Кузнецов Н.Д. Чистяков В.С. Сборник задач и вопросов по теплотехническим измерениям и приборам
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
Т а б л и ц а П.1.
Л'
—0,00
—0,05
—0,10
—0,15
—0,20
—0,25
—0,30
—0,35
—0,40
—0,45
—0,50
—0,55
—0,60
—0,65
—0,70
—0,75
—0,80
—0,85
—0,90
-0,95
— 1,00
— 1,05
—1,10
—1,15
—1,20
—1,25
—1,30
—1,35
— 1,40
—1,45
—1,50
Ф* (X)
0,5000
0,4801
0,4602
0,4404
0,4207
0,4013
0,3821
0,3632
0,3446
0,3264
0,3085
0,2912
0,2743
0,2578
0,2420
0,2266
0,2119
0,1977
0,1841
0,1711
0,1587
0,1469
0,1357
0,1251
0,1151
0,1056
0,0968
0,0885
0,0808
0,0735
0,0668
ПРИЛОЖЕНИЯ
Значения нормальной функции распределения
X 1
г
ф-
(х) _. •
1''
2я
X
— 1,55
— 1,60
— 1,65
—1,70
— 1,75
— 1,80
— 1,85
—1,90
—1,95
—2,00
—2,10
—2,20
—2,30
—2,40
—2,50
—2,60
—2,70
—2,80
—2,90
—3,00
—3,10
—3,20
—3,30
—3,40
—3,50
—3,60
—3,70
—3,80
—3,90
—4,00
—5,00
Ф* (X)
0,0606
0,0548
0,,0495
0,0446
0,0401
0,0359
0,0322
0,0288
0,0256
0,0228
0,0179
0,0139
0,0107
0,0082
0,0062
0,0047
0,0035
0,0026
0,0019
0,0014
0,0010
0,0007
0,0005
0,0003
0,0002
0,0002
0,0001
0,00007
0,00005
0,00003
0,0000003
—<х>
X
0,00
0,05
0,10
0,15
0,20
0,25
0,30
0,35
0,40
0,45
0,50
0,55
0,60
0,65
0,70
0,75
0,80
0,85
0,90
0,95
1,00
1,05
1,10
1,15
1,20
1,25
1,30
1,35
1,40
1,45
1,50
Ф* (X)
0,5000
0,5199
0,5398
0,5596
0,5793
0,5987
0,6179
0,6368
0,6554
0,6736
0,6915
0,7088
0,7257
0,7422
0,7580
0,7734
0,7881
0,8023
0,8159
0,8289
0,8413
0,8531
0,8643
0,8749
0,8849
0,8944
0,9032
0,9115
0,9192
0,9265
0,9332
;с
1,55
1,60
1,65
1,70
1,75
1,80
1,85
1,90
1,95
2,00
2,10
2,20
2,30
2,40
2,50
2,60
2,70
2,80
2,90
3,00
3,10
3,20
3,30
3,40
3,50
3,60
3,70
3,80
3,90
4,00
5,00
Ф* (X)
0,9394
0,9452
0,9505
0,9554
0,9599
0,9641
0,9678
0,9713
0,9744
0,9772
0,9821
0,9861
0,9893
0,9918
0,9938
0,9953
0,9965
0,9974
0,9981
0,9986
0,9990
0,9993
0,9995
0,9997
0,9998
0,9998
0,9999
0,99993
0,99995
0,99997
0,99999
К Таблица
о
£°1
г; о о
15
16
17
18
19
20
22
24
26
28
30
35
40
45
£0
0,999
3,48
3,94
4,42
4,90
5,42
5,92
6,97
8,09
9,23
10,4
11,6
14,7
17,9
21,2
24,7
1.3. Значения
0,995
4,605
5,14
5,70
6,26
6,84
7,44
8,65
9,89
11,2
12,5
13,8
17,2
20,7
24,3
28,0
0,99
5,23
5,81
6,41
7,02
7,64
8,26
9,55
10,8
12,2
13,6
14,9
18,5
22,2
25,9
29,7
критерия /•
при доверительной вероятности о
X
2
при доверительной вероятности р
0,975
6,27
6,91
7,56
8,23
8,91
9,60
11,0
12,4
13,8
15,3
16,8
20,6
24,4
28,4
32,4
0,95
7,26
7,97
8,67
9.40
10,1
10,9
12,3
13,8
15,4
16,9
18,5
22,5
26,5
30,6
34,8
0,9
8,55
9,31
10,1
10,9
11,6
12,4
14,0
15,6
17,3
18,9
20,6
24,8
29,0
33,3
37,7
0,8
10,3
11,2
12,0
12,8
13,7
14,6
16,3
18.1
19,8
21,6
23,4
27,8
32,4
36,9
41,4
0,7
11,7
12,6
13,5
14,4
15,4
16,3
18,1
19,9
21,8
23,7
25,5
30,2
34,9
39,6
44,3
0,6
13,0
14,0
14,9
15,9
16,8
17,8
19,7
21,6
23,6
25,5
27,4
32,3
37,1
42,0
46,8
0,5
14,3
15,3
16,3
17,3
18,3
19,3
21,3
23,3
25,3
27,3
29,3
34,3
39,3
44,3
49,4
0,4 0,3
15,8
16,8
17,8
18,9
20,0
21,0
23,1
25,2
27,3
29,1
31,2
36,4
41,6
46,8
52,0
17,2
18,4
19,6
20,5
21,7
22,8
24,9
27,1
29,1
31,4
33,6
38,8
44,0
49,5
54,5
0,2 0,1
19,3
20,5
21,6
22,7
23,9
25,0
27,3
29,5
31,7
34,2
36,3
41,6
47,2
52,6
58,0
22,4
23,5
24,8
25,9
27,2
28,4
30,8
33,1
35,6
37,8
40,2
46,2
52,0
57,6
63,0
0,05
25,0
26,2
27,5
28,8
30,2
31,4
33,9
36,5
39,0
41,4
43,8
49,7
55,6
61,6
67,5
0,025 0,01
27,4
28,8
30,3
31,5
32,9
34,2
36,7
39.4
41,9
44,5
47,1
53,2
59,2
65,2
71,5
30,6
32,0
33,3
34,7
36,1
37,6
40,3
43,0
45,8
48,2
51,0
57,4
63,6
69,8
76,0
0,005
32,9
34,6
35,7
37,1
38,6
40,0
42,9
45,6
48,4
51,0
53,7
60,2
66,8
73,4
79.5
0,001
37,6
39,2
40,8
42,3
43,9
45,4
48,2
51,1
54,1
56,8
59,7
66,5
73,6
80,1
86,5
К
Таблица
ю
—200ч-+100
Температура
рабочего
конца,
°С
—200
—190
—180
—170
—160
—150
—140
— 130
—120
—ПО
—100
—90
-80
—70
-60
-50
—40
-30
—20
—10
—0
+0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
П.6.
