Сарычева Л.И. Физика фундаментальных взаимодействий
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γ
E = αZ
2
γ¯hω
p
/3 ¯hω
p
=
q
4πN
e
Z
3
m
e
c
2
/α
ω
2
p
= 4πe
2
n
e
m
e
n
e
hN
γ
i =
1
2
αZ
2
γ
¯hω
p
3
,
¯hω
p
4
≈
2
3
αZ
2
γ.
hE
γ
i
p
e
p
e
hEi
γ
m
π
=
E
γ
= 140
γ = 10
2
E = 14
β n
cos θ =
ct
n · v · t
=
c
v · n
=
1
βn
< 1;
c
n
t = vt · cos θ
.
c
n
n
v
t
β >
1
n
”
“
v >
c
n
θ
θ
c
= arccos
1
nβ
≈
q
2(1 − 1/nβ) θ
c
β
t
=
1
n
γ
t
= 1/(1 −β
2
t
)
1/2
.
β > 1/n
N
γ
=
2πZ
2
137
· l
Z
λ
2
λ
1
1 −
1
β
2
n
2
!
dλ
λ
2
; βn > 1
l λ
1
λ
2
N
γ
=
2π
137
Z
2
· l
1
λ
1
−
1
λ
2
sin
2
θ.
∆β
β
∼ 7 · 10
−8
l ∼ 7 00
λ ∼ 5 · 10
−5
β → 1 v → c
θ
•
•
4
β = 1/n
θ
c
β
γ > 1000
2 ÷20
≤ p ≤
100
∼
δ
t
δ · V (t) =
q
C
F (t),
q C
F (t) = ln(1 + t/t
0
)/ ln(1 + t
max
/t
0
) t
0
t
max
dE
dx
dE
dx
µ π K p
e
D
e
dE/dx (keV/cm)
Momentum (GeV/c)
0.1
8
12
16
20
24
28
32
1 10
λ
in
≈ 35
−2
A
1/3
x/λ
in
≃ 0.2 ln(E, )+0.7
σ
pp
tot
= Xs
ε
+ Y s
η
ε = 0.0808 η = 0.4525 s = (P
a
+ P
b
)
2
√
s > 10 X Y
pp X = 21.7 Y = 98.39
πp X = 13.63 Y = 36.02
Kp X = 11.82 Y = 26.36
E 10
3
10
4
10
5
10
6
10
7
σ
pp
λ
T
2 2 2 2 2
λ σ λ =
ρ
σ· n
=
m
p
A
σ
n
3
ρ A
m
p
= 1.67·10
−24
λ
2
σ
inel
= σ
tot
− σ
el
− σ
qel
σ
tot
= σ
T
σ
T
λ
T
σ
inel
λ
in
p λ
T
= 60.2
2
λ
in
= 86.3
2
σ
T
= 33.7
p
12
λ
T
= 61.4
2
λ
in
= 87.8
2
σ
T
= 37.8
p λ
T
= 82.8
2
λ
in
= 131.9
2
σ
T
= 1120
p λ
T
= 116.2
2
λ
in
= 194
2
σ
T
= 2960
p λ
T
= 62
2
λ
in
= 90
2
A
σ
T
= σ
pp
· A
0.77
; σ
inel
= σ
pp
· A
0.71
.
E ∼ 80 ÷ 240
p cos λ = 0.3Bρ p c
B ρ λ