Van Harmelen F., Lifschitz V., Porter B. Handbook of Knowledge Representation
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1002 Subject Index
simulation-based diagnosis, 426
situated automata, 906
situation, 217, 230–232, 649, 898
situation assessment, 398, 436
situation calculus, 649, 650, 684, 870
size of spatial region, 568
skeptical inference, 242
sketch maps, 383
sketch understanding, 383
Skolem function, 26
skolemization, 118
SKOS, 939
smodels, 699, 700
SMODELS, 798
smoothness, 269
snap-scan, 582
snapshots, 582
SNARK, 59, 61, 65
SNOMED, 165
social choice, 920
soft constraint propagation, 196
software agents, 887
software debugging, 456
software development, 59
software verification, 59, 60
sole mechanism assumption, 375
solid objects, 603
solution counting, see model counting
sort, 10
sorted logic, 700
soup bowl example, 760, 764
SP, see survey propagation
space, 700
Spass, 59, 63
Spatial Aggregation Language, 374
spatial analogies, 383
spatial change, 581
spatial data mining, 384
spatial modal logic, 574
spatial points, 554
spatial reasoning, 572
spatial regions, 554
spatial relations, 556
spatial semantic hierarchy, 583
spatial vagueness, 571
spatio-temporal representation, 582
specification language, 903
SPIDER, 60
splitting in theorem proving, 36
SRI, 61
stable model semantics, 66
STAR algebra, 567
state-based diagnosis, 424
state constraint, 425, 689, see domain constraint
statement
state constraints, 761, 802
state transitions, finding, 380
statics, 607, 609
statistical learning techniques, 73
statistical physics, 111, 112
status abstraction, 366
Stickel, 59
stimulus, 439
stochastic local search, see local search
stochastic sampling, 485
stochastic situation calculus, 871
story understanding, 701
strategic ability, 909
strategic structure of environment, 888
strategy, 913, 915
strategy scheduling, 20
strategy selection, 20
stratified logic programs, 293
streamlining, 121
STRIPS, 61, 876
strong cyclic planning, 847
strong equivalence, 299, 765
strong exception, 301
strong planning, 845
strong qualification, 740
structural approach, 161
structural induction, 57
structural subset, 899
structural subsumption algorithm, 138, 155, 161
structural superset, 899
structure, 9
structure relations, 568
structured inheritance networks, 138
subformula renaming, 700
subsets of resolution, 31
subsort, 11
substitutable term, 9
substitution, 9, 28
subsumption, 33, 137, 141
hierarchy, 137
in EL, 163, 165
in FL
0
, 162, 163
structural algorithm, 138, 155
subtheories, 65
subworld, 899
successor state axiom, 656, 663
successor states, 915
SUMO, 939
supernormal default, 250
supervaluation theory, 571
supplementary AGM postulates for contraction,
321
supplementary AGM postulates for revision,
319
survey propagation, 111
Swoop, 168
symmetry, 193
symmetry breaking, 104, 193
Subject Index 1003
symmetry breaking predicate, 105
synchronous, 636
synchronous systems, 918
syntactic structure, 783
system of spheres, 327
system Z, 271
tableau algorithm, 138
tableau based approach, 146
tableau expansion rules, 148
TACITUS, 61
TAL, 709, see L(ND)
circumscription policy, 731
formula, see L(ND)
statement, see L(ND)
TAL 1.0 (PMON
+
), 711
TAL 2.0, 711
TAL-C, 711
TAL-Q, 711
VITAL research tool, 713
TALplanner, 712, 747
task-specific ontology, 940
task types, 930
tautology, 5, 33
TBox, 136, 140, 166
definitorial, 141, 149, 154, 163
general, 161, 163, 165
template-based representations, 490
temporal action logics, 684, see TAL
temporal arguments, 522
temporal diagnosis, 424
temporal intervals, see temporal structures, in-
tervals
temporal logic, 60, 890
alternating, 526
ATL, 527
automated deduction, 529, 532
branching, 525
classical logic representation, 522
CTL, 526
density, 522
Duration Calculus, 524, 525
first-order, 528
monodic, 528
hybrid, 524, 528
interval, 518, 519, 523
ITL, 523
linear, 520
LTL, 520
modal representation, 520
axiom systems, 529
past-time, 521
propositional, 515
QPTL, 527
quantification over paths, 525
quantification over propositions, 527
real-time, 524
reified, 521
TLA, 531