Градуировочная характеристика
°С (по СТ СЭВ
1059-78)
0
—6,154
-5,975
—5,781
—5,572
—5,349
—5,111
—4,859
-4,593
—4,313
—4,021
—3,715
—3,396
—3,065
—2,722
—2,367
—2,000
—1,622
— 1,232
—0,832
—0,421
0
0
0,431
0,872
1,323
1,783
2,253
2,729
3,2*5
3^709
4,211
4,721
1
—5,993
—5,801
—5,594
—5,372
-5,135
—4,885
—4,620
—4,342
—4,051
—3,746
—3,429
—3,099
—2,757
—2,403
—2,037
—1,660
—1,272
—0,873
-0,463
-0,043
0,043
0,475
0,917
1,368
1,829
2,299
2,777
3,264
3,759
4,262
2
—6,012
—5,821
—5,615
-5,394
—5,159
—4,910
—4,647
—4,370
—4,080
—3,777
—3,461
—3,133
—2,792
-2,439
—2,074
—1,698
—1,311
—0,913
-0,504
-0,085
0,085
0,519
0,962
1,414
1,876
2,346
2,826
3,313
.3,809
4,312
медь-копелевой термопары
для
диапазона температур
Термоэлектродвижущая сила
1
3
1
—6,030
—5,841
—5,636
—5,417
—5,184
—4,936
—4,674
—4,399
—4,110
—3,808
—3,493
—3,166
—2,826
-2,475
—2,111
—1,736
—1,350
—0,953
—0,546
— 1,127
0,128
0,563
1,006
1,460
1,922
2,394
2,874
3,362
3,859
4,363
4
—6,048
—5,860
—5,657
—5,440
—5,208
—4,961
—4,701
—4,427
—4,139
—3,839
—3,525
—3,199
—2,861
—2,510
—2,148
—1,774
—1,389
—0,993
—0,587
-0,170
0,171
0,606
1,051
1,506
1,969
2,441
2,922
3,412
3,909
4,414
5
—6,066
—5,880
-5,678
—5,462
—5,231
—4,986
—4,728
—4,454
—4,169
—3,869
—3,557
—3,232
—2,895
—2,546
—2,185
— 1,812
—1,428
—1,034
—0,628
-0,212
0,214
0,651
1,096
1,552
2,016
2,489
2,971
3,461
3,959
4,465
мВ
6
-6,084
—5,899
—5,699
—5,484
—5,255
—5,012
—4,754
—4,483
—4,198
-3,900
—3,589
—3,266
—2,930
—2,582
—2,222
—1,850
— 1,467
-1,074
—0,669
—0,254
0,258
0,695
1,142
1,598
2,063
2,537
3,020
3,510
4,009
4,516
7
—6,102
—5,918
—5,720
—5,507
—5,279
—5,037
—4,780
—4,510
—4,227
—3,930
—3,621
—3,298
—2,964
—2,617
—2,258
—1,888
—1,506
—1,113
-0,710
-0,296
0,301
0,739
1,187
1,644
2,110
2,585
3,068
3,560
4,060
4,567
8
—6,119
—5,937
—5,740
—5,529
—5,302
—5,061
—4,807
—4,538
—4,256
—3,961
—3,652
—3,331
—2,998
—2,652
—2,295
— 1,925
— 1,545
—1,153
—0,751
-0,338
0,344
0,783
1,232
1,690
2,157
2,633
3,117
3,610
4,110
4,618
я
—6,136
—5,956
-5,761
-5,550
-5,325
-5,086
—4,833
-4,566
—4,285
—3,991
—3,684
—3,364
-3,032
-2,687
-2,331
-1,963
—1,583
—1,193
-0,791
-0,380
0,388
0,828
1,277
1,736
2,204
2,681
3,166
3,659
4,160
4,669
Температура
рабочего
конца,
"С
-20
—
10
—0
+0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ПО
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
370
380
390
400
0
—0,757
—0,383
0,000
0,000
0,391
0,789
1,196
1,611
2,035
2,467
2,908
3,357
3,813
4,277
4,749
5,227
5,712
6,204
6Л02
/7,207
7,718
8,235
8,757
9,286
9,821
10,360
10,905
11,456
12,011
12,572
13,137
13,707
14,281
14,860
15,443
16,030
16,621
17,217
17,816
18,420
19,027
19,638
20,252
20,869
1
—0,794
—0,421
-0,039
0,039
0,431
0,830
1,237
1,653
2,078
2,511
2,953
3,402
3,859
4,324
4,797
5,275
5,761
6,254
6,752
7,258
7,769
8,287
8,810
9,339
9,875
10,414
10,960
11,511
12,067
12,628
13,194
13,764
14,339
14,918
15,502
16,089
16,681
17,277
17,876
18,481
19,088
19,699
20,314
2
—0,830
—0,458
—0,077
0,078
0,470
0,870
1,279
1,695
2,121
2,555
2,997
3,448
3,905
4,371
4,844
5,324
5,810
6,303
6,803
7,309
' 7,821
8,339
8,863
9,393
9,929
10,469
11,015
11,567
12,123
12,685
13,251
13,821
14,397
14,976
15,560
16,148
16,740
17,337
17,-937
18,541
19,149
19,761
20,375
Термоэлектродвижущая
сила, мВ
3
—0,867
—0,496
—0,116
0,117
0,510
0,911
1,320
1,738
2,164
2,599
3,042
3,493
3,952
4,418
4,892
5,372
5,859
6,353
6,853
7,360
7,872
8,391
8,915
9,447
9,982
10,523
11,070
11,622
12,179
12,741
13,307
13,879
14,454
15,035
15,619
16,207
16,800
17,396
17,997
18,602
19,210
19,822
20,437
4
—0,903
—0,533
—0,154
0,156
0,549
0,951
1,362
1,780
2,207
2,643
3,086
3,539
3,998
4,465
4,939
5,421
5,908
6,402
6,904
7,411
7,924
8,443
8,968
9,500
10,036
10,578
11,125
11,678
12,235
12,798
13,364
13,936
14,512
15,093
15,677
16,266
16,859
17,456
18,058
18,662
!
