I(OTOparr
YcTailaBflilBaeTcfl
ilo
yc,noBtfto
l'1
1
-==
COllSt.
Ha pnc.
8.19 nytrri'nrpoNt
not(il3zlrro
IIC('KO,ltrtio
til)iltltrtx
,rut
il
ni
,.-
con.st,
co-
o'f8e'r'c'l'BVtol.utrx
pa3JIHril.tbtrvl
3ltaqet{Ltfl
M
rrurtropa.
,llrcelonblTilo
oTMeTHTb,
r{TO
r{a
3TI.tX
t{pilBbrx
Mat(ctti\,1yI,tbr
/?i
p^..
flex{aT
rJa
cpaBHHTe/rbHo
He6OJrbtulrx
3Haqe.
nilflx
_
gJr(pr,rrr.rR fl6.
HanpHMep,
npH
t'ti
,-=,
160
o6lvnn
tti
porr,
,^*"
coorBercT-
Byer
o0
-.:
30
un,t,
T.
e.
orKpbrrHto,
co-
craB,rqrcuIeMy
npHl{epHo
70
0/o
noJrHofo
orKpbrrHfi,
flpu
erou KosQsHrtHeHr
pa3-
foHa
3ilaqHTeJrbtro
cHt.ixaeTcfl
(e
4aHHovt
cflylrac
ftpau.
:
303/150
:
2,02),
8.8.
OCEBbIE
HAFPY3KH
PASOqETO
KOJIECA
TYPEHHbI
Oceshre
Harp\'3tc,r
paOouero
KoJreca,
Bocnpu-
tllll\lael\fbte
nOjlIlflTHilKOt\t
afpefaTa,
qJIafaIOTCfl
H3
6$.€;Blillsi${ofif.rl@nq$
Ia
B"rreH t.t
fl Lr a
ffiSHl,fl,tl.y,i:U;',pr,Spry,
*tl#lik.Hffin$ffifl
pilI,W6$l.0,t.t
3
Qw6fiEgWmg,ffi[O11ffi
p
I
11
-
po.'lrIIIa\{rI'Ir\ct(ot.()
Hffid
ffi
.}He.,.*fp
.[f#l,BF$te
a,@,
ffig#noc.tcrr|ero.
@mtffi1 .
Wltffi&
rvp6rrrrax
ocvuecrB"lReicn
dEFFp.
wm@,nanqeroqffi_w
ffi)'cr.pairtsatoTcfl
@ffi..F
ryffi(cpr.ffif@ffig@s
O,luaxo
B
oceBbrx
riip6nrrax
y.paBHoBecnrb
prdo.
qec
t(oreCo
u.soiMo;r,o,
n
.ui" HHx
oceBbre rHA-
po4trHai\{HriecKHe
ycHnHn
HMetor
6o.nuLuoe
3Ha-
TrrnH,rrarr
xapar(rcpr{crrrKa.o,,;;t:X;brx
fH;rpor,rrraMH,recKHx
oceBbrx y*rnuryr
pi
ocenoii
noBoporl-lo.'ronacrHofi
ryp6urrr'r
noKa3aHa
Ha
puc.
8.20
a.rrq
rpex
3yarleHui.i yr.na:
(f'
.,
--10,
0 rr
-'+-
15"
I-lc.pcc'rer
occloro
ycirr,rrr'
jr.q'
rraryproil
15,p6urrr,r
npor{3BoAHTcR
il() rl)01,)\tYJI('
Cpacnenue
m11p6un
pasnuqHoeo
auda no ux
xzpflKmepucmutta*r
133
O6uee
oceBoe
ycHJIlre,
BocnpHHrrruaeMoe noAnflTHHKoM,
6yaer paBHo
cyuue
P.,
Beca
Bpauarcu(HXcfl
,lacreft
H
orHocrTeJrbHo
He6o.nrruoir
4o6anxn,
yqnTbrBarcr{efi
AaB-
JreHHfl
B 3a3ope
r\{exAy KopnycoM H KpbrtxKoft, u
Ann
Bepr}rKanbnurx
ryp6nH rnApocTa-
rHqecKoMy 83BerxaBarou{eMy ycHJl}lo
(pa6ouee
KoJleco
norpyxeno
B BoAy).
H: xapaxrepncrHKr.r BlfAHo,,rto
Pi
yBe,rrHqHBaercfl
c
yMeHbuIeHHeM
yrna
g.
Tax,
B 3orte ontHua.ryurrorli
rr
acrorr)t
,r'l
or.,,
l'rplr orKpbt'rHlr 27
,5
uu
Ann
g
l0o P; :
:6,3
xH,
a
Ailn
tp:
*15'
Pi
-
4,0
xH.
fu,rpo.q[{uarvrnqecKafl
cocraBJrsroqar
raer
BecbMa 6onr,uyro
Harpy3r(y Ha noAnrrTHnx. HanpuMep, npw
D1:9,0
u
w
H
:25
u,
ecrr.r Pi
==
51,0
xl-I,
P.
:
5,0.9e'2r,-t:
l0 100 xlJ.
