Система неразрушающего контроля. Виды (методы) и технология неразрушающего контроля

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191

Серия 28 Выпуск 4

Discontinuity detection by echo method ................................. 4.12.2.1

Discontinuity detection bythrough transmission

(mirror through transmission) method .................................... 4.12.2.2

Dispersion wave ...................................................................... 4.3.2.26

Displacement ..............................................................................4.2.7

Display ................................................................................... 4.9.2.18

Display level ......................................................................... 4.12.2.36

Distance amplitude correction curve (DAC) ........................... 4.9.3.16

Distance-gain-size diagram .................................................. 4.12.2.34

Divergence angle ....................................................................... 4.4.14

Doppler effect ........................................................................ 4.3.3.17

Double probe technique ....................................................... 4.12.1.17

Double (twin) probe ............................................................... 4.5.1.14

Dry contact .................................................................................4.6.7

Dry point contact ........................................................................4.6.8

Dry point contact probe .......................................................... 4.5.1.26

D-scan presentation ................................................................... 4.10.4

Dual probe ............................................................................. 4.5.1.14

Dual search unit ..................................................................... 4.5.1.14

Duet probe connection ......................................................... 4.12.1.19

Dynamic contact flexibility ........................................................ 4.6.13

Dynamic range ......................................................................... 4.9.3.7

Dynamic range of time variable gain ....................................... 4.9.3.18

Echo height ............................................................................... 4.8.26

Echo method ............................................................................. 4.7.11

Echo receiving point ............................................................. 4.12.1.22

Echo signal ................................................................................ 4.8.25

192

Справочное пособие

Echo-mirror method ................................................................. 4.7.15

Effective acoustic center ..............................................................4.4.7

Effective transducer size .......................................................... 4.5.3.33

Elastic anisotropy ........................................................................4.1.6

Elastic body .................................................................................4.1.3

Elastic deformation ................................................................... 4.1.11

Elastic force ............................................................................... 4.1.18

Elastic impedance ...................................................................... 4.2.28

Elastic medium ............................................................................4.1.4

Elastic oscillations .......................................................................4.2.6

Elastic wave .............................................................................. 4.3.1.1

Elasticity .....................................................................................4.1.2

ELD ....................................................................................... 4.9.2.21

Electric load ........................................................................... 4.5.3.22

Electrical noise .......................................................................... 4.8.36

Electro-acoustical transducer .................................................... 4.5.1.1

Electrodynamic transducer ..................................................... 4.5.1.29

Electro-luminescent indicator ................................................ 4.9.2.21

Electromagnetic acoustic transducer ....................................... 4.5.1.29

Electromechanical coupling coefficient ................................... 4.5.3.25

Electronic block ....................................................................... 4.9.2.3

Electrostatic transducer .......................................................... 4.5.1.30

EMAT .................................................................................... 4.5.1.29

Emission pulse ........................................................................... 4.8.24

Energy reflection coefficient ................................................... 4.3.4.12

Energy transmission coefficient ............................................... 4.3.4.19

Entry surface .......................................................................... 4.12.1.1

Equilibrium .................................................................................4.2.5

193

Серия 28 Выпуск 4

Equivalent area of discontinuity .............................................. 4.12.2.7

Equivalent sensitivity ............................................................ 4.12.2.11

Equivalent size of discontinuity ............................................... 4.12.2.6

Examination area ................................................................. 4.12.1.24

Examination level of sensitivity ............................................. 4.12.2.17

Examination volume ............................................................. 4.12.1.23

Exciter of transmitting transducer ........................................... 4.9.2.12

Expended time-base sweep ..................................................... 4.9.3.13

External force ............................................................................ 4.1.16

Far field .......................................................................................4.4.3

Fast Fourier transform ............................................................... 4.8.23

FFT .......................................................................................... 4.8.23

Filter ...................................................................................... 4.9.2.32

First critical angle ................................................................... 4.3.4.24

First harmonic ........................................................................... 4.2.32

Flat bottom hole ........................................................................ 4.11.8

Flaw marker ........................................................................... 4.9.2.29

Flaw model ............................................................................... 4.11.7

Flexibility .................................................................................. 4.2.24

Flexing piezoelectric element .................................................. 4.5.1.38

Flexural wave .......................................................................... 4.3.2.19

Focal distance ............................................................................ 4.4.18

Focal point ................................................................................ 4.4.16

Focal zone ................................................................................. 4.4.19

Focus ........................................................................................ 4.4.16

Focus of dual search unit ........................................................... 4.4.17

194

Справочное пособие

Focusing crystal ........................................................................ 4.5.2.9

Focusing of acoustic field ........................................................... 4.4.15

Focusing probe ....................................................................... 4.5.1.33

Focusing transducer .................................................................. 4.5.2.9

Forced oscillations ..................................................................... 4.2.17

