Андерсон Б. Солнечная энергия: Основы строительного проектирования
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
c1>l1pMa
«OY3IIC-I1JI.nI1HO('C»
pd3pa60TaJIa
BaKYYMHbIe
LTeKJI5H-i-
!fIbIe
UI1JII1H,UPbI
,UHaMeTpoM
100
MM
,UJI5I
MaCCOBoro
np0l13Bo,UcTBa
B
KOJIl1qeCTBaX,
CpaBHI1MbIX
C
rrpoH3Bo,UCTBOM
Tpy60K
,UJI5I
JIIOMHHe-
cueHTHoro
oCBerueHH5I
Ha
PHC
582
rrOKa3aHO
pa3MerueHHe
UHJlHH,U-
pOiB
Ha
rrJIOCKOH
rroBepxHocTH
(BepTHKaJIbHOe
H
ropH30HTaJIbHoe)
DPH
,UOCTaTOqHOM
paCCT05IHHH
Me2K,UY
HHMH
BO
H36e2KaHHe
3aTCIIe-
HH5I
HX
M02KHO
rrOBOpaQHBaTb,
t!T06bI
06ecrre
l
IHTb
OrrTHMaJIbHbIH
yroJI
HaKJIOHd
I
aKa5I
YHlmepCaJIbHOCTb
BO
MHorOM
cnoc06CTByeT
rrOBbIlllCHHIO
COBMCCTHMOCTH COJIHCtIHbIX
KOJIJIeKTOpOB
C
KOHCTPYK-
THBHbIM
pCmeIIIIC'vI
3,UaHH5I
AKKY
MY
IlViPOBAHVlE
COIlHE4HOrO
TEnIlA
HaH60JIee
Ba2KHOH
rrpHQHHOH
I1e06xo,UHMOCTH
aKKYMYJIHpOBaHlul
TerrJIa
B COJIIHelIHOH
3HeprCTHQeCKOH
YCTaHoBKe
5IBJI5IeTC5I HerrOCTO-
5IHCTBO CH5IHH5I
COJIHua
11
nOCT05IHHa5I
norpe6HocTb
B
:HlepnHI
Kpo-
Me
TOro,
npH
HaJIHQ}IH
COJIHua,
KaK
npaBHJIO,
nOCT)I1rraeT
60JIbWE'
3HeprHH,
QeM
Tpe6yeTC5I,
H
n03TOMY,
IHaKonHB
3HeprHIO,
ee
M02KHO
HCnOJIb30BaTb
B
,UaJIbHeHWeM,
Kor,na
COJIHua
HeT
ITPH
npoeKTHpOBaHHH
aKKyMymlTOpa
COJIHe'lHOrO
TerrJIa
Heo6-
XO,UHMO
COH3Mep5ITb
CTOHMOCTb C
pa60QHMH
xapaKTepHCTHKaMH
HeKOTopbIMH
pewalOruHMH
cpaKTopaMH
'CTOHMOCTH 5IBJI5IIOTC5I
BbI-
60p
TenJIOaKKYMYJIHPYIoruei'I
cpe,UbI
,UJI5I
TerrJIOBOrO
aKKYMYJI5ITOpa,
KOTOPOH
MoryT
CJIy2KHTb,
HanpHMep
KaMHH,
Bo,Ua HJIH
3BTeKTHQe-
CKHe
COJIH,
He06xo,UHMoe
KOJIH'leCTBO
3TOH
TerrJIOaKKYMYJIHPYIOruei'I
pa60'leH
cpe,UbI,
H3Mep5IeMOe
no
Becy
HJIH
no
06'beMY,
pa3MerueHHe
TerrJIOBOrO
aKII.YMyJI5ITOpa
JIH60
B
OTarrJIHBaeMOM
nOMerueHHH,
J1H60
BHe
ero,
THn
H
pa3MepbI
KOHTeHHepa
,UJI5I
aKKYMYJIl1pYIOruei'I
cpe,UbI,
TenJIo06MeHHI1KI1,
eCJII1
He06xo,UHMO,
,UJI5I
nepe,Ua'lH
HJIH
oT60pa
Terr-
JIa
OT
pa60LJero
TeJIa
H
MeXaHI1'leCKOe
YCTPOHCTBO
,UJI5I
nepeMerue-
HI15I
TenJIOaKKYMYJIHPYIOruei'I
cpe,UbI
LJepe3
aKKYMYJI5ITOP
I1JIH
Terr
JI006MeHHI1KH
KpoMe
3TH'\.
cpaKTopOB
pa60QHe
xapaKTepHcTHKH
TaK2Ke
3aBHC5IT
01
cpe,UHeil
pa60LJeil
TeMrrepa
TYPbI,
rra,UeHH5I ,UaIBJIeHH5I TerrJIOHOCH-
TeJI5I,
,nBI12Kyrueroc5I
Qepe3
TerrJIOaKKYMYJIHpYIOruYIO
cpe,Uy,
H OT
rro-
I
eph
1
errJIa
KOl!Tei'IHepoM
B
OKPY2KalOruYIO
cpe,Uy
ECTb
TpH
OCIIOBHbIX
BI1,Ua
TerrJIOaKKYMYJIHPYloruei'I
cpe,UbI
KaM-
HI1,
Bo,na
11
3BTeKTHQeCKHe
com!
(C
cpa30BbIM
rrpeBparueHHeM)
Crroc06HOCTb
pa3IIbIX
MaTepHaJIOB
HaKarrJIHBaTb
TCrrJIO
3aBHCHT
OT
HX
Y,UCJIbHOi'I TerrJIOeMKOCTH
KaK
YKa3bIBaJIOCb
B
rrpe,nbI'uyruCH
TWCl H, Y,UCJIbHa5I TerrJIOCMKOCTb
Ma
TepHaJIa
BbIpa2KaeTC5I
KOJIHLJeCT-
BOM
TerrJIa
(niK)
,
IIC06XO,UI1MOrO
,nJI5I
rroBbIWeIUI5I
TeMrrepaTypbI
1
hf
MaTCpl1aJIa
Ha
1°
3I1eprHIO,
QaCTO
Ha3bIIBaeMyro
cpH3HLJeCK0l1
TCrrJIOTOH, MQ)KHO
nOJIYQHTb
o6paTHo
no
Mepe
CHH2KeHH5I
TeMnepd
TYPbI
BeruecTBa
3TO
OCHOBIIOH
IlPI1HUHIl
,nei'ICTBH5I
60JIbWHHCT13a
COJIHel[HbIX
TenJIOBbIX
aKKYMYJI5ITOPOB
B
Ta6JI
15
npHBo,U5ITC5I
TenJIOaKKYMYJIHpylO/UHe
cIloc06HOCTH
HeCKOJIbKHX
pacIlpocTpaHeH-
Hbl'{
MaTepl1aJIOB
241
Tao
JI
H Il, a
15
l'enJIOaKKYMYJIHpYIOUJ.He
MilTepHaJIbI
(19]
.
fenJIOeMl{OCTb,
Kl1.>K/(M'rpd/()
TerJJlOaKKYMYJlIlPYIOlll,Ili!
