Pendergast T., Pendergast S. St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Volume 5: U-Z
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INTRODUCTION ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xiv
FURTHER READING:
Barthes, Roland. Mythologies. Translated by Annette Lavers. 1957. Reprint, New York, The Noonday Press, 1972.
Cullen, Jim. The Art of Democracy: A Concise History of Popular Culture in the United States. New York, Monthly Review Press, 1996.
Fiske, John. Understanding Popular Culture. Boston, Unwin/Hyman, 1989.
Levine, Lawrence. The Unpredictable Past: Explorations in American Cultural History. New York, Oxford University Press, 1993.
Storey, John. An Introductory Guide to Cultural Theory and Popular Culture. Athens, University of Georgia Press, 1993.
Susman, Warren. Culture as History: The Transformation of American Society in the Twentieth Century. New York, Pantheon, 1984.
xv
ADVISORS
Frances R. Aparicio
University of Michigan
Paul Buhle
Brown University
George O. Carney
Oklahoma State University
B. Lee Cooper
University of Great Falls
Corey K. Creekmur
University of Iowa
Joshua Gamson
Yale University
Jerome Klinkowitz
University of Northern Iowa
Richard Martin
Metropolitan Museum of Art
Columbia University
New York University
Lawrence E. Mintz
University of Maryland
Art Gliner Center for Humor Studies
Troy Paino
Winona State University
Grace Palladino
University of Maryland
Lauren Rabinovitz
University of Iowa
T. V. Reed
Washington State University
William L. Schurk
Bowling Green State University
Alison M. Scott
Bowling Green State University
Randall W. Scott
Michigan State University Libraries
Ron Simon
Museum of Television & Radio
Columbia University
Erin Smith
University of Texas at Dallas
June Sochen
Northeastern Illinois University
Colby Vargas
New Trier High School
xvii
CONTRIBUTORS
Nathan Abrams
Frederick Luis Aldama
Roberto Alvarez
Byron Anderson
Carly Andrews
Jacob M. Appel
Tim Arnold
Paul Ashdown
Bernardo Alexander Attias
Frederick J. Augustyn, Jr.
Beatriz Badikian
Michael Baers
Neal Baker
S. K. Bane
Samantha Barbas
Allen Barksdale
Pauline Bartel
Bob Batchelor
Vance Bell
Samuel I. Bellman
James R. Belpedio
Courtney Bennett
Timothy Berg
Lisa Bergeron-Duncan
Daniel Bernardi
R. Thomas Berner
Charlie Bevis
Lara Bickell
Sam Binkley
Brian Black
Liza Black
Bethany Blankenship
Rebecca Blustein
Aniko Bodroghkozy
Gregory Bond
Martyn Bone
Austin Booth
Gerry Bowler
Anne Boyd
Marlena E. Bremseth
Carol Brennan
Tony Brewer
Deborah Broderson
Michael Brody
Pat H. Broeske
Robert J. Brown
Sharon Brown
Craig Bunch
Stephen Burnett
Gary Burns
Margaret Burns
Manuel V. Cabrera, Jr.
Ross B. Care
Gerald Carpenter
Anthony Cast
Rafaela Castro
Jason Chambers
Chris Chandler
Michael K. Chapman
Roger Chapman
Lloyd Chiasson, Jr.
Ann M. Ciasullo
Dylan Clark
Frank Clark
Randy Clark
Craig T. Cobane
Dan Coffey
Adam Max Cohen
Toby I. Cohen
Susann Cokal
Jeffrey W. Coker
Charles A. Coletta, Jr.
Michael R. Collings
Willie Collins
Mia L. Consalvo
Douglas Cooke
ViBrina Coronado
Robert C. Cottrell
Corey K. Creekmur
Richard C. Crepeau
Jim Cullen
Susan Curtis
Glyn Davis
Janet M. Davis
Pamala S. Deane
S. Renee Dechert
John Deitrick
Gordon Neal Diem, D.A.
