Donahoo M.J. TCP-IP sockets in C. Practical guide for programmers
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
TCP/IP Sockets in C
Practical Guide for Programmers
The Morgan Kaufmann Practical Guides Series
Series Editor: Michael J. Donahoo
TCP/IP Sockets in C: Practical Guide for Programmers
Michael J. Donahoo and Kenneth L. Calvert
TCP/IP Sockets in Java: Practical Guide for Programmers
Kenneth L. Calvert and Michael J. Donahoo
JDBC: Practical Guide for Java Programmers
Gregory D. Speegle
For further information on these books and for a list of forthcoming titles,
please visit our Web site at www.mkp.com/practical.
TC P /I P SOC kets i n C
Practical G u ide for Prog ram me rs
Michael J. Donahoo
Baylor University
Kenneth L. Calvert
University of Kentucky
l~ ~4 ~
MORGAN KAUFMANN PUBLISHERS
An Imprint of Elsevier
SAN FRANCISCO SAN DIEGO NEW YORK BOSTON
LONDON SYDNEY TOKYO
Senior Editor Rick Adams
Publishing Services Manager Scott Norton
Senior Production Editor Cheri Palmer
Assistant Acquisitions Editor Karyn P. Johnson
Production Coordinator Mei Levenson
Cover Design Matt Seng, Seng Design
Cover Image Corbis Images/PictureQuest
Text Design Side by Side Studios
Composition/Illustration Windfall Software, using ZzTeX
Copyeditor Erin Milnes
Proojreader Jennifer McClain
Indexer Ty Koontz
Printer Maple Vail
Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as
trademarks or registered trademarks. In all instances in which Morgan Kaufmann
Publishers is aware of a claim, the product names appear in initial capital or all
capital letters. Readers, however, should contact the appropriate companies for more
complete information regarding trademarks and registration.
Morgan Kaufmann Publishers
An Imprint of Elsevier
340 Pine Street, Sixth Floor
San Francisco, CA 94104-3205
www.mkp.com
9 2001 by Elsevier USA
All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America
Originally published as
The Pocket Guide to TCP/IP Sockets: C Version (1-55860-686-6)
06 05 5
No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means-electronic, mechanical, photocopying, or
otherwise-without the prior written permission f the publisher.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2001095844
ISBN-13:978-1-55860-826-9 ISBN-10:1-55860-826-5
This book is printed on acid-free paper.
For Lisa and Tricia.
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Contents
Preface
xi
PART
1
Tutorial
1
1
Introduction
3
1.1
Networks, Packets, and Protocols 3
1.2
About
Addresses
5
1.3 Clients and Servers 6
1.4 What
Is
a Socket? 7
Thought Questions
8
2
Basic Sockets
9
2.1 Creating and Destroying
9
2.2 Specifying Addresses
10
2.3 TCP Client
12
2.4 TCP Server 17
Thought Questions 23
3
Constructing Messages
25
3.1 Encoding Data 26
3.2 Byte Ordering
28
3.3 Alignment and Padding 30
3.4
Framing and Parsing 31
Thought Questions 33
vii
viii
Contents 9
Using UDP Sockets 35
4.1 UDPClient 36
4.2 UDP Server 39
4.3 Sending and Receiving with UDP Sockets 41
Thought Questions 42
Socket
Programming 43
5.1 Socket Options 43
5.2 Signals 44
5.3 Nonblocking I/O 50
5.4 Multitasking 60
5.5 Multiplexing 72
5.6 Multiple Recipients 77
Thought Questions 85
6 Under the Hood 87
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
Buffering and TCP 89
Deadlock 91
Performance Implications 92
TCP Socket Life Cycle 93
Demultiplexing Demystified 100
Thought Questions 102
Domain Name Service 103
7.1 Mapping Between Names and Internet Addresses
7.2 Finding Service Information by Name 106
104
PART 2 API Reference 109
API Reference 111
Data Structures 111
sockaddr 111
sockaddr_in 111
Socket Setup 112
socket() 112
bind() 112
getsockname()
113
m Contents
ix
Socket Connection 113
connect () 113
listen() 114
accept() 114
getpeername () 114
Socket Communication
send() 115
sendt o ( ) 115
recv() 116
recvfrom() 116
close() 117
shutdown() 117
115
Socket Control 118
getsockopt() 118
setsockopt() 118
Binary/String Conversion 119
inet_ntoa() 119
inet_addr() 119
htons(), htonl(), ntohs(), ntohl()
Host and Service Information
gethostname() 120
gethostbyname () 120
gethostbyaddr () 121
getservbyname () 121
getservbyport () 122
120
Bibliography 123
119
Index 125