Гумеров Ф.М., Сабирзянов А.Н., Гумерова Г.И. Суб - и сверхкритические флюиды в процессах переработки полимеров
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41
̈
-
-
;
̈
2
,
( 0,5 ÷ 1,0 %
20 ).
1.4
.
-
t, ° ,
1. 25,0 20,0
2. () 25,0 15,0
3. 2 000 000 25,0 19,0
4. (2-) 25,0 11,5
5.(
)
50 000
50 000
30,0
40,0
17,0
17,0
6.(-
)
10 000
10 000
25,0
50,0
19,0
19,0
7. 10 000
10 000
25,0
40,0
19,5
19,5
8.() 10 000 25,0 19,0
9.() 80 000 25,0 19,0
10.() 10 000 35,0 17,0
11.() 600 000 25,0 22,5
12.
()
66 162 25,0 24,0
1.4
13. 158 900 25,0 17,5
14. 500 000 25,0 17,5
15.-11 25,0 12,0
16. 10940 25,0 15,0
17. 36 000 25,0 19,0
18. 36 000 40,0 19,0
19. 25,0 17,0
20. 25,0 17,0
42
2
δ
. [48] -
2
δ
. -
-
[49]. [50] -
.
2
δ
, -
2
B
ρ
δ
+=
, (1.54)
c
2
B
ρδ
+=
. (1.55)
, -
(1.55) . -
(1.54) 20%, (1.55) - 12%.
-
. -
-
()
12111212
CCk1C −=
, (1.56)
(1.39)
()
[
]
21
2
21
2
1
22
k2VlnRT
δδδδϕγ
−−=
, (1.57)
12
k
- , , -
(1.33) -
.
1.2.4.
.
43
, , -
-
-
[2] -
.
[30].
(1.13)
()
P,
2
x,T
V,T
2
,
x
V
P
x
P
x1VV
P
x
−−−
=
∂
∂µ
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
σ
. (1.58)
V
V
()
P,T
x
V
x1VV
−+=
∂
∂
, (1.59)
x,T
V,T
P,T
V
P
x
P
x
V
−=
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
∂
. (1.60)
44
T
V
P
∂
∂
. ,
,P
2
x
∂
∂µ
-
- -
, -
.
-
- (.1.7).
:
−
=
τ
,
V
VV −
=
φ
,
P
PP −
=
π
, (1.61)
, V, -
,
;
P,V,
-
.
P,
2
x
∂
∂µ
0=
τ
0x =
, -
-
1
P,
2
cxba
x
−
++=
δγ
τπ
∂
∂µ
, (1.62)
. 1.7.
- -
. 1 - t = 12 °, 2 - t = 25 °, 3 -
t = 35 °.
45
, b - ,
γ
δ
- -
.
-
(1.59), , -
, -
.
γ
P,
2
x
∂
∂µ
,
.
.
(1.62) -
:
πτ
δ
τπµ
δγ
11
2
cbx
c
xbxa~ −+
++
, (1.62)
1
b
1
c
- .
cons
t
=
π
δ
τ
x~
. -
(1.62) -
[51]
()
γ
βδ
γ
δδ
<
=−
1
,
τ
:
δ
δ
τ
∂
∂µ
1
P,
2
~
x
−
. (1.64)
(
-
-) -
, -
. -
46
α
τ
−
~V
. (1.65)
(1.62) ,
x,T
V
P
~V
∂
∂
,
α
τ
∂
∂
−
~
V
P
x,T
.
[52].
, -
( [53])
δ
= 5,0,
α
= 0,12.
, - -
:
δ
= 3,
α
= 0.
[30] -
σ
∂
∂
,
P
x
. , -
φ
<<x
,
φ
>>x
-
σ
∂
∂
,
P
x
τ
π
−
(.1.8)
τ
π
B=
. (1.66)
[55÷57] , -
7÷8. .1.8 -
=7,6.
47
.1.8.
-
()
σ
∂∂
,
P/x
. 1 -
[52], 2 -
2
[31],
3 -
2
[54].
.1.9.
.
1 - [54], 2 - -
2
[31], 3- -
( ).
, [30] ,
σ
∂
∂
,
P
x
(.1.9).
~1,05. -
-
9,0~/
α
βδ
γ
+
-
()
8,0~/
βδ
γ
-
. [30], -
-
.
48
1.2.5.
1950- [58,
59]. -
[59]
...
V
D
3
4
CV
V
C
2
3
BV
V
B2V
x
x
ln
3
1112111
2
2
11211
2
12
2
0
2
2
+
−
+
−
+
−
=
,
(1.67)
2
x
-
, ;
0
2
x
- -
-
;
2
V
-
; V - ;
111211212
D,C,B
- -
,
, , .. -
. (1.67),
2
V
, . , ,
, - .
,
0
2
2
x
x
ln
12
B
,
1 2. -
,
[32]. , (1.67) -
10
/ ,
.
49
-
[59], -
(1.67)
...
V
D
3
4
V
C
2
3
V
B2
RT
PV
x
x
ln
3
1112
2
11212
2
0
2
2
−−−−=
, (1.68)
V -
, (1.67).
[60] , -
, -
. -
,
-
, -
. -
[60] -
=
∗
ij
ij
ijij
,
T
T
BVB
ω
, (1.69)
=
∗
ijk
ijk
2
ijkijk
,
T
T
CVC
ω
, (1.70)
=
∗
ijkl
3
ijklijkl
T
T
DVD
.. (1.71)
∗∗∗
D,C,B
..
ij
r
T
T
=
, - . -
50
ω
P
-
-
.
[22]. (1.69)÷(1.71) -
, -
, .
(1.69)÷(1.71) -
6
3
1
ij
j
i
6
2
j
2
jj
2
j
2
jj
2
i
2
ii
2
i
2
ii
jiij
V
V
1
1
V
V2
VT
VT
VT
VT
TT2
+
+−
=
α
α
α
α
,
(1.72)
i
α
j
α
- ,
jiji
V,V,,
- .
3
3
1
j
i
2
1
j
i
3
jiij
V
V
1
1
V
V
2
1
VVV
+
+
=
, (1.73)
()
jiij
2
1
ωωω
+=
. (1.74)