Richard Digby-Junger
Laurie DiMauro
John J. Doherty
Thurston Domina
Jon Griffin Donlon
Simon Donner
Randy Duncan
Stephen Duncombe
Eugenia Griffith DuPell
Stephanie Dyer
Rob Edelman
Geoff Edgers
Jessie L. Embry
Jeffrey Escoffier
Cindy Peters Evans
Sean Evans
William A. Everett
Alyssa Falwell
Richard Feinberg
G. Allen Finchum
S. Naomi Finkelstein
Dennis Fischer
Bill Freind
Bianca Freire-Medeiros
Shaun Frentner
James Friedman
Adrienne Furness
Paul Gaffney
Milton Gaither
Joan Gajadhar
Catherine C. Galley
Caitlin L. Gannon
Sandra Garcia-Myers
Bryan Garman
Eva Marie Garroutte
Frances Gateward
Jason George
Tina Gianoulis
James R. Giles
Milton Goldin
Ilene Goldman
Matthew Mulligan Goldstein
Dave Goldweber
Ian Gordon
W. Terrence Gordon
Ron Goulart
Paul Grainge
Brian Granger
Anna Hunt Graves
Steve Graves
Jill A. Gregg
Benjamin Griffith
Perry Grossman
Justin Gustainis
Dale Allen Gyure
Kristine J. Ha
Elizabeth Haas
Ray Haberski, Jr.
Jeanne Lynn Hall
Steve Hanson
Jacqueline Anne Hatton
Chris Haven
Ethan Hay
Jeet Heer
Andrew R. Heinze
Mary Hess
Joshua Hirsch
David L. Hixson
Scott W. Hoffman
Briavel Holcomb
CONTRIBUTORS ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xviii
Peter C. Holloran
David Holloway
Karen Hovde
Kevin Howley
Nick Humez
Judy L. Isaksen
Jennifer Jankauskas
E. V. Johanningmeier
Patrick Jones
Patrick Jones
Preston Neal Jones
Mark Joseph
Thomas Judd
Peter Kalliney
Nicolás Kanellos
Robyn Karney
Stephen Keane
James D. Keeline
Max Kellerman
Ken Kempcke
Stephen C. Kenny
Stephen Kercher
Matt Kerr
M. Alison Kibler
Kimberley H. Kidd
Matthew A. Killmeier
Jason King
Jon Klinkowitz
Leah Konicki
Steven Kotok
Robert Kuhlken
Andrew J. Kunka
Audrey Kupferberg
Petra Kuppers
Emma Lambert
Christina Lane
Kevin Lause
Nadine-Rae Leavell
Christopher A. Lee
Michele Lellouche
Robin Lent
Joan Leotta
Richard Levine
Drew Limsky
Daniel Lindley
Joyce Linehan
Margaret Litton
James H. Lloyd
David Lonergan
Eric Longley
Rick Lott
Bennett Lovett-Graff
Denise Lowe
Debra M. Lucas
Karen Lurie
Michael A. Lutes
James Lyons
John F. Lyons
Steve Macek
Alison Macor
David Marc
Robin Markowitz
Tilney L. Marsh
Richard Martin
Sara Martin
Linda A. Martindale
Kevin Mattson
Randall McClure
Allison McCracken
Jennifer Davis McDaid
Jason McEntee
Cheryl S. McGrath
Daryna McKeand
Jacquelyn Y. McLendon
Kembrew McLeod
Josephine A. McQuail
Alex Medeiros
Brad Melton
Myra Mendible
Jeff Merron
Thomas J. Mertz
Nathan R. Meyer
Jonathan Middlebrook
Andre Millard
Jeffrey S. Miller
Karen Miller
P. Andrew Miller
Dorothy Jane Mills
Andrew Milner
Deborah M. Mix
Nickianne Moody
Richard L. Moody
Charles F. Moore
Leonard N. Moore
Dan Moos
Robert A. Morace
Edward Moran
Barry Morris
Michael J. Murphy
Jennifer A. Murray
Susan Murray
Pierre-Damien Mvuyekure
Michael Najjar
Ilana Nash
Mary Lou Nemanic
Scott Newman
Joan Nicks
