16
№141. а) (y + 4) – (y – 1) = 6y, y + 4 – y + 1 – 6y = 0, –6y = –5, y =
6
5
;
б) 3
p – 1 – (p + 3) = 1, 3p – 1 – p – 3 = 1, 2p = 5, p = 2,5;
в) 6
x – (7x – 12) = 101, 6x – 7x + 12 = 101, –x = 89, x = –89;
г) 20
x = 19 – (3 + 12x), 20x = 19 – 3 – 12x, 32x = 16, x = 0,5.
№142. а) (13x–15)–(9+6x)=–3x, 13x–15 – 9 – 6x + 3x = 0, 10x = 24, x = 2,4;
б) 12–(4
x–18)=(36+4x)+(18–6x), 12–4x+18=54–2x, 2x = –24, x = –12;
в) 1,6
x–(x–2,8)=(0,2x+1,5)–0,7, 1,6x–x+2,8=0,2x+0,8, 0,4x=–2, x = –5;
г) (0,5
x + 1,2) – (3,6 – 4,5x) = (4,8 – 0,3x ) + (10,5x + 0,6),
0,5
x + 1,2 – 3,6 + 4,5x = 4,8 – 0,3x + 10,5x + 0,6,
5
x – 2,4 = 10,2x + 5,4, 5,2x = –7,8, x = –1,5.
№143. а) 5x + (3x – 3) = 6x + 11, 8x –3 = 6x + 11, 2x = 14, x = 7;
б) 3
a – (10 + 5a) = 54, 3a – 10 – 5a = 54, –2a = 64, a = –32;
в) (
x–7)–(2x+9)=–13, x–7–2x – 9 = –13, –x = – 13 + 9 + 7 = 3, x = –3;
г) 0,6+(0,5
y–1) = y + 0,5, 0,6 + 0,5y – 1 = y + 0,5, 0,5y = –0,9, y=–1,8.
№144.
а) 8b – 27 = 5, 8b = 32, b = 4; б) 8b – 27 = –11, 8b = 16, b = 2;
в) 8
b – 27 = 1,8, 8b = 28,8, b = 3,6; г) 8b – 27 = –1, 8b = 26, b = 3,25.
№145.
а) 2m – 13 = m + 3, m = 16; б) (3–5c)+1=1–c, 4–5c = 1 – c, 4c = 3, c = 0,75;
в) (2
x + 1) – 20 = 8x + 5, 6x = –24, x = –4;
г) 3
x = 45 – 10x, 13x = 45, x =
45 6
3
13 13
=
; д) 9 – y = 2y, 3y = 9, y = 3.
№146.
а) 5y + 3 = 36 – y, 6y = 33, y = 5,5; б) 7y – 2 – 10 = 2y, 5y = 12, y = 2,4;
в) 9,3
y – 25 = 1,7y + 37 + 14, 7,6y = 76, y = 10.
№147. а) 2x + 5 = 2 ⋅ (x + 1) + 11, 2x + 5 = 2x + 2 + 11, 0 ⋅ x = 7, 0 = 7,
не имеет решений;
б) 5 ⋅ (2y – 4) = 2 ⋅ (5y – 10), 10y – 20 = 10y – 20, 0 ⋅ y=0, x — любое;
в) 3
y – (y – 19) = 2y, 2y + 19 = 2y, 0 ⋅ y = 19, не имеет решений;
г) 6
x = 1 – (4 – 6x), 6x = –3 + 6x, 0 ⋅ x = 1, не имеет решений.
№148. а) 15 ⋅ (x + 2) – 30 = 12x, 15x + 30 – 30 = 12x, 3x = 0, x = 0;
б) 6 ⋅ (1 + 5
x) = 5 ⋅ (1 + 6x), 6 + 30x = 5 + 30x, 0 ⋅ x = 1, 0 = 1,
не имеет решений;
в) 3y + (y – 2) = 2 ⋅ (2y – 1), 3y + y – 2 = 4y – 2, 0 ⋅ y =0, 0 = 0,
верно для любого
y;
г) 6
y – (y – 1) = 4 + 5y, 6y – y + 1 = 4 + 5y, 0 ⋅ y = 3,
не имеет решений.
№149. а) 5 ⋅ (3x + 1,2) + x = 6,8, 15x + 6 + x = 6,8, 16x = 0,8, x =0,05;
б) 4 ⋅ (
x + 3,6) = 3x – 1,4, 4x + 14,4 = 3x – 1,4, x = –15,8;
в) 13 – 4,5
y = 2 ⋅ (3,7 – 0,5y), 13 – 4,5y = 7,4 – y, 3,5y = 5,6, y= 1,6;
г) 5,6 – 7
y = –4 ⋅ (2y – 0,9) + 2,4, 5,6 – 7y = –8y + 3,6 + 2,4, y = 0,4.
№150. а) 0,4x+3=0,2⋅(3x+1)–x, 0,4x+3=0,6x + 0,2 – x, 0,8x = –2,8, x = –3,5;
б) 3,4 – 0,6
x = 2x – (0,4x + 1), 3,4 – 0,6x = 2x – 0,4x – 1,
3,4 – 0,6
x = 1,6x – 1, 2,2x = 4,4, x = 2;