YAeJlbHa5!
TIJIOTHOCTb
l
---
MaTepHaJl
TerrJlOeMKOCTb,
Kr/M3
I
Kl1.>K/(Kc·'C)
6e3
rrYCTOT
30%
rrYCTOT
BOAn
4,18
993
4154
2881
/KeJle3Hb1H
JlOM
0,502
7849
3953
2747
MarneTHT
(Fe
a
04)
0,753
5126
3819
2680
AJlIOMHJlHCBbJH
JlOM
0,962
2723 2613
1809
6elOJI
1,13
2242
2546
1742
KaMeHb
0,879
2723
2412
1675
KlIpnw{
0,837
2242
1876
1340
HaTpHH
(;(0
100°
C)
0,962
945 938
-
BbI60p
H~nJIOaKKYMYJIHpYIOlll,eH
cpeJl,bI
II
COJIIIelIHOro
hOJIJIeKTO-
pa
,ll,OJI)!{eH
npOBO,ll,HTbC5I
O,ll,HOBpeMeIIIIO.
nOlJTH
6e3
HCKJIIOlJellUI5I
Bce
CHCTeMbI
)IUI,ll,KOCrHOro
rHna,
6Y,ll,b
ro
OrKpblTble
(HanpHMep,OI-
creMa
TOiMaCOHa)
HJIH
3aKpbITble
nma
«rpy6a
B
JIHCre»,
Tpe6ylOr
)!{H,ll,KOH
rerrJIOaKKYMYJIHpYIOIll,ei'I
Cpe,ll,b!' B
60JIblllHHCTBe
cHcreM
B03,ll,YllJIHOrO
nma
reIIJIOaKKYMYJIHpYIOIll,aH
cpe,ll,a
cocrOl1r
H3
lHe-
60JIbllIHX
3JIeMeHrOB
-
HaH60JIee
paorrpocrpaHeHHbIMH
5lIBJI51IOTC51
KaMIIH,
He60JIbllHle
(HeCKOJIbKO
Ky6HlJeCKHX
,ll,eIl,HMerpOB)
COCY,ll,bI
c BO,ll,OH
HJIH
3BreKTHlJeCKHe
COJIH
IB
KOHreHHepax,
KOTopble
,ll,alOT
IB03MO)!{HOCTb
B03,ll,YXY
IIpOXO,ll,HTb
BOKpyr
H
Me)!{,ll,Y
HHMH,
nepe,ll,a-
Ba5I
HM
renJIo.
AJIbTepHarHBHbIMH
BapHaHraMH
5IBJI5IIOrC5I
raK)!{C
cHcreMbI,
KOTopble
KOHcrpYKrHIBIHO
COlJeralOr
B
ce6e
COJIHelJHbIH
KOJIJIeKTOp
H
aI<KYMYJI5ITOP
reIIJIa
(CM.
lJaCTb
II
I)
.
AKKYMYJISITOP
,ll,JISI
Mlf,ll,KlfX
ClfCTeM.
CYIll,eCrBeHHbIM
npeHMYIll,e-
crBOM
)!{H,ll,KOCTHbIX
CHcreM,
Ico,ll,ep)!{aIll,ux
6aK-aKKYMYJI5J':'0P
C
BO-
,JI,OH,
5IIBJI5IeTC5I
HX
COBMecrUMocrb
C 'COJIHelJHbIM
OXJIa)!{,ll,eHHe'M.
BoJl,Y
MO)!{HO
HOIIOJIb30Ba
Tb
rrpaKrUlJeCKH
,ll,JI5I
IB'cex
rurrOB
COJIHelJHOrO
ox-
JIa)!{,ll,eHH5I, B
rOM
lJHCJIe ,ll,JI5I HOLJHOrO
pa,ll,HaIl,HOIII-IOrO
OXJIa)!{,ll,e-
HH5I,
BHerrHKOBoro
OXJIa)!{Jl,eHH5I
rrpH
rrOMOIll,H
Hc60JIblllHX
KOMrrpec-
COpOB U Il,HKJIOB
PeHKUHa
II
a6cop61l,HOIHHOro
OX.TTa)!{,ll,eHH5I.
HaH60JIb-
lllH'M
IrrpeHIMYlll,eCrBOM
BO,ll,bI B
l(aLJCCrBe
rerrJIOaKKYMYJIHpYIOlll,ei'I
Cpe,ll,bI 5IBJI51erC51
ee
cpaBimreJIbHO
HH3Ka51
crOHMocrb,
3a
HCKJIlOlJe-
\lmeM
rex
pal10HOB
MUP3,
r,ll,e BO,ll,bI
'MaJIO.
O,ll,rraKO
C BO,ll,Oi'I
CB5I3aIIbI
lIeKOTopbIe
1pY,ll,IIOCrlI,
pcmeIlHC
IWfOPbIX
M())KCT
BbnBarb
ma'lI1-
le.llb'HbIC
3arparb!.
B rrOCJIC,ll,HlIe rOJl,bI
Y,ll,CP)KHB3III1C
OOJIblllHX
061)eMOB
BOJLuI
(or
100
)1.0
350
M:
1
I1a
1
M'
KOJIJICKropa)
,ll,O
IHel(OrOpOH
CTeneIIH
CTaJIO
Inpolll,e
6JIaroJl,ap51
n05IBJIeHHIO
J-IaJl,C)KIIbIX
rH)JpoH30JI5IIl,HOHIlbIX
Ma-
repH3JIOB
H
OOJIblllHX
n.lTaCrIlKOBbIX
JIHCTOB.
PaIIblilc
e,ll,HHCrBeIIHbIM
,COCy,ll,OM
6blJI
6aK
113
OIJ)IIII(OBaIIHOH
CraJIH,
KOTOPbIH
B
KOHelJIIOM
ClJeTe
npOreKaJI.
3aMeHa
KpyrrHblx
6aI(OB,
1(0rOpbIe
06bIlJHO
pa3Me-
Ill,aIOrC51 B
rrOJl,BaJiaX
HJIH
rro,ll,
3eM.lTeH,
5IBJI51erC51
rpy
Jl,HbIM
II
Jl,oporo-
ICT051lll,I1M Jl,eJIOM.
BHe,ll,peHHe
CTeKJIorpyrepoBKII
H
6aKOB
113
CreKJIO-
IBOJIOKHa
ycrpaIIH.lTO
np06JIeMbI
KOPP03HH,
110
YBeJIHIIHJIO
rrepBOHa-
242
lJaJWHble
paCXO,ll,bl
DpHMeIICHHe
6ah013
113
JII1TOro
6eTOHa
,lI,0 He,ll,a13-
Hero
13pCMeHI1 C,lI,ep)KI113aJIOCb TPY,ll,HOCTbtO
11
'CTOI1MOCTblO
06ecnelJP-
I-iHH I1X
,lI,OJIr013peMeHH0I1
repMeTHlJHOCTH;
6eTOH
130,ll,OnpOHHuaeM
H
nO,ll,13ep:rKeH
paCTpeCKH13a'HHIO.
