AerI,HbrM

E ra6Jr. l4-13,

14-14

u

l4-15.

,

HIABA

IETbIPHMIIATrA.

H HXEH

EPH O.TEOJIOTHv ECKH E NsbI

CKAH Hfl

4t7,

[Ipodoameuuc ra6r.

14-12

O6rer"r

H

pacnpereJreHue

onbrrnbtx

orKar{eK

flpoerruoe

3AAAHHC

l.

Ha nepBoM

grane

r.rgucxauuft

AntI

npoeKTHoro SaAaHHfl

npor.r3BoAflTcfi

oAll-

Horrr{bre oTKaqKH

}r3 xapaKTepHbrx BoAo-

Hocribilx

ropr.rgoHToB

B

pafione

BosMo)K-

Horo

pacnonolxeHufl

coopyxennfi

2.

Ha

BropoM

orane

ngntcxanufi

npo-

H3BOAflTCff OAUHOIIHbIC I,I

KYCTOBbIC

OT-

xaqKr{

Ha Kax(AoM

KoHr(ypHpylouleM

yqacrKe pacnoJrolKeHHrr

coopyxeuufi:

a) Ha

yrlacrKe

nJlorr.rHbl A fAC

rpo-

u3BoAHTcq rro

2-3

orKarrKr.r

B npeAeJrax

Kax(Aoro

uopQo.roruqecKoro

g.rreMeHTa

peunoft

AoJrlrHbr

(nofiua,

Teppacbr,

Ko-

penHbre

cxnonnr);

6) no

rpacce

Aepunaqufi

upou3BoAqr-

cg o,lI,HHorIHbIe oTKaqKH

Ha

yKa3aHHbIx

gJreMeHTax

peuuofi

AoJrHHbr;

qucJro

orKa-

qeK

3aBI,ICHT

OT

nporflX(eHr.rrr

Tpaccbr

t4,

xapaKTepHbrx

usrvreHenHfi reonofHqecKr.rx

ycroaufi

u

penre$a

\

T"

1

cxenot

pacnoJtoctceHun

@ue.

I4-I

cKBACT{lttt

npu

onbITHbLx

oT&aqfiax

Ta6nuqa

14-12

O6nacru

npHMeHeHI{q

onblTHbtx

oTKaqeK

O6reu

H

pacnpereJleHxe onHTnblx

oTXaqeK

Texsnqe-

cnnfi

npoeKr

Onuruue

orKaqKH, ttper.rMyrqecrBeHHo

KycToBhre,

npoH3BoAffTcrr

Ha

oKoHrraTeJIb-

Ho

nrr6pauuux

crBopax

pacrroJrolKerrufl

orAe.rrbHbrx

coopyxenufi.

r{uc.no

KycroB

v.

ray6nua

onpo6yeuux 3oH

ycraHaBn[-

BAIOTCq

B COOTBETCTBHI'I

C

ilPOCKTOM

Texnuxo-

SKOIIOMHqC-

crufi

AoKJraA

(13A)

Ha

yqacrKax BoBMo>KHofo

Pacnono-

)KeHr{ff

rrJrorr.ru

npoll3BoAlrcfl

(no

oco-

6nu

gaAaHI{sM)

numr

oAHHotIHbIe

or-

KaqKH B CKa.rrbHbrx tr

[oJIycKaJIbHbIx

no-

poAax.

KoaQ$uuHeHrbI

Sn"rrtrpaunu

nec-

qaHbrx

nopoA Mo)I{Ho onpeAeJlgTb

IIo

na6oparopHbrry

aHaJII{BaM.

.

Tax KaK onpeAeTreuue xoaQ$auaeura

Su.nrrpauuu

sB-

nseTcf

TpyAoeMKoft

pa6orofi,

peKoMeHAyercq

cooTBeTcrBy-

toulue

$a.rrrrpauaouHbre

pacrlerbr

rrpou3BoAr{Tb

cHaqaJra

no opHeHrHpoBoqHbrM

xapaKTepHcTr.rKaM BoAonpoHHqae-

MOCTH IIOpOA,

a 3areM

peur{Tb

BOnpOC,

saCKOJTbKO

HeO6-

XOAHMbI

ONbITHbIC

OTKAqKI,T,

C

YTICTOM

KOHKPCTHbIX

3AAA-

sufi HsbrcxaHr.rfi.

