Алиев Т.И. Сети ЭВМ и телекоммуникации

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123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

191

FCFADBDC 5 9695C9 5D7#)9955 B9747, B67#7C5

F54C 9" B974.

.CBE5DA 97 5E5 65BD8  D95BD F 7 56C, D767A

67C4897A BBDCE7 F5 54ACD BD5D8 5BD7D595 F5DA#C99C BCD.

076E 57 5E, 5B959C 579C9A 4A 5955 BCEC9D7 123

Ethernet  B55DCDBD B5 BFC!67!C" 10Base-5 ECD :

• E76BE74897A 497 BCEC9D7 (7BBD5A9C EC# 67"9E

 47E) – 500 E;

• E9E74895C 7BBD5A9C EC# D79BC7E – 2,5 E;

• E76BE74895C B45  45 (D79BC5) 97 BCEC9DC – 100;

• E76BE74897A 497 D79BC955 67C4A – 50 E.

3D797D 10Base-5 5FB67CD F5BD5C9C E955BCEC9D9 BCDC" B

BF548 579CE F5D5DC4C". .7 B.3.12 F567 797 BCEC9D97A BCD8.

76BE74895C 654CBD5 BCEC9D5  BCD, 5FB67CE5C BD797D5E,

795 5. $D5 579C9C 5B454C95 DCE, D5 F5D5DC4 D54865

B47D B974, 9C 5BBD79747A  5E, D5 F 5485E

654CBDC BCEC9D5  BCD E5#CD FCBD 6 F5A4C9 97DC48955

F5!C9D7 556.

% F5BD5C9 E955BCEC9D95" BCD 9C55E5 D7D8

B4CC 579C9A (B.3.13):

• BCD8 E5#CD B5BD5AD8  5 BCEC9D5, B5C9C99 CC

F5D5DC4;

•  D) BCEC9D7 E5#95 F5647D8 6 67C4 5 100  45; 7

 BCEC9D7 BF548 DBA D54865 4A C4C9A 5C"

F5DA#C995BD BCD;

3.11

…

079BC9"

67C48

(5 50 E)

7BD7489" 67C48

(5 500 E)

079BC

min =2,5 E

3CDC5" 77FDC

3.12

56%

…

3CEC9D 1

3CEC9D 2

…

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

192

• F5D5DC48 7BBE7D7CDBA 676 BFC!7489"  C4,

F564C99" 6 BCD, F5D5E  !C9D74895E BCEC9DC B EA

F5D5DC4AE 5FB67CDBA ECD8 D54865 98 BD79!".

37E486 F5BD5C9A E955BCEC9D95" BCD B D76E 579C9AE

F5445 97 79C «5-4-3», 5 977CC 5 BCEC9D5 B5C9ADBA B

F5E58 4- F5D5DC4C", F)E 97#C99E A4ADBA D54865 3

BCEC9D7.

076E 57 5E, 597 BCD8 Ethernet 10Base-5:

• E5#CD B5C#7D8 9C 54CC 296  45 (75 BD79!");

• ECD8 7ECD (E76BE7489 49 67C4A) – 9C 54CC 2,5 6E.

3.2.2.2. EFADD6D 10Base-2

10Base-2 – BD797D  CB655 59A, DC#C99" 65EDCD5E

IEEE 802.3, 5FB7" 75D BCD Ethernet 97 D5965E 6576B74895E

67C4C (thin Ethernet – 56A4C Ethernet, 97C C) 97 7CE" Cheapernet

– 22EBC Ethernet).

3547B95 D5" BFC!67! A26F546 4F6896E7A42 65E66E 

376#4 57A 4!. 3D79! F5647DBA 9CF5BCBDC995 6 5B9595"

E7BD74 CC 0-57 9C BNC-7 'CE (B.3.14). 076E 57 5E,

D596" 6576B7489" 67C48 F55D

CC BCDCC 77FDC BC BD79!". 2

5BD74895E, F9!F  F747 F5BD5C9A

595-  E955BCEC9D9 123 97 D5965E 

D54BD5E 6576B74895E 67C4C 797459.

+D4C – D54865  579C9A 97 7 EC

BCD  654CBD5 BD79!".

