The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011. World Economic Forum Geneva
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2.1
Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
Albania
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009 ..............................................................................3.2
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers)........................................................28.8
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 ...............................................12.2
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................7,169.0
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................3.3
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies) ..................23
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................841...................6.8 ....................4.9
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................69...................5.5 ....................1.8
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................2,553.................20.7 ....................5.0
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................209.................16.7 ....................1.8
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................1,792.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ........1,815.7
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................71 4.0
2009 Index............................................................................................................90 3.7
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................53 4.8
Policy rules and regulations ..........................................................................46 4.6
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................72 4.5
Safety and security .........................................................................................44 5.3
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................66 4.9
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................55 4.7
T&T business environment and infrastructure ............................................91 3.3
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................96 2.5
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................97 3.1
Tourism infrastructure....................................................................................77 3.4
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................71 3.2
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................94 4.3
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources...............................................61 3.9
Human resources ............................................................................................57 5.0
Education and training .............................................................................90 4.3
Availability of qualified labor.....................................................................9 5.7
Affinity for Travel & Tourism............................................................................3 6.3
Natural resources .........................................................................................113 2.4
Cultural resources...........................................................................................83 2.0
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
1234567
105
How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles
This section presents two-page profiles for all the 139
economies included in The Travel & Tourism
Competitiveness Report 2011.
Left-hand page
Key indicators
The first section presents several key indicators that
give a sense of the size of the country and its economy.
Population and surface area figures are from the World
Bank’s World Development Indicators Online Database
(December 2010). GDP numbers are from the
International Monetary Fund (IMF)’s World Economic
Outlook Database (October 2010 edition).The
Environmental Performance Index rankings are
from YCELP, Yale University and CIESIN, Columbia
University. National sources have been consulted
where appropriate.
Travel & Tourism indicators
The second section presents Travel & Tourism (T&T)
indicators that aim to provide a measure of the past,
current, and projected future activity of Travel &
Tourism in each economy. This section is in turn split
into two parts:
The first part presents data from the Tourism
Satellite Accounting Research carried out annually
by the World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC).
Developed by the United Nations World Tourism
Organization (UNWTO), the Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD),
and Eurostat, the Tourism Satellite Accounting
(TSA) framework is a statistical tool—including
concepts, definitions, aggregates, classifications,
and tables—that is compatible with international
national accounting guidelines and allows for valid
international comparisons. The TSA also makes
these estimates comparable with other internation-
ally recognized macroeconomic aggregates and
compilations. Using the TSA approach, WTTC
estimates the current and projected future economic
contribution of Travel & Tourism in terms of an
economy’s GDP and employment. WTTC defines
the T&T industry as a narrow perspective of
T&T activity that captures the production-side
industry contribution (that is, direct impact only).
The T&T economy is a broader perspective of
Travel & Tourism that takes into consideration the
direct as well as the indirect contributions by tradi-
tional travel service providers and industry suppliers
within the resident economy.
This latter perspective is used when one
wants to understand the total impact of Travel &
Tourism on the resident economy. More informa-
tion regarding WTTC’s TSA Research, along with
details on the methodology and data, are available
at http://www.wttc.org/eng/Tourism_Research/.
The second part of the T&T indicators presents
data on international tourist arrivals and interna-
tional tourism receipts over the period 1995 to
2009. However, depending on data availability, data
may be missing for particular years. The graph
shows all available data during this period for each
economy. The data for these indicators were provid-
ed by the UNWTO.
The number of international tourist arrivals,
expressed in thousands, is the most common unit of
measure used to quantify the volume of interna-
tional tourism for statistical purposes. It includes
How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles
ROBERTO CROTTI, World Economic Forum
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
106
How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles
exclusively overnight visitors—that is, tourists who
stay at least one night in a collective or private
accommodation in the country visited. Same-day
visitors are not included. The number
of arrivals does not necessarily correspond to the
number of persons. The same person who makes
several trips to a given country during a given
period will be counted as a new arrival each time.
International tourism receipts, expressed
in millions of current US dollars, are the receipts
earned by a destination country from inbound
tourism and cover all tourism receipts resulting
from expenditures made by visitors from abroad on,
for instance, lodging, food and drink, fuel,
transport in the country, entertainment, shopping,
and so on. This measure includes receipts generated
by overnight as well as by same-day trips. Receipts
from same-day trips can be substantial, as in the case
of countries where a lot of shopping for goods and
services takes place by visitors from neighboring
countries.
