Остапчук М.В. Система технологій
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
71
t !! ,
! , @
P !!
A
B
! .
% >
A
@ -
, >
B
, @ -
A. +
. <, ! -
@
! -
, # , @#
. F! @ , -
, @# , :
CH
3
COOH + HCO
3
o CH
3
COO + H
2
O + CO
2
. (3.15)
' ! ! -
@ , !
/-E#, !! , -
! ( ) -
@# >
, @ !
. @ ! -
-
!. <, .
%> !! (! ) # -
@ @# !! -
, ! .
F , -
! /–E, ># > ,
> ! ! # , , -
# G, @ -
! .
9
# -
. % ,
@ ! -
! !! .
C ! @ !
72
nm
BAKv
1
G
, (3.16)
@ !
p
DKv
2
G
, (3.17)
[
1
[
2
– @ !;
, D – !! ( ! ) -
,
, .
9 [ # @
@ ! ,
21
vv
HG
,
K
1
[A
x
]
m
[B
x
]
n
= K
2
[D
x
]
p
. (3.18)
>@
>@>@
n
X
m
X
n
X
BA
D
K
K
K
2
1
,
(3.19)
&
,
&
D
&
– !! !
.
C !
, !!
(, /
3
) @ N. (-
, [
, [
,
[
n
. ( ’ :
[
= [
(RT)
'
N
K
p
= [
N
'
N
, (3.20)
– @;
N – !.
C !
N = p – (m + n). (3.21)
C
. <, @-
! , 0,1 %.
C !!,
!! . F -
73
, !! -
!!. D-
! -
-
, !, -
. C -
.
! /-E# !,
,
.
M
S = K – f + 2 , (3.22)
( S),
[ f.
3.2.2. ! "#
9 # !
. ( !# @
!. 9 ’ # ! ,
. 4# !-
-
. 4 # -
!, -
.
C @
. & ! -
# # , !-
# .
@ > #
! !#, -
# > # :
I = L X, (3.23)
I – @;
L – !#;
74
X – !.
% !
(# !!, , -
>). % !# @
> !, > # ! (!#
, , @ -
! >).
H - -
!, -
, . ( -
# - !, , -
@ !.
J # >, -
. ( #
: , , -
! . C ! @
# , # @ -
!, -
.
J # , ’ !-
!. H -
, > @ !. H-
!
. @ -
! ’ (pH = 7; t = 37qC) -
@# (10
12
...10
18
) .
9 - ! # -
- >: , , @-
, !, , !, @, ,
, , , >.
C >
:
– H’#:
WO
dx
dt
Q
;
– H:
W
dx
dc
DG
;
75
! – C:
W
dl
dp
kG
1
;
:
W
dx
dz
kG
2
(3.24)
(@# ) – <-
:
WP
dx
dv
F
;
– $:
W
dx
du
kq
e 3
.
' ! Q, G, q
e
, f – ,
, ; O, D, k
1
, k
2
, P , k
3
– !# -
, , !, @ – # -
!#;
dx
dc
;
dx
dt
;
dx
dv
;
dx
du
;
dx
dz
;
dx
dp
– # !!,
, @, , , , # -
! .
< >
! -
, ’ ! !,
@ , #
! @ .
' ! > , , -
, # ! @, # ,
H:
2
2
x
c
D
w
w
w
w
W
. (3.25)
!! !
, , = f(W,x,c),
> ’ ! , -
. <, #
> l, !! -
,
:
76
W
= 0, =
0,
0 < = x < = l.
' -
W
!!
# :
W
=
W
I;
x = 0; x = l; = 0.
& – >. &-
– >.
% > !#-
, > # :
Q
1
= D
1
F(t
p1
– t
1
);
(3.26)
Q
2
=
O
G
F(t
1
– t
2
);
Q
3
= D
2
F(t
2
– t
p2
).
%, : Q = Q
1
= Q
2
= Q
3
= kF(t
p1
– t
p2
),
21
21
11
1
,,,
DO
G
D
ODD
k
i
– !# -
, . ' !
!# # !# !# -
.
$ , # -
>, >,
!. <-
> , > -
! # !#. -
! !-
- # # :
i
n
k
k
ii
XLI
¦
1
, $ = 1, 2, 3, ..., (3.27)
L
ik
– !# #-
!#.
77
3.3. - "(' ')
3.3.1.
$%
$ (
!, -
! !, -
, !, !
! @ ) -
!:
> ,
!, ! , -
! .
@ -
! # !
! !,
@
. C ! !-
-
!, -
(). J- -
@ , #
,
! .
' ’
!
!
, @ > .
F ! >
, > @ !, > -
, -
! .
#
# @. $ , > -
# ! ! , -
!, , ,
78
! . 4 -
@ .
F!, !,
- -
. <, ! -
> @ , @ -
. % -
!
@
, . O@
-
!
.
9 , , , , -
@ -
!. C
!. <, ! -
@ !, !# - ,
!, -
@ > ’ .
<@ () ! -
@ @ -
,
() !
! ’# > . '
-
# # ! > .
$ @ @ # -
! @ ! !. < -
. -
@ # > -
. %! # -
, @
!, , -
, >. 9
@
79
,
! "$.
3.3.2. &#" -
( , ,
!, # !. '
’ ! ! -
# -
!.
$
!! . <,
(50...70)% , (0,5...3,0)% , -
! (20...50)% !,
1%. ' ! ! (16...24)% !. (-
’ 50% , >.
9 , -
@# ! : -
, !, ! -
@ () .
<,
8 . C -
# , @ !
!. < -
@ # .
9 # !
. ( ’#
!, !
! .
(, > 11 -
#. / # – -
, , , , , , . L -
(60...70)% . O >
# , -
# , # -
. m ’:
80
– ( , -
>);
– ! (
). 9! -
, ! @@ -
, # @ -
! @ ;
– . 4,
, -
, @! , -
, >. C 1000
! 15 500 , –
15 . K , ! ’ -
@ .
! !! ,
(, ) # . % -
-
! (,
, ). & -
# @ , -
!.
< , -
!, -
@ !, -
# !.
%
, -
( ! -
# !),
( #
@ !) @ ,
! (, ! @
).
! ,
(, , ).
$
’ -
(!, , >),