Минухин С., Фишман Ч. Техники семейной терапии
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ËÈÒÅÐÀÒÓÐÀ
ÑÏÎÍÒÀÍÍÎCÒÜ
1. Miyamoto Musashi, A Book of Five Rings: A guide to Strategy, trans. Victor
Harris (Woodstock, N.Y.: The Overlook Press, 1974), pp. 7879.
2. Jay Haley, Problem Solving Therapy (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1976), p. 172.
ÑÅÌÜÈ
Epigraph: Lewis Thomas, The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher (New
York: Bantam Books, 1974), p. 147.
1. Salvador Minuchin, Bernise L.Rosman, and Lester Baker, Psychosomatic
Families: Anorexia Nevrosa in Context (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1978),
p.45.
2. Albert Scheflen, Family Cjmmunication and Social Connectedness in the
Development of Schizophrenia, in Maurizio Andofi and Israel Zwerling, Dimensions
in Family Therapy (New York: Guilford Press, 1980), chap.9.
3. Arthur Koestler, Janus: A Summing Up (New York: Vintage Books, 1979),
p.33.
4. Murray Bowen, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (New York: Jason Aronson,
1978), 306307.
5. P.Glansdorff and Ilya Prigorine, Thermodynamic Theory of Structure, Stability
and Fluctuations (New York: Wiley, 1971), pp. xiv-xxi.
6. Erich Jantsch, Design for Evolution: Self Organization and Plannind in the Life
of Human Systems (New York: George Braziller, 1975), p. 37. The authors are indebted
to Paul F. Dell and Harold a. Goolishian, whose paper Order Through Fluctuation:
An Evolutionary Epistemology for Human Systems (presented at the Annual Scientific
Meeting of the A.K. Rise Institute Houston, Texas, 1979) enhanced our interpretation
of Prigogine and Jantsch.
ÏÐÈÑÎÅÄÈÍÅÍÈÅ
1. Donald Meltzer, Routine and Inspired Interpretations, Contemporary
Psychoanalysis 14, ¹ 2 (April 1978): 211225.
2. Lyman Wynne, I Ryckoff, J. Day, and S. Hersch, Pseudo-Mutuality in the
Family Relationships of Schizophrenics, Psychiatry 21 (1958): 205220.
3. Jay Haley and Linn Hoffman, Techniques of Family Therapy (New York: Basic
Books, 1967), pp. 307308; Augustus Y. Napier with Carl Whitaker, The Family
Crucible (New York: Harper & Row, 1978), p. 9.
4. Mara Selvini-Palazzoli, L. Boscolo, G. Ceccin, and G. Prata, Paradox and
Counter Paradox (New York: Jason Aronson, 1978).
5. Murray Bowen, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (New York: Jason Aronson,
1978), 310.
292
6. Dorothy R. Blitsten, The Social Theories of Harry Stack Sallivan (New York:
William-Frederick Press, 1953).
ÏËÀÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ
1. Hope J. Leichter and William E. Mitchell, Kinship and Casework (New York:
Russel Sage Foundation, 1967).
2. Salvador Minuchin, Braulio Montalvo, B.G. Guerney, Jr., B.L. Rosman,
and Florence Schumer, Families of the Slums (New York: Basic Books, 1967).
3. Minuchin et al., Families of the Slums.
ÈÇÌÅÍÅÍÈß
1. Augustus Y. Napier with Carl Whitaker, The Family Crucible (New York:
Harper & Row, 1978), Cloe Madanes and Jay Haley, Dimensions of Family Therapy,
Jornal of Mental and Nevrous Diseases 165, ¹ 2 (1977): 8898.
2. Salvador Minuchin, Bernise L. Rosman, and Lester Baker, Psychosomatic
Families: Anorexia Nevrosa in Context (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1978),
chap. 9.
ÈÍÑÖÅÍÈÐÎÂÊÀ
Epigraph: Willian B. Yeats, Among School Children, in The New Oxford Book of
English Verse, 12501950, ed. Helen Gardner (New York: Oxford University
Press,1972), pp. 824826.
1. Henry Bergson, An Introduction to Metaphysics, trans. T.E. Hulme (New York:
Liberal Arts Press, 1955).
ÔÎÊÓÑÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ
1. Videotape, Heroin My Baby, ed. Jay Haley.
ÏÅÐÅÑÒÐÓÊÒÓÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ
1. Herbert A. Simon, The Architecture of Complexsity, Proceeding of the
American Philosophical Society 106, ¹ 3 (December 1962).
2. Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality
(New York: Doubleday, 1967) pp. 5359, 118.
3. Murray Bowen, Family Therapy in Clinical Practice (New York: Jason Aronson,
1978), 530.
ÂÇÀÈÌÎÄÎÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÎÑÒÜ
1. The I Ching or Book of Changes, trans. Cary F. Baynes and Richard Wilhelm
(Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1967), p. 570.
2. Lewis Thomas, The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher (New York:
Bantam Books, 1974), p. 167.
3. Fritjoif Capra, The Tao of Physics (Boulder: Shambhala, 1975), pp. 151160.
4. Thomas, Lives of the Cell p.12.
5. Lama Angarika Govinda, Logic and Symbol in the Multi-Demensional
Conceptions in the Universe, in Main Currents, vol. 25, p. 60.
6. Salvador Minuchin, Families and Family Therapy (Cambridge: Harvard University
Press, 1974), p. 159.
293
7. Ernst F. Schumacher, Small Is Beautiful (New York: Harper & Row, 1973),
p. 14.
ÐÅÀËÜÍÎÑÒÈ
1. Richard Liewellyn, A Man in a Mirror (Gardien City, N.Y.: Doubleday, 1961).
2. Sol Worth and John Adair, The Navajo as a Filmmaker: A Brief Report of
Some Recent Research in the Cross-Cultural Aspects of Film Communications, in
American Antropology 69 (1967), 7678.
3. Richard Chalfen and Jay Haley, Reaction to Socio-Documentary Film Research
in a Mental Health Clinic, in American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 41 ¹ 1 (January
1971): 91100.
4. Jose Ortega y Gasset, Miditations on Don Quixote (New York: W.W. Norton,
1961), p. 87.
5. George Herbert Mead, On Social Psychology (Chicago: University of Chicago Press,
1977), pp. 202, 207.
6. Dorothy R. Blitsten, The Social Theories of Harry Sallyvan (New York: William-
Frederick Press, 1953), p. 138.
7. Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality (New
York: Doubleday, 1967) pp. 9495.
8. Berger and Luckmann, The Social Construction of Reality, p. 125.
9. Nigel Dennis, Cards of Identity (New York: Vangurd Press, 1955), p. 118.
ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÊÖÈÈ
1. Ivan Boszormenyi-Nagy, Contextual Therapy: Therapeutic Leverages in Mobilizing
Trust, in The American Family, Unit IV, ¹ 2 (Philadelphia: Smith, Kline, & French,
1979).
2. Jose Ortega y Gasset, Miditations on Don Quixote (New York: W.W. Norton,
1961), p. 184.
ÏÀÐÀÄÎÊÑÛ
1. Rohrbaugh, Tennen et al., Paradoxical Strategies in Psychotherapy, Paper read
at meeting of the American Psychological Association, San Francisco, 1977.
2. Michel Foucault, Madness and Civilization: A History of Insanity in the Age of
Reason (New York: Pantheon, 1965).
3. Carlos Castaneda, A Journey to Ixtlan (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1973),
p. xi.
ÑÈËÜÍÛÅ ÑÒÎÐÎÍÛ
1. Jane Howard, Families (New York: Berkley Books, 1980), p. 58.
2. Philip Larkin, This Be The Verse, in High Windows (London: Faber and
Faber, 1974), p. 30.
3. R.D.Laing, Facts of Life (New York: Ballantine Books, 1976), pp. 2, 3.
4. Andrew Ferber, Marilyn Mendelsohn, and Augustine Napier, The Book of Family
Therapy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972), pp. 9091.
5. Howard, Families, pp. 36.
6. John E. Bell, The Family in the Hospital: Lessons from Developing Countries (Chevy
Chase, Md.: NIMH, 1969), pp. 36.
7. Betty McDonald, Anybody Can Do AnyThing (New York: J.B. Lippincott, 1950),
p. 11.
ÇÀ ÏÐÅÄÅËÀÌÈ ÌÅÒÎÄÀ
1. Carl Whitaker and D.V.Keith, Experiental/Symbolic Family Therapy, in
Handbook of Family Therapy (New York: Brunner/Mazel).
2. Andrew Ferber, Marilyn Mendelsohn, and Augustine Napier, The Book of Family
Therapy (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1972), p. 588.
3. Personal communications with Cloe Madanes.
4. Jay Haley Uncommon Therapy: The Psychyatric Techniques of Milton H. Erickson,
M.d. (New York: W.W.Norton, 1973), p. 214, 290.