+B959C 579C9A 4A 123 Ethernet  B55DCDBD B5

BFC!67!C" 10Base-2 ECD :

• E76BE74897A 497 BCEC9D7 (7BBD5A9C EC# 67"9E

 47E) – 185 E;

• E76BE74895C B45  45 97 BCEC9DC – 30;

• E9E74895C 7BBD5A9C EC#  47E – 1 E;

• E955BCEC9D97A BCD8 BD5DBA F5 F74 «5-4-3»: E76BE74895 5

BCEC9D5, 4 F5D5DC4A, F)E 97#C99E A4ADBA 3 BCEC9D7;

•  67#5E  D) (BC9"  7 67"9) BCEC9D5 E5#95

F5647D8 6 67C4 5 30  45 (B.3.15);

3.14

…

BNC-7 'CE

1

2

3

4

1 …

1 … 98

1 … 99

500 E

5*500 E = 2500 E

3.13

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

193

• 7  BCEC9D7 BF548 DBA D54865 4A C4C9A 5C"

F5DA#C995BD BCD, 6 9E 9C48 A F5B5C9AD8 BD79!;

• F5D5DC48 7BBE7D7CDBA 676 BFC!7489"  C4,

F564C99" 6 BCD, F5D5E  BCD B EA F5D5DC4AE 5FB67CDBA

ECD8 D54865 28 BD79!".

076E 57 5E, 597 BCD8 Ethernet 10Base-2:

4 E5#CD B5C#7D8 9C 54CC 86  45;

4 ECD8 7ECD (E76BE7489 49 67C4A) – 9C 54CC 925 E.

3.2.2.3. EFADD6D 10Base-

3FC!67!A 10Base-T, 574C997A 6 BD797D 802.3  659!C 1991

57, 5FB7CD BCD8 Ethernet B D5F545C" DF7 " C 7"  67C4895"

BBDCE5" 97 5B95C A2$37A436E7AA6C E456C F73B. 3547B95

BFC!67! 10Base-T BCEC9D5E BCD A4ACDBA 67C48, B5C9A"

75 BD79!  659!C9D7D5. $D5 5 977CD, D5 6 67#5E BCEC9D

E5#CD D8 F564C95 48 7 BD5"BD7: BD79!A  659!C9D7D5

(B.3.16), 7 654CBD5 BCEC9D5 795 654CBD F564)99 6

659!C9D7D5 BD79!".

+9765 9#C F 7BBE5DC9

E955BCEC9D9 BCDC" 4A BD79C9A

9C595 9795BD F5 BCEC9D5E BCD Ethernet

10Base-T CE F59E7D8 659!C9D7D5 B5 BCE

F564)99E 6 9CE BD79!AE, D5 CBD8 BCD8,

F567 799 97 B.3.16, CE B4595 BD7D8

595BCEC9D95" BCD8. 955BCEC9D97A BCD8

CD FCBD74AD8 B55" 5'C9C9C

9CB65486 659!C9D7D55 B F564)99E 6

9E BD79!AE (B.3.17).

&59!C9D7D5

7D5

...

3.16

3CEC9D

&59!C9D7D5 1

&59!C9D7D5 2

… …

3.17

5 100 E

1

2

3

4

1 … 29

1 … 28

1 … 29

185 E

5*185 E = 925 E

3.15

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

194

2 5D4C 5D 7BBE5DC99 C BFC!67!" 10Base-5  10Base-

2, F F5BD5C9 E955BCEC9D95" BCD Ethernet 10Base-T ECBD5 F747

«5-4-3» BF548 CDBA F745 «4- 75», 65D55C 47BD, D5 EC#

4E EA BD79!AE  BCD 54#95 D8 9C 54CC 4-

659!C9D7D55 (75).

+B959C 579C9A 4A 123 Ethernet  B55DCDBD B5

BFC!67!C" 10Base-0 ECD :

• E76BE74897A 497 67C4A (EC# 659!C9D7D55E  75C"

BD79!C" 4 EC# EA 659!C9D7D57E) – 100 E (B.3.17);

• B45 659!C9D7D55 EC# 4E BD79!AE – 9C 54CC 4;

• E76BE7489" 7ECD BCD – 500 E (B.3.18);

• E76BE74895C 654CBD5 BD79!"  BCD – 1024.

+DECDE, D5 E76BE74895C 654CBD5 BD79!"  123 Ethernet,

795C1024, E5#CD D8 5BD9D5 D54865 4A BFC!67! 10Base-0 7

B)D FEC9C9A 32- F5D5 659!C9D7D55 (B.3.19). 2 D5 #C CEA

4A BCDC", F5BD5C99 97 6576B74895E 67C4C (10Base-5  10Base-2), D5

97C9C 9C 5BD#E5.