19,271
19,884
20,498
5
—0,940
-0,571
—0,193
0,195
0,589
0,992
1,403
1,822
2,250
2,687
3,131
3,584
4,044
4,512
4,987
5,469
5,957
6,452
6,954
7,462
7,975
8,495
9,021
9,553
10,090
10,632
11,180
11,733
12,291
12,854
13,421
13,993
14,570
15,151
15,736
16,325
16,919
17,516
18,118
18,723
19,332
19,945
20,560
6
—0,976
—0,608
—0,231
0,234
0,629
1,033
1,445
1,865
2,293
2,731
3,176
3,630
4,091
4,559
5,035
5,518
6,006
6,502
7,005
7,513
8,027
8,547
9,074
9,607
10,144
10,687
11,235
11,789
12,347
12,911
13,478
14,051
14,628
15,209
15,795
16,384
16,979
17,576
18,178
18,784
19,393
20,006
20,622
Продолжение
7
—1,012
—0,645
—0,269
0,273
0,669
1,074
1,486
1,907
2,337
2,775
3,221
3,676
4,137
4,607
5,083
5,566
6,056
6,552
7,055
7,564
8,079
8,600
9,127
9,660
10,198
10,741
11,290
11,844
12,403
12,967
13,535
14,108
14,686
15,268
15,854
16,443
17,038
17,636
18,239
18,845
19,454
20,068
20,684
8
—
1,049
—0,683
—0,307
0,313
0,709
1,114
1,528
1,950
2,380
2,820
3,267
3,721
4,184
4,654
5,131
5,615
6,105
6,602
7,106
7,616
8,131
8,652
9,180
9,714
10,252
10,796
11,346
11,900
12,460
13,024
13.593
14,166
14,744
15,326
15,912
16,503
17,098
17,696
18,299
18,905
19,516
20,129
20,745
табл.
П.7
9
—
1,085
—0,720
-0,345
0,352
0,749
1,155
1,569
1,992
2,424
2,864
3,312
3,767
4,230
4,702
5,179
5,663
6,155
6,652
7,156
7,667
8,183
8,705
9,233
9,767
10,306
10,850
11,401
11,955
12,516
13,080
13,650
14,223
14,802
15,385
15,971
16,562
17,157
17,756
18,360
18,996
19,577
20,191
20,807
Таблица
П.8
Градуировочная характеристика железо
—
медноникелевой
термопары, тип
температур —200-+ 900°
Температура
рабочего конца
°С
—200
—190
—180
—170
—160
—150
— 140
—130
— 120
-ПО
—100
—90
-80
-70
—60
-50
—40
-30
-20
-10
—0
+0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ПО
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
0
—7,890
—7,659
—7,402
—7,122
—6,821
—6,499
-6,159
—5,801
—5,426
—5,036
-4,632
—4,215
-3,785
—3,344
—2,892
—2,431
—1,960
—1,481
—0,995
—0,501
0,000
0,000
0,507
1,019
1,536
2,058
/2,585
/ 3,115
3,649
4,186
4,725
5,268
5,812
6,359
6,907
7,457
8,008
8,560
9,113
9,667
10,222
10,777
11,332
11,887
12,442
12,998
13,553
14,108
14,663
15,217
15,771
16,325
16,879
17,432
17,984
18,537
19,089
С (по СТ СЭВ
1059-78)
1
—7,683
—7,428
—7,151
—6,852
—6,532
—6,193
—5,837
—5,464
—5,075
—4,673
—4,257
—3,828
—3,388
—2,938
—2,477
—2,007
—1,529
—1,044
—0,550
—0,050
0,051
0,558
1,071
1,588
2,111
2,638
3,168
3,703
4,240
4,779
5,322
5,867
6,414
6,962
7,512
8,063
8,615
9,168
9,722
10,277
10,832
11,387
11,942
12,498
13,053
13,608
14,163
14,718
15,272
15,826
16,380
16,934
17,487
18,039
18,592
19,144
2
—7,707
—7,454
—7,179
—6,882
—6,565
—6,228
—5,873
—5,502
—5,115
—4,714
—4,299
—3,871
—3,433
—2,983
—2,524
—2,055
—1,577
—1,093
—0,600
—0,100
0,101
0,609
1,122
1,640
2,163
2,691
3,221,
3,756
4,294
4,833
5,377
5,921
6,469
7,017
7,567
8,118
8,671
9,224
9,778
10,333
10,888
11,443
11,998
12,553
13,109
13,664
14,219
14,774
15,328
15,882
16,436
16,989
17,542
18,094
18,647
19,199
Термоэлектродв
3
—7,730
—7,481
—7,208
—6,913
—6,597
—6,262
—5,910
—5,539
—5,154
—4,754
—4,341
—3,915
—3,477
—3,029
—2,570
— 1,102
—1,626
—1,141
—0,649
-0,151
0,052
0,660
1,174
1,693
2,216
2,743
3,275
3,810
4,347
4,888
5,431
5,976
6,523
7,072
7,622
8,174
8,726
9,279
9,833
10,388
10,943
11,498
12,054
12,609
13,164
13,719
14,274
14,829
15,383
15,937
16,491
17,045*
17,598
18,150
18,703
19,254
4
—7,754
—7,507
—7,236
—6,943
—6,630
—6,297
—5,946
—5,577
—5,194
—4,795
—4,383
—3,958
—3,522
-3,074
—2,617
—2,150
—1,674
—1,190
—0,699
—0,201
0,202
0,711
1,225
1,745
2,268
2,796
3,328
3,863
4,401
4,942
5,486
6,030
6,578
7,127
7,677
8,229
8,782
9,335
9,889
10,444
10,998
11,554
12,109
12,664
13,220
13,775
14,330
14,885
15,439
15,993
16,547
17,100
17,653
18,205
18,758
19,309
ижущая
сила,
мВ
1 *
—7,778
—7,533
—7,265
—6,974
-6,663
-6,331
—5,982
-5,615
—5,233
—4,836
—4,425
—4,001
—3,566
—3,120
—2,663
—2,197
—1,722
-1,239
—0,748
—0,251
.
