Назад
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33 /7-07, / *0 +
 73, 7*6 5 ,/,3 **
)*+  3 0 /E *0.
EMA (Enterprise Marketing Automation - -42.
-6a 2) – 0* CRM *.
Enterprise-centric EDM - 0 CG". /0-
5 05 ) ,3 73
*, ,, /  *  0/,+.
=7 )+ 0 CG" , ) +3*
CG",   /7-0+.
ERD (Entity Relationship Diagrams) - ** «4-
6-376», 3,3543 ), *,65 0*-
 /,.
ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning –  Y-
 0..). * 7* ERP-* 3,3-
3 *7+3 7*37 0+ 0,3,
… 0,3 0 ,* 0,3* 3,6
*0. # * MRPII /,6 0, )-
* *, *. ERP +0+303 -
0,3  0, /7*,  ,6 07,
 MRP. N, * MRP II 0,6753 ,3 0,-
3 ,5,6  07,  * ERP
7*53 0,*   0033
(0, 0,*, 77*, )* ..). <,
* ,*  *,  MRPII, 3,33 7*-
6 «* ,7» «* 7*3
0,» 0  +0 0,3.
ERP II (Enterprise Resource and Relationship Processing -
Y Y- g- g.- 0..)
- 3 73 +0+ ERP. 3 3 ERP II 7,5-
3  7 * 7 0 0*7+ 
0+ 7+: * +  +-
 ,3 ERP * /, 3,6 0033, 
0, )*, /, , 0, 0-
* 00*,  93 /* *,
0, 0,*, 07, 0, 70*,
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* , ERP II 07,35 0,36 7*9-
3* ,*, +0* 0,  ,5 7
(.  6 , ERPII = ERP + CRM + SCM.
ETL (Extract, Transform and Load) - 0+ 0-
3 0+ 7,3, 77 0/73 -
 * /7 ,4 . ? @* @0 953
0/,* **  7 7 ,
, * / 7 * / 4,  0+,
0*465  .
FRP (Finance Requirements Planning) – ,
) .
G2C (Government-to-Customer) * -
@,3 **+3 * 7+3* )7*
,+*.
Groupware - C* ,, // *-
. C*  , 07 /06 00
0,67,, /E 9* /4 7, -
)*+, 0, 0 *065   /-
4 *.
HFD (Hierarchy Flow Diagram) – ** )+-
,6 . 7, 05 6, ,3 0-
3  0,3. * 0/,
+0+5 03  7 * *6
 *07+5 /4 7  /, *, ,6 ,3
* * 0,3.
HOLAP (Hybrid OLAP, 60 OLAP). A7/
+,65 *43  **7+ ,
04 04* ,*. , 0,673 /-
    53 ,3+-
 =",  7*453 ** =". -
 OLAP-/ 0,33 0 70 OLAP-  -
 ,3+ ** . < 0 0-
7,3 7/6 7   /0* 0-
*,6 * 0,3 , 70.
HRMS (Human Resource Management Systems) - *
0,3 ,* *.
62
HSM (Hierarchal Storage Management) – *, 0-
543    .
S /,  0,67*   /,
/,  /,  ,3,  *3  -
 0,67*3 )*+3 * 03 
*, 9 ,;
IETM (Interactive Electronic Technical Manuals) -
 @,  .
Imaging Systems - * 0,3 7/3-
*//7*. 4,35 +5 
/* , )*+ *),6* @,-
5 )*.
IMS (Information Management System) - * 0,-
3 * ,3 +  *0;
Information Management Systems - * 0,3
)*+ , 0,. /05  -
)*+, 0, )*+   7
Internet/intranet/extranet.
JIT (Just-In-Time –  ) - *,3, -
3  7+5 /7) 07 0
*** 7. </53 93 7+3
93 7+3  07 0+.
Knowledge-Driven DSS - !!", Y.- 4.- -
/05 9 7  ), 0,, 0+.
MES (Manufacturing Execution System – - Y-
. - (40a 40),  -
0.,  - 6 Y. -
40-) - @  * 0,3 07*, 3
37   /7-0+ 0033 07-
* 0+*, 0 0,3 /E-
5 0/5 )*+5 . #* , -
* MES 0 ,7 0,3 /, @))-
 9 0/,*.
MOLAP (Multidimensional OLAP, -6-. OLAP).
 ,  ,3+3   , /0-
543 ** , // 0,
63
 -  **  33 *-
* =" , *** ,,6* /.
Model-Driven DSS - !!", Y.- -0.- - -
753  * *0,3+3* ***
*,3* (*, )*, 0*7+-
*, *+*).