54757A EC98C" BD5E5BD 67C4895" BBDCE  5 E5#95BD

F5BD5C9A BCDC" B E76BE74895 5FBDEE 654CBD5E BD79!", BCD

10Base-0 F544 5E9CC F545#C9C 97 96C  F76DCB6

F5495BD8 DCB94 BCD, F5BD5C99C 97 6576B74895E 67C4C.

3.2.2.4. EFADD6D 10Base-F

10Base-F – B556F95BD8 BD797D5  CB655 59A,

5FB7 75D BCD Ethernet 97 54565995-5FDCB65E 67C4C B

100 E

5*100 E = 500 E

3.18

&59!C9D7D5 32

&59!C9D7D5 2

…

&59!C9D7D5 1

…

3.19

&59!C9D7D5 0

…

993

…

1024

…

32*32=1024

…

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

195

F5FB695" BF5B595BD8 10 D/B. 2 67CBDC BC FCC7 799 

5FD554565995" BCD Ethernet BF548 CDBA E955E55" 54565995-

5FDCB6" 67C48 (2+&).

3D6D97A 579 7!A BCD 7974597 BD797D 10Base-T:

BCDCC 77FDC 75 BD79!" B5C9ADBA B E955F5D5E

F5D5DC4CE (659!C9D7D55E) B F5E58 2+&  57 D  CB6

D5F545 « C 7».

10Base-F 647D  BCA B4CC BD797D.

1. 242 FOIRL (Fiber Optic Inter-Repeater Link):

• 497 5FD5545659955 67C4A EC# F5D5DC4AE – 5 1 6E;

• E76BE74895C B45 F5D5DC4C" – 4;

• E76BE7489" 7ECD BCD – 2500 E.

2. 242 10Base-FL (Fiber Link)– 4C99" 779D BD797D7

FOIRL, 7647"BA  C4C9 E595BD FCC7D65, 7 B)D

C5 E76BE74895C 7BBD5A9C EC#  45E  F5D5DC4CE E5#CD

5BD7D8 2000 E, F D5E:

• E76BE74895C B45 F5D5DC4C" – 4;

• E76BE7489" 7ECD BCD – 2500 E.

3. 242 10Base-FB (Fiber Backbone) FC97 97C9 D54865 4A

5'C9C9A F5D5DC4C"  E7BD748, F D5E:

• EC#  47E BCD E5#95 BD795D8 5 5 F5D5DC4C" BD797D7

10Base-FB;

• E76BE74897A 497 5955 BCEC9D7 – 2000 E;

• E76BE7489" 7ECD BCD – 2740 E.

2 5D4C 5D 79CC 7BBE5DC99 BCDC", F5D5DC4,

BF548 CEC  123 Ethernet 10Base-FB, F 5DBDBD 675 4A

FCC7 5EC97DBA BFC!7489E F5B4C57DC4895BDAE B9745,

D5 F5 54ACD F5BD5A995 F5C#7D8 B959 7!  BCD. %5D5E

123, F5BD5C99 F5 BD797D 10Base-FB, 97 7D «B9599"

Ethernet». 54757A EC98E 7C#67E F FCC7C 799  5955

BCEC9D7  5", 654CBD5 F5D5DC4C" C4C95 5 5.

2 D74.3.2 BCC9 5B959C F77ECD BD797D5 5FDCB6

BCDC" Ethernet 10Base-F.

1784 7 3.2

242

FOIRL 10Base-FL 10Base-FB

86+56%2# /5%

59C

FCC7D6

*4A B5C9C9A

F5D5DC4C"

12#5 5-4 362

1000 E 2000 E 2000 E

6 *565)

4 4 5

325 5

2500 E 2500 E 2740 E

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

196

3.2.3. $27278 3967 DEF Ethernet

3D797D 123 Ethernet 679748955 59A IEEE 802.3 5FB7CD

5E7D BF548 CE  BCD 675  ECD5 5BDF7 6 BCC FCC7

799 CSMA/CD.

2 F5!CBBC 54! BCDC" Ethernet F5A4B8 4 DF7 675:

• Ethernet II 4 Ethernet DIX, FC45#C99" E7E DEC, Intel 

Xerox (DIX);

•

Raw 802.3 4 802.3/Novell, F5A"BA  C 48D7DC B4"

65EF79 Novell F5 B5 79 B5C5 BDC67 F5D56545  BCDA Ethernet;

•

802.3/LLC 4 802.3/802.2, F5A"BA 676 C 48D7D 7 C4C9A

96!" 679748955 59A 97 F559

MAC  LLC;

• Ethernet SNAP, F5A4C9C 65D555 45  795

9C55E5BD8

FCC9A FC 5E7D5 675 6 5CE

BD797D.

