Lewin Benjamin (ed.) Genes IX
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the embryo.
This is responsible
for imprinting,
in
which the nonmethylated
allele inherited
from
one
parent
is
essential
because
it is
the
only active allele;
the allele
inherited
from
the
other
parent
is
silent.
Patterns
of methylation
are reset
during
gamete
formation
in every
generation.
Prions
are
proteinaceous
infectious
agents
that
are
responsible
for
the
disease
of scrapie in
sheep and for related
diseases in
human
beings.
The infectious
agent is
a
variant
of a normal
cel-
Iular
protein.
The
PrPsc form
has
an altered
con-
formation
that is
self-templating:
The
normal
PrPc
form does not
usually
take
up this confor-
mation,
but does so in
the
presence
of PrPsc.
A
similar
effect is responsible
for inheritance
of
the
[PS1]
element in
yeast.
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ceptibility to induction of the
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844
CHAPTER 31 Epigenetic
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