Jan Svoboda. Magnetic Techniques for the Treatment of Materials

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Index

A!nity ligands, 527

Alnico, 48

Curie temperature, 48

energy product, 254

permeability, 254

resistivity, 269

Aluminium

conductor, 280

density, 280

resistivity, 280

temperature coe!cient, 281

Ampere’s law, 252, 270

Ampere-turns, 58, 271, 275

Anisotropy constant, 11

Antiferromagnetic material, 13

Antiferromagnetism, 21

canted, 31

Apparent density, 153, 156, 227, 303

Applied research, 554

Axial orientation

particle motion, 188

Axis of easy magnetization, 173, 176,

179

Barrier separator, 143

Basic research, 554

Beach sands, 498

beneﬁciation

comparison of techniques, 330

Murray Basin, 503

Namakwa Sands, 502

Richards Bay Minerals, 498

Biomagnetic separation, 525, 569

cell separation, 530

drug targeting, 531

ferroﬂuid, 527

heavy metals, 524

hyperthermia, 532

immunomagnetic separation, 530

magnetic separators, 528

malarial parasite, 533

Bohr magneton, 11

Boundary layer, 186, 194

Boxmag-Rapid magnetic separator, 418

Breakthrough technology, 551

Brute force, 4

Buoyancy force, 227

Burden

eect of, 179

weight, 176

Capture radius, 188, 202

Carrier magnetic separation, 414

Centrifugal force, 3, 6

in drum separator, 170

Chromites, 34

magnetic susceptibility, 34

Cladding, 56, 58, 278

material properties, 282

thickness, 281

Clerici solution, 154, 227

Coal

desulphurization, 508

dry magnetic separation, 509

dry OGMS, 509

enhancement of magnetic proper-

ties, 510

fractionation analysis, 546

magnetic beneﬁciation, 507

Magnex process, 510

629

630 INDEX

physical properties, 508

pyrolysis, 510

wet HGMS, 508

Coating

selective, 412

Cobber, 351

Coehn’s rule, 323

Coercive force, 18, 225, 253

intrinsic, 18, 253

of magnetite, 27

Collision e!ciency, 203

Collision probability, 203

Colloidal suspension

stability, 211, 220

Competing forces, 4

Conductor

choice, 280

Contact charging, 323

Cooling

of magnet coils, 280

Copper

conductor, 280

density, 280

resistivity, 280

temperature coe!cient, 281

Coulomb’s magnetostatic law, 263

Critical magnetic ﬁeld, 58

Critical trajectory, 188

Cross-belt magnetic separator, 86

Cryoﬁlter, 135, 504, 563

kaolin beneﬁciation, 504

throughput, 135

Curie constant, 15

Curie law, 15, 17

Curie temperature, 16, 19

Curie-Weiss law, 17

Current density, 280

surface, 261

Cut-point density, 231

in Magstream, 241, 242

Cut-point magnetic susceptibility, 336,

443

Davis Tube magnetic separator, 139

Debye-Huckel parameter, 211

Demagnetization, 21, 422

a.c. magnetic ﬁeld, 423

coil, 425

magnetic ﬁeld, 425

d.c. magnetic ﬁeld, 423

dense media, 349

particle rotation, 424

thermal, 423

Demagnetization curve, 256

Demagnetization factor, 22, 173, 178

Demagnetization quadrant, 253

Demagnetizing ﬁeld, 22

Dense media

demagnetization, 349

density, 345

ferrosilicon, 345

losses, 347

magnetic properties, 347

magnetite, 345

properties, 346

viscosity, 346, 347

Dense media separation, 342

Densimetric analysis

in magnetic ﬂuids, 546

of coal, 156, 546

Density

apparent, 153

cut-point, 231

Density increment, 235

Density tracer, 326

Diamagnetic capture, 184, 191, 195, 196,

199

Diamagnetic material, 13

Diamagnetism, 13

Diamond

recovery in magnetic ﬂuid, 545

Dielectric constant, 324

Diusion, 203

Dipole magnetic moment, 173

Dispersion, 406

DLVO theory, 211, 413

Drum magnetic separator, 78

angular velocity

critical, 168

axial, 78

design, 282

electromagnetic modelling, 289

INDEX 631

drum design, 84

drum diameter, 78, 79

drum width, 78, 79

dry

high-intensity, 79

low-intensity, 79

force index, 290

magnetic ﬁeld distribution, 284

magnetic force, 167

particle motion, 166, 169

equation, 170

pole pitch, 85, 289

radial, 78

wet

cleaner, 352

cobber, 351

concurrent, 81

counter-current, 81

counter-rotation, 81

ﬁnisher, 352

low-intensity, 81

magnet position, 344

magnetic ﬁeld strength, 353

media recovery, 342

number of poles, 353

ore concentration, 351

rougher, 352

throughput, 354

Duty cycle, 130, 131

Eddy currents, 149, 269

Eddy-current separation, 243, 537

by particle rotation, 249

Eddy-current separator, 147

design, 149

drum, 245

ﬁne particles, 151

particle rotation, 153

ramp, 243

particle trajectory, 245

repulsive force, 151

vertical, 245

E!ciency of separation

eect of magnetic ﬁeld, 365

ﬂow velocity, 397

Electric double layer, 211

Electromagnet

C-dipole, 55

design, 54

iron core, 54

solenoid, 56

U-dipole, 55

with iron core

design, 270

Electrostatic charging, 323

air humidity, 325

contact charging, 323

moisture content, 325

relaxation time, 325

size dependence, 325

triboelectriﬁcation, 323

Emu unit, 11

Energy

of magnetic interaction, 209

Energy product, 2, 47, 253

intrinsic, 253

maximum, 253

Entrainment, 4

Equation

conservation, 200

Iwasaki, 201

Laplace, 308

of particle motion

in single particle single collec-

tor, 187

rate, 200

Stokes, 6, 186

Equation

of motion, 165

solution, 188

ERM magnetic separator, 101

Exchange interaction, 16

Factor

demagnetization, 22, 173

Faraday method, 39

Faraday’s induction law, 35

Feed rate, 402

Ferric hydroxide ﬂoc

removal, 511

Ferrimagnetic material, 13

Ferrimagnetism, 21