0,253
0,762
1,277
1,797
2,321
2,849
3,381
3,917
4,455
4,996
5,540
6,085
6,633
7,182
7,732
8,284
8,837
9,390
9,944
10,499
11,054
11,609
12,165
12,720
13,275
13,830
14,385
14,940
15,494
16,048
16,602
17,155
17,708
18,260
18,813
19,364
6
—7,801
—7,558
-7,292
—7,004
—6,695
—6,365
—6,017
—5,652
—5,272
—4,876
—4,466
—4,044
—3,610
—3,165
—2,709
—2,244
-1,770
—1,287
—0,797
—0,301
0,304
0,813
1,329
1,849
2,374
2,902
3,435
3,971
4,509
5,050
5,594
6,140
6,688
7,237
7,787
8,339
8,892
9,445
10,000
10,555
11,110
11,665
12,220
12,776
13,331
13,886
14,441
14,995
15,549
16,103
16,657
17,210
17,763
18,315
18,868
19,419
7
—7,823
—7,583
—7,320
—7,033
—6,726
—6,398
-6,053
—5,689
—5,310
—4,916
—4,508
—4,087
—3,654
—3,210
—2,755
—2,291
—1,817
— 1,336
—0,847
—0,351
0,355
0,865
1,381
1,901
2,427
2,955
3,488
4,025
4,563
5,105
5,649
6,195
6,743
7,292
7,842
8,394
8,947
9,501
10,055
10,610
11,165
11,720
12,276
12,831
13,386
13,941
14,496
15,015
15,605
16,159
16,713
17,266
17,818
18,371
18,923
19,474
J, в
диапазоне
8
—7,845
—7,609
—7,347
—7,063
—6,758
—6,432
—6,088
—5,723
—5,349
—4,956
—4,549
—4,129
—3,697
—3,254
—2,800
—2,337
—1,865
—1,384
—0,896
—0,401
0,405
0,916
1,432
1,954
2,479
3,009
3,542
4,078
4,617
5,159
5,703
6,249
6,797
7,347
7,898
8,450
9,003
9,556
10,110
10,666
11,221
11,776
12,331
12,887
13,442
13,997
14,552
15,106
15,660
16,214
16,768
17,321
17,874
18,426
18,979
19,530
9
—7,868
—7,634
—7,375
—7,092
-6,789
—6,465
—6,124
—5,764
—5,387
—4,996
—4,591
—4,172
—3,741
—3,299
—2,846
—2,384
—1,912
—1,433
—0,946
—0,451
0,456
0,968
1,484
2,006
2,532
3,062
3,595
4,132
4,671
5,214
5,758
6,304
6,852
7,402
7,953
8,505
9,058
9,612
10,166
10,721
11,276
11,831
12,387
12,942
13,497
14,052
14,607
15,162
15,716
16,270
16,824
17,377
17,929
18,482
19,034
19,585
р
J
J
Температура
абочего
конца,
°С
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
1
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750
760
770
780
790
800
810
820
830
840
850
860
870
880
890
900
0
19,640
20,192
20,743
21,295
21,846
22,397
22,949
23,501
24,054
24,607
25,161
25,716
26,272
26,829
27,388
27,949
28,511
29,075
29,642
30,210
30,782
31,356
31,933
32,513
33,096
33,683
ч
34.273
34,867
35,464
36,066
36,671
37,280
37,893
38,5!0
39,130
39,754
40,382
41,013
41,647
42,283
42,922
43,563
44,207
44,852
45,498
46,144
46,789
47,434
48,076
48,716
49,354
49,989
50,621
51,249
51,875
1
19,695
20,247
20,798
21,350
21,901
22,452
23,004
23,556
24,109
24,662
25,216
25,772
26,328
26,885
27,444
28,005
28,567
29,132
29,699
30,267
30,839
31,414
31,991
32,571
33,155
33,742
34,332
1
34,927
35,524
36,126
36,732
37,341
37,955
38,572
39,192
39,817
40,445
41,076
41,711
42,347
42,986
43,627
44,271
44,917
45,563
46,209
46,854
47,498
48,140
48,780
49,419
50,052
50,684
51,312
•2
19,750
20,302
20,853
21,405
21,956
22,507
23,059
23,611
24,164
24,718
25,272
25,827
26,384
26,941
27,500
28,061
28,624
29,188
29,756
30,324
30,896
31,471
32,049
32,629
33,213
33,801
34,391
1
34,986
35,584
36,187
36,793
37,402
38,016
38,634
39,255
39,880
40,508
41,139
41,774
42,411
43,050
43,692
44,336
44,981
45,627
46,273
46,918
47,562
48,204
48,844
49,484
50,115
50,747
51,374
ТермоэлектродвР
3
•
19,806
20,357
20,909
21,460
22,012
22,563
23,115
23,667
24,220
24,773
25,327
25,883
26,439
26,997
27,556
28,118
28,680
29,245
29,812
30,382
30,954
31,529
32,106
32,688
33,272
33,859
34,451
1
!
35,046'
35,644
36,247
36,853
37,464
38,078
38,695
39,317
39,942
40,571
41,203
41,838
42,474
43,114
43,756
44,400
45,046
45,692
46,338
46,983
47,627
48,269
48,908
49,548,
50,179
50,810
51,437
4
19,861
20,412
20,964
21,515
22,067
22,618
23,170
23,722
24,275
24,829
25,383
25,938
26,495
27,053
27,612
28,174
28,734
29,301
29,869
30,439
31,011
31,586
32,164
32,746
33,330
33,918
34,510
1
35,105
35,704
36,308
36,914
37,525
38,139
38,757
39,380
40,005
40,634
41,266
41,901
42,538
43,178
43,82!