MPS (Master Production Schedule) - *,3 «/E*-
-, 0,3». ˆ,33 /7 0-
 ,3  0,- *,. *-
33 * 07 ,   * 0,67-
63  ,3 /7, 0*, /+.
MRO (Maintenance Repair and verhaul) 
/,, *, 0,6 *.
MRP (Materials Requirement Planning – 
-5a ) - *,3 0,3
0/ *,6 , 7,55433 0-
,  0/  0 * /E-
*-, 0, 07. #,5* 03*
*, 3,33 03 «77,», .. 0
  7,3 ,* 0 (Bill of
Materials), 0  * 0,3 0/6 4-
,33 77 *0,54. N 93 3,
Closed Loop MRP (0, 0/ *,
7** +,), 07,, * 6
0, 70 0 7 9 , 
.
MRP II (Manufacturing Resource Planning - 
40a Y) - 0, 0, -
* 07* * 0033: 6*, *-
,*, /*, 7*. (3
*,3, ,5543 MRP/CRP ,  0,, MPS
FRP.  0,67  *, /37,6
07*3 ,7 ) 7,6 07-
 0,.
ODS (Operational Data Store -  0 0-
a) - , @,* 3  CA,
64
 ,  /)* * 7+* -
*  ,4*. @* , 0 ,
 , *,3* , 0054  -
, 0  77 ,4. ,  -
,4  )*+3 ,   * 7*36-
3  **  7*3*, 034*
 .
OLAP (On-Line Analitycal Processing - . -
. ) - * ,3 ,7 /,69
/E*  * ,6 *. 7*3
OLAP-*, 0,67,6 * 4,36 /
0* )*+, 0,6 07,6 7 ,
0,36 , 0+ ,7+, ,
7 0,3, 3  *. 3 /
OLAP-* 0 * 0* /,.
 +0+ OLAP , ** 0,
. <, LAP 0,675 0/
0+,6   (LAP-/).
OLTP (On–Line Transaction Processing) - * /-
/ 7+ * ,6 * (* 0-
+ // ).
OMS (Order Management Systems) - * 0,3
77*.
PDM (Product Data Management) – * 0,3
0* *. (0,673 ,3 93 0/,* -
* )+3 *0 CA 7,
73, + / * CN/CAD/C,
0,3 0* * 0*.
PIM (Product Information Management) – * 0-
,3 )*+ / 7,.
PLC (Programmed Logic Controller) - 0***
,, (*065,  /) ,3
0,3 )*+, 0 ,7+ 0,354
7.
PLM (Product Lifecycle Management - Y c4-
- 2- 40.) * 0,3 *
65
* )*+* 0  0 3 
@0 7 +, 7,.
PSL (Process Specification Language) - 0+)+3,
73 (*  CI (National Insitute of
Stanards and Technology, NIST) ,3 03 07-
 0+. "0 / 37 -
+ BPEL BPML.
ROLAP (".2 OLAP). ?  ,3+-
 0 , //,  ,
 OLAP-*  3 )*+5 0+,6 *-
* =", 07,35 0,676 ,3 @ +, -
5 ,3+5 C="  *  7*3*, -
*  7 0 ,, 74
,  0 ..
SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquision) - -
* /  0 0 0,3
, 0+ ( 0** /0-
 C<).
SCE (Supply Chain Execution -  2 -
 c- 56 -) - 0* SCM-*.
SCM (Supply Chain Management – Y g-
.- f-, Y 2- ) -
07 ,3 *7+ 0,3 * @0-
* /3 0033 ,3 ,3  -
3  003.
SCP (Supply Chain Planning -  2 -
) - 0* SCM-*.  SCP ,35
* ,3 9 0,3 )*3 -
, ). SCP  3 * ,3 *-
 7/ 07. ** 93 7 0-
 0,3, SCP-* 07,35 4,36
 0,  +0 0:
7/6 0,  0, *,6 7,
+, +6 6 0,3 0+, -
6 0, 4 07,.
66
SFA (Sales Force Automation - - -42
 6a 6) - 0* CRM *.
SOA (Service-Oriented Architecture) – * 7 /-
 0*465  37 0,3 /7-
0+*.
STD (State Transition Diagrams) - ** 0
3, 54 /3 +5   *
// .
TCO (Total Cost of Ownership – Y. -5
0.) - *  ,3 0,3 03* -
 7 , 37 ,5/* *0* *-
065 *. L,6  0*3 - 0,6 5
, 3 , / ,6 7, 37
0/* 0,  ,, -
,  0  0,54 0,673.