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
The third section of the page presents the economy’s
performance on the Travel & Tourism Competitiveness
Index (TTCI) and its various components. For further
analysis, the Data Tables at the end of the Report provide
detailed rankings and scores for each of the variables
included in the TTCI.
Right-hand page
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
This page presents the rank achieved by a country on
each of the indicators entering the composition of the
TTCI. Indicators are organized by pillar. Please refer to
Appendix A of Chapter 1.1 for the detailed structure
of the TTCI.
The ranks of those indicators that constitute a
notable competitive advantage are highlighted in blue
bold typeface. Competitive advantages are defined as
follows:
• For those economies ranked in the top 10 in the
overall TTCI, individual indicators ranked from
1 through 10 are considered to be advantages. For
example, Germany—which is ranked 2nd overall—is
ranked 3rd on indicator 6.01, Quality of air transport
infrastructure, making this indicator a competitive
advantage.
• For those economies ranked from 11th to 50th
on the overall TTCI, variables ranked higher than
the economy’s overall rank are considered to be
advantages. In the case of Montenegro, ranked 36th
overall, its rank of 35th on indicator 1.04, Visa
requirements, makes this indicator a competitive
advantage.
• For those economies with an overall rank on the
TTCI lower than 50, any individual indicators
ranked higher than 51 are considered to be advan-
tages. For Moldova, ranked 99th overall, indicator
1.07, Time required to start a business, where Moldova
ranks 40th, constitutes a competitive advantage for
the country.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................66
1.02 Property rights................................................................116
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................53
1.04 Visa requirements* ...........................................................83
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............69
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................
49
1.07 Time required to start a business*.....................................9
1.08 Cost to start a business*..................................................85
1.09 GATS commitments restrictiveness* .................................
7
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation..........................132
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation......................132
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................93
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions*...............................................
42
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ....................................85
2.06 Threatened species* ........................................................
32
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification*.....................................65
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................51
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................57
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence ..............................56
3.04 Road traffic accidents*.....................................................53
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density*............................................................84
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* .......................................
39
4.03 Access to improved drinking water*................................57
4.04 Hospital beds*..................................................................65
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................92
5.02 T&T government expenditure*.........................................57
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................72
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................
15
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......72
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................58
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic*.............................103
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................110
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population*....................................82
6.05 Airport density* ..............................................................104
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................97
6.07 International air transport network ...................................73
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................81
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .....................................109
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................100
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................124
7.05 Road density*...................................................................
49
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms*....................................................................74
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies* ........................64
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................74
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................95
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................56
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................88
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................78
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................
22
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*...................................133
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................
27
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation ............................................39
10.04 Fuel price levels*............................................................104
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................59
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.......................................115
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................98
11.03 Quality of the educational system ....................................54
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........94
11.05 Extent of staff training ......................................................55
11.06 Hiring and firing practices .................................................
21
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor.................................................4
11.08 HIV prevalence*..................................................................1
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS .............................................2
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................64
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ............................................................3
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................52
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended ......................
45
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................75
13.03 Quality of the natural environment ...................................99
13.04 Total known species*.....................................................101
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites* ........................73
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................