44,465
45,110
45,756
46,402
47,047
47,691
48,333
48,972
49,613
50,242
50,873
51,499
жущая
сила, мВ
5
19,916
20,467
21,019
21,570
22,122
22,673
23,225
23,777
24,330
24,884
25,438
25,994
26,551
27,109
27,668
28,230
28,793
29,358
29,926
30,496
31,068
31,644
32,222
32,804
33,389
33,977
34,569
35,165
35,764
36,368
36,975
37,586
38,201
38,819
39,442
40,068
40,697
41,329
41,965
42,602
43,242
43,885
44,529
45,175
45,821
46,467
47,112
47,755
48,397
49,036
49,678
50,305
50,936
51,562
1
6
19,971
20,522
21,074
21,625
22,177
22,728
23,280
23,832
24,385
24,939
25,494
26,050
26,607
27,165
27,724
28,286
28,849
29,415
29,983
30,553
31,126
31,702
32,280
32,862
33,448
34,036
34,629
1
35,225
35,824
36,429
37,036
37,647
38,263
38,881
39,504
40,131
40,760
41,393
42,029
42,666
43,306
43,949
44,594
45,240
45,886
46,531
47,176
47,819
48,461
49,100
49,740
50,368
50,999
51,625
Прс
7
20,026
20,577
21,129
21,680
22,232
22,783
23,335
23,888
24,441
24,995
25,549
26,105
26,662
27,220
27,780
28,342
28,906
29,472
30,040
30,610
31,183
31,760
32,338
32,921
33,507
34,095
34,688
|
35,285
35,885
36,489
37,097
37,709
38,325
38,943
39,567
40,194
40,823
41,456
42,092
42,730
43,370
i
44,014
44,658
45,304
45,950
46,596
47,241
47,883
48,525
49,163
49,802
50,431
51,061
51,687
должвние
8
20,082
20,633
21,185
21,736
22,287
22,839
23,391
23,943
24,496
25,050
25,605
26,161
26,718
27,276
27,837
28,399
28,962
29,528
30,096
30,668
31,241
31,817
32,397
32,979
33,565
34,155
34,748
1
35,344
35,945
36,550
37,158
37,770
38,386
39,006
39,629
40,256
40,887
41,520
42,156
42,794
43,435
44,078
44,723
45,369
46,015
46,660
47,305
47,948
48,588
49,227
49,865
50,495
51,124
51,750
табл.
П.8
9
20,137
20,688
21,240
21,791
22,342
22,894
23,446
23,999
24,552
25,106
25,660
26,216
26,773
27,332
27,893
28,455
29,019
29,585
30,153
30,725
31,298
31,875
32,455
33,038
33,624
34,214
34,807
35,404
36,006
36,610
37,219
37,832
38,448
39,068
39,692
40,319
40,950
41,583
42,219
42,859
43,499
44,143
44,787
45,433
46,079
46,724
47,370
48,012
48,652
49,290
49,927
50,558
51,186
51,812
Т
а о л и ц
а
П.9.
Градуировочная характеристика хромель—копелевой термопары
в
^
+
800°С
(по СТ СЭВ
1059-78)
Температура
ра-
бочего
конца,
С
С
-50
-40
-30
-20
— 10
—0
-|0
20
30
40
50
60
70
^_
80
90
100
ПО
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
350
360
0
—з.по
—2,500
—1,890
—1,270
—0,640
—0,000
0,000
0,646
1,303
1,976
2,658
3,350
4,050
4,760
~~~
5,469
6,179
6,898
7,627
8,366
9,115
9,865
10,624
11,393
12,172
12,961
13,760
14,570
15,380
16,200
17,030
17,860
17,690
19,520
20,360
21,200
22,040
22,880
23,720
24,560
25,410
26,270
27,130
28,000
*
1
—2,561
—1,951
—1,336
—0,703
—0,064
0,064
0,711
1,370
2,044
2,727
3,420
4,121
4,831
5,540
6,250
6,970
7,700
8,440
9,190
9,940
10,700
11,470
12,250
13,040
13,841
14,651
15,462
16,283
17,113
17,943
18,773
19,604
20,444
21,284
22,124
22,964
23,804
24,645
25,496
26,356
27,217
28,087
*
—2,622
—2,012
—1,394
—0,766
—0,128
0,128
0,776
1,437
2,112
2,796
3,490
4,192
4,902
5,611
6,322
7,043
7,774
8,515
9,265
10,016
10,777
11,548
12,329
13,120
13,922
14,732
15,544
16,366
17,196
18,026
18,856
19,688
20,528
21,368
22,208
23,048
23,888
24,730
25,582
26,442
27,304
28,174
Термоэлектродвижущая
сила,
мВ
о
—2,683
—2,073
—
1,456
—0,829
-0,192
0,192
0,841
1,504
2,180
2,865
3,560
4,263
4,973
5,682
6,394
7,116
7,848
8,590
9,340
10,092
10,854
11,626
12,408
13,200
14,003
14,813
15,626
16,449
17,279
18,109
18,939
19,772
20,612
21,452
22,292
23,132
23,972
24,815
25,668
26,528
27,391
28,261
<
—2,744
—2,134
—
1,518
-0,892
—0,256
0,256
0,907
1,571
2,248
2,934
3,630
4,334
5,044
5,753
6,466
7,189
7,922
8,665
9,415
10,168
10,931
11,704
12,487
13,280
14,084
14,894
15,708
16,532
17,362
18,192
19,022
19,856
20,696
21,536
22,376
23,216
24,056
24,900
25,754
26,614
27,478
28,348
5
—2,805
—2,195
—
1,580
—0,955
—0,320
0,321
0.973
1,638
2,316
3,003
3,700
4,405
5,115
5,824
6,538
7,262
7,996
8,740
9,490
10,244
11,008
11,782
12,566
13,360
14,165
14,975
15,790
16,615
17,445
18,275
19,105
19,940
20,780
21,620
22,460
23,300
24,140
24,985
25,840
26,700
27,565
28,435
1
«
—2,866
—2,256
—
1,642
—
1,018
—0,384
0,386
1,039
1,705
2,384
3,072
3,770
4,476
5,186
5,895
6,610
7,335
8,070
8,815
9,565
10,320
11,085
11,860
12,645
13,440
14,246
15,056
15,872
16,698