O,ll,IIaKO
60JIbillHe
nJiaCTHKOBble
JIH-
CTbl
HJIH
MelIlKH
MorYT
3aMeIIHTb
C060I1
6eTOI-I;
nJialCTHKOBble
COCY-
,lI,bl
MorYT
IlO,ll,,lI,ep}!{H13aTbCH
JIerJ,HMII
,lI,epe13HHIIbIMH
HJIE
MCTaJIJIWIC-
Cl\HMH
KapKacaMH.
Ha
pHC.
5.83
nOKa3aIIbl
,lI,Ba
crroc06a
xpaHeIIHH
130,ll,bl:
nepBblt'I-
3TO
HaIlOJIHCIIl-IbIH
BO,ll,OH
6eTOI-lllblH
(HJIII
IIlJIaK06JIolJIlbli\)
KOI-lTeil-
Hep;
IBTOPOH -
no
CHCTeMa
,lI,-'Pa
fappH
TOMaCOlHa,
T.
e.
6aK
C 130-
,lI,0
11
,
OKpy:rKCIIHbIH
KaMHHMH.
B
nepBOM
crroc06e
TCrrJIaH
BO,ll,a
H3
6aKa
IlJlpKyJIHpyeT
B 3,l1,aHHe
JIYI60
l-1enOCpe,li,'CT13CHrHO
Llcpe3
pa,ll,l1a<
TOPbI
HJIH
TeIIJIOH3JIyqalOIUHe
IIal-1eJIH,
JIYI60
KOC13eHHO
Llepe3
3Mee13H-
K013ble
TenJIo06MeIIHHKH,
KOTopble
l-Iarpe13aIOT
o6TeKaloIUHH
HX
1303-
)1,yx,
OXJIa:rK,lI,eHHbIH
113
nOMeIUeI-IHH.
3TOT
IlOCJIe,ll,rI-IHH
CIloc06
npHMe-
HHJIH
113
,lI,OMe
IV
npH
MacCaqyceTcKoM
TeXHOJIOmqeCIWM
HHCTI-ITYTe
13
1959
r.
H a
pHC.
5.84
InOKa3aHO
rIIOnepeqIIOe
rceqeHHe
,lI,OMa B
lIlT.
BepMOHT
Ha
Cpe,ll,HCM
3ana,ll,e,
KOTOPbIl1
6bIJI
CIlpoeKTHp013aH
CblO
E3PTOH
TeHI-lep.
CHCTeMa
COJIHeqlHOrO
TenJIOCHa6:rKeI-!lUI,
pa3-
pa60TaI-II-IaH
<lJHpMor"r
«TOTaJi
3J-IBaHpOHMeHTaJi
3KIIlH.»,
HMeeT
13
C130eM COCTa13e
KOJIJIeKTOp
C
OTKpbITbIM
CTOKOM
130)1,b1.
TeIIJI006Mel-I-
HHK
oT6HpaeT
TenJIO
OT
aKKyrMyJIHTOpa
H
nepe,ll,aeT
ero
13
,lI,OM
qepe3
OOJIblllHe
CTeH013ble
H
nOTOJIOqHble
pa)1,HaUHOHI-lble
nal-IeJIH,
n03I130-
JIHH
HCnOJIb3013aTb
130,ll,y Icpa13rHHTeJIbI-lO
HH3KOH
TeMnepaTYPbI.
BTO-
POH
TenJIo06MeHI-lHK
nO,ll,Orpe13aeT
130,ll,y
)1,JIH
X035IHCT13erHHbIX Hy:rK,lI"
nOCTY
l
nalOll1,YIO
13
06bIqHbIH
130,ll,OHarpe13aTeJIb.
AKKYMYJI5ITOP
I13Toporo
THna,
H306pa:rKeHHb1H
Ha
pHC.
5.78,
IIepe,ll,aeT
TCrnJIO Me,ll,JIeHI-IO, HO
IIOCTOHHI-lO OT
6aKa
C 130,ll,OH K
KaMHHM.
OXJIa:rK)1,eHHbIH
13
)1,OMe 1303-
,lI,yx
Me,ll,JIeHI-lO
uHpKyJIHpyeT
13
60JIblIlHX
06beMax
Me:rK,lI,y
rHarpeTbIMH
KaMI-IHMH
H
1303
I
13pall1,aeTC5I
06paTI-I0
13
,lI,OM. B
060HX
CJIyqaHX
caMaH
XOJIO,ll,Ha5I 130,ll,a
Ha
,lI,He
6aKa
nocTynaeT
13
KOJIJIeKTOp
,lI,JIH
IIO,ll,Orpe-
13a, a
3aTeM
130313pall1,aeTCH
13
13epXI-!IOIO
qaCTb
6aKa.
3Ta
HarpeTa5I
13
KOJIJIeKTOpe
130)1,a
HCnOJIb3yeTcH
)1,JIH
OTOIIJIeHHH
)1,OMa.
Pa
r
cnpe)1,eJICHHe
TeMrrrepaTypbI
13IIyTpH
130)1,HHOro
6aKa
nOKa3aI-l0
Ha
pHC.
585
KJIOY30M
[9].
B
6aKe
13bICOTOH 1 M
13
J-IaqaJIe
,lI,H5I
OT-
MelIaeTCH
TeMnepaTypa
MCrI-lee 20° C
13
150
MM
OT ,lI,I-Ia
II
Il01ITH
35°
C
B
125
MM
OT
Bepxa.
K
KOHUY
)1,II5I
3Ta
pa3J-IHua
CTaH013HTC5I J-IeCKOJIb-
KO
MeIIbllle
H COCTaBJI5IeT OKOJIO
8°.
EOJIblllHe
pa3Mcpbl
H
BblCOKaH
CTOHMOCTb
TerlJIoo6MCHJ-IHKOB
MO-
rYT
Bbl313aTb
cepbe3Hbrc
B03pa:rKeIHHH
npOTIIB
If!CnOJIb3013aI-1HH 130,ll,H-
HblX
6aKo13-aKKYMYJI5ITOp013.
25-50
T
KaMHeH
B
CHCTeMe
TOMacoHa,
XOTH H
6y,ll,yllH
,lI,OrrOJIHHTCJIbJ-IbIM
a!{KYMYJI5ITOPOM
TernJIa,
HBJIHIOTCH
13
IIeKoTopoM
ClMblCJIe
qepecqyp
13lIYIIlHTCJIbHbIM
TerlJIo06MeHHHKoM.