43
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*...............120
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................90
Albania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
List of Countries/Economies
List of Countries/Economies
107
Country/Economy Page
Albania 108
Algeria 110
Angola 112
Argentina 114
Armenia 116
Australia 118
Austria 120
Azerbaijan 122
Bahrain 124
Bangladesh 126
Barbados 128
Belgium 130
Benin 132
Bolivia 134
Bosnia and Herzegovina 136
Botswana 138
Brazil 140
Brunei Darussalam 142
Bulgaria 144
Burkina Faso 146
Burundi 148
Cambodia 150
Cameroon 152
Canada 154
Cape Verde 156
Chad 158
Chile 160
China 162
Colombia 164
Costa Rica 166
Côte d’Ivoire 168
Croatia 170
Cyprus 172
Czech Republic 174
Denmark 176
Dominican Republic 178
Ecuador 180
Egypt 182
El Salvador 184
Estonia 186
Ethiopia 188
Finland 190
Country/Economy Page
France 192
Gambia, The 194
Georgia 196
Germany 198
Ghana 200
Greece 202
Guatemala 204
Guyana 206
Honduras 208
Hong Kong SAR 210
Hungary 212
Iceland 214
India 216
Indonesia 218
Iran, Islamic Rep. 220
Ireland 222
Israel 224
Italy 226
Jamaica 228
Japan 230
Jordan 232
Kazakhstan 234
Kenya 236
Korea, Rep. 238
Kuwait 240
Kyrgyz Republic 242
Latvia 244
Lebanon 246
Lesotho 248
Libya 250
Lithuania 252
Luxembourg 254
Macedonia, FYR 256
Madagascar 258
Malawi 260
Malaysia 262
Mali 264
Malta 266
Mauritania 268
Mauritius 270
Mexico 272
Moldova 274
Country/Economy Page
Mongolia 276
Montenegro 278
Morocco 280
Mozambique 282
Namibia 284
Nepal 286
Netherlands 288
New Zealand 290
Nicaragua 292
Nigeria 294
Norway 296
Oman 298
Pakistan 300
Panama 302
Paraguay 304
Peru 306
Philippines 308
Poland 310
Portugal 312
Puerto Rico 314
Qatar 316
Romania 318
Russian Federation 320
Rwanda 322
Saudi Arabia 324
Senegal 326
Serbia 328
Singapore 330
Slovak Republic 332
Slovenia 334
South Africa 336
Spain 338
Sri Lanka 340
Swaziland 342
Sweden 344
Switzerland 346
Syria 348
Taiwan, China 350
Tajikistan 352
Tanzania 354
Thailand 356
Timor-Leste 358
Country/Economy Page
Trinidad and Tobago 360
Tunisia 362
Turkey 364
Uganda 366
Ukraine 368
United Arab Emirates 370
United Kingdom 372
United States 374
Uruguay 376
Venezuela 378
Vietnam 380
Zambia 382
Zimbabwe 384
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
108
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Albania
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009..............................................................................3.2
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ........................................................28.8
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 ...............................................12.2
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................7,169.0
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................3.3
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)..................23
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................841...................6.8 ....................4.9
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................69...................5.5 ....................1.8
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................2,553.................20.7 ....................5.0
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................209.................16.7 ....................1.8
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................1,792.0
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ........1,815.7
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index ...........................................................................................................71 4.0
2009 Index............................................................................................................90 3.7
T&T regulatory framework ..............................................................................53 4.8
Policy rules and regulations..........................................................................46 4.6
Environmental sustainability..........................................................................72 4.5
Safety and security .........................................................................................44 5.3
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................66 4.9
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism..................................................................55 4.7
T&T business environment and infrastructure............................................91 3.3
Air transport infrastructure............................................................................96 2.5
Ground transport infrastructure....................................................................97 3.1
Tourism infrastructure ....................................................................................77 3.4
ICT infrastructure ............................................................................................71 3.2
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................94 4.3
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources ...............................................61 3.9
Human resources ............................................................................................57 5.0
Education and training.............................................................................90 4.3
Availability of qualified labor.....................................................................9 5.7
Affinity for Travel & Tourism............................................................................3 6.3
Natural resources .........................................................................................113 2.4
Cultural resources...........................................................................................83 2.0
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
109
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership......................................66
1.02 Property rights ................................................................116
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ......................................53
1.04 Visa requirements*...........................................................83
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ..............69
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ......................
49
1.07 Time required to start a business* .....................................9
1.08 Cost to start a business*..................................................85
1.09 GATS commitments restrictiveness*.................................
7
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation..........................132
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ......................132
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development.....................93
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions*...............................................
42
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* ....................................85
2.06 Threatened species* ........................................................
32
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification*.....................................65
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism..............................................51
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................57
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................56
3.04 Road traffic accidents* .....................................................53
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ............................................................84
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* .......................................
39
4.03 Access to improved drinking water*................................57
4.04 Hospital beds* ..................................................................65
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry .................92
5.02 T&T government expenditure*.........................................57
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.........................72
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*........................
15
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ......72
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................58
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* .............................103
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ........................110
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ....................................82
6.05 Airport density* ..............................................................104
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................97
6.07 International air transport network ...................................73
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................81
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .....................................109
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................100
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................124
7.05 Road density* ...................................................................
49
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ....................................................................74
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*........................64
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*.............................................74
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .......................................95
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................56
9.03 Telephone lines*...............................................................88
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................78
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................
22
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*...................................133
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................
27
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................39
10.04 Fuel price levels*............................................................104
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................59
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.......................................115
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................98
11.03 Quality of the educational system....................................54
11.04 Local availability of research and training services...........94
11.05 Extent of staff training......................................................55
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................