P

acqelrue

Sopuyau

Ta6nuqa

14-13

Qopny;ru

Afls

pacrrera

xoeSQuqneHTa

QuJrbrpa[lltl

K

no oAHHoqHbIM

orKarIKaM

H3

coBepIIreHIIbIx cKBax]IH

Pacnoao-

iKEHI,IE

I(BA)I(I,IH

OT-

HOCUTEJIb-

HO

BO,nOeMa

fu.apas.rnvecxnft

THn no,ll3eMHblx

BO.tr

Cxeuu

K_

(14-r)

0,366

Q

lg

R

fg

ftso

F

o

E{

z.

0)

F

418

Pacnoao-

)|(CHHC

KBA}KHH

OT-

HOC[ITEJIbHO

BOltOcMa

(U

C)

F

.\J

co

fn.upanrtnvecrHii

THn

no,[SeMHbtx

B()n

EesHanopu

sre

Bor'u

PASIIEJI'BTO

POn.

HCCJIEUOBAH

H

ft,

prT

bt

1KAH

Hfl

,

rH

IpOJrOr

H

rr

E)KH

E

Cxg/vrr

@uz.

11-

3

I

Pacqersr,re

Qopvyau

llpodoauceflue

ra6rt.

]4- l,l

Aerop

(r4-2)

K_

0,732

O

fg

3

fg

s

o

(2Fl-so)

I

r<

a

q)

fl

o

ta

(f)

H

\o

co

Hanopuue

BO,U,bl

a

@uz.

ro

I4

-4

K:

2a

lg-

fg

(14-3)

o)

'4)

a_

X

EeauanopHne

BONbI

<Duz.

I4-5

K-

2a

lg-

fs

_!.a?_q_

so

(2H

-

so)

(14-4)

HIABA

IJa

uopune

BO.U,Ur

E

()

o

lq

t<

o

N

:l

G'

a

EesuanopHue

BO.itbr

H3bICKAHH'T

tI

ET br P

H Al

qArM.

H

WKE

H E

p

H O

-t

EO

Jr O r

H

rt

E c

Kr[

E

419

Ta1nuqa

14-14

Qopuy;ru

Ann

pacqera

xoes{uquenra

{urrrpaqun

K

no

KycroBbrM

orKaqKaM

H3

coBepueHHbrx

cKBa)r(HH

Creuu

@uz.

14-6

Pac'{erHrte

Qoprayarr

Aarop

Pacqer

tto

AByM

Ha6flroAa-

TEJIbHbIM

CKBA)KHIIAM

:

f,

-

0,366

Q

K:;---T-te2

(14_s)

(s1-s2)

rz

11

\

-

Pacqer

no

_

rrpuBfl3rroMy

rrbe-

3oMerpy

n Ha6an,qare.nruofi

cKBa-

)I(HHC:

4E

'0,366Q.

11

n

:

;-=1

-

lg

-

(s6-sr)

m

"

rt)

'(14-6)

o

Pacser

no.(ByM

na6.nro

HbIM

CKBA)KHEAM:

0,732Qt52

(:

f1

,4,aTenb-

(14-7)

(sr-s:)

(2f/-s1-s2)

Pacqer

rro

[pHBs3HoMy

nbe-

3oMerpy

n

ua6.nrcAare.nunoft

cKBa_

)KUHE:

K:

0,732

Q

fg

a

fe

(s6--sr)(2l1-so

-

sr

)

( I

4.-8)

()

o

EI

(o

l;

\o

Hauopaue

Bo-

AbI:

nyq,

uep-

rreHArrKynffp-

u.brfi x

6epery

BOAOCMA

@uz.

I4-B

Pacqer

ro

oAHoft

Ha6nrc,[a-

tellnofi

cKBaxHHe:

,,

0,366

Q

2aIr,

l(:-lg:

(14-9t

lltst

o

f1

\--

-'

Paccer

no

rByM Ha6nroAaTerb-

HbIM

CKBAT(NHAM:

r,

0,366Q

l.2a*rt

A:-llpl.-_

m (s1-s2)

\

'-

11

2a*

r, \

_rg;)

(14_10)

B

Qopuy.rrax

(14-9)

u

( 14-10)

3HaK

nJrroc

nepeA

f

1

H

f2

IpHHH_

Maercg,

KofAa

na6aro.(areJlbrrafl

cKBaxHHa

pacflonox{eHa

Ha

Jryqe,

HanpaBJreHHOM

OT

qeHrpallHofi

cKnax(r.tHbr

n rly6t

6epera;

Mnrryc,

ecau

na6nroAarenbuafl

cKBaxuua

HaxoAHTCfl

Mex,rry

BoAoeMoM

H

qenrpa.nrnofi

cxsaxnHofi

>.

\o

$

I

a

6)

=

r=

0.)

x

o

e

420

PASNEJI

BTOPON.

