ASME Section VIII div 2 2010. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Alternative Rules
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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-109
ANNEX 3.E
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
(NORMATIVE)
3.E.1 Young’s Modulus
Values for the Young’s Modulus as a function of temperature are provided in ASME B&PV Code, Section II,
Part D.
3.E.2 Thermal Expansion Coefficient
Values for the thermal expansion coefficient as a function of temperature are provided in ASME B&PV Code,
Section II, Part D.
3.E.3 Thermal Conductivity
Values for the thermal conductivity as a function of temperature are provided in ASME B&PV Code, Section
II, Part D.
3.E.4 Thermal Diffusivity
Values for the thermal diffusivity as a function of temperature are provided in ASME B&PV Code, Section II,
Part D.
2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-110
ANNEX 3.F
DESIGN FATIGUE CURVES
(NORMATIVE)
3.F.1 Smooth Bar Design Fatigue Curves
3.F.1.1 Smooth bar design fatigue curves in paragraph 3.F.1.1 are provided for the following materials in
terms of a polynomial function, see Equation (3.F.1). The constants for these functions,
n
C , are provided for
different fatigue curves as described below.
a) Carbon, Low Alloy, Series 4xx, and High Tensile Strength Steels for temperatures not exceeding 371
o
C
(700
o
F) where 552 (80 )
uts
M
Pa ksi
σ
≤ (see Table 3.F.1).
b) Carbon, Low Alloy Series 4xx, and High Tensile Strength Steels for temperatures not exceeding 371
o
C
(700
o
F) where 793 892 (115 130 )
uts
M
Pa ksi
σ
=− − (see Table 3.F.2).
c) Series 3xx High Alloy Steels, Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy, and Nickel-
Copper Alloy for temperatures not exceeding 427
o
C (800
o
F) where 195 (28.2 )
a
SMPaksi> (see
Table 3.F.3).
d) Series 3xx High Alloy Steels, Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy, and Nickel-
Copper Alloy for temperatures not exceeding 427
o
C (800
o
F) where 195 (28.2 )
a
SMPaksi
≤
(see
Table 3.F.4).
e) Wrought 70-30 Copper-Nickel for temperatures not exceeding 232
o
C (450
o
F) (see Tables 3.F.5, 3.F.6,
and 3.F.7). These data are applicable only for materials with minimum specified yield strength as shown.
These data may be interpolated for intermediate values of minimum specified yield strength.
f) Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Iron, Alloys X, G, C-4, And C-276 for temperatures not exceeding 427
o
C
(800
o
F) (see Table 3.F.8).
g) High strength bolting for temperatures not exceeding 371
o
C (700
o
F) (see Table 3.F.9).
3.F.1.2 The design number of design cycles,
N
, can be computed from Equation (3.F.1) or Table 3.F.10
based on the stress amplitude,
a
S , which is determined in accordance with Part 5 of this Division.
10
X
N =
(3.F.1)
where
234 5
13 5 7 9 11
234 5
24 6 8 10
1
CCYCYCYCYCY
X
CY CY CY CY C Y
++ + + +
=
++ + + +
(3.F.2)
aFC
us T
SE
Y
CE
⎛⎞
⎛⎞
=⋅
⎜⎟
⎜⎟
⎝⎠
⎝⎠
(3.F.3)
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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-111
3.F.2 Welded Joint Design Fatigue Curves
3.F.2.1 Subject to the limitations of paragraph 5.5.5, the welded joint design fatigue curves in paragraph
3.F.2.1 can be used to evaluate welded joints for the following materials and associated temperature limits.
a) Carbon, Low Alloy, Series 4xx, and High Tensile Strength Steels for temperatures not exceeding 371
o
C
(700
o
F)
b) Series 3xx High Alloy Steels, Nickel-Chromium-Iron Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy, and Nickel-
Copper Alloy for temperatures not exceeding 427
o
C (800
o
F)
c) Wrought 70 Copper-Nickel for temperatures not exceeding 232
o
C (450
o
F)
d) Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-Iron, Alloys X, G, C-4, And C-276 for temperatures not exceeding 427
o
C
(800
o
F)
e) Aluminum Alloys
3.F.2.2 The number of allowable design cycles for the welded joint fatigue curve shall be computed as
follows.
a) The design number of allowable design cycles,
N , can be computed from Equation (3.F.4) based on the
equivalent structural stress range parameter,
,ess k
S
Δ
, determined in accordance with paragraph 5.5.5 of
this Division. The constants
C and h for use in Equation (3.F.4) are provided in Table 3.F.11. The
lower 99% Prediction Interval
(3)
σ
− shall be used for design unless otherwise agreed to by the Owner-
User and the Manufacturer.