TDM (Technical Data Management) – * 0,3
* *.
TIM (Technical Information Management) *
0,3  )*+.
TMS (Transportation Management Systems) - *
0,3 0.
WfMC (Workflow Management Coalition) – *-
 57 00*,.
WMS (Warehouse Management Systems) - * 0-
,3 ,*.
WorkFlow - * 0,3 0* /.
Workflow Automation - *7+3 0+, -
0,3* ,56*;
WorkFlow Management Systems - * 0,3
0* /. C*  0 07 ,3
/03 *97+ 0 / ,5/ 0 (0-
,3 0 *97+ ),) * 0-
   /7-
0+.
XLANG, WSFL (The Web Services Flow Language) - 37-
 ,3 03 /7-0+  003.
67
XPDL (XML Process Description Language) - 37 0-
3 workflow-0+, /7543  *,  -
 +0+ / *. /,69 0
  0+ * * ,5.
 - 3 376 .
+/, s-/, (a. [Y-
2.) - @ ,3 )+3, ,3543  -
,  .
*t +,+*, //J (2
, 6- 66 ) - 0,6753
,3 0 , 7* . 3,35
0-, 37 0,35 3 ,
@))+ , 07,33 ,6 5-
4 . ( * 0,676 ,3 073
, + 7 0* (7). ? 
 * , 7* ,3
 0,7 -,/  */+ (E5+)
,3 ,3 ++ , ,3 ,)+,
073 ..
  (-4. - Y.) - -
)*+3 * *7+ )+ 0,3 
003
  4" - -4. - Y.
6 40 -.
 " (-4. - Y. 0-
.-) 7+- *0,, /0-
54 7+5 0,3 0*9,* 00-
3*  /7 0,673 @*-** *-
 G, ,554  0 /
03 , ,* 9.
 2" (-4. - Y. a-
6- 2-) - 7*3 *, /0-
543 *7 / // )*+,
/* ,3 0*7+ 0,3 ,*
/E*  03* *, ,7+5
0,354 7  , /E.
68
5J+ (+,)  - *,5 3-
 0-, 37. 7,35 -
6 36 0,3  ,  /3 0 7-
 0 3 0.
u,, s/, - )*+3 / 54
.
4 *t - 3,353 *4 *
* 93 7 */ 7 7
0*7+ 0* *+ 0+  /
0.
4" (6. 40. -) - 0,3*3
* ,,6  06   , -
 /3, 34 7 7  /-
 07 *, (,) / 07-
 3, *7 * ,
0 07 * /03 )+-
3, /,543 * *7 0-
, 0 7* 0** 07 7,.
+0, uJ (decision trees, 6- [-
2) - *, 0 7,354 ,3 /54 / 
76  5  0, ,)+
0, «#... %$'...», *54  .
% - 3 C* "*+
/03 0,3.
 (Y ) @ /,6
)*, 3 7*3 7/
,,,6 *065 *, .. *,
/,54 7*3*,  * +
37* ,* 7**, 0* 37,
/, 0/6 6, 96 0/,* ..
2 (Y5 [-2 a6)
- )*+ ,,  0*
, 54 7*: , /7 7, 54
0  ,5, 00, /4, ,
+,*, 0 9  7 0, )
3,6, + 93 0
69
,, , (0*,  0, )*,7*
7,  03 9, 0, 7,
*,, /E3, / .0.); , *,
*9,3   /7 7: 0, ,
, *+ 3, 073
,)+ +, //43 0*3 .0.;
0/6 )*6 0,  93  
, , 0,, 0,
;0/6 /E336  93, ..
, *7* / E3;0/6 /5,
0/5 , ,,6, 75.
-  -   0+0 )+-
3 ** * 07, 3, 0
«*» ,,* -  3 *, /, -
* *  0*36, 0/6 /63, *
076 0*6 93 *,   /3 -
 +3.
 vJ (66, c-
, ) - 0+, 0 *
,,, 054 , 0* /)
* @0* /7 7.
 (Y. . 5, Neural network) -
0,3 / **5 , *5-
45  0 / , *7 *-
54   7*,  0/6 -
)*,6* /5, 0/6 //45 ,-
7+ ,)+ )*+, 0/6 -
*3,6 6 07    0E3,
* 3. ,*  ,*   *,
0* ,  @0 *, 3,33 , 
 0+0  53 7 7 *-
,, 3  * ,6   0E3,3* -
)*+.
s/  - 3,66 0 /-
05 )*+ ,5/ 0+.