HCCNEIIOBAHNfl

,

NS6ICKAHHfl

,

THIIPOJIOTN'TECKHE

PAC'TETH

Pacnoao-

)|(CHHC

CKBA'TCHH

oTHocl{-

TEJIbHO

BO.

.u,oeMa

Hanopuue

BoAbr:

nYe,

Irapan-

aeasHufi

6e-

pefy

BoAoeMa

6esuauopuue

BO.qH:

nyql

nepneHAHr(y-

rxpnnfi 6epe-

fy

BoAoeMa

(u

o

l{

o

(Y)

N

€

Ifpo)ottttceuue

ra6n.

14-14

/

Cxeusr

@uz.

I4-9

@uz.

14-10

Pacqernue

Qopllyau

P

acqer no

oAr{oft Ea6rroAarenb-

Eofi

cKBaxuHe:

:ry,rf+L(,4_'r)

Pac,rer

rro

AByM

ua6ro.qare.ur-

ITbIM

CKBA}I(HHAM.

,<:

o:tuu

Q,

f_t

4a2+r2l

/n

(s1-s2)

\

t

'r

nor*rrr*

(14-12)

4

-

paccToflHI{e

qeHrpaarHofi

Paccer no orxofi Ha6apAarern-

Hofi cxsaxnge:

0,732

Q

2aXrr

K:-lq.=.-.-

(14-13)

s,(2H-s,)-o

11

\-

-

Pacqer rro

,rI,ByM

Ha6arcnatenr-

HbIM

CKBAXHHAM:

K:

0,732

Q

(sr-sr)

(2H

-

sr

-

sz)

f

2al r, 2a*

r"1

Xl

Ig

-

^-lg:

|

(14-14)

Lrtr2l

B

Sopuyaax

(14-13)

u

(14-14)

3HaK IIJIIOC nepeA

f1

tl

f2 upIitHH-

MaeTcs, KoFAa

Ha6rIonaTeJrbHaf

cKBaxHHa

pacnonoxeHa

Ha

Jryqe,

HanpaBJreEHoM

or

qeurpallHofi

cKBa)r(eHbr nray6r

6epera;

MH-

Hyc,

ecJIH Ha6ato.[arenbHaff

cKBa-

xr.rEa Haxo!,HTcr

Mexly

Bonoe-

MoM H

uenTpanbuofi

cxsaxuuoft

+

lg2

f1

peKH

AO

BA)KHIIbI

)

OT

CK

:r

\o

G'

I

c.)

0)

t

x

o.

o

A.

EesuanopHne

BOAbr:

nyq,

na-

pannenbHnft

6e-

pery

BoAoeMa

Pac,rer

no

o,u,sofi

xa6ltotrarear-

ofi cxsaxuHe:

r_

0,732

Q

.'/

4o'+4

.

:

-

(14-lD)

s,(2H-sr)

--

rt

,

Pacqer no

AByM

Ha6lp4are.nr-

bIM CKBA)I(HIIAM:

K:

0,732

Q

(s,

-

sil (2H

-

sr-sr)

4

-

paccToffHHe

oT

peKH

AO

IreETpanbuofi

crsaxurrbl

X

@uz.

11-II

s-;

F-:

TJIABA

qET6IPHAilqATAfl.

HH)T(EHEPI]O.TEOJTO.H'TECKHE

HgbICKAHHfl

421

-l o

--l

\

go

oo_

c\

o

ri

h

o

a

c,

F

q,

(J

S

I

3

-'l

Sl*'

-'l

g

al

.o

|

,oo

8l*'

o'l

ll

HrcxJHHdnJ-Huxmfgeg

I

t

t1

lr

!D

I

\

(\)

s

cr)

I

\'

$i

\

s

X

6

E(

o

X

(!

U'

(u

ro

\

I

\tt

$i

s

c\l

I

\t

t.;

a

x

qt

ij

x

tr

E{

:t

AS

pQv

F

I

.t

\o

I

v

IJ

s

b

\3

F\

x

Y

la

o

x

()

q)

lll

o

(J

q)

(r)

|l

v

r(

F

o

F

(J

E

o

s

F

'g

cl

F

{)

t

s

(l)

o

ll

F

tu

I

ctl

A

li,

s,

ti."

:f,,.

ii}

-

F]

j'

*:

iri

*

f'

E*\

t"l

@'E

Eoo)

q)F<

:iQO

Aa

EEo

PiT

oaH

Slac,

F{:EF

cr=

()

u*rot

H

*

L>ot

: uoIrJ

uJJb'lnon

x olHflamosro

ou

BHqtrarr{hp'ra'

edw'uQ

uurarly

.Bxrootsos

ro

L'erg

ВОДГЕО - Справочник по гидротехнике. Раздел 1 и 2

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.