1
,
h
IMT
Eessk
f
fC
N
fS
⎛⎞
⋅
=
⎜⎟
⎜⎟
Δ
⎝⎠
(3.F.4)
b) If a fatigue improvement method is performed that exceeds the fabrication requirements of this Division,
then a fatigue improvement factor,
I
f
, may be applied. The fatigue improvement factors shown below
may be used. An alternative factor determined may also be used if agreed to by the user or user’s
designated agent and the Manufacturer.
1) For burr grinding in accordance with Part 6, Figure 6.2.
()
1.0 2.5 10
q
I
f =+⋅ (3.F.5)
2) For TIG dressing
()
1.0 2.5 10
q
I
f =+⋅ (3.F.6)
3) For hammer peening
()
1.0 4.0 10
q
I
f =+⋅ (3.F.7)
In the above equations, the parameter
q
is given by the following equation.
1.6
,
0.0016
ess k
usm
S
q
C
Δ
⎛⎞
=− ⋅
⎜⎟
⎝⎠
(3.F.8)
2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-112
c) The design fatigue cycles given by Equation (3.F.4) may be modified to account for the effects of
environment other than ambient air that may cause corrosion or sub-critical
crack propagation. The
environmental modification factor,
E
f
, is typically a function of the fluid environment, loading frequency,
temperature, and material variables such as grain size and chemical composition. A value of
4.0
E
f
=
shall be used unless there is specific information to justify an alternate value based on the severity of the
material/environmental interaction. The environmental modification factor,
E
f
, shall be specified in the
User’s Design Specification.
d) A temperature adjustment is required to the fatigue curve for materials other than carbon steel and/or for
temperatures above 21°C (70°F). The temperature adjustment factor is given by Equation (3.F.9).
T
MT
ACS
E
f
E
=
(3.F.9)
3.F.3 Nomenclature
A constant in the weld joint fatigue curve equation.
B
exponent in the weld joint fatigue curve equation.
111
CC→ equation constants used to represent the smooth bar fatigue curves.
us
C conversion factor, 1.0
us
C = for units of stress in ksi and 6.894757
us
C
=
for units of stress
in MPa.
usm
C conversion factor, 1.0
usm
C = for units of stress in ksi and 14.148299
usm
C
=
for units of
stress in MPa.
ACS
E modulus of elasticity of carbon steel at ambient temperature or 21°C (70°F).
FC
E modulus of elasticity used to establish the design fatigue curve
T
E modulus of elasticity of the material under evaluation at the average temperature of the cycle
being evaluated.
E
f
environmental correction factor to the welded joint fatigue curve.
I
f
fatigue improvement method correction factor to the welded joint fatigue curve.
M
T
f
material and temperature correction factor to the welded joint fatigue curve.
q
parameter used to determine the effect equivalent structural stress range on the fatigue
improvement factor.
N number of allowable design cycles.
a
S computed stress amplitude from Part 5.
,ess k
SΔ computed equivalent structural stress range parameter from Part 5.
uts
σ
minimum specified ultimate tensile strength.
X
exponent used to compute the permissible number of cycles.
Y
stress factor used to compute
X
.
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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-113
3.F.4 Tables
Table 3.F.1 – Coefficients for Fatigue Curve 110.1 – Carbon, Low Alloy, Series 4XX, High Alloy Steels,
And High Tensile Strength Steels For Temperatures not Exceeding 371 °C (700 °F) –
552 (80 )
uts
M
PA ksi
σ
≤
Coefficients
i
C
(
)
()
48 214
731
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤<
≤<
()
()
214 3999
31 580
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
1 2.254510E+00 7.999502E+00
2 -4.642236E-01 5.832491E-02
3 -8.312745E-01 1.500851E-01
4 8.634660E-02 1.273659E-04
5 2.020834E-01 -5.263661E-05
6 -6.940535E-03 0.0
7 -2.079726E-02 0.0
8 2.010235E-04 0.0
9 7.137717E-04 0.0
10 0.0 0.0
11 0.0 0.0
Note: 195 3 (28.3 3 )
FC
EEMPaEksi=
2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-114
Table 3.F.2 – Coefficients for Fatigue Curve 110.1 – Carbon, Low Alloy, Series 4XX, High Alloy Steels,
And High Tensile Strength Steels For Temperatures not Exceeding 371 °C (700 °F) –
793 892 (115 130 )
uts
M
