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9KBHBaJIeHTHa HHJlYKTHBHOCTH.
TaKHM oopa30M, CHHxpOHHaH MaWHHa oe3 aKTHBHoA Ha-
rpY3KH MO)KeT HCnOJIb30BaTbCH JlJIH peryJIHpOBaHHH K~H-
UHeHTa MOmHOCTH H nOMep)KaHHH HOpMaJIbHorO ypOBHH Ha-
npH)KeHHH B ceTHX; TaKaH MaWHHa Ha3b1BaeTCH
CUHXpOH.HblM
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xpOHHaH MaWHHa TaK)Ke oOJIaJlaeT 3THM 3aMetIaTeJIbHbIM CBoii-
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HOCTb H TeM caMblM peryJIHpOSaTb COS<pceTeii.
KOJIe()aHHSI CHHXPOHHblX MaWHH. HeKOTopble KOJIeOaTeJIb-
Hble JlBH)KeHHH BpamalOmerOCH pOTOpa Ha ynpyrHx MarHHTHblX
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npH HapyweHHH paBHOBeCHH Me)KJlY pa3BHBaeMbIM 9JIeKTpO-
MarHHTHblM MOMeHTOM H MOMeHTOM, npHJIO)KeHHbIM K BaJIy.
KOJIeOaHHH CBH3aHbI C H3MeHeHHeM yrJIa
e
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co6C11UJeH-
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KOJIeOaHHfl pOTopa npHBOJlHT K nepeCetIeHHIO CTep)KHHMH
ycnoKOHTeJIbHOii OOMOTKH (CM. n.
12.2)
MarHHTHoro nOJIH, B
pe3YJIbTaTe tIero B Heii HB CepJletIHHKe pOTopa TeKyT BHXpe-
Bble TOKH, KOTopble, B3aHMOJleiicTByH C MarHHTHblM nOJIeM,
«ycnoKaHBaIOT» KOJIeOaHHH.
OcooylO onaCHOCTb npeJlCTaBJIHIOT
8blHY:JICaeHHble
KOJIeOa-
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BOJlHOrO JlBHraTeJIH (HanpHMep, .nH3eJIH Ha TenJIOB03ax) ECJlH
B03HHKHeT pe30HaHC KOJIeOaHHii (COBnaJleHHe COOCTBeHHbIX
H BblHY)K.neHHbIX tIaCTOT), TO reHepaTOp MO)KeT BbInaCTb 83
CHHXpOHH3Ma HJIH MO)KeT npOH30HTH nOJIOMKa ero BaJIa. KOJIe-
oaHHHM nOJlBep)KeHbI TaK)Ke CHHxpOHHble JlBHraTeJIH.
t1.7.
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CHHxpOHHaSl MaWHHa, paOOTalOmaH napaJ1JIeJIbHO C ceXltlO.
aBTOMaTHtIeCKH nepeXOJlHT B pe)KHM JlBHraTeJIH, eCJIHK ee BaJIy,
OTCoeJlHHHB nepBHtIHblA JlBHraTeJlb, npHJIO>KHTb TOpM03HOA
MOMeHT. npH 9TOM MaWHHa nOTpe6JIHeT H3 ceTH aKTHBHylO
MOmHOCTb H B03HHK8eT ~pamaIOmHH MOMeHT. qacToTa Bpame-
UHH pOTopa OCTaeTCH
Heu3MeHHou,
)KeCTKO cBH3aHHoA C tIaCTO-
TOH ceTH COOTHoweHHeM
(12.1).
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e
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0
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cnocooHoCTb pa60TaTb C cos
q>
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HJIH .na)Ke C onepe)KalOmHM
cos <p B pe)KHMe nepeB036y)KJleHHH.
nycK B XOJl CHHxpoHHoro .nBHraTeJIH npe.ncTaBJIHeT
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tIaJIbHOrO nycKoBoro MOMeHTa. ECJIH JlBHraTeJIb C B030ymJleH-
HblM HHJlyKTOpOM no.nKJIlOtIHTb K ceTH nepeMeHHoro TOKa, TO
POTOP BBIfJlY HHepUHH He MomeT ObITb cpa3y yBJIetIeH BpamalO-
mHMCH nOJIeM CTaTopa, TaK KaK 3a OJlHHnepHOJl H3MeHeHHH TOKa
9JIeKTpOMarHHTHblii MOMeHT JlBamJlbI H3MeHHT CBoe HanpaBJIe-
HHe H yCToiitIHBaH CBH3b Me)l{JlY nOJIHMH pOTopa H CTaTOpa He
B03HHKaeT. CJIeJlOBaTeJIbHO, JlJIH nycKa B XOJl HeOOXOJlHMO
pCl30mamb pomop C nOMO~blO 8HetuHeeo MOMeHma ao ttacmombl
8P~'!HUJl, 61lU3KOU K CUHXpOHHOU.
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cropOHHHii JlBHraTeJIb (aCHHxpOHHblii HJIH nOCTOHHHoro TOKa).
Ho nycK npH 3TOMB03MomeH npaKTH':IeCKH oe3 Harpy3KH. KorJla
POTOP JlBHraTeJIH JlOCTHraeT tIaCTOTbI BpameHHH, OJIH3KOA K
CHHXpOHHOH, cTaTop nOJlKJIlOtIaeTCH K cern.
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acUHXpOHHblU nycK.
B
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JlJISi tIero OH cHaomeH CneUHaJIbHOH KOpoTK03aMKHyToH nycKo-
BoA 06MorKoH (CM. n.
12.2).
npH JlOCTH)KeHHH tIaCTOTbI Bpame-.
HHH, OJIH3KOH K CHHXpOHHOH
(n ~
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t
),
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C03Jlaer CHHXpoHH3HpylOmHH MOMeHT, H POTOP IHHrHBaeTCH B
CHHXpOHH3M. npH aCHHxpoHHOM nycKe OOMOTKy B030Y)KJleHHH
HeJIb3H OCTaBJIHTb pa30MKHyToH, TaK KaK BpamalOmHMCH no-
JIeM cTaTopa B HeH MO)KeTOblTb HaBeJleHa OtIeHb OOJIbWaH
3)lC,
onaCHaH JlJIH ueJIOCTHOCTHH30JIHUHH H OOCJIY}l{HBalOmero nep-
COHaJIa. n09TOMY oOMorKy B030Y)K.neHHH Ha nepHOJl nycKa
saMbiKalOT HB pe3HcTOp, conpOTHBJIeHHe KOToporo npHMepHo
B
10
pas npeBblwaeT ee conpOTHBJIeHHe.
B
HeKoTopblX CJIytIaHX B03MO}l{eH
ttacmomHw nyCK,
KOrJla
JlBHraTeJIb nHTalOT OT OTJleJIbHOrO CHHxpoHHoro reHeparopa,
7* 187