Сергеев И.В. Экономика предприятия

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, , ?

www.InetLib.Ru - !

        

.



. 

.

         ,

, . , 

.

.. 

 — 4—6%  — , , 

   .   , 

, .        , 

, .

         

,  (4—6%), . 

   ,    .  ,

, 

.

.  ,  —        

,      ,  .    

 ,           ,  

   .        

. 

 ,       .

, -

. , , . 

, . 

,     10%  ,   

 20  200% , .

        , 

.

      :  ; , 

      .   

, .

. —  

.   ,     ,   

, , . 



 .      ,   

.

2.3. 



         

 (),    ()   

        

    ,    

. 

,     ,    

 ,      — .   

      —   

    ,    

.

www.InetLib.Ru - !

       

, , 

. , 

, , : ,

   , , 

, .

, .   ,   ,



 .    ,   

:

•  (, .);

• ;

• , , ;

• ; 

 (

, .);

•   (   ,

.).

      , 

       , -

, , , ,   

, , 

.

  .     

-

. 

.

 

      ( ,   

) , 

. 

, . . 

     ,     

  ,        

.

       

. , 

          

 ,    .   -

, 

     ,    

,   ,       

,      .



.

        

, , .

      

     ,       

.

       

,     ,   

   .      

www.InetLib.Ru - !

. , ,     

, . 

 , -

     .     

, .

 ()       

  .       

       

, . , 

.

     

, . 

   ,   

, . , 

, , , 

.

.

, 

.

         .

         

.

          

     .        

   ,     .

    ,      ,  

.

   ,     

, 

.

 .    

         

. , 

     ,       

      ,

.

      

, , 

.

      

. 

        

 :   ,  

,       , ,

.

            

, , 

    .      

 ,      . ,   

,  ,   , 

. 

.

www.InetLib.Ru - !



,    :     

   ;    

 ;      ;

; , 

;   

.

 .      

 .   ,     -

,           

.



:

1)   ,    ,  

;

2)         

;

3) 

;

4) 

, ;

5) .

       

 .    ,   



.

 .     

       .  

,

  ,        

.

    1991—1996 ., .    , 

        

.   3 , 

      15%,     

. 

 40% .

         

, 

. 

         . 

, , 

,   ,  ,  

        . 

, , .

          

: ; 

,      

 ;  ;   

   ;    .  

  ,       

, .

www.InetLib.Ru - !

 .      

. 

, 

.

      , 

  :   , 

   ,  

, .

      

 .      ,

       ,   

   .     

 (, , ).

          ? 

   .        

 (  )  ,     

.    ,   , 

    ,     .



.

  . ,   

. 

        ,   

  .    , 

       

, .

     ,    

      ,  

, 

 :      

 ,    ,   

, , . 

     .    

, 

. -

      

  (),     , . 

,   , , ,

-

.

    ,  

, , .

      

 5—10—15—20 

     ,    . 



  ,  ,   

.

    .  

, 

.

         

.

www.InetLib.Ru - !

.         

 .   ,   

    ,    , 

  ,    ,  

.

      

, , 

.

,    ,

. . 

         . 

         .   

 , , ,  10—15%

  ,     ,    

  .   ,     , 

.

       

 ,    ,      

.

       

.

    ( , ,

 ,       

      ,   )

     ,   ,

    ,     

   ,    

 ,       

 , ,   ,      

.

 .      

, , 

        

.

, 

        

, .

 3 

3.1. 



 ,  

.  17,1 

;  1,5

, , , , , .

 — 148  ;   —  87  ,  

 70%     .  -

 1  —  70% .

, 

.  81,6 

;  5

  (  — 0,8 ,   — 8,6 ).   

 650 .

www.InetLib.Ru - !

      : , 

, , , ,   .  ,  

.

.

:

1)  ,   ,  ,

  ,        

;

2) , , ,

;

3)        

;

4) 

.

 ,       

.

, , 

.

. 3.1  1990-1997 . 

 .       

  .      

,    ,  , ,

, , . 

 1996 .  51%  1990 . 

  ,       (

 - 83%,  - 55%),    

 -59%,     - 59%,

 - 58%).

. ,

, :

•  ,        

;

• . 

, 

    ,    

;

•  .         



;

 3.1

*

 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997

,



1082 1068 1008 957 878 862 847 834

,  516 462 399 354 318 307 301 306



,



298 286 256 223 187 183 176 177





641 643 641 618 607 595 601 571

,  395 353 337 306 271 262 257 245

,  59,4 48,9 46,1 40,9 36,1 39,2 37,1 38,3

,  89,6 77,1 67,0 58,3 48,8 51,3 49,3 48,5

www.InetLib.Ru - !



, 



63,7 55,1 46,8 42,7 35,8 39,1 38,9 37,8

,



11,9 10,5 8,1 5,8 3,6 3,7 3,5 3,5



, . .

74,2 67,5 53,4 41,9 19,0 16,1 12,1 9,4

-

-



16,7 12,6 5,0 1,4 0,5 - 0,1 0,1

-

,

. .

27,3 23,9 16,5 7,5 3,1 2,1 1,2 1,2

, . . 214 178 137 89,1 28,7 21,2 14,0 12,4

, .

.

65,7 55,4 42,2 33,0 12 6,3 2,5 2,3



 (



100%

),

16,0 15,0 12,3 9,9 8,2 8,8 9,1 9,5



, . 

673 529 474 349 197 216 134,4 128,9





. 

3258 2963 2544 2246 1681 1785 1411 1578



. .

1103 1030 963 956 798 835 868 986

,  386 336 220 146 75 52,5

, .

,

4717 4439 3672 3387 2189 982 313 327



, .

.

3774 3710 3184 3481 2631 1744 1064 1186



. .

5419 5541 4289 3901 2133 1293 762 800

* : . ./. - ., 1998.

•   .   ,

       

, ;

•      ,    

, , ;

• , , 

 ,           

;

•        

, , 

, , 

;

www.InetLib.Ru - !

• 

;

•   ,   

;

•        , 

.

,      .

        —    -

       ,   

.

3.2. 



   —      

 —   ,    

.

: , :



 (, , .);



, ;

  

.

     .   

. 



. , 

        

.

      ,  

.  ,      ,

:    ,  

,      , 

. .

     ,

     ,

  ,     

, , .

,  «». 

    :  (),

 (), , , ,

,  () .

,

     ()    

). ,    , , ,  ,  

.    —   ,   

.

       

,   ,       

. . 

:

•   .     

     . ,    

www.InetLib.Ru - !

, ,

, .;

•   . ,   

,     ,   

, ;

•  ,  . 

      ,     

;

•      .    

  .       

    ,     

,  .       

,    : , ,

, .;

• :

•     ,  

.

, .

       

:

1) 

;

2)          

  .       

 .  , 

       .    

       

    ,  

.      ,    

, ;

3) . 

:





— ;





— ;





—  ;

4)      . 



;

5) . 

      ,    

         ,   

       

;

6)       .    

   ,       ,  

      ,      

, , , -

.

   ,     ,

     ,  

.