Y
THnHqHblX
MeTaJIJIHqeCKHX
TenJIo06MeHIIHKoB,
norpY:rKeHHbIX
13
BO,Tl,y,
06U.UHI
nJIOll1,a)1,b
IlolBepxHocTH
T0rIJIo06Merl-1a
MO:rKeT
COCTaB-
.1HTb
llyTb
JIH
He
O,ll,Hy
TpeTb
OT nJIOll1,a,Tl,H
COJIHeqHOrO
KOJIJIeKTopa.
TerIJIo06MeHHHKH
He06xo,ll,HMbl,
KOr,ll,a 130,ll,y B
6aKe
He1303MQ}KJ-IO
licn0J1b30BaTb
HernOCpe,ll,CT13ClHHO
)1,JIH
,lI,pyr
HX
ueJIeH,
KpOMe
aKKyMy-
243
5
8
2
~;
..
10
~'--------------~
PHC.
583
nBe
CHCTeMbI
aKKYMYJlHpOBaHH5I
TerrJla
BOA5IllOrO
nma.
CJleBa
rrOK33aH
6eTOHHbIH
pe3epByap,
HarrOJlHeHHblH
BOAOI1;
crrpaBa
--
BOA5IIIOH
6aK,
OKPYlKCIIHbIH
KaMllSlMH
1 - K
J{OJIJIeJ{ToPY;
2 -
rll,ll,poll30JlHI1UoHlIaH
OOJlHl10BKa,
3 - K
pa,ll,HaToPY,
4 -
113
J{OJIJIeKTO-
pa,
5 -
CTeHKa
H3
oeToHHbIX
HJIIl
IllJIaKOOeToHIIbIX
OJIOKOB 6 -
OT
pa,ll,HaTOpOB,
7 - BO,ll,a,
8-
KaMIlH
pa3MepoM
70-100
MM
C
B01,ll,YIllHbIMIl
npoMelKYTKaMIl;
9 -
BbmycK
TenJIOrO
B03,ll,yxa;
10
-
BnycJ{
AOJIo,ll,HOrO
B03,ll,yxa;
11
-
oaK
C
BO,ll,oii
PHC.
5 84.
KOJIJleKTO-
pbl
C
HapYlKHblM
CTO-
KOM
BOAbI
H
6aK-aK-
KYMYJI5!TOp
B
AOMe,
lIlT.
BCPMOHT
(npOeKT
apXHT.
CblO
D3PTOH
TeHHep
C
peKOMeHAa-
UH5IMH
qmpMbI
«TOTa.lI
3HBailpOHMeHTaJl
9KIIlH»
)
1 -
KOJIJIeKTOpbl;
2 -
Ten-
JIOOOMellHHKu
IIJIlI
pallua-
I1HOHIIOro
OTorrJIeHHlI
ro-
pll'leii
BOIIOii;
3 -
aKJ{Y-
MYJIH10P
JI5IIum
TeI1Jla.
Hanpl1Mep,
npl1
I1CnOJIb30BalHII1
B
KOJIJICKTOpe
paCT-
BOpa
aHTl1cpPII3a
B
'BO)1,e
OH )1,OJI.tKen npOXO)1,111b
qepe3
TcnJIo06MeH-
HI1K
BO
1136e.tKaHl1e
CMeIllHBaHI15I
ero
C BO)1,0I1 B
6aKe.
KpoMe
Toro,
npH
paCQeTe
TenJIOCHa6.tKeHH5I
3)1,aHH5I
HH.tKeHepbI
no
OTOnJIeHHIO
06bILJHO
Tpe6yIOT,
QT06bI
BO)1,a
H3
6aKa
He
HCTIOJlb30BaJlaCb
B OTOTIH-
TeJllmOH
CI1CTeMe.
3TO
oc06eHllO
nOKa3aTeJlbHO
)1,JI5I
CJIYLJa5I, KOr)1,a
BO)1,a
113
6aKa
!]l1pKyJll1pyeT
LJepe3
KOJlJleKTOp.
OrpaHI1QeHl1e
BbI60pa
MeCTOnOJlO.tKeHI15I
)1,Jl5I
60JIbllll1X
COCY)1,OB
C
BO)1,OH
MO.tKeT
OKa3aTbC5I
BblfO)1,HbIM
)1,J1a
npOeKTl1pOBl!]lIKOB
3,rJ,a-
244
BIIll,
KOTopbIe
He
XOT5IT
JIOMaTb
roJIOBY
Ha,n
TeM,
r,ne
YCTaHOBI1Tb
KpyrrHbIll
npe,nMeT.
O,n:HaKO
,n:JI5I
npOeKTl1pOBIll,l1Ka,
KOTOPbIll
XOqeT
c,n:eJIaTb
TenJIOaKKYMYJI5I'J10P
HeOTbeMJIeMOll
<raCTbIO
Bcero
npoeKTa,
pa3MemeHI1e
T5I:tKeJIOro
11
rpOM03,nKoro
6aKa
MO:tKeT
OKa3a
TbC5I
Tpy,n:HOii
3a,n:aqeii.
ECTeCTBeH'HO,
CaMOCJIHBHbIe
CI1'CTeMbI :tK11,n:KOCT-
HOro
TIlIIa
Tpe6yIOT,
lJT06bI
aKKY'MY,II5ITOP IHaxo,n:HJIC5I III1:tKe ,n:Ha KOJI-
JIeKTOpa;
TepMOCHcpOHIIbIe
CHCTeMbI
Tpe6yIOT,
lJT06bI
OH
Haxo,n:HJICH
BbIIlIe
IBepXHcii
lJaCTH
KOJIJIeKTopa.
ECJIl1
aKKYMYJI5IUHOHIIa5I
CIICTCMa
CB5I3aHa
C
,npyrHM
06opy,n:OBaI-IHeM,
HanpHMep
C
OTOITIlTeJIeM,
Haco-
caMH,
TenJIo06MeHHHKOM
H
6bITOBbIMH
Bo,n:OIIarpeBaTeJI5IMH,
TO
MO-
:tKeT
norpe60BaTbC5I
ee
6JIH3KOe
'pa3MemCtIIile
K
IIHM.
AKKYMYJHITOp
,nJHI
B03,n:YIlIHbIX
ClfCTeM.
113
IIeCKOJIbKilX
TerrJIO-
aKKyMyJIl1pyIOlIJ,I1X
cpe,n:
,n:JI5I
CHCTCM
B03,n:YIlIIIoro
THna,
nQ}l(aJIyli,
HaH60JIcc
H3BCCTIlbIMII
H
ynoTpc6HMbIMH
5IBJI5IIOTC5I
KaMIIH.
XOT5I
npHMCHemle
3Toro
MaTepilaJIa
Ka)I<eTC5I
cpaBHHTeJIbHO
,n:eIlICBbIM
II
JIerKHM
peIlIeIII1eM,
O,ll,HaKO
TaKOll
BbI60p
He
Bcer,ll,a
npaBHJIeH.