Martin F. Norden
Justin Nordstrom
Anna Notaro
William F. O’Connor
Paul O’Hara
Angela O’Neal
Christopher D. O’Shea
Lolly Ockerstrom
Kerry Owens
Marc Oxoby
D. Byron Painter
Henri-Dominique Paratte
Leslie Paris
Jay Parrent
Felicity Paxton
Sara Pendergast
Tom Pendergast
Jana Pendragon
Geoff Peterson
Kurt W. Peterson
Emily Pettigrew
Daniel J. Philippon
S. J. Philo
Allene Phy-Olsen
Ed Piacentino
Jürgen Pieters
Paul F. P. Pogue
Mark B. Pohlad
Fernando Porta
Michael L. Posner
John A. Price
Victoria Price
Luca Prono
Elizabeth Purdy
Christian L. Pyle
Jessy Randall
Taly Ravid
Belinda S. Ray
Ivan Raykoff
Wendy Wick Reaves
James E. Reibman
Yolanda Retter
Tracy J. Revels
Wylene Rholetter
Tad Richards
Robert B. Ridinger
Jeff Ritter
Thomas Robertson
Arthur Robinson
Todd Anthony Rosa
Ava Rose
Chris Routledge
Abhijit Roy
Adrienne Russell
Dennis Russell
Lisa Jo Sagolla
Frank A. Salamone
Joe Sutliff Sanders
CONTRIBUTORSENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xix
Andrew Sargent
Julie Scelfo
Elizabeth D. Schafer
Louis Scheeder
James Schiff
Robert E. Schnakenberg
Steven Schneider
Kelly Schrum
Christine Scodari
Ann Sears
E. M. I. Sefcovic
Eric J. Segal
Carol A. Senf
Tim Seul
Alexander Shashko
Michele S. Shauf
Taylor Shaw
Anne Sheehan
Steven T. Sheehan
Pamela Shelton
Sandra Sherman
Charles J. Shindo
Mike Shupp
Robert C. Sickels
C. Kenyon Silvey
Ron Simon
Philip Simpson
Rosemarie Skaine
Ryan R. Sloane
Jeannette Sloniowski
Cheryl A. Smith
Kyle Smith
John Smolenski
Irvin D. Solomon
Geri Speace
Andrew Spieldenner
tova stabin
Scott Stabler
Jon Sterngrass
Roger W. Stump
Bob Sullivan
Lauren Ann Supance
Marc R. Sykes
Midori Takagi
Candida Taylor
Scott Thill
Robert Thompson
Stephen L. Thompson
Rosemarie Garland Thomson
Jan Todd
Terry Todd
John Tomasic
Warren Tormey
Grant Tracey
David Trevino
Marcella Bush Trevino
Scott Tribble
Tom Trinchera
Nicholas A. Turse
Anthony Ubelhor
Daryl Umberger
Rob Van Kranenburg
Robert VanWynsberghe
Colby Vargas
Sue Walker
Lori C. Walters
Nancy Lan-Jy Wang
Adam Wathen
Laural Weintraub
Jon Weisberger
David B. Welky
Christopher W. Wells
Celia White
Christopher S. Wilson
David B. Wilson
Kristi M. Wilson
Jeff Wiltse
Wendy Woloson
David E. Woodward
Bradford W. Wright
Sharon Yablon
Daniel Francis Yezbick
Stephen D. Youngkin
Kristal Brent Zook
xxi
LIST OF ENTRIES
A&R Men/Women
Aaron, Hank
AARP (American Association
for Retired Persons)
ABBA
Abbey, Edward
Abbott and Costello
Abdul-Jabbar, Kareem
Abortion
Abstract Expressionism
Academy Awards
AC/DC
Ace, Johnny
Acker, Kathy
Acupuncture
Adams, Ansel
Addams, Jane
Addams Family, The
Adderley, Cannonball
Adidas
Adler, Renata
Adventures of Ozzie and
Harriet, The
Advertising
Advice Columns
Advocate, The
Aerobics
Aerosmith
African American Press
African Queen, The
Agassi, Andre
Agents
AIDS
Ailey, Alvin
Air Travel
Airplane!