Fourier transform (in space domain) .......................................... 4.8.21

Fourier transform (in time domain) ........................................... 4.8.20

Fraunhofer zone ..........................................................................4.4.3

Free oscillations ........................................................................ 4.2.18

Free vibration method ............................................................... 4.7.35

Free vibrations ........................................................................... 4.2.18

Frequency ................................................................................. 4.2.12

Frequency limit ......................................................................... 4.8.42

Frequency of maximum conversion ........................................ 4.5.3.20

Frequency response ................................................................ 4.5.3.18

Frequency spectrum .................................................................. 4.8.16

Fresnel-zone ...............................................................................4.4.2

Frictional noise ......................................................................... 4.8.39

Front resolution .................................................................... 4.12.2.21

Front surface reflection .............................................................. 4.8.29

F-scan presentation ................................................................... 4.10.6

Fundamental frequency ............................................................. 4.2.32

Gain .............................................................................4.9.3.1, 4.9.3.2

Gain control ............................................................................. 4.9.3.3

Gap testing technique ..................................................................4.6.5

Gate ....................................................................................... 4.9.2.15

Gate level ............................................................................... 4.9.3.21

195

Серия 28 Выпуск 4

Gate pulse generator ............................................................... 4.9.2.16

General purpose test equipment .............................................. 4.9.1.16

Generalized force ...................................................................... 4.1.14

«Grass cutting» ....................................................................... 4.9.2.11

Group velocity .......................................................................... 4.3.3.2

Half-amplitude technique ..................................................... 4.12.2.38

Harmonic .................................................................................. 4.2.33

Harmonical oscillation .............................................................. 4.2.19

Head wave .............................................................................. 4.3.2.21

HF amplifier ............................................................................ 4.9.2.7

High frequency filter ............................................................... 4.9.2.34

High-pass filter ....................................................................... 4.9.2.34

Holographic presentation .......................................................... 4.7.39

Homogeneous medium ................................................................ 4.1.1

Housing .................................................................................. 4.5.2.28

Immersion probe .................................................................... 4.5.1.20

Immersion technique ...................................................................4.6.4

Immersion technique ................................................................. 4.7.17

Imperfection ............................................................................. 4.11.1

Incident wave ........................................................................... 4.3.4.2

Incoherent method .................................................................... 4.7.23

Indication zone .................................................................... 4.12.2.27

Indicator ................................................................................ 4.9.2.18

Indirect scan ........................................................................... 4.12.1.7

Indispersion wave ................................................................... 4.3.2.27

196

Справочное пособие

Inertial impedance ..................................................................... 4.2.27

Inhomogeneous wave .............................................................. 4.3.1.14

Initial pulse ............................................................................... 4.8.30

Integral free vibration method .................................................... 4.7.36

Integral natural vibration method ............................................... 4.7.31

Integral resonance method ......................................................... 4.7.32

Interface ................................................................................... 4.3.4.1

Internal force ............................................................................. 4.1.17

Inverse Fourier transform .......................................................... 4.8.22

Isotropic material ........................................................................4.1.5

Isotropic medium ........................................................................4.1.5

Jet probe ................................................................................. 4.5.1.22

Jet technique ...............................................................................4.6.6

Key-board .............................................................................. 4.9.2.40

Lamb wave of zero order ......................................................... 4.3.2.18

Lamb wave probe .................................................................... 4.5.1.18

Lamb wave ............................................................................. 4.3.2.14

Lap ......................................................................................... 4.5.2.26

Lateral wave ........................................................................... 4.3.2.22

LCD ...................................................................................... 4.9.2.20

Lead metaniobate ................................................................... 4.5.2.17

Lead zirconate-titanate ........................................................... 4.5.2.16

Limit of elasticity ....................................................................... 4.1.25

197

Серия 28 Выпуск 4

Limit of proportionality ............................................................. 4.1.24

Linear element of a body ..............................................................4.1.7

Linear frequency-modulated signal ............................................ 4.8.51

Linear oscillating system ............................................................ 4.2.20

Linear phased array ................................................................. 4.5.1.35

Liquid crystal display .............................................................. 4.9.2.20

Liquid crystal indicator ........................................................... 4.9.2.20

Lithium niobate ...................................................................... 4.5.2.20

Lithium sulphate .................................................................... 4.5.2.19

Local free vibration method ....................................................... 4.7.37

Local natural vibration method .................................................. 4.7.33

Local resonance method ............................................................ 4.7.34

Logarithmic amplifier ............................................................... 4.9.2.9

Logarithmic decrement ............................................................. 4.2.39

Longitudinal wave ..................................................................... 4.3.2.4

Longitudinal wave in a rod ...................................................... 4.3.2.20

Longitudinal wave probe ......................................................... 4.5.1.15

Love wave ............................................................................... 4.3.2.23