21
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor.................................................4
11.08 HIV prevalence*..................................................................1
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS.............................................2
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................64
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ............................................................3
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors..................52
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended......................
45
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................75
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................75
13.03 Quality of the natural environment...................................99
13.04 Total known species* .....................................................101
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*........................73
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................
43
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*...............120
14.04 Creative industries exports*.............................................90
Albania
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
110
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Algeria
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................34.9
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ...................................................2,381.7
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 .............................................139.8
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................6,884.8
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................2.4
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)..................42
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................2,907...................1.9 ....................4.8
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................176...................1.8 ....................3.0
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................8,871...................5.9 ....................5.0
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................498...................5.2 ....................3.2
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009................1,911.5
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........330.0
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index .........................................................................................................113 3.4
2009 Index..........................................................................................................115 3.3
T&T regulatory framework ............................................................................112 3.9
Policy rules and regulations........................................................................118 3.7
Environmental sustainability........................................................................120 4.0
Safety and security .........................................................................................95 4.4
Health and hygiene .........................................................................................84 4.2
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism................................................................130 3.1
T&T business environment and infrastructure..........................................110 2.9
Air transport infrastructure..........................................................................103 2.4
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................105 3.0
Tourism infrastructure ..................................................................................122 1.7
ICT infrastructure ..........................................................................................107 2.3
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................35 5.0
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .............................................116 3.4
Human resources ............................................................................................91 4.6
Education and training.............................................................................86 4.4
Availability of qualified labor...................................................................90 4.9
Affinity for Travel & Tourism........................................................................129 4.0
Natural resources ...........................................................................................99 2.6
Cultural resources...........................................................................................72 2.2