Alabama
Alaska-Yukon Exposition
(Seattle, 1909)
Albert, Marv
Album-Oriented Rock
Alda, Alan
Ali, Muhammad
Alice
Alien
Alka Seltzer
All About Eve
All in the Family
All My Children
All Quiet on the Western Front
Allen, Steve
Allen, Woody
Allison, Luther
Allman Brothers Band, The
Ally McBeal
Alpert, Herb, and the
Tijuana Brass
Altamont
Alternative Country Music
Alternative Press
Alternative Rock
Altman, Robert
Amazing Stories
American Bandstand
American Girls Series
American Gothic
American Graffiti
American International Pictures
American Mercury
American Museum of Natural
History
Amos ’n’ Andy Show, The
Amsterdam, Morey
Amtrak
Amusement Parks
Amway
Anderson, Marian
Anderson, Sherwood
Andretti, Mario
Andrews Sisters, The
Androgyny
Andy Griffith Show, The
Andy Hardy
Angell, Roger
Angelou, Maya
Animal House
Animated Films
Anita Hill-Clarence Thomas
Senate Hearings
Anka, Paul
Anne Frank: The Diary of a
Young Girl
Annie
Annie Get Your Gun
Annie Hall
Another World
Anthony, Piers
Aparicio, Luis
Apocalypse Now
Apollo Missions
Apollo Theatre
Apple Computer
Arbuckle, Fatty
Archie Comics
Arden, Elizabeth
Argosy
Arizona Highways
Arledge, Roone
Armani, Giorgio
Armed Forces Radio Service
Armory Show
Armstrong, Henry
Armstrong, Louis
Army-McCarthy Hearings
Arnaz, Desi
Arrow Collar Man
Arthur, Bea
Arthurian Legend
As the World Turns
Ashcan School
Ashe, Arthur
Asimov, Isaac
Asner, Ed
Astaire, Fred, and Ginger
Rogers
Astounding Science Fiction
Astrology
AT&T
A-Team, The
Athletic Model Guild
Atkins, Chet
Atlantic City
Atlantic Monthly
Atlantic Records
Atlas, Charles
Auerbach, Red
Aunt Jemima
Automobile
Autry, Gene
Avalon, Frankie
Avedon, Richard
Avengers, The
Avery, Tex
Avon
Aykroyd, Dan
‘‘B’’ Movies
Babar
Baby Boomers
Babyface
Bacall, Lauren
Bach, Richard
Back to the Future
Bad News Bears, The
Baez, Joan
Bagels
Baker, Josephine
Baker, Ray Stannard
Bakker, Jim and Tammy Faye
Balanchine, George
Baldwin, James
Ball, Lucille
Ballard, Hank
Ballet
Bambaataa, Afrika
Band, The
LIST OF ENTRIES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xxii
Bara, Theda
Baraka, Amiri
Barbecue
Barber, Red
Barbershop Quartets
Barbie
Barker, Clive
Barkley, Charles
Barney and Friends
Barney Miller
Barry, Dave
Barry, Lynda
Barrymore, John
Barton, Bruce
Baryshnikov, Mikhail
Baseball
Baseball Cards
Basie, Count
Basketball
Bathhouses
Batman
Baum, L. Frank
Bay, Mel
Bay of Pigs Invasion
Baywatch
Bazooka Joe
Beach Boys, The
Beach, Rex
Beanie Babies
Beastie Boys, The
Beat Generation
Beatles, The
Beatty, Warren
Beau Geste
Beauty Queens
Beavers, Louise
Beavis and Butthead
Bee Gees, The
Beer
Beiderbecke, Bix
Belafonte, Harry
Bell Telephone Hour, The
Bellbottoms
Belushi, John
Ben Casey
Bench, Johnny
Benchley, Robert
Ben-Hur
Benneton
Bennett, Tony
Benny Hill Show, The
Benny, Jack
Bergen, Candice
Bergen, Edgar
Bergman, Ingmar
Bergman, Ingrid
Berkeley, Busby
Berle, Milton
Berlin, Irving
Bernhard, Sandra
Bernstein, Leonard
Berra, Yogi
Berry, Chuck
Best Years of Our Lives, The
Bestsellers
Better Homes and Gardens
Betty Boop
Betty Crocker
Beulah
Beverly Hillbillies, The
Beverly Hills 90210
Bewitched
Bicycling
Big Apple, The
Big Bands
Big Bopper
Big Little Books
Big Sleep, The
Bigfoot
Bilingual Education
Billboards
Bionic Woman, The
Bird, Larry
Birkenstocks
Birth of a Nation, The
Birthing Practices
Black, Clint
Black Mask
Black Panthers
Black Sabbath
Black Sox Scandal
Blackboard Jungle, The
Blackface Minstrelsy
Blacklisting
Blade Runner
Blades, Ruben
Blanc, Mel
Bland, Bobby Blue
Blass, Bill
Blaxploitation Films
Blob, The
Blockbusters
Blondie (comic strip)
Blondie (rock band)
Bloom County
Blount, Roy, Jr.