HaH-
60JIee
cymecTBeIN-IbIM
npel1MymecTBoM
l(aMHei1
5I
I
BJI5IeTC5I
ilX
IHI13Ka5I
CTOHMOCTb, eCJIH ,n:ei1cTBI1TeJIbHO
KaMHei1
MlHoro.
HarrpHMep,
Ha
60JIbIlIei1
qaCTH
Teppl1TOpHH
HOBOi1
AHrJII1H
e,n:HHCTBeHHbIM BI1,n:OM
KaMHci1
5IBJI5IeTC5I
rpaBIli1
,nHaMeTpoM
25-40
MM.
B
3aBI1CHMOCTH
01'
KOHCTPYKUI1H
11
pa3MepOB
OTceKa
,ll,JI5I
KaMHei1
MoryT
nOTpe6oBaTb-
C5I
I{aMHH
,nl1aMeTpOM
,ll,0
100
MM.
Ha
1 M2
KOJIJIeKTOpa
Tpe6yeTC5I
01'
35
,no
180
Kr
KaMHei1
H3-3a
I1X
MaJIoi1
TenJIOeMKOCTH.
OrpoMHoe
KOJIl1lieCTBO
KaMHeli
YCJIO:tKH5IeT
IIIp06JIeMy
HX
TpaIICnOpTHpoBKH
H
rreperpY3KH,
a
TaK:tKe
Tpe6yeT
OTceKa,
,n:OCTaTOliHoro
rro
pa3Mepy,
6(;
50
20
o
1JOM~
250
260
260
150m1
'-----~L-f-
6
L-
____
-L
__
~
__
~~
____
~
____
~L_
____
~
______
~
500
800
1000
1200
1'100
1600
18
00
8pem
BHfI, 'I
PllC.
585
.
.llHeBHoe
ll3MeHeHHe
TeMlIepaTypbl
BO,ll.bI B
OlIpe,ll.eJIeHHbIX
TOQKaX
BUY-
Tpll
6aKa.
PaCCT05lHll51
IIO
BepTllKaJIlI
Me)K,ll.Y
KpllBbIMll
IIOKa3bIBaiOT
JIllHei'mocTb
llJlH
HeJillHellHOCTb
paClIpe,ll.eJleHH5I
TeMlIepaTypbI
[91
1 -
1I01l0ll{eHIIll
TO'WI{
!l
oaJ(e
245
'lT06bI
'BMeCTlfTb
HX
ITPH
30 %
nycToT
06beM
KaMHeH,
He06xo,.a:HMbIH
,.a:JIH
aKKYMYJIHpOBaHlIH
TOro
.IKe
KOJIH4eCTBa
TenJIa,
'ITO
H
6aK
C
BO-
~OH,
,.a:OJI.lKeH
6bITb
B
,.a:Ba
C nOJIOIBHHOH
pa3a
60JIbllle
50JIblllaH
nepHMeTpaJIbHaH
nJIOIlI,a,.a:b
3THX
OTceKOB-aKKYMYJIH-
TOPOB
BJIe4eT
3a
C060H
60JIee
BbICOKHe
CTpOHTeJIbHbIe
pacxo,.a:bI
H
60JIblllHe
nOTepH
TenJIa
IToTeHUHaJIbHaH
B03MO.IKHOCTb
60JIee
3Ha-
llHTeJIbHbIX
rrOTepb
TerrJIa
H3
60JIblllHX
OTceKOB
C
KaMIIHMH
no
cpaB-
llCHlIIO
C
MCHblllHMH
no
pa3Mepy
BO,.a:HHbIMH
6aKaMH,
TeM
He
MeHee,
KOMneHcHpyeTcH
cpaBHHTeJIbHO
Me,.a:JIeHIIbIM
eCTeCTBeHHbIM
,.a:BH.lKC-
IIHCM
TenJIa
4epe3
KaMHH
B
OTJIH4He
OT
nOCTOHHHoro
,.a:BH.lKeHHH
BO,.a:bI
IBHYTpH
60JIblllOrO
cocy,.a:a
npH
H3MeHCHHH
TeMnepaTypbI
(Ha-
npHMep,
H3-3a
nOTeprI
TCrrJIa)
O,.a:HHM
H3
cepbe3HbIX
OrpaHH'leIIHH
B
OHIOllleIII1H
haMIIeH
51B-
JIHeTC5I He,.a:OCTaT04HOCTb
HX
YHHBepCaJIbHOCTH
KaK
pa604HX
TeJI
,.a:JIH
,.a:pyrHX
ueJIeH
nOMHMO
aKKYMYJIHpOBaHH5I
TerrJIa,
OHH,
HanpHMep,
He
MoryT
CJIY.IKHTb
TenJIOHOCHTeJIeM
,.a:mI
no,.a:orpCBa
BO,.a:bI,
OXJIa.IK-
.rr,eHH5I H ,.a:a.IKe
OTOnJIeHHH
)l{IfJIoro
rrOMemeIIHH
O,.a:HH
H3
IIeMHorHX
H
HaH60JIee
pacnpOCTpaHeHHbIX
crroc060B
npHrOTOBJIeHHH
rop5l4eii
BOAbI
B
3TOM
CJIY4ae
3aKJIl04aeTCH
IB
YCTaHOBKe
He60JIblllOrO
(OT
100
AO 400
AM
3
)
HeH30JIHpOBaHHoro
Bo,.a:5IHOrO
6aKa
Me.IK,.a:y
KaMHHMH.
TerrJIo06Mel-I
nporeKaeT
Me,.a:JIeHHO, HO
npo,.a:OJI)KaerC5I
KpyrJIbIe
CyTKH
MeTo,.a:bI
COJIHe41-IOrO
OXJIa.IKAeHH5I
npHMeHHMbI
TO
r,.a:a , Kor,.a:a
KaM-
HH y,.a:ep.IKHBaIOT
npOXJIa,.a:y
,.a:JI5I
,.a:aJIbHeHlllero
HCnOJIb30BaHHH
3TY
rrpOXJIa,.a:y MO.IKl-IO
nOJIY4HTb
IrrYTeM
UHpKyJIHUHH
XOJIo,.a:Horo
H04Horo
B03,.a:yxa,
B03Ay
xa,
OXJIa.IK,.a:el-IHOrO H041-IOH
pa,.a:HaUHeH,
HJIH
B03,.a:yxa
OXJIa.IK,.a:eHHoro
BHenHKOBbIMH
XOJIO,.a:HJIbHbIMH
KOMnpeccopaMH
KOJIJIeKTOpbI
B03,.a:YlllHoro
THna,
06ecne4HBaIDmHe
TeMnepaTYPbI
,.a:o-
CTaT04HO
BblCOKHe
,.a:JIH
UHKJIOB
OXJIa.IK,.a:eHH5I OT 80
,.a:o
150
0
C,
Ha-
Bp5l,.a:
JIH 6y,.a:yT
pa3pa6aTbIBaTbC5I
060pYAoBaHHe
no
KOH,.a:HUHOHH-
pOBaHHID
B03,.a:yxa,
KOTopoe
COBMeCTHMO
cKopee
C
rOp5l4HM
B03,.a:y-
XOM,
4eM
C
rOp5l'leH
.lKH,.a:KOCTbID B
Ka4eCTBe
HCTOIIHHKa
TenJIa,
B
HaCTOHmee
BpeM5I
He
BblllYCKaeTCH
B03,.a:YlllHbIe
CHCTeMbI
orpaHH4HBaIDT
cnoc06
nepe,.a:a4H
TerrJIa
OKpy}I{aIDIlI,eMY
rrpOCTpaHCTBY
ITOllTH
6e3
HCKJIID4eHH5!
