Ile.ol,dл.i hаve
Ьe.n лin.}ел, тъe Ьoks were n l tУiпg
on lhr
des*' l1 muы have ьeеn Рele,
lhoу had*eл,
вul lhe readel
mа k6 sen tenсe.ъy.sen teпсe dкьiо ns in
t|]e
l'ght
of canier sеntenсes thаl
ь !o saу' i. Ьe iпсоФoratrs thё
onfo|d'ngteхl i'!o
the яolld.'to whiсh heoriё!.atсs
then we
Нёфo?dп'l
hаve been лБlar?л. тne ,aфЬ wele
niL]Iуiпg on
{lc
desk,It лшi hlvo
Ьeф лeleг thcу hаd seеn
сou|d ьe invo(1ed.
1he ьoоь' аle
prcsenled
as lhe reаsоп fоI
nаЦtа'nLпg
(hаt
.hе
сouldn't have ьФn пьtаkeЛ
,
рroсlaim
le plonounсed
with the fаЛing
,.ш
алd
'ьc
'
d.r1аnt.mр,'.d
ьr
,т,,
'
h.vР
b"o
',
л", л.jпq
or fаlliлq lьjig
toлe аs а vinuаl
!еn'аlioп of thаl imр|iёd ьy
hосоuldn'|'
нowevеr
iftьeleхt ьteаledаs fuling
in1oа wld
eкon
rho
fiаkes mъiаk6'.nd
set m
а
чт|d
п whiсh
oЬjфь Ьk€
,1he
desk,'саi
Ьe tаkeп lor
9lanteа_th.D
ll'e leаding mightqo like:
Нe.o,zh
t haYe ьeeп лiJ'd}?n
тЬe b.]o]c were
sti|| lуinq оп the
Аn
lЬo iпtonаhоп groups
in th
be
рronolnсРd
unh
rhе fаlliлg
lon.s.
тhis lyj)c
of reаding
by аn infomed
.eДdеl lo аl iпIоIned
ppliса1ioп
jп
iorelgл lалaцd!g
reасhinq
oлe ol lhe
djlftulties oI rcаding
а leх( m а lоrelqn lа!
ual sentёnсes hоld l.gеlh.r
аnd
пс6, whiie
on. of the thi.gs а
lеаdeI
а|oLd
dосs is to highlighl
lh. nlfomаtion stuсturo
oftЬe
io
u\
thа, onP
,oU
d
l,eJ.||/
'PФ
|. o,q91
'
оl d
de'
',р|'oл
о
hаvethem read
fo]lowlng lhе inlоnaliоna||y
nruсturinq
model,
lt
Б io1
'ossiь]ei
9i1Ьiп
1he liлitёd
s'асe oI lhк se.liоn
to
q've
а сomplele
s!rueу оfth€
mon inрonаnl
рrinсilles
ofinto.
nаliоn
сЬolсе ]n
othоt speкh rrаlizalions,
Il ь definitelу
а sub
lкt
fОr
dьсu$ion iп
a
sрфiаl
Ьoоk dфhпq with
the nelhоds
of
вUt thele
js
оne mоre
рoint
lhat should ьe
mellionod ight
hеI€ с|eaIly' lhe ьпquaqe ln
lёщhel engJge Б lLnlled ьу then soсiаl ro|сs ыld djdас.с
рLl
pоses
do пol
gjve
ole сh.iсe ol
|eаLi?пa аll lhe meаn'пgs n!
nа]|ed bу intопа1ion' тhorofo]o toасhinq
mаtеnаl stjоUld suq!csl
extаLinguistiс sil!lLоns
ji gЬLсh
lole
рLaуlnq.оDш
cхDosс
ihe
вy waу oi соnсlL6]о0
{e vou
hinq оf
grаmmаl аnd lrхrs аs
IanguаgetаmiпgsуllаьUsesъsoп]etllina!hal
jslосomryet
lt wou|d ьe
рerJeсtlу
пatuтal tо аdd lha1the objфt
оl LiпguEti.
st!dies is
vc.bal lаnquа!.ls J
с
erьdr
i'cаls
lLoloлаnon
аmoog
!h.m]
fonn
!hё с.Ie
ol D]оn hu
the tоь)messаge Б асluаlly сoп
mоng lЬeп] !inеsiсs
Dlоves
b
ье an esепhа|
Ilai
оl
(lle
hl'в.
nl ьоLа'iоi
n'е rеа|nti.
dё'tn!
пыgDaui0gsyn.iБ
ldenIified аs the sрedkel and 1h.о1hel аs
'he
|'stеner lt ь
qPneг
prov'de.
ol nrlопldhol, ноwevт |jneoo6
qu(.
i..qu.nrly
qiv.
сaЛ rаnq. tlom snnple фllп' to molс сomрl.! uПelалсe'
s'сh
'
)or
m"6n i
.i-
q
JЬ
"
ll'
'J
ol"\qЬJЬ,тЬ")
blе
пon.velbа|
behaviouБ sоnre but
nol аLl of whiсh со,оссUr
shi't n'
ponulo, pёnоdt
сhаnq
the Ьeаd аnd
eуеs'
!'еstiсulаt'on
vаriety оlаfiФtve
lаnd
еnьlemahсllеасlons invоlY]пg lhe Iaсe
аndhead' РresUбаьly manу o. thёsе lоn-vorьal аcliviIjes of
lь
teners
'DnсlioЛ
lо
!lovide
leedbaсk .boll the
аdequасу o, l|re
Нo(ever' llt e сonсrеte evideiсe s
аvаilаb|e аьо!t the
рaiiiсu]аr
feedьасk fuпсtiоns thаt are soaon
ьу vаnаtioлs iп поn.Yerьal responsеs ol ]ьten.6 ot abo0t how
these inteвсt with the velЬаl сoDрonenв ol |ьtсnсr rсsDоlsеs'
т]]e mоn соmmonly
idёnlilied l.