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
1234567
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
111
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index in detail
INDICATOR RANK/139
1st pillar: Policy rules and regulations
1.01 Prevalence of foreign ownership....................................123
1.02 Property rights ................................................................106
1.03 Business impact of rules on FDI ....................................125
1.04 Visa requirements*.........................................................125
1.05 Openness of bilateral Air Service Agreements* ............108
1.06 Transparency of government policymaking ....................121
1.07 Time required to start a business* ..................................87
1.08 Cost to start a business* .................................................74
1.09 GATS commitments*.......................................................n/a
2nd pillar: Environmental sustainability
2.01 Stringency of environmental regulation............................93
2.02 Enforcement of environmental regulation ........................92
2.03 Sustainability of T&T industry development...................114
2.04 Carbon dioxide emissions* ..............................................71
2.05 Particulate matter concentration* .................................111
2.06 Threatened species* .......................................................97
2.07 Environmental treaty ratification* ....................................81
3rd pillar: Safety and security
3.01 Business costs of terrorism............................................128
3.02 Reliability of police services..............................................79
3.03 Business costs of crime and violence..............................74
3.04 Road traffic accidents* ...................................................n/a
4th pillar: Health and hygiene
4.01 Physician density* ...........................................................81
4.02 Access to improved sanitation* ......................................
50
4.03 Access to improved drinking water* .............................102
4.04 Hospital beds* .................................................................85
5th pillar: Prioritization of Travel & Tourism
5.01 Government prioritization of the T&T industry ...............109
5.02 T&T government expenditure* ......................................125
5.03 Effectiveness of marketing and branding.......................127
5.04 Comprehensiveness of annual T&T data*......................115
5.05 Timeliness of providing monthly/quarterly T&T data* ....109
6th pillar: Air transport infrastructure
6.01 Quality of air transport infrastructure ...............................98
6.02 Available seat kilometers, domestic* ...............................
42
6.03 Available seat kilometers, international* ..........................71
6.04 Departures per 1,000 population* ...................................94
6.05 Airport density* ................................................................56
6.06 Number of operating airlines* ..........................................82
6.07 International air transport network ................................113
7th pillar: Ground transport infrastructure
7.01 Quality of roads ................................................................66
7.02 Quality of railroad infrastructure .......................................65
7.03 Quality of port infrastructure ..........................................115
7.04 Quality of ground transport network ..............................112
7.05 Road density* .................................................................124
INDICATOR RANK/139
8th pillar: Tourism infrastructure
8.01 Hotel rooms* ..................................................................104
8.02 Presence of major car rental companies*......................112
8.03 ATMs accepting Visa cards*...........................................135
9th pillar: ICT infrastructure
9.01 Extent of business Internet use .....................................138
9.02 Internet users* .................................................................95
9.03 Telephone lines*.............................................................101
9.04 Broadband Internet subscribers* .....................................82
9.05 Mobile telephone subscribers* ........................................72
10th pillar: Price competitiveness in the T&T industry
10.01 Ticket taxes and airport charges*.....................................63
10.02 Purchasing power parity* .................................................
38
10.03 Extent and effect of taxation............................................56
10.04 Fuel price levels*................................................................
8
10.05 Hotel price index*.............................................................98
11th pillar: Human resources
11.01 Primary education enrollment*.........................................70
11.02 Secondary education enrollment* ....................................81
11.03 Quality of the educational system..................................117
11.04 Local availability of research and training services.........105
11.05 Extent of staff training....................................................103
11.06 Hiring and firing practices.................................................78
11.07 Ease of hiring foreign labor.............................................116
11.08 HIV prevalence*................................................................
20
11.09 Business impact of HIV/AIDS...........................................63
11.10 Life expectancy*...............................................................84
12th pillar: Affinity for Travel & Tourism
12.01 Tourism openness* ........................................................137
12.02 Attitude of population toward foreign visitors................100
12.03 Extension of business trips recommended....................108
13th pillar: Natural resources
13.01 Number of World Heritage natural sites*.........................43
13.02 Protected areas*...............................................................87
13.03 Quality of the natural environment.................................107
13.04 Total known species* .......................................................85
14th pillar: Cultural resources
14.01 Number of World Heritage cultural sites*........................29
14.02 Sports stadiums*..............................................................91
14.03 Number of international fairs and exhibitions*.................94
14.04 Creative industries exports*...........................................117
Algeria
Notes: Ranks of notable competitive advantages are highlighted. An asterisk (*) indicates that data are from sources other than the World Economic Forum. For
further details and explanation, please refer to the section "How to Read the Country/Economy Profiles" at the beginning of this chapter.
The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum
112
2.1: Country/Economy Profiles
Angola
Key indicators
Population (millions), 2009............................................................................18.5
Surface area (1,000 square kilometers) ...................................................1,246.7
Gross domestic product (US$ billions), 2009 ...............................................74.5
Gross domestic product (PPP, US$) per capita, 2009 .............................6,181.4
Real GDP growth (percent), 2009...................................................................0.7
Environmental Performance Index, 2010 (out of 163 economies)................160
Travel & Tourism indicators
T&T industry, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) ................................................................531...................0.8 ....................4.8
Employment (1,000 jobs).........................................................26...................0.6 ....................1.1
T&T economy, 2010 estimates
GDP (US$ millions) .............................................................7,428.................10.8 ....................4.6
Employment (1,000 jobs).......................................................387...................8.9 ....................0.9
Source: World Travel & Tourism Council, TSA Research 2010
International tourist arrivals (thousands), 2009...................365.8
International tourism receipts (US$ millions), 2009 ...........534.0
Source: United Nations World Tourism Organization
Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Index
2011 Index .........................................................................................................138 2.8
2009 Index..........................................................................................................n/a n/a
T&T regulatory framework ............................................................................138 3.1
Policy rules and regulations........................................................................137 2.8
Environmental sustainability........................................................................119 4.0
Safety and security .......................................................................................111 4.1
Health and hygiene .......................................................................................129 1.8
Prioritization of Travel & Tourism................................................................136 2.6
T&T business environment and infrastructure..........................................121 2.7
Air transport infrastructure..........................................................................126 2.1
Ground transport infrastructure..................................................................139 2.0
Tourism infrastructure ..................................................................................103 2.3
ICT infrastructure ..........................................................................................126 1.9
Price competitiveness in the T&T industry.................................................13 5.2
T&T human, cultural, and natural resources .............................................139 2.6
Human resources ..........................................................................................138 3.1
Education and training...........................................................................137 2.5
Availability of qualified labor.................................................................131 3.7
Affinity for Travel & Tourism........................................................................139 2.9
Natural resources ...........................................................................................58 3.4
Cultural resources.........................................................................................135 1.0
Note: For descriptions of variables and detailed sources, please refer to “How to the Read Country/Economy Profiles.”
Rank Score
(out of 139) (1–7 scale)
International tourist arrivals
(thousands)
International tourism receipts
(US$ millions)
2011–2020
Percent annual growth
of total (%, forecast)
1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009
0
200
400
600
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The Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report 2011 © 2011 World Economic Forum