OTOnHTeJIb
HbIe
CHCTeMbI
,.a:OJI.tKHbl
HMeTb
npHIly,.a:HTeJIbHyID
UHpKyJI5!UHID
Ten-
JIoro
B03,.a:yxa
B
OTJIH4He
OT
TeIIJIOaKKYMYJI5ITOPOB
T1ma
Bo,.a:5IHOrO
6aKa,
r,.a:e
MO.IKeT
npHMeHHTbC5!
npHIIy,.a:HTeJIblIa5!
UHpKyJIHUH5!
Ten-
JIOH
IBO,.a:bl
HJIH
TenJIOrO
B03,.a:yxa
O,.a:HaKO,
KaK
paCCMaTpHBaJIOCb
B
4aCTH
III, B03,.a:yx MO.IKeT
UHPKYJIHpOBaTb
llepe3
KaMHH
eCTeCTBeH-
HblM
nyreM,
He
Hy.tK,.a:aHCb B
BeHTHJI5ITOpaX
Ha
PHC
586
nOKa3aH
cBo,.a:4aTbIH
,.a:OM,
cnpoeKTHpoBaFHIbIH
qmp-
MO}l
«ToTaJI
3HBaHpoHMeHTaJI
3KlllH»,
B KOTOPOM
OTceK
C
KaMII5IMI1
pacnOJIO.IKeH
B
npe,.a:eJIax
nOMemelHHH
ITepe,.a:a4a
TenJIa
n3
OTceKa
B
nOMemeHHe
npOHcxo,.a:HT
Me,.a:JIeHHO
nYTeM
eCTeCTBeHIIoii
KOHBeK-
unn
H3
KOMHaTbI
B HH.lKHIDID
4aCTb
OTceKa
H oTTy,.a:a
4epe3
Bepx,
a
npH
He06xo,.a:HMOCTH,
npH
nOMOIlI,H
He60JIblllHX
BcnoMoraTeJIbHbIX
BeHTHJIHTOPOB
(Kynoo6pa3Ha5!
KOHCTPYKUH5!
6hlJIa
Bhl6paHa
3aKa3-
246
I I
C I :
___________
-1
..
-----------=-_
...
PHC
586
B03JlYlUlIhle
KOJJJJeKTOpbI
(paCnOJJOiKeHHbIe
OTJleJJbHo)
Ii
aKKYMYJUlTOp
C TBepJloii 3aCbInKOii
B
KynOJJbHOM
AOMe,
npoeKT
<jJnpMbI
«ToTaJJ JI-IBaiipOHMeHTaJI
3KIJJH»
4
naHCJIH
KOJIJIeKTOpa
B
KOHTeliHep
aKKYMYJI>ITOpa
C
Klipmlqm,IM
liJIli
KaMeHHblM
~e6
neM
C -
nOi\3e\1Hblli
H30JIlIpOBaHllblit
KaHaJI
i\JIH
nOi\a'll!
B03i\yxa
PIIC
587
3aCbInh3
COAepiKama5lCii B
BepnI-
KaJIbllOM I(HJJllHJlpe
113
<jJH6pOKapTolla
PHC
588
Pa3pe3
COJIHelJHOrO
AOMa,
cnpoeK-
THpOBaHHoro
AJHI
l3ocToHa
(npoeKT
<jJHPMhl
«TOTaJI 3HBaflpOnMeIlTaJI
3KlliH»
no
cy6noA-
piIJly
C
<jJHPMOi'1
«AHA
Pucep'!
KopnopeHlllH»)
r381
247
tIHKOM,
a OTJI,eJIblIO
CT05IIlUIH
KOJIJIeKTOp
YKa3bIBaeT
lIa
OrpaHIIlJ:eIIlI5'1
IICnOJIb3QiBaHlI5I
3JI,aHHH JI,JIH LKHJIbIX
ueJIeH).
MeCTOnOJIOLKeHHe
TerrJIOBOrO
aKKYMYJI5ITOpa
C
KaMHHMH
MOLKeT
5IBlITbC5I
cepbe3HbIM
orpamr'IeHIreM
l1X
l1crrOJIb30BaHlIH.
ECJIH
aKKy-
MYJIHTOP
pa3MemaeTC5I
B rrOJI,BaJIe 3JI,aHUH,
TO
paCXOJI,bI
Ha
coopyLKe-
HIre
OTceKa
He06H3aTeJIbilO
JI,OJILKHbI
6bITb
BKJIlOlleHbI
B
06myIO
CTOHMOCTb
CHCTeMbI
COJIHelJ:HOrO
TenJIOCHa6)KeIlIlI5L
OJI,lIaKO
eCJI11
noJI,
aKKYMYM!TOp
OTBOJI,IITC5I rrOJI,BaJI,
npeJI,Ila3HaLJeHlIbI}I
JI,MI
JI,PYfHX
ueJIeH,
IIJIH
iKHJIOe
nOMemeHHe,
TO
CTOHMOCTb
CoopYiKeHIIH
TaKoro
OTceKa
JI,06aBJIHeTC51 K
CTOIIMOCTII
CJlCTeMbl.
I-Ia
pac.
5.87
nOKa3aIJO
aCrrOJIb30BaHIIe
KOHTeHHepa-aKKyMyJIHTOpa
C
3acbIIIKoH
H3
KaMHeH
KaK
LraCTH
apxIITeKTyplIoro
3JICMeHTa
3JI,aHll1H. B )1,OMe ,lJ>KOP)1,LK8
JIecpa
B
,UeHBepe
3TOT
cnoco6
npHMeHell
JI,OBOJlblIO y)1,a
L
IHo.
O,UHaKo
H3-3a
60JIbIIIOrO
Beca
KOHTeHHepoB
HJIH
OTceKOB
,UJI5I
KaMHeH
no,U
HHMII
JI,OJILKIIhI
npeJI,ycMaTpIIBaTbC5I
npoIIHble
CPYII,UaMeHTbI.
I-Ia
plIC.