-
17,528
18,358
19,188
20,024
20,864
21,764
22,544
23,384
24,224
25,070
25,926
26,786
27,652
28,522
диапазоне температур
—50
•
7
—2,927
—2,317
—
1,704
—1,081
—0,448
0,451
1,105
1,772
2,452
3,141
3,840
4,547
5,257
5,966
6,682
7,408
8,144
8,890
9,640
10,396
11,162
11,938
12,724
13,520
14,327
15,137
15,954
16,781
17,611
18,441
19,271
20,108
20,948
21,788
22,628
23,468
24,308
25,155
26,012
26,872
27,739
28,609
8
—2,988
—2,378
—
1,766
—
1,144
—0,512
0,516
1,171
1,840
2,520
3,210
3,910
4,618
5,327
6,037
6,754
7,481
8,218
8,965
9,715
10,472
11,239
12,016
12,803
13,600
14,408
15,218
16,036
16,864
17,694
18,524
19,354
20,192
21,032
21,872
22,712
23,552
24,392
25,240
26,098
26,958
27,826
28,696
9
—3,049
—2,439
—
1,828
—1,207
—0,576
0,581
1,237
1,908
2,589
3,280
3,980
4,689
5,398
6,108
6,826
7,554
8,292
9,040
9,790
10,548
11,316
12,094
12,882
13,680
14,489
15,299
16,118
16,947
17,777
18,607
19,437
20,276
21,116
21,956
22,796
23,636
24,476
25,325
26,184
27,044
27,913
28,783
Температура
рабочего
конца,
°С
370
380
390
\
400 \
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720
730
740
750
760
770
780
790
800
0
28,870
29,740
30,610
31,480
32,350
33,230
34,110
34,990
35,870
36,750
37,630
38,510
39,390
40,270
41,150
42,030
42,910
43,790
44,670
45,550
46,440
47,330
48,210
49,090
49,970
50,850
51,730
52,610
53,480
54,350
55,220
56,090
56,960
57,820
58,680
59,540
60,400
61,260
62,120
62,980
63,840
64,700
65,560
66,420
1 1
28,957
29,827
30,697
31,567
32,438
33,318
34,198
35,078
35,958
36,838
37,718
38,598
39,478
40,358
41,238
42,118
42,998
43,878
44,758
45,639
46,529
47,418
48,298
49,178
50,058
50,938
51,818
52,697
53,567
54,437
55,307
56,177
57,046
57,906
58,766
59,626
60,486
61,346
62,206
63,066
63,926
64,786
65,646
2
29,044
29,914
30,784
31,654
32,526
33,406
34,286
35,116
36,046
36,926
37,806
38,686
39,566
40,446
41,326
42,206
43,086
43,966
44,846
45,728
46,618
47,506
48,386
49,266
50,146
51,026
51,906
52,784
53,654
54,524
55,394
56,264
57,132
57,992
58,852
59,712
60,572
61,432
62,292
63,152
64,012
64,872
65,732
Термоэлектродвижущая
сила, мВ
з
29,131
30,001
30,871
31,741
32,614
33,494
34,374
35,254
36,134
37,014
37,894
38,774
39,654
40,534
41,414
42,294
43,174
44,054
44,934
45,817
46,707
47,594
48,474
49,354
50,234
51,114
51,994
52,871
53,741
54,611
55,481
56,351
57,218
58,078
58,938
59,798
60,658
61,518
62,378
63,238
64,098
64,958
65,818
4
29,218
30,088
30,958
31,828
32,702
33,582
34,462
35,342
36,222
37,102
37,982
38,862
39,742
40,622
41,502
42,382
43,262
44,142
45,022
45,906
46,796
47,682
48,562
49,442
50,322
51,202
52,082
52,958
53,828
54,698
55,598
56,438
57,304
58,164
59,024
59,884
60,744
61,604
62,464
63,324
64,184
65,044
65,904
5
29,305
30,175
31,045
31,915
32,790
33,670
34,550
35,430
36,310
37,190
38,070
38,950
39,830
40,710
41,590
42,470
43,350
44,230
45,110
45,995
46,885
47,770
48,650
49,530
50,410
51,290
52,170
53,045
53,915
54,785
55,655
56,525
57,390
58,250
59,110
59,970
60,830
61,690
62,550
63,410
64,270
65,130
65,990
6
29,392
30,262
31,132
31,002
32,878
33,758
34,638
35,518
36,398
37,278
38,158
39,038
39,918
40,798
41,678
42,558
43,438
44,318
45,198
46,084
46,974
47,858
48,738
49,618
50,498
51,378
52,258
53,132
54,002
54,872
55,742
56,612.
57,476
58,336
59,196
60,056
60,916
61,776
62,636
63,496
64,356
65,216
66,076
Продолжение
'
29,479
30,349
31,219
32,089
32,966
33,846
34,726
35,606
36,486
37,366
38,246
39,126
40,006
40,886
41,766
42,646
43,526
44,406
45,286
46,173
47,063
47,946
48,826
49,706
50,586
51,466
52,346
53,219
54,089
54,959
55,829
56,699
57,562
58,422
59,282
60,142
61,002
61,862
62,722
63,582
64,442
65,302
66,162
»
29,566
30,436
31,306
32,176
33,054
33,934
34,814
35,694
36,574
37,454
38,334
39,214
40,094
40,974
41,854
42,734
43,614
44,494
45,374
46,262
47,152
48,034
48,914
49,794
50,674
51,554
52,434
53,306
54,176
55,046
55,916
56,786
57,648
58,508
59,368
60,228
61,088
61,948
62,808
63,668
64,528
65,388
66,248
табл.
11.9
9
29,656
30,523
31,393
32,263
33,142
34,022
34,902
35,782
36,662
37,542
38,422
39,302
40,128
41,062
41,942
42,822
43,702
44,582
45,462
46,351
47,241
48,122
49,002
49,882
50,762
51,642
52,522
53,393
54,263
55,133
56,003
56,873
57,734
58,594
59,454
60,314
61,174
62,034
62,894
63,754
64,614
65,474
66,334
Таблица
П.10.
