Challenges in generation at naptha jahakri power station due to heavy silt in Satluj River, India
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S. NO. YEAR PPM
<1000
PPM
1000 To
2000
PPM
2001 TO
4000
PPM
4001 TO
5000
PPM
>5000
1 1971 279 45 40 - 1
2 1972 292 67 7 - -
3 1973 214 48 82 6 15
4 1974 303 56 6 - -
5 1975 251 58 45 5 6
6 1976 305 39 19 2 1
7 1977 320 25 15 3 2
8 1978 313 41 8 1 2
9 1979 306 27 19 12 1
10 1980 305 29 20 2 10
11 1981 312 33 14 5 1
12 1982 285 2 27 26 25
13 1983 261 36 64 3 1
14 1984 315 49 2 - -
SUSPENDED SEDIMENT LOAD
(PPM RANGE FOR THE NUMBER OF DAYS) (CONTD.)...
S. NO. YEAR PPM
<1000
PPM
1000 To
2000
PPM
2001 TO
4000
PPM
4001 TO
5000
PPM
>5000
15 1985 315 43 7 - -
16 1986 282 47 17 12 7
17 1987 339 21 5 - -
18 1988 341 20 5 - -
19 1989 301 38 25 1 -
20 1990 304 51 10 - -
21 1991 263 58 37 6 1
22 1992 322 38 3 - 3
23 1993 336 23 5 - 1
24 1994 246 45 54 10 10
25 1995 283 69 11 1 1
26 1996 267 67 28 4 -
Average Days 293.58 42.23 22.33 3.81 3.43
SUSPENDED SEDIMENT LOAD
(PPM RANGE FOR THE NUMBER OF DAYS)
S.NO. YEAR PPM
2001 TO
4000
PPM
4001 TO
5000
PPM
>5000
1 1997 29 10 13
2 1998 33 12 16
3 1999 43 9 14
4 2000 64 21 28
5 2001 39 8 13
6 2002 35 7 12
7 2003 22 11 17
Average 37.85 11.14 16.14
SILT LOAD DATA OF RIVER SATLUJ OBSERVED AT WANGTU BRIDGE
(1997-2003)
SILT LOAD DATA OF RIVER SATLUJ OBSERVED AT WANGTU BRIDGE (2004 TO
2006)
S.NO. YEAR PPM
2001 TO
4000
PPM
4001 TO
5000
PPM
>5000
1 2004 17 5 13
2 2005 23 8 53
3 2006 43 5 27
Average 27.66 6.00 31.00
SILT LOAD IN RIVER SATLUJ- CONTD.
GRADATION OF SUSPENDED SILT LOAD
The maximum and minimum range of fractions for the
years 1970 to 1996 is as follows :
Coarse % Medium% Fine%
Max. 28.00 36.67 85.00
Min. 5.00 10.00 42.00
Average 15.72 22.36 61.92
However, during the recent period there is considerable
increase in coarse fraction as can be seen from the data
prior to and after the Parechu flood of 26th June, 2005
shown in next Slide
SILT LOAD IN RIVER SATLUJ- CONTD.
GRADATION OF SUSPENDED SILT LOAD
PERCENTAGE OF COARSE, MEDIUM AND FINE
FRACTIONS IN SUSPENDED SEDEMENTS- AS OBSERVED
RECENTLY IN SATLUJ AT NATHPA
DATE COARSE MEDIUM FINE REMARKS
19.06.05 TO
22.06.05
21.9% 33.5% 44.6% BEFORE FLOOD
27.06.05 TO
30.06.05
32.7% 25.1% 42.2% IMMEDIATE
AFTER FLOOD
16.07.05 23% 33% 44% 20 DAYS AFTER
FLOOD
08.08.06 20% 35% 45% --
CHANGING TREND OF SILT INFLOW -SOME DATA
YEAR 2005 (AFTER PARECHU BREACH)
YEAR 2006 KHAB POWARI NATHPA
01.07.05 7,214 - 25,416
05.07.05 4,171 9,186 10,456
11.07.05 - 9,597 8,822
13.07.05 4,643 10,800 9,085
21.07.05 2,143 4,119 5,747
27.07.05 1,357 3,995 4,647
30.07.05 2,500 4,989 5,210
GENERAL TREND WAS INCREASING SILT LOAD FROM
KHAB TO NATHPA, BECAUSE OF DISTABILISATION OF
BANKS AND RECONSTRUCTION OF ROAD ACTIVITY
CHANGING TREND OF SILT INFLOW -SOME DATA
YEAR 2006
YEAR
2006
KHAB
SATLUJ SPITI TOTAL
31.7.06 14,686 3, 252 9,374 8,792 7,906
01.8.06 24,843 2,776 15,368 9,901 10,160
02.8.06 13,695 2,662 8,948 10,808 11,187
03.8.06 30,804 3,781 19,126 16,656 16,540
04.8.06 26,641 8,175 18,792 21,474 21,007
05.8.06 23,790 7,328 16,610 18,233 16,411
POWARI NATHPA
GENERAL TREND WAS THAT MOST SILT CAME AT
KHAB FROM SATLUJ (TIBET SIDE) AND
CONCENTRATIC REDUCED TOWARDS NATHPA
SILT LOAD IN RIVER SATLUJ- CONTD.
PETROGRAPHIC ANALYSIS
Operation stage
July - August ,04 May- July,05
Shape Average % Average %
1. Quartz 7 Angular to Subangular 68.94 53.81
2. Feldspar 6 Prismatic 0.78 6.70
3 Muscovite 2.2 .5 Elongated Flaky 9.06 5.53
4. Biotite 2.5 -3 Elongated Flaky 8.52 16.37
5. Hornblende 5.6 Subangular to
subrounded
0.32
6. Tourmaline 7 -7.5 Angular to Subangular 3.88 2.89
7. Chlorite 1.5 –2.5 Angular to subangular 2.18 4.63
8. Garnet/
Augite Garnet
6.5 –7.5 Subangular to
subrounded
1.26 3.28
9. Zircon 7.5 Angular to subangular 2.16
10. Ruttle 6 – 6.5 Subangular to
subrounded
0.90
11. Opaques Angular to subangular 1.06 3.97
12. Rock
Fragments
Angular to subangular 0.94 2.82
S.No. Constituent
Hardness
Hardness
On Mohr’s
Scale
Project Capacity
(MW)
Head
(M)
Speed
(RPM)
Turbine Class
Baira Siul 3 X 60 240 375 Francis A
Maneri
Bhali I
3 X 30 180 428.6 Francis A
Chilla 4 X 36 32.5 187.5 Kaplan B
Dehar 6 X 165 282 300 Francis B
Giri 2 X 30 147.5 428.6 Francis B
Lower
Lagyap
2 X 6.3 530.5 1000 Pelton B
Kosi 4 X 4.8 6.1 93.8 Bulb B
PROJECT FACING REGULAR DAMAGE DUE TO
EXCESSIVE SILT