5.88
rrpe,UCTaBJIeH
pa3pe3
,UOMa B
EocToHe
no
npoeKTY
CPHPMbI
«ToTaJI
3HBa}rpOHMeHTaJI
3KWH»,
BbIllOJIHeHIIOMY
Ha
cpe)1,CT·
Ba
CPHpMbI
«AI1A
PHcepll
KoprropeHwH»
AMepHKaHcKoro
HHcTHTYTa
apxlITeKTopoB
[39J. TIJIoll1,aJI,Ka
JI,JIH
,UOMa
npe,UcTaBJI5IeT
C060H
KPYTOII
ceBepHbIH
CKJIOH
XOJIMa
C
BbICOKHMH
3JI,aHIII5IMH K
lOry.
KOJI-
JIeKTOp
YCTaHaBJIEBaeTC5I
KaK
MOLKHO
BbIIIIe,
IIT06bI
He
nonaCTb
B
TeHb
OT
coce,UHHX
3,UaHHH.
BCJIe)1,CTBlie CBOHX
60JIbWHX
pa3MepOB
11
MaCCbI
TerrJIOaKKYMYJlHPYlOll1,HH
OTceK
C
KaMH5IMH
HaXO,UHTC5I
Ha
HHLKHeM
3TaLKe
3,Zl,aHII5I.
B
npoeKTe
npeJI,YCMaTpIlBaeTC5I
JJ:OBOJIbHO
npOCTOH
cnoc06
ne-
peJI,allH
TenJIa
K
OTceKY
II
OT
Hero.
I-Ia
pHC.
5.89,
r,Ue
nOKa3aHa
cxeMa
COJIHellHOH
CIHCTeMbI,
TenJIbIH
B03)1,YX
H3
KOJIJIeKTOpa
nocTynaeT
B
BepxHlO1O
llaCTb
OTceKa.
OH
3aT5IrIIBaeTC5I
BHYTPb,
BbIXO,UHT
CHH3Y
H
nocTynaeT
06paTHo
B
KOJIJIeKTOp.
,UJI51
060rpeBa
)1,OMa
npOXJIa,UHblfi
B03)1,yX
nocTynaeT
B HHiKHlO1O
llaCTb
OTceKa
II
H3.rpeBaeTcH
no
Mepe
1l0JI,'beMa
Me)K,Uy
KaMH5IMH.
CaMbI~
TerrJIble
KaMHE
HaBepxy
Harpe-
salOT
B03)1,YX
)1,0
HaH60JIbWeD:
CTerremr.
I-Ia
pHcyHKe
TaKLKe
nOKa3a-
HbI
UHKJI
OTOrrJIeHH5I
Ha
LKH)1,KOM
TonJIHBe,
B KOTOPOM
KOMHaTHbli1
B03)1,YX 06XO)1,HT
OTceK
C
KaMH5IMH.
06bILJHO
aKKYMYJI5ITOPHbID:
OTceK
He
)1,OJILKeH
HanpeBaTbC5I
OTOIIIITeJIeM,
3a
HCKJIlOll€'HIHeM
CJIYllaeB,
KOr)1,a
OH
pacnOJIaraeTC5I
BHyTpH
LKIIJIOrO nOMell1,eHH5I.
O)1,lIa
H3
Ba)KlIbIX
npHLJHH
Toro,
qTO
TeTlJIbliI
B03,n:yX
nO)1,aeTCH
H3
KOJIJleKTOpa
B
BepXIIIOIO
qaCrb
OTceKa,
3aKJIlOllaeTC5I
B
CTpeMJICIIHl1
o6ecrre
L
lHTb
TeMrrepaTypHYIO
CTpaTHcpIIKaU!HIO.
9TO
)1,aeT
B03MOLK-
HOCTb
HarpeBaTb
KOMHaTHblrr
B03)1,YX)1,0
HaliBbICllleil
B03MO)I{HOH
TevmepaTypbI
npH
rrOMoru.H
caMbIX
TeTIJIhIX
KaMHeH,
HaXO)1,HmHXC5I B
BepXHeH
lJ:aCTH
OTceKa.
ECJIH
TenJIbliI
B03)1,YX 6Y)1,eT
IIocTynaTb
qepe3
HH3
OTceKa,
)1,a)I{e
6e3
rrepeMell1,elIHH
BJlyTpH
Hero,
TO
TenJIO
1I3
HIILK-
HeH
LlaCTl!
pacrrpe,UeJlIITCH
paBHOMepHO
no
BceMY
OTceKY,
QTO
BbI30-
BeT
B
He\1
o6ru.ee
nOHH)J(eHlIe
TeMTIepaTypbI.
TIo)1,alJ:a
KOMHaTHoro
B03)1,yxa
B
TO
.IKe MeCTO,
LITO
II
TeIIJIOro
B03)1,yxa
H3
KOJIJICKTOpa,
6Y)1,eT
cIIoc06cTBOBaTb
STOMY
BblpaBHIIIBaHHIO
TerIJIa
no
OTceKY,
a
He
HarpeBY
B03)1,yxa
B Il,eJI5IX OTOrrJIeHH5I 3)1,aHH5I.
248
PRC.
5 89
CxeMa
CRCTeMbI COJIHe'IHOrO
TemIOcHa6lKeHRlI
JI:JIR
,nOMa
B
DOCTOHe
[381
A -
pelKUM
nor
JIOll\eHHl!
COJlHeqllofi
9Hep-
rUII
B03AYX
nocTynaeT
qepe3
AIIO
KOJlJleK-
Topa
H
BblAOAHT
qepe3
Bepx
HarpeTbIfi
B03-
p,yx
nO.ll.ae1Cll
BIIlI3.
npOXOAl!
'Jepe3
aKJ<YMY-
Jl5ITOP C J{<tMH51MII H
IIarpeBa
era,
H
B03Bpa..,
maeTCl'
oCipaTIlo
II
KOJlJleI<TOP. B -
pelKHM
OTOnJleHIIH
nOMell\errIlH
B03.l1.YX
3acaCblBa-
eTC5I H'3
)J{lIJIOrO
nOMel.I..{eHH51 H
nOcTynaeT
B
lIH)J(1l1010
'lIaCTb
al",KYMYJ151Topa
nPIl
npo..,
XQ)I{}J.eIIHH
t.ICPC'3
KaMIIlI
Oll
HarpeBaeTC5I
H
nocTynaeT
oopaTIIO
II
JKIIJIOe
nOMell\ellIle;
C -
peJKUM
Ay6J1HPYIOll\eIO
OTOnJlCIIHH
OTO-
nfITeJIb
pa60TdIOll~HH
lIa
A{H,D,KOM
TOllJIHBe.
IIarpeBaeT
B03AYX.
nocTynalOll\I1H
U3
lKlIJlOrO
nOMell\ellIIfI
'lepC1
lIPHTO'lIlYIO
l(aMepy
B
l!l!}KIIeli
'IaCTH
aKKYMYJlH10pa.
lIar
neTbIfi
B03AY"
lIQCTVl1aeT
B
lKllJlOe
110Mell\eUlIe
'Ie-
pe3
nep\.IHOfO
Ka'Iepy
aKhYMYJlllTopa.