Low frequency filter ................................................................ 4.9.2.33

Low-pass filter ........................................................................ 4.9.2.33

Magnetostrictive transducer .................................................... 4.5.1.31

Main lobe of directivity characteristic ....................................... 4.5.3.9

Manual scanning .................................................................. 4.12.1.12

Mass .......................................................................................... 4.2.23

Matching layer ........................................................................ 4.5.2.14

Matching transducer to the electric load .................................. 4.5.3.23

198

Справочное пособие

Matching transducer to the media ........................................... 4.5.2.13

Material Q-factor ................................................................... 4.3.3.12

Maximum operation temperature ........................................... 4.5.3.28

Maximum sensitivity of receiver ................................................ 4.9.3.6

Measuring attenuator .............................................................. 4.9.2.27

Mechanical force ....................................................................... 4.1.15

Mechanical impedance .............................................................. 4.2.22

Mechanical impedance analysis flaw detector ......................... 4.9.1.11

Mechanical impedance analysis method .................................... 4.7.27

Metal plated crystal .................................................................. 4.5.2.3

Metal plated transducer ............................................................ 4.5.2.3

MIA flaw detector .................................................................. 4.9.1.11

MIA method ............................................................................. 4.7.27

Mirror through transmission method ......................................... 4.7.16

Mode conversion .................................................................... 4.3.4.20

Monitor .................................................................................. 4.9.2.26

Monitor hysteresis .................................................................. 4.9.3.22

Monitor level .......................................................................... 4.9.3.21

Monitor speed ........................................................................ 4.9.3.23

Multiple echo ........................................................................... 4.3.4.8

Multiple echos ........................................................................... 4.8.31

Multiple reflections .................................................................. 4.3.4.8

Multiple-echo technique ........................................................... 4.7.14

Narrow banded device ............................................................... 4.8.47

Narrow banded signal ................................................................ 4.8.46

Natural frequency ...................................................................... 4.2.31

199

Серия 28 Выпуск 4

Natural vibration method .......................................................... 4.7.30

Near field ....................................................................................4.4.2

Needle instrument .................................................................. 4.9.2.23

Neper ..................................................................................... 4.9.3.10

Node ...................................................................................... 4.3.3.10

Noise .............................................................................4.8.33, 4.8.34

Noise diagnostics method .......................................................... 4.7.51

Noise suppression ................................................................... 4.9.2.11

Nominal angle of probe ............................................................ 4.5.3.5

Nominal frequency ................................................................... 4.5.3.6

Noncontact probe ................................................................... 4.5.1.27

Noncontacting technique ............................................................4.6.9

Non-linear acoustic method ...................................................... 4.7.48

Non-linear oscillating system ..................................................... 4.2.21

Normal incidence ..................................................................... 4.3.4.4

Normal probe ........................................................................... 4.5.1.8

Normal stress ............................................................................ 4.1.20

Normal wave .......................................................................... 4.3.2.13

Notch ......................................................................... 4.11.11, 4.11.12

Operation frequency ............................................................... 4.5.3.13

Optical laser transducer .......................................................... 4.5.1.39

Optimal filter ............................................................................. 4.8.53

Optimum frequency .............................................................. 4.12.2.26

Orbital scanning ..................................................................... 4.12.1.8

Oscillating system ........................................................................4.2.4

Oscillating value ..........................................................................4.2.2

200

Справочное пособие

Oscillation ...................................................................................4.2.1

Oscillation cycle ..........................................................................4.2.9

Oscillation frequency ................................................................. 4.2.12

Overtone ................................................................................... 4.2.36

Parasitic echo ............................................................................ 4.8.32

Particle velocity ...........................................................................4.2.8

Particle velocity ........................................................................ 4.3.1.5

Passive acoustic method ...............................................................4.7.4

Path difference ....................................................................... 4.3.3.16

Path length ............................................................................. 4.3.3.15

Period ....................................................................................... 4.2.10

Periodic oscillation ......................................................................4.2.3

Phase ........................................................................................ 4.2.16

Phase spectrum .......................................................................... 4.8.19

Phase velocity ........................................................................... 4.3.3.1

Phased array ........................................................................... 4.5.1.34

Phase-manipulated signal .......................................................... 4.8.50

Photoacoustic imagery ............................................................... 4.7.47

Photoacoustic microscopy ......................................................... 4.7.47

Piezoelectric constants ........................................................... 4.5.3.24

Piezoelectric element ................................................................ 4.5.2.2

Piezoelectric modulus ............................................................. 4.5.3.26

Piezoelectric probe ................................................................... 4.5.1.5

Piezoelectricity ......................................................................... 4.5.2.1

Pitch and catch ..................................................................... 4.12.1.17

Plane of incidence .................................................................... 4.3.2.8

Plane wave ................................................................................ 4.3.2.1