5. Salvador Minuchin, Braulio Montalvo, B.G. Guerney, Jr., Bernise L. Rosman,
and Florense Schumer, Familias y Terapia Familiar (Barselona: Granica Editor, 1977),
p. 178.
7. Mary Catherine Bateson, Daddy, Can a Scientist Be Wise? in About Bateson:
An An Introduction to Gregory Bateson, ed. John Brockman, (New York: E.P. Dutton,
1977), p. 69.
295
ÑÎÄÅÐÆÀÍÈÅ
Ðåàëüíîñòü ñåìåéíîé ñòðóêòóðû. Ïðåäèñëîâèå À.Â.×åðíèêîâà .........................5
1. ÑÏÎÍÒÀÍÍÎÑÒÜ .............................................................................................7
Òåðàïåâòè÷åñêàÿ ñïîíòàííîñòü ........................................................................8
Ìåòîäû îáó÷åíèÿ ........................................................................................... 11
2. ÑÅÌÜÈ ............................................................................................................ 17
Èíäèâèäóàëüíûé õîëîí ................................................................................. 19
Ñóïðóæåñêèé õîëîí ........................................................................................22
Ðîäèòåëüñêèé õîëîí .......................................................................................24
Õîëîí ñèáëèíãîâ ............................................................................................ 25
Ðàçâèòèå è èçìåíåíèå .................................................................................... 26
Îáðàçîâàíèå ïàð............................................................................................. 29
Ñåìüè ñ ìàëåíüêèìè äåòüìè .........................................................................30
Ñåìüè ñ äåòüìè-øêîëüíèêàìè èëè ïîäðîñòêàìè ......................................... 31
Ñåìüè ñ âçðîñëûìè äåòüìè ........................................................................... 32
3. ÏÐÈÑÎÅÄÈÍÅÍÈÅ ....................................................................................... 34
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå òåðàïåâòîì ñîáñòâåííîãî ÿ .............................................. 35
Òåñíàÿ áëèçîñòü ..............................................................................................39
Ïðîìåæóòî÷íàÿ ïîçèöèÿ ................................................................................ 40
Îòñòðàíåííàÿ ïîçèöèÿ ...................................................................................45
Ïðîáëåìû ........................................................................................................ 46
Ïîêàçàòåëüíûé ïðèìåð .................................................................................. 48
4. ÏËÀÍÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ .......................................................................................... 56
Ñåìüè-ïà-äå-äå ...........................................................................................57
Ñåìüè, ñîñòîÿùèå èç òðåõ ïîêîëåíèé .......................................................... 58
Ñåìüè ñ äåëåãèðîâàíèåì îáÿçàííîñòåé ........................................................59
Ñåìüÿ-àêêîðäåîí .........................................................................................60
Áðîäÿ÷èå ñåìüè .............................................................................................. 61
Îïåêóíñêèå ñåìüè .......................................................................................... 62
Ñåìüè ñ ïðèåìíûìè ðîäèòåëÿìè ................................................................. 63
Ñåìüè ñ ïðèâèäåíèåì ................................................................................63
Íåóïðàâëÿåìûå ñåìüè..................................................................................... 64
Ïñèõîñîìàòè÷åñêèå ñåìüè .............................................................................. 66
Îïðåäåëåíèå ñòðóêòóðû ïî ïåðâûì êîíòàêòàì .............................................67
6. ÈÇÌÅÍÅÍÈß ................................................................................................. 71
Âûçîâ, áðîøåííûé ñèìïòîìó ...................................................................... 74
Âûçîâ ñòðóêòóðå ñåìüè ...................................................................................75
Âûçîâ ñåìåéíîé ðåàëüíîñòè .......................................................................... 78
6. ÏÅÐÅÎÏÐÅÄÅËÅÍÈÅ ÑÈÒÓÀÖÈÈ ............................................................80
7. ÈÍÑÖÅÍÈÐÎÂÊÀ.......................................................................................... 84
Ïåðâàÿ ôèãóðà: ñïîíòàííûå âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ............................................... 88
Âòîðàÿ ôèãóðà: âûÿâëåíèå âçàèìîäåéñòâèé .................................................90
Òðåòüÿ ôèãóðà: àëüòåðíàòèâíûå âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ .......................................... 92