Temporal Logic of Actions, see temporal logic,
TLA
temporal reasoning, 62
automated deduction, 529, 532
Chronolog, 532
in agent-based systems, 527
in model checking, 532
in natural language, 530
in probabilistic model checking, 535
in PSL/Sugar, 534
in reactive systems specification, 531
in temporal data mining, 535
in temporal databases, 535
in temporal description logics, 534
M
ETATEM, 532
proof systems, 529
Templog, 532
Tempura, 532
temporal structures, 514
automata representation, 517
branching, 714
density, 516
discreteness, 515
first-order representation, 516
granularity, 516
in TAL, 714
intervals, 514, 518, 519, 523
linear, 714
linearity, 517
organisation, 517
real-time, 517
timed automata, 517
tense, 701
term, 8
term indexing, 21
term-rewriting system, 44
terminating rewrite system, 46
termination orderings, 38
test, 438
test generation, 399, 439
test input, 439
testing, 444
theorem prover, 59
theorem proving applications, 58
theory base, 330
theory of a model, 256
theory of a possible world structure, 257
theory of mind, 888
therapy, 402
thermostat example, 691
three containers example, 363
threshold satisfiability, 111
time ontology, 939
time period, 672
1004 Subject Index
timepoint, 674
time points, 898
time scales in modeling, 379
token ordering graph, 569
TopBraid Composer, 168
topological distance, 582
topological primitive, 559
topological qualitative spatial representations,
381
topology, 558
total envisionment, 380
TPS prover, 20
TPTP, 699, 700
TPTP problem set, 21, 22
tractable subset, 578
trafficability, 383
trajectory axiom, 692
Trans, 728
transformational development, 60
transformational rules, 60
transition-based diagnosis, 427
transitive closure, 3, 15, 17
transitive relational partial meet contraction
function, 324
translation based approach, 156
travel module, 798
TREC, 792
tree automaton, 158
tree clustering, 476
tree language, 159
tree model property, 157
treewidth, 475
trigger axiom, 691
triggered event, 691
triples, 824, 829
truth values, 4
truthful information transfer, 892
turn-based synchronous systems, 914
Tweety, 68
type, 559
U notation, 687
UIP, see unique implication point
uncertain beliefs, 467
undercommitment, 896
unfolding, 149
lazy, 150
unifiable, 30
unification, 19, 30, 66, 197
Unified Modeling Language (UML), 223
unifier, 30
uniform formulas, 662
uniform strategies, 917
unique implication point, 100
unique name assumption, 12, 834
unique names axiom, 687
unit clause, 23
unit preference strategy, 34
unit propagation, 93, 185
unit resolution, 34, 36
Universal Causation Logic, 773
universal closure, 9
universal relation, 556
Universal Resource Identifier, 824, 828
universe, 9
unobservable planning domain, 857
unraveling, 147, 157
URI, 824, 828
vagueness, 571
valid formula, 624
value restriction, 136, 140
value space, 368
Vampire, 20, 21, 62, 63
variable elimination, 475
variable resolution representations, 367
variable selection heuristic, 93
BOHM, 94
DLIS, 94
MOMS, 94
VSIDS, 94
variational methods, 486
vehicle routing, 202
VEL, 684
verification, 59, 60, 89, 907
verification language, 903
verification of protocols, 60
versatile event logic, 684
VisiGarp, 385
vision, 700
visual languages, 554
VITAL, 713
VLSI, 60
VModel, 385
vocabulary, 4
TAL, 718
voice recognition, 73
Waldmeister system, 43
walking example, 695, 696
watched literals, 94
water tank, 700
weak composition, 576
weak exception, 300
weak qualification, 740
weak supplementation principle (WSP), 557
Web infrastructure, 827
Web Ontology Language, 824, 831
well-designed system, 398, 410, 422
well-foundedness, 38
well-ordered, 337
well-ranked, 337
WHISPER,
616
Subject Index 1005
wishes, 902
word automaton, 163
WordNet, 787, 797, 939
word senses, 787, 797
work process, 459
workflow, 701
world, 898
World Wide Web, 821
XCL, 218, 222
XML, 166, 218, 235
XML Schema, 167
XOR constraint, 121
Yale shooting problem, 69, 72
Yale Shooting Problem, 653, 731
Yale shooting scenario, 686
Z specification notation, 218, 222, 235
ZenoTravel planning domain, 749
zoo world, 700
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