PA ksi
σ
=− −
Coefficients
i
C
(
)
()
77.2 296
11.2 43
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
()
()
296 2896
43 420
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
<≤
<≤
1 1.608291E+01 8.628486E+00
2 -4.113828E-02 -1.264052E-03
3 -1.023740E+00 -1.605097E-04
4 3.544068E-05 -2.548491E-03
5 2.896256E-02 -1.409031E-02
6 1.826072E-04 8.557033E-05
7 3.863423E-04 5.059948E-04
8 0.0 6.913396E-07
9 0.0 -2.354834E-07
10 0.0 0.0
11 0.0 0.0
Note: 195 3 (28.3 3 )
FC
EEMPaEksi=
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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-115
Table 3.F.3 – Coefficients For Fatigue Curve 110.2.1 – Series 3XX High Alloy Steels, Nickel-
Chromium-Iron Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy, And Nickel-Copper Alloy For Temperatures Not
Exceeding 427 °C (800 °F) Where
195 (28.2 )
a
SMPaksi>
Coefficients
i
C
(
)
()
195 4881
28.3 708
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
1 2.114025E+01
2 1.536993E-01
3 4.487599E-01
4 3.651302E-04
5 -8.981314E-05
6
0.0
7
0.0
8
0.0
9
0.0
10
0.0
11
0.0
Notes: 195 3 (28.3 3 )
FC
EEMPaEksi=
2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-116
Table 3.F.4 – Coefficients For Fatigue Curve 110.2.2 – Series 3xx High Alloy Steels, Nickel-
Chromium-Iron Alloy, Nickel-Iron-Chromium Alloy, And Nickel-Copper Alloy For Temperatures Not
Exceeding 427 °C (800 °F) Where
195 (28.2 )
a
SMPaksi
≤
Coefficients
i
C
Curve A Curve B Curve C
()
()
163 194
23.7 28.2
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
(
)
()
114 194
16.5 28.2
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
(
)
()
94 194
13.6 28.2
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
1 1.785872E+01 5.856886E+00 1.891543E+01
2 -4.973162E-02 -1.774051E-01 1.478023E-01
3 -2.264248E+00 -1.070324E+00 -2.436005E+00
4 -4.356560E-03 1.033285E-02 -6.369796E-02
5 9.567759E-02 6.513423E-02 -6.908655E-02
6 3.327393E-04 -1.879553E-04 5.379540E-03
7
-1.347445E-03 -1.320281E-03 1.957898E-02
8 -5.717269E-06 -5.633339E-07 -1.391592E-04
9 0.0 0.0 -6.506543E-04
10 0.0 0.0 0.0
11 0.0 0.0 0.0
Notes:
1. 206 3 (30 3 )
FC
E E MPa E ksi=
2. Thermal bending stresses resulting from either axial or through-wall gradients are not included in Q .
3. Curve A is to be used with inelastic analysis.
4. The maximum effect of retained mean stress is included in Curve C.
5. The criterion to select a curve is shown in the following table.
Curve
Elastic Analysis Of Material Other Than
Welds And Heat Effected Zones
Elastic Analysis of Welds and Heat
Effected Zones
A
()
188 (27.2 )
Lb
range
PPQ MPa ksi++ ≤
…
B
()
188 (27.2 )
Lb
range
PPQ MPa ksi++ >
and
a
S is corrected for applied mean
stress
(
)
188 (27.2 )
Lb
range
PPQ MPa ksi++ ≤
C
()
188 (27.2 )
Lb
range
PPQ MPa ksi++ >
and
a
S is not corrected for applied mean
stress
(
)
188 (27.2 )
Lb
range
PPQ MPa ksi++ >
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2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-117
Table 3.F.5 – Coefficients for Fatigue Curve 110.3 – Wrought 70 Copper-Nickel For Temperatures Not
Exceeding 371 °C (700 °F) –
134 (18 )
ys
M
Pa ksi
σ
=
Coefficients
i
C
(
)
()
83 359
12 52
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
()
()
359 1793
52 260
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
<≤
<≤
1 5.854767E+00 4.940552E+00
2 -1.395072E-01 1.373308E-02
3 -9.597118E-01 -1.385148E-02
4 4.028700E-03 -6.080708E-05
5 4.377509E-02 -1.300476E-05
6 2.487537E-05 0.0
7 -6.795812E-04 0.0
8 -1.517491E-06 0.0
9 1.812235E-06 0.0
10 0.0
0.0
11 0.0
0.0
Note: 138 3 (20 3 )
FC
EEMPaEksi=
2010 SECTION VIII, DIVISION 2
3-118
Table 3.F.6 – Coefficients for Fatigue Curve 110.3 – Wrought 70 Copper-Nickel For Temperatures Not
Exceeding 371 °C (700 °F) –
207 (30 )
ys
M
Pa ksi
σ
=
Coefficients
i
C
(
)
()
62 1793
9 260
a
a
SMPa
Sksi
≤≤
≤≤
1 1.614520E+01
2 7.084155E-02
3 -3.281777E-03
4 3.171113E-02
5 3.768141E-02
6 -1.244577E-03
7 5.462508E-03
8 1.266873E-04
9 2.317630E-04
10 1.346118E-07
11 -3.703613E-07
Notes: 138 3 (20 3 )
FC
E E MPa E ksi=
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