Blue Velvet
Blueboy
Bluegrass
Blues
Blues Brothers, The
Blume, Judy
Bly, Robert
Board Games
Boat People
Bob and Ray
Bobbsey Twins, The
Bobby Socks
Bochco, Steven
Body Decoration
Bodybuilding
Bogart, Humphrey
Bok, Edward
Bomb, The
Bombeck, Erma
Bon Jovi
Bonanza
Bonnie and Clyde
Booker T. and the MG’s
Book-of-the-Month Club
Boone, Pat
Borge, Victor
Borscht Belt
Boston Celtics, The
Boston Garden
Boston Marathon
Boston Strangler
Boston Symphony Orchestra, The
Bouton, Jim
Bow, Clara
Bowie, David
Bowling
Boxing
Boy Scouts of America
Bra
Bradbury, Ray
Bradley, Bill
Bradshaw, Terry
Brady Bunch, The
Brand, Max
Brando, Marlon
Brat Pack
Brautigan, Richard
Breakfast at Tiffany’s
Breakfast Club, The
Breast Implants
Brenda Starr
Brice, Fanny
Brideshead Revisited
Bridge
Bridge on the River Kwai, The
Bridges of Madison
County, The
Brill Building
Bringing Up Baby
Brinkley, David
British Invasion
Broadway
Brokaw, Tom
Bronson, Charles
Brooklyn Dodgers, The
Brooks, Garth
Brooks, Gwendolyn
Brooks, James L.
Brooks, Louise
Brooks, Mel
Brothers, Dr. Joyce
Brown, James
Brown, Jim
Brown, Les
LIST OF ENTRIESENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xxiii
Brown, Paul
Browne, Jackson
Brownie Cameras
Brubeck, Dave
Bruce, Lenny
Bryant, Paul ‘‘Bear ’’
Brynner, Yul
Bubblegum Rock
Buck, Pearl S.
Buck Rogers
Buckley, William F., Jr.
Buckwheat Zydeco
Budweiser
Buffalo Springfield
Buffett, Jimmy
Bugs Bunny
Bumper Stickers
Bundy, Ted
Bungalow
Burger King
Burlesque
Burma-Shave
Burnett, Carol
Burns, George, and Gracie
Allen
Burns, Ken
Burr, Raymond
Burroughs, Edgar Rice
Burroughs, William S.
Buster Brown
Butch Cassidy and the
Sundance Kid
Butkus, Dick
Butler, Octavia E.
Butterbeans and Susie
Buttons, Red
Byrds, The
Cabbage Patch Kids
Cable TV
Cadillac
Caesar, Sid
Cagney and Lacey
Cagney, James
Cahan, Abraham
Cakewalks
Caldwell, Erskine
Calloway, Cab
Calvin and Hobbes
Camacho, Héctor ‘‘Macho’’
Camelot
Camp
Campbell, Glen
Campbell, Naomi
Camping
Cancer
Candid Camera
Caniff, Milton
Canova, Judy
Canseco, Jose
Cantor, Eddie
Capital Punishment
Capone, Al
Capote, Truman
Capra, Frank
Captain America
Captain Kangaroo
Captain Marvel
Car 54, Where Are You?
Car Coats
Caray, Harry
Carey, Mariah
Carlin, George
Carlton, Steve
Carmichael, Hoagy
Carnegie, Dale
Carnegie Hall
Carpenters, The
Carr, John Dickson
Cars, The
Carson, Johnny
Carter Family, The
Caruso, Enrico
Carver, Raymond
Casablanca
Cash, Johnny
Caspar Milquetoast
Cassette Tape
Cassidy, David
Castaneda, Carlos
Castle, Vernon and Irene
Castro, The
Casual Friday
Catalog Houses
Catch-22
Catcher in the Rye, The
Cather, Willa
Cathy
Cats
Cavett, Dick
CB Radio
CBS Radio Mystery
Theater, The
Celebrity
Celebrity Caricature
Cemeteries
Central Park
Century 21 Exposition
(Seattle, 1962)
Century of Progress
(Chicago, 1933)
Challenger Disaster
Chamberlain, Wilt
Chandler, Raymond
Chandu the Magician
Chanel, Coco
Chaplin, Charlie
Charles, Ray
Charlie Chan
Charlie McCarthy
Charlie’s Angels
Charm Bracelets
Chase, Chevy
Chautauqua Institution
Chavez, Cesar
Chavis, Boozoo
Chayefsky, Paddy
Checker, Chubby
Cheech and Chong
Cheerleading
Cheers
Chemise
Chenier, Clifton
Cherry Ames
Chessman, Caryl
Chicago Bears, The
Chicago Bulls, The
Chicago Cubs, The
Chicago Jazz
Chicago Seven, The
Child, Julia
Child Stars
China Syndrome, The
Chinatown
Chipmunks, The
Choose-Your-Own-Ending
Books
Christie, Agatha
Christmas
Christo
Chrysler Building
Chuck D
Chun King
Church Socials
Cigarettes
Circus
Cisneros, Sandra
Citizen Kane
City Lights
City of Angels, The
Civil Disobedience
Civil Rights Movement
Civil War Reenactors
Claiborne, Liz
Clairol Hair Coloring
Clancy, Tom
Clapton, Eric
Clark, Dick
Clarke, Arthur C.