Градуировочная
температур —100-f-^900
°
Температура
рабочего
конца,
е
С
—200
—190
—180
—170
—160
—150
—140
—130
—120
— ПО
—100
—90
—80
—70
—60
—50
—40
—30
—20
—10
—0
+0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
ПО
120
130
140
150
160
170
180
190
200
210
220
230
240
250
260
270
280
290
300
310
320
330
340
0
—8,824
—8,561
—8,273
—7,963
—7,631
—7,279
—6,907
—6,516
—6,107
—5,680
—5,237
.-4,777
—4,301
—3,81!
—3,306
—2,787
—2,254
— 1,709
—1,151
—0,581
0,000
0,000
0,591
1,192
1,801
2,419
3,047
3,683
4,329
4,983
5,646
6,317
6,996
7,683
8,377
9,078
9,787
10,501
11,222
11,949
12,681
13,419
14,161
14,909
15,661
16,417
17,178
17,942
18,710
19,48!
20,256
21,033
21,814
22,597
23,383
24,171
характеристика
никельхром—
С (по СТ СЭВ 1059-'
1
—8,589
—8,302
—7,995
—7,665
—7,315
—6,945
—6,556
—6,148
—5,723
—5,282
—4,823
—4,349
—3,860
—3,357
—2,839
—2,308
— 1,764
— 1,207
—0,638
—0,058
0,059
0,651
1,253
1,863
.2,482
3,110
3,747
4,394
5,049
5,713
6,385
7,065
7,752
8,447
9,149
9,858
10,573
11,295
12,022
'12,755
13,493
14,236
14,984
15,736
16,493
17,254
18,019
18,787
19,558
20,334
21,111
21,892
22,675
23,462
24,250
2
—8,617
—8,332
—8,026
—7,699
—7,351
—6,982
-6,595
—6,190
—5,766
—5,326
—4,870
—4,397
—3,910
—3,408
—2,891
—2,361
—1,819
—1,263
—0,696
—0,117
0,118
0,711
1,313
1,924
2,544
3,174
3,812
4,459
5,115
5,780
,
6,453
7,133
7,821
8,517
9,220
9,929
10,645
11,367
12,095
12,828
13,567
14,310
15,059
15,812
16,569
17,330
18,095
.
18,864
19,636
20,411
21,189
21,970
22,754
23,541
24,329
78)
Терм
3
—8,644
—8,361
—8,058
—7,732
—7,386
—7,020
—6,635
—6,231
—5,810
—5,371
—4,916
—4,445
—3,959
—3,458
—2,944
—2,415
— 1,873
—1,320
—0,753
—0,175
0,177
0,770
1,374
1,986
2,607
3,237
3,876
4,525
5,182*
5,847
6,520
7,202
7,891
8,587
9,290
!0,001
10,717
11,440
12,168
12,902
13,641
14,385
15,154
15,887
16,645
17,407
18,172
18,941
19,713
20,489
21,267
22,049
22,832
23,619
24,408
медноникелевой
термопары, тип Е, в
оэлектродв!йкущая
сила,
мВ
*
—8,670
—8,391
—8,089
—7,766
—7,422
—7,057
—6,674
—6,273
—5,853
—5,415
—4,963
—4,493
—4,009
—3,509
—2,996
—2,468
— 1,928
— 1,376
—0,811
—0,234
0,236
0,830
1,434
2,047
2,669
3,301
3,941
4,590
5,248
5,914
6,588
7,270
7,960
8,657
9,361
10,072
10,789
11,512
12,241
12,975
13,715
14,459
15,209
15,963
16,721
17,483
18,248
19,018
19,791
20,566
21,345
22,127
22,911
23,698
23,487
*
—8,696
—8,420
—8,121
—7,800
—7,458
—7,095
—6,714
—6,314
—5,896
—5,460
—5,009
—4,541
—4,058
—3,560
—3,048
—2,522
—1,983
— 1,432
—0,868
—0,292
0,295
0,890
1,495
2,109
2,732
3,364
4,005
4,655
5,314
5,981
6,656
7,339
8,029
8,727
9,432
10,143
10,861
11,585
12,3 4
13,049
13,789
14,534
15,284
16,038
16,797
17,559
18,325
19,095
19,868
20,644
21,423
22,205
22,989
23,777
24,566
6
—8,722
—8,448
—8,151
—7,833
—7,493
—7,132
—6,753
-6,354
—5,938
—5,504
—5,055
—4,588
—4,107
—3,610
—3,100
—2,575
—2,037
—1,487
—0,925
—0,350
0,354
0,950
1,556
2,171
2,795
3,428
'4,070
4,721
5,380
6,048
6,724
7,408
8,099
8,797
9,503
10,215
10,933
11,658
12,387
13,123
13,863
14,609
15,359
16,114
16,873
17,636
18,402
19,172
19,946
20,722
21,501
22,283
23,068
23,856
24,645
7
—8,747
—8,476
—8,182
—7,865
—7,527
—7,169
—6,791
—6,395
—5,980
—5,548
—5,100
—4,635
—4,155
—3,660
—3,151
—2,628
—2,091
— 1,543
—0,981
—0,408
0,413
1,011
1,617
2,233
2,858
3,492
4,135
4,786
5,447
6,115
6,792
7,477
8,168
8,867
9,574
10,286
И, 005
11,731
12,461
13,197
13,938
14,684
15,435
16,190
16,949
17,712
18,479
19,249
20,023
20,800
21,579
22,362
23,147
23,935
24,724
8
—8,773
—8,505
—8,212
—7,898
—7,562
—7,205
—6,830
—6,435
—6,023
—5,592
—5,146
—4,683
—4,204
—3,711
—3,203
—2,681
—2,146
— 1,598
—1,038
—0,465
0,473
1,071
1,679
.