3ro
flBJrflercfl
oAHol"l Hs
oco6eH-
uocrefi oceBbrx
ryp6nn.
lffi'sBelrntreHFewn;',OceDoe:ycHJrHe,Pi
6r,rcrpo
y6urnael,:rloi,tr
npu
ni
+{;sr.:cgxpanner
,fioIOlKfiTeirurtt,tii
3naK;.f.',e.
'ilanpaBrero
no
re,reilr,ilo
(cuepxy.,lrrus)t
ltifu
:la.luHefiuerrr
jiBoEpacrqfr{u
nii
KorAa
Typ6nHa
nepexoAHr B ropMo3Hofi
pexuu:(r*lon'reHt
Ha
Bany
Me-i
fi,f,eft$rlsh)',,Pi
na[aer
AoiiH)rrc:,s
,nepexo,u.Hr
B orpKUsrenbnlKt".SoHj4&OCo6erHo;6ucrpo,
.tOSpa'CfarcT:orpHUaTe.n6Hun
SHaseHr{ff
Pi
npu 6o.nrunx
yfiax",Q'B
.npHi;Marbrx,,orl(pm:
iftiix,HanpaBfiriloqero
annapart.
3ro cosAaer;onacHocTE
fioArettra
Bpaqa.rcquxcg"qagreft
arperara
{.qpn:'6r,rclpoM
gaxpbltnn
ryp6uubr, raK
r(ar(
B..ITHX:
}cnoEHtix
,4eficrryrcqee
'buepx.:nrApoAHfiar,,|nqecxoe,oceBoe
ycHJrHe
P1
Mox€T
npeBHctrTb'',.ReB: Bpaqarcquxcfi
qacrefi..
Taxue
aBapuftHbrsr.cJryrlsy.
ua
f3C
BoBHHKaJTH,
8.9. CPABHEHHE TYPEHH PA3flHtIHOTO
BHAA
NO HX XAPAKTEPHCTHKAM
Vcflosr,ttl
pa6orbr
ryp6HH
Ha
ruApogJreKrpocrar{r{Hrrx
He[ocronHHbr.
B
saeucuMocru or npHToKa BoAbr
H Harpy3Ku
aHeprocncreMbr
B rxnpoKoM
AHana3oHe
H3MeHrrercs
MoulHocrb.
c H3MerreHHeM
ypoBHfl
BoAoxpaHH-
JIHUIa,
ypoBHn
HHxHero
6teSa
H
norepb
BBoAoBoAax
HHorAa
3HaqHTeJrbHo
H3Mel-ltlerctl
Hanop. B
censH c
3THM Ra)KHo
3Frarb, KaKoe
BJIvnHHe
oKa-
3blBalor
3TH LI3MeHeHHT
Ha
rroKa3areJrH
pa6oTr,r
Typ6HH pa3JIHrtHbtx
BHAOB I{
THNOB
X^nn
cpaBllerJHtt
cBoiicrn
pa3/'rHqrrbrx
ryp6HH
yAo6Ho
HcnoJrb3oBarb
oril oc H Te,rl
b
Fr bre x
a
p
a
KTep
lrcrH
KH,
KOTOpbre
CTpo-
flrcfl B
6e3pa3Mept{btx
KoopAnLrarax.flpu
groM
Bbr6Hpaercff
KaKofi-
JtH6o
pexHM,
o6brI{Ho
c HaH60lbur.tM
KnA,
B Kar{ecrBe
6a3HeHor.o H
Bce
Be/[rqr4rrbr
onpeAeJrflroTcfl
no or]rotuer{r.t}o
r
6aeHcsbrM
(c
HHAer(coM
0):
IorH
:
I/no;
Q
:
QlQoi
ffor"
:
NlNo.
B
srsx
yc.rroBHnx
Jr106bre xapaKrepHcruKH
pa3flHrrHbrx
ryp6HH
npo-
xoART
qepe3
o6uyto rotlKy
c KoopAHHaTaMr{
l,l, T.
e.
COBMeIIIaIOTCTI,
t{To
n03BoJrfeT
no/ryqHTb
HafJTRAHOe
npeACraeJIeHHe
06
HX
CBOfiCTBaX.
Ha
pHc.
8.21
Aar{bt
orHocHreJIbHbre pacxoAHr,re"'(a)
H
MorrlHocrHbre
(6)
xapaKTepvc'rKKH.
OHu
noKa3brBaror,
qro
pa3flHrrHbre
ryp6HHbI
no-pa3-
t,r!
.\ tt
ltttt;rtttllrt(ttr
ttKu
trt ylt6tut
g
8.e
j
I
l-t.
8
t<H
-+
xH
80
160
2q0
o6/uurr
PHc.
8.20.
Ocenslc
rrrrpo,,tl.nrar\rl.r-
trecKHe
narpy3Ktr
pa6o'rero
Ko-
,,T€cd
oc€Boti
nosoDorHo.,ro
nacrHoii
ry
p6n
H
ur
rf
l-
\_l
f-'%
,9=0'
?+-
\
\
xt
-\--
,.
-]\
x
Y-
r'.
tu
r\
Y\
I','
-.
P'lDlH '
(8.35)