Âûäåëåíèå ñïîíòàííîãî âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ..................................................... 94
Ïðèìåð íåóäà÷íîãî òåðàïåâòè÷åñêîãî âìåøàòåëüñòâà .................................. 99
8. ÔÎÊÓÑÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ ..................................................................................... 102
Ëîâóøêè ........................................................................................................ 104
Èñïîëüçîâàíèå èçìåíåíèé .......................................................................... 105
9. ÍÀÏÐßÆÅÍÍÎÑÒÜ ...................................................................................... 120
Ïîâòîðåíèå âîçäåéñòâèÿ .............................................................................. 122
Ïîâòîðåíèå èçîìîðôíûõ âçàèìîäåéñòâèé .................................................. 126
Èçìåíåíèå äëèòåëüíîñòè âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ................................................. 132
Èçìåíåíèå äèñòàíöèè ................................................................................. 141
Ñîïðîòèâëåíèå íàïîðó ñåìüè ...................................................................... 142
10. ÏÅÐÅÑÒÐÓÊÒÓÐÈÐÎÂÀÍÈÅ.................................................................... 145
11. ÃÐÀÍÈÖÛ ................................................................................................... 149
Ïñèõîëîãè÷åñêàÿ äèñòàíöèÿ ........................................................................ 149
Äëèòåëüíîñòü âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ..................................................................... 156
12. ÍÀÐÓØÅÍÈÅ ÐÀÂÍÎÂÅÑÈß .................................................................. 163
Ïîêðîâèòåëüñòâî ÷ëåíàì ñåìüè ................................................................... 165
Ïîïåðåìåííîå ïîêðîâèòåëüñòâî .................................................................. 173
Èãíîðèðîâàíèå ÷ëåíîâ ñåìüè ..................................................................... 174
Êîàëèöèÿ ïðîòèâ ÷ëåíîâ ñåìüè .................................................................. 180
13. ÂÇÀÈÌÎÄÎÏÎËÍÈÒÅËÜÍÎÑÒÜ ............................................................. 192
Âûçîâ ïðîáëåìå ............................................................................................ 195
Âûçîâ ëèíåéíîìó óïðàâëåíèþ .................................................................... 197
Âûçîâ ïðè÷èííî-ñëåäñòâåííîé ñâÿçè ñîáûòèé .......................................... 198
14. ÐÅÀËÜÍÎÑÒÈ ............................................................................................. 208
Ìèðîâîñïðèÿòèå ñåìüè ................................................................................ 208
Âûðàáîòêà ìèðîâîñïðèÿòèÿ......................................................................... 210
Îáîñíîâàíèå ìèðîâîñïðèÿòèÿ .................................................................... 211
Âûçîâ ìèðîâîñïðèÿòèþ .............................................................................. 213
15. ÊÎÍÑÒÐÓÊÖÈÈ......................................................................................... 216
Óíèâåðñàëüíûå ñèìâîëû .............................................................................. 217
Ñåìåéíûå èñòèíû ........................................................................................ 229
Ñîâåòû ñïåöèàëèñòà ..................................................................................... 232
16. ÏÀÐÀÄÎÊÑÛ (ãëàâà íàïèñàíà Ïåããè Ïýïï) ............................................ 245
Ïðÿìûå âìåøàòåëüñòâà, îñíîâàííûå íà ñîãëàñèè ..................................... 246
Ïàðàäîêñàëüíûå âìåøàòåëüñòâà, îñíîâàííûå íà ïðîòèâîäåéñòâèè .......... 247
Ðåâåðñèðîâàíèå, îñíîâàííîå íà ïðîòèâîäåéñòâèè è ñîãëàñèè ................. 249
Ãðóïïà êîíñóëüòàíòîâ â êà÷åñòâå ãðå÷åñêîãî õîðà .................................. 250
Ïîñëåäîâàòåëüíîå ïðîâåäåíèå ñèñòåìíîãî ïàðàäîêñà................................. 255
17. ÑÈËÜÍÛÅ ÑÒÎÐÎÍÛ ............................................................................... 263
Íåäîñòàòêè ñåìüè ......................................................................................... 264
Ïîëüçà ñåìüè................................................................................................. 266
Ðåàêöèÿ íà èäåíòèôèöèðîâàííîãî ïàöèåíòà ............................................. 270
Àëüòåðíàòèâíûå âçàèìîäåéñòâèÿ ................................................................ 277
18. ÇÀ ÏÐÅÄÅËÀÌÈ ÌÅÒÎÄÀ ....................................................................... 287
Ëèòåðàòóðà ..................................................................................................... 291
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