2,295
2,921
3,555
4,199
4,852
5,513
6,183
6,860
7,545
8,238
8,938
-
9,645
10,358
11,07.8
11,803
12,534
13,271
14,012
14,759
15,510
16,265
17,026
17,789
18,556
19,327
20,101
20,877
21,658
22,440
23,225
24,013
24,803
диапазоне
9
—8,799
—8,533
—8,243
—7,930
—7,596
—7,242
—6,868
—6,476
—6,065
—5,636
—5,191
—4,730
—4,252
—3,761
—3,254
—2,734
—2,200
— 1,654
— 1,094
—0,523
0,532
1,132
1,740
2,357
2,984
3,619
4,264
4,917
5,580
6,250
6,928
7,614
8,307
9,008
9,716
10,429
11,150
11,876
12,608
13,345
14,087
14,834
15,586
16,341
17,102
17,865
18,633
19,404
20,178
20,955
21,736
22,519
23,304
24,092
24,882
Температура
рабочего
конца,
°С
350
360
370
380
390
400
410
420
430
440
450
460
470
480
490
500
510
520
530
540
550
560
570
580
590
600
610
620
630
640
650
660
670
680
690
700
710
720*
730
740
750
760
770
780
790
800
810
820
830
840
850
860
870
880
890
900
0
24,961
25,754
26,549
27,345
28,143
28,943
29,744
30,546
31,350
32,155
32,960
33,767
34,574
35,382
36,190
36,999
37,808
38,617
39,426
40,235
41,045
41,853
42,662
43,470
44,278
45,085
45,891
46,697
47,502
48,306
49,109
49,911
50,713
51,513
52,312
52,110
53,907
54,703
55,497
56,291
57,083
57,873
58,663
59,451
60,237
61,022
61,806
62,588
63,368
64,147
64,924
65,699
66,473
67,245
68,015
68,783
'
25,040
25,833
26,629
27,425
28,223
29,023
29,824
30,626
31,430
32,235
33,041
33,848
34,655
35,463
36,271
37,080
37,889
38,698
39,507
40,316
41,126
41,934
42,743
43,551
44,359
45,166
45,972
46,777
47,582
48,386
49,189
49,991
50,793
51,593
52,392
53,190
53,987
54,782
55,576
56,370
57,162
57,952
58,742
59,530
60,316
"61,100
61,884
62,666
63,446
64,225
65,002
65,776
66,550
67,322
68,092
*
25,119
25,913
26,708
27,505
28,303
29,103
29,904
30,707
31,511
32,316
33,122
33,928
34,736
35,544
36,352
37,161
37,970
38,779
39,588
40,397
41,207
42,015
42,824
43,632
44,439
45,246
46,052
46,858
47,663
48,467
49,269
50,071
50,873
51,673
52,472
53,270
54,066
54,862
55,656
56 ,'449
57,241
58,031
58,821
59,608
60,394
61,179
61,962
.
62,744
63,524
64,303
65,079
65,854
66,627
67,399
68,169
Термоэлектродвижущая
сил;
3
25,199
25,992
26,788
27,584
28,383
29,183
29,985
30,787
31,591
32,396
33,202'
34,009
34,817
35,624
36,433
37,241
38,051
38,860
39,669
40,478
41,287
42,096
42,904
43,712
44,520
45,327
46,133
46,938
47,743
48,547
49,350
50,152
50,953
51,753
52,551
53,349
54,146
54,941
55,735
56,529
57,320
58,110
58,899
59,687
60,473
61,257
62,041
62,822
63,602
64,380
.
65,157
65,931
66,705
67,476
68,245
4
25,278
26,072
26,867
27,664
28,463
29,263
30,065
30,868
31,672
32,477
33,283
34,089
34,898
35,705
36,514
37,322
38,132
38,941
39,750
40,559
41,368
42,1.77
42,985
43,793
44,600
45,407
.46,213
47,019
47,824
48,628
49,430
50,232
51,033
5!,833
52,631
53,429
54,225
55,021
55,815
56,608
57,399
58,189
58,978
59,765
60,551
61,336
62,119
62,900
63,680
64,458
65,234
66,009
66,782
67,553
68,322
5
25,357
26,151
26,947
27,744
28,543
29,343
30,145
30,948
31,752
32,557
33,364
34,170
34,978
35,786
36,595
37,403
38,213
39,022
39,831
40,640
41,449
42,258
43,066
43,874
44,681
45,488
46,294
47,099
47,904
48,708
49,510
50,312
51,113
51,913
52,711
53,509
54,305
55,100
55,894
56,687
57,478
58,268
59,057
59,844
60,630
61,414
62,197
62,978
63,758
64,536
65,312
66,086
66,859
67,630
68,399
, мВ
6
25,436
26,231
27,027
27,824
28,623
29,423
30,225
31,028
31,833
32,638
33,445
34,251
35,059
35,867
36,676
37,484
38,294
39,103
39,912
40,721
41,530
42,339
43,147
43,955
44,762
45,569
46,375
47,180
47,984
48,788
49,590
50,392
51,193
51,993
52,791
53,589
54,385
55,179"
55,973
56,766
57,557
58,347
59,136
59,923
60,708
61,492
62,275
63,056
63,836
64,614
65,389
66,163
66,936
67,707
68,476
Прод
7
25,516
26,310
27,106
27,904
28,703
29,503
30,305
31,109
31,913
32,718
33,525
34,332
35,140
35,948
36,757
37,565
38,375
39,184
39,993
40,802
41,611
42,420
43,228
44,036
44,843
45,649
46,455
47,260
48,065
48,868
49,670
50,472
51,273
52,073
52,871
53,668
54,464
55,259
56,053
56,845
57,636
.58,426
59,215
60,001
60,787
61,571
62,353
63,134
63,914
64,691
65,467
66,241
67,013
67,784
68,553
олжение
табл. П.10
1
8
25,595
26,390
27,186
27,983
28,783
29,584
30,386
31,189
31,994
32,799
33,606
34,412
35,220
36,028
36,837
37,646
38,455
39,264
40,073
40,883
41,691
42,500
43,308
44,116
44,923
45,730
46,536
47,341
48,145
48,949
49,751
50,553
51,353
52,152
52,950
53,748
54,544
55,338
56,132
56,925
57,715
58,505
59,293
60,080
60,865
61,649
62,432
63,212
63,991
64,769
65,544
66,318
67,09!
67,861
68,629
9
25,675
26,469
27,265
28,063
•28,863
29,664
30,466
-31,270
32,074
32,079
33,686"
34,493
35,301
36,109
36,918
37,727
38,536
39,345
40,154
40,964
41,772
42,581
43,389
44,197
45,004
45,810
46,616
47,421
48,226
49,029
49,831
50,633
51,433
52,232
53,030
53,827
54,623
55,418
56,212
57,004
57,794
58,584
59,372
60,158
60,944
•
61,728
62,510
63,290
64,069
64,846
65,622
66,396
67,168
67,938
68,706