Clemente, Roberto
Cleopatra
Clift, Montgomery
Cline, Patsy
Clinton, George
Clockwork Orange, A
Clooney, Rosemary
Close Encounters of the
Third Kind
Closet, The
CNN
LIST OF ENTRIES ENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xxiv
Cobb, Ty
Coca, Imogene
Coca-Cola
Cocaine/Crack
Cocktail Parties
Cody, Buffalo Bill, and his
Wild West Show
Coffee
Cohan, George M.
Colbert, Claudette
Cold War
Cole, Nat ‘‘King’’
College Fads
College Football
Collins, Albert
Coltrane, John
Columbo
Columbo, Russ
Comic Books
Comics
Comics Code Authority
Coming Out
Commodores, The
Communes
Communism
Community Media
Community Theatre
Como, Perry
Compact Discs
Concept Album
Conceptual Art
Condé Nast
Condoms
Coney Island
Confession Magazines
Coniff, Ray
Connors, Jimmy
Consciousness Raising Groups
Conspiracy Theories
Consumer Reports
Consumerism
Contemporary Christian Music
Convertible
Conway, Tim
Cooke, Sam
Cooper, Alice
Cooper, Gary
Cooperstown, New York
Coors
Copland, Aaron
Corbett, James J.
Corman, Roger
Corvette
Corwin, Norman
Cosby, Bill
Cosby Show, The
Cosell, Howard
Cosmopolitan
Costas, Bob
Costello, Elvis
Costner, Kevin
Cotten, Joseph
Cotton Club, The
Coué, Emile
Coughlin, Father Charles E.
Country Gentlemen
Country Music
Cousteau, Jacques
Covey, Stephen
Cowboy Look, The
Cox, Ida
Crawford, Cindy
Crawford, Joan
Cray, Robert
Creationism
Credit Cards
Creedence Clearwater Revival
Crichton, Michael
Crime Does Not Pay
Crinolines
Crisis, The
Croce, Jim
Cronkite, Walter
Crosby, Bing
Crosby, Stills, and Nash
Crossword Puzzles
Cruise, Tom
Crumb, Robert
Crystal, Billy
Cukor, George
Cullen, Countee
Cult Films
Cults
Cunningham, Merce
Curious George
Currier and Ives
Dahmer, Jeffrey
Dallas
Dallas Cowboys, The
Daly, Tyne
Dana, Bill
Dance Halls
Dandridge, Dorothy
Daniels, Charlie
Daredevil, the Man
Without Fear
Dark Shadows
Darrow, Clarence
Davis, Bette
Davis, Miles
Davy Crockett
Day, Doris
Day the Earth Stood Still, The
Days of Our Lives
Daytime Talk Shows
Daytona 500
DC Comics
De La Hoya, Oscar
De Niro, Robert
Dead Kennedys, The
Dean, James
Death of a Salesman
Debs, Eugene V.
Debutantes
Deer Hunter, The
DeGeneres, Ellen
Del Río, Dolores
DeMille, Cecil B.
Dempsey, Jack
Denishawn
Denver, John
Department Stores
Depression
Derleth, August
Detective Fiction
Detroit Tigers, The
Devers, Gail
Devo
Diamond, Neil
Diana, Princess of Wales
DiCaprio, Leonardo
Dick and Jane Readers
Dick, Philip K.
Dick Tracy
Dickinson, Angie
Diddley, Bo
Didion, Joan
Didrikson, Babe
Dieting
Dietrich, Marlene
Diff’rent Strokes
Dilbert
Dillard, Annie
Diller, Phyllis
Dillinger, John
DiMaggio, Joe
Dime Novels
Dime Stores/Woolworths
Diners
Dionne Quintuplets
Dirty Dozen, The
Disability
Disaster Movies
Disc Jockeys
Disco
Disney (Walt Disney Company)
Ditka, Mike
Divine
Divorce
Dixieland
Do the Right Thing
Dobie Gillis
Doby, Larry
Doc Martens
Doc Savage
Doctor Who
Doctor Zhivago
Doctorow, E. L.