D-
6aK
AJI>!
npHrOTOBJleUHH
rOllfl'leH
BOAhI
Ha-
XOAHTC5I
BaYTpu
TerrJlOaKKYMYJlHPYIOll\efi
epeAbI.
KOTopafl
HrpaeT
POJlb
HJlll
HarpeBa-
TeJlll.
HJlH
nop,orpCBaTeJHI
B
aaBHCllMOCTll
OT
YPOBlIll
TeMnepaTYPbI
aKKYMYJl5ITOpa
Ha
pHC.
5.90 rrpHBe,ll..eHbI
TeMrrepaTypHbIe
KpHBbIe
,lI..JI5I
O,ll..HorO
II3
TerrJIOaKKYMYJIIIPYIOW;HX
UHJIHH,lI..POB B
,lI..OMe
,lI..-pa
JIecpa
B TeIJ:eHHe
CYTOK.
CTpanlcplIKaUlI5I
MOrJIa
ObI
ObITb
OOJIee
3aMeTHOll,
eCJIIr ObI
B03,l1..YX rrO,ll..aBaJIC5I IJ:epe3
Bepx,
a BbIXO,ll..HJI IJ:epe3
HIl3
UHJIIIH,lI..pa.
Bo
BC5IKOM
cJIyqae
rreperra,ll..
TeMrrepaTYlp
B TeIJ:eHIIIe CYTOK COCTaBJI5IeT
HeCKOJIbKO
60JIee
20°.
<PopMa
OTceKa
aKKYMYJI5ITOpa
IIMeeT
oc060e
3HaqeHIle
npIl
IIC-
rrOJIb30BaHHI!
KaMHeH
R
KaqeCTBe
TerrJIOaKKYMYJIIlpYIOw;ell
Cpe,ll..bI.
Bo06w;e,
qeM
60JIbillC
paCCT05IHlIe,
KOTopoe
B03,l1..YXY
Tpe6yeTcH
npOHTH
qepe3
KaMHII,
TCM
60JIblle
,lI..OJI}KeH
ObITb
,lI..HaMeTp
KaMHeil
,lI..JI5I
YMeHbilleHIl5I
rreperra,ll..a ,lI..aBJIeHIl5l H
CHII}KeHH5I
He06xo,ll..HMOA
MOW;HOCTl1
BeHTHJI5ITOpa.
HanplHMep,
eCJIR
OTceK
npenCTaBJI5IeT
C060H
BbICOKI1H UHJIIIH,lI..p
(CM.
pIlC
5.87),
TO
Tpe6YIOTC51
KaMHH
60JIbillOrO
nHaMel'pa.
ECJIfi
BbICOTa
UIlJIHH,lI..pa
60JIee
2,5
M,
TO
pa3-
Mep
KaMHeH
,lI..OJI}KeH
ObITb
no
KpallHei'!
Mepe
50
MM
B
,lI..IIaMeTpe;
,lI..JI51
60JICC
BbICOKHX
UI!JIHH,lI..POB
pa3Mep
KaMHeH
,lI..OJI}KeIl
6bITL
ew;e
60JIbille.
,U.1J5I
npII3eMIIcTbIX,
ropII30HTaJIbHbIX
01
ceKOB,
KOTopble
OObIlIllO
YCTaHaBJIHBaIOTC5I
B nO,ll..BaJIaX,
MO}KeT
rrO,ll..OHllii
rpaBHi'!
,lI..Ha-
MeTpoM
25-50
MM
(Pllc.
5.91).
npe,ll..JIaraeMbIe
Bblwe
pa3MepbI
B
60JIblleH
CTeneHH
3aBHC51T
aT
CKOPOCTH rrpOXO,ll..51w;ero
llepC3
KaMHR
B03,l1..yxa.
4eM
MeHbwe
CKO-
POCTb
B03,l1..yxa,
TeM
MeJIbqe
,lI..OJI}KHbI
ObITb
KaMHIl
H
TeM
TOJIw;e
IlX
CJIOH.
no
CyTIl
,lI..eJIa,
YBeJIllqeHHe
rreperra,ll..a ,lI..aBJIeHH5I
rrpOxo,ll..5Iw;ero
qepe3
KaMHH
B03,l1..ywHoro
nOTOKa
rrp51MO
nponopUHOHaJIbHO
YBeJIH-
qeHHlo
CKOPOCTH B03,l1..yxa.
Pa3YMeeTC5I,
qeM
MeHblle
KaMHH
B
rrorre-
249
N
SO
"
a)
L
700
1700
270{}
3700
1f7(JO
/'1acca
Kal1H8U
8
OilHOM
11.3
u,UJTUHdp08
aKK,:/MyJTflmOpa
~~
"1o;-----k---:-:-;-:-:-~~~~
__
'1
:Er!
}(f,·L-
2
l'}if~t.ici·\
Pnc.
5.90.
TeMrrepaTYPHble
KpnBble
AJI5!
aKKYMYJInpYIOIUero
YCTpoHcTBa
C YUJIOTHeHHbIM CJIOeM
KaMHefi,
Kr,
CHCTeMbI
,UMoPAMa
JIecjJa
[171
PHe.
5.91. B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT
cjJop-
MbI
OTceKa
H TOJIIUHHbI CJI05!,
'Iepe3
KOTOPbIH rrpOXOAHT
B03AYX,
AJI5!
aK-
KYMYJi5!TOpa COJIHe'IHOro
TeUJia
nc-
IIOJIb3YlOTCH
KaMHH
pa3HbIX
pa3Me-
pOB
a -
BepTHI<aJIbHbIH
QTCeK; 1 -
TeIIJIhIlr
B03AYX
H3
KOJlJleKTOpa;
2 -
pa3Mep
KaM-
Heil
B
rrOrrepeQHUKe
50-100
MM:
3 - xo-
JlOAHhlj\
B0311.YX K
KOJlJleKTOPY;
6 -
ro-
PH30HTaJIbHbIH
OTceK;
4 -
rpaBHit
B
rro-
nepeQRHKe
25
-
50
MM;
5 -
TellJlblil
B03-
AYX
K
AOMY;
6 -
XOJlOAHhli\
B0311.YX
H3
.uO\HI
.".
pe1.JHIHKe,
TeM
60JIbWe
CYMMaptIa>!
TIJIOl11.a.l1,b
TIOBepXHOCTH
KaMHeii,
KOTOpa>!
rrOJIT{aeT
TeIlJIO
OT
B03.D:yxa.
HarrpHMep,
30
.l1,M
3
KaMHerr
.D:HaMeTpOM 25
MM
HMelOT
rrJIOw;a.l1,b
rrOBepXfWCT!1
OKOJIO 3,7 M2, a TOT
)Ke
06'heM
KaMHerr
]:(JIaMeTpOM
75
MM
I1MCeT
BTrOe
MeHbwyro
rro-
BepxHocTb.