Docudrama
LIST OF ENTRIESENCYCLOPEDIA OF POPULAR CULTURE
xxv
Do-It-Yourself Improvement
Domino, Fats
Donahue, Phil
Donovan
Doobie Brothers, The
Doonesbury
Doors, The
Doo-wop Music
Dorsey, Jimmy
Dorsey, Tommy
Double Indemnity
Douglas, Lloyd C.
Douglas, Melvyn
Douglas, Mike
Downs, Hugh
Doyle, Arthur Conan
Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde
Dr. Kildare
Dr. Seuss
Dr. Strangelove or: How I
Learned to Stop Worrying
and Love the Bomb
Dracula
Draft, The
Drag
Drag Racing
Dragnet
Dragon Lady
Dream Team
Dreiser, Theodore
Drifters, The
Drive-In Theater
Drug War
Du Bois, W. E. B.
Duck Soup
Dukes of Hazzard, The
Duncan, Isadora
Dungeons and Dragons
Dunkin’ Donuts
Dunne, Irene
Duran, Roberto
Durbin, Deanna
Durocher, Leo
Duvall, Robert
Dyer, Wayne
Dykes to Watch Out For
Dylan, Bob
Dynasty
Eames, Charles and Ray
Earth Day
Earth Shoes
Eastwood, Clint
Easy Rider
Ebbets Field
Ebony
EC Comics
Eckstine, Billy
Eco-Terrorism
Eddy, Duane
Eddy, Mary Baker
Eddy, Nelson
Edge of Night, The
Edison, Thomas Alva
Edsel, The
Edwards, James
Edwards, Ralph
Eight-Track Tape
Einstein, Albert
Eisner, Will
El Teatro Campesino
El Vez
Electric Appliances
Electric Guitar
Electric Trains
Elizondo, Hector
Elkins, Aaron
Ellington, Duke
Ellis, Brett Easton
Ellis, Perry
Ellison, Harlan
Elway, John
E-mail
Emmy Awards
Empire State Building
Environmentalism
Equal Rights Amendment
ER
Erdrich, Louise
Erector Sets
Ertegun, Ahmet
Erving, Julius ‘‘Dr. J’’
Escher, M. C.
ESPN
Esquire
est
E.T. The Extra-Terrestrial
Etiquette Columns
Evangelism
Everly Brothers, The
Everson, Cory
Evert, Chris
Existentialism
Exorcist, The
Fabares, Shelley
Fabian
Fabio
Facelifts
Factor, Max
Fadiman, Clifton
Fail-Safe
Fairbanks, Douglas, Jr.
Fairbanks, Douglas, Sr.
Fallout Shelters
Family Circle
Family Circus, The
Family Matters
Family Reunions
Family Ties
Fan Magazines
Fantasia
Fantastic Four, The
Fantasy Island
Far Side, The
Fargo
Farm Aid
Farr, Jamie
Fast Food
Fatal Attraction
Father Divine
Father Knows Best
Father’s Day
Faulkner, William
Fauset, Jessie Redmon
Fawcett, Farrah
Fawlty Towers
FBI (Federal Bureau of
Investigation)
Feliciano, José
Felix the Cat
Fellini, Federico
Feminism
Fenway Park
Ferrante and Teicher
Fetchit, Stepin
Fibber McGee and Molly
Fiddler on the Roof
Fidrych, Mark ‘‘Bird’’
Field and Stream
Field of Dreams
Field, Sally
Fields, W. C.
Fierstein, Harvey
Fifties, The
Film Noir
Firearms
Firesign Theatre
Fischer, Bobby
Fisher, Eddie
Fisher-Price Toys
Fisk, Carlton
Fistful of Dollars, A
Fitzgerald, Ella
Fitzgerald, F. Scott
Flack, Roberta
Flag Burning
Flag Clothing
Flagpole Sitting
Flappers
Flash Gordon
Flashdance Style
Flatt, Lester
Flea Markets
Fleetwood Mac
Fleming, Ian
Fleming, Peggy
Flintstones, The
Flipper
Florida Vacations