3.2.3.1. 625 Ethernet II (Ethernet DIX)

3D797D Ethernet II 4 7 75D79 E7E DEC, Intel  Xerox

(DIX)  B 9C548E  EC9C9AE F9AD  1982 5.

/5E7D 677 Ethernet II FCBD74C9 97 B.3.20.

 – F454 (8 7"D):

• BF548 CDBA 4A B959 7! BD79!" BCD;

• B5C#D 65 10101010  FC BCE 7"D7  65 10101011 

F5B4C9CE 7"DC.

AC – 4FD 74 74BF7C8 (6 7"D):

• 497 F54A B5BD74ACD 6 7"D, 95 E5#CD D8 2 7"D7, CB4 7CB

BD7954C9 7E9BD7D55E 123 D54865 4A 9DC99C5 F548 579A;

• BD7" (B7E" FC") D  F54C 7CB7 (B.3.21) 67 7CD

54F 7327 (I/G – Individual/Group):

4 0 – 7CB 97 97C9A A4ACDBA 44 26%, D.C. 67

FC97 97C9 6596CD95" 75C" BD79!;  5BD7489

7 A7 F54A 7CB7 97 97C9A 67 7CDBA 967489"

 CB6" 7CB ((3-7CB) 6596CD95" 75C" BD79!;

4 1 – 7CB 97 97C9A A4ACDBA  **, D.C. 67

FC97 97C9 FFC 75 BD79!" (D57  F5B4C

7 A7 67 7CDBA 7CB 6596CD95" FF 75

BD79!"), 4 1!5.256%, CB4 BC 5BD7489C

7 A 79 1, D5 CBD8 67 7CB579 BCE 75E

BD79!AE  123;



A

6 6

7"D

3.20

*

325

9

2 46-1500 4

Min = 64

7"D

Max = 1518

7"D

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

197

• D55" D  F54C 7CB7 67 7CD F66 A7A7#2A4! 7327 (U/L

– Universal/Local):

4 0 – 7CB A4ACDBA 526%  CB6E 7CB5E 

123, D.C. 7CB BCDC55 77FDC7 97 97C9 2A537846E7AA6

65EDCD5E IEEE, 65D5" 7BFCC4ACD EC#

F5 5DC4AE BCDC 77FDC5 D76 97 7CEC

579 7!5995 967489C C9D67D5 (Organizationally

Unique Identifier, OUI), 7 EC7CEC  FC DC 7"D7

7CB7, 7  B4C DC 7"D7 F5EC7CDBA 95EC BCDC55

77FDC7, FB77CE" F5 5DC4CE (B.3.21);

4 1 – 7CB 6!26%), D.C. 97 97C9 7E9BD7D55E 123 

BF548 CDBA D54865  FCC47 D5" BCD.

A – 4FD CDE2B7C34 (6 7"D):

• 497 F54A B5BD74ACD 6 7"D, 95, 676  7CB 97 97C9A, E5#CD

ECD8 49 2 7"D7;

• BD7" D FC55 7"D7 (F54A I/G) BC7 7C9 0;

• 9C E5#CD B5C#7D8 565C7DC489" 7CB:

FF-FF-FF-FF-FF-FF.

* – EC 2E23254 (2 7"D7):

• C9D!CD DF F5D56547 54CC B5655 59A,

BF548 CE55 4A C5 FCC7 4 FCE7,  F5 54AC5 E95#CBD

F5D56545 B5655 59A 7 C4AD8 123 C 9679A  B5C#E5C

675  7;

• FEC 97C9" F54A «DF», C9D! 7 49C

F5D5654:

4 IP (Internet Protocol) 0800

4 ARP (Adress Resolution Protocol) 0806

4 Reverse ARP 8035

4 Apple Talk 809B

4 NetWare IPX/SPX 8137

( CB8 9C6B

– 5 977CD CBD97!7DC95C B45).

325 – 25F 477A (46-1500 7"D):

• E5#CD ECD8 49 5D 46 5 1500 7"D.

9 – 327E256748 D4:

• B5C#D 65756 4B56#A6C 484#26C B (Cyclic

Redundancy Checksum – CRC), B4C995" B F5E58 F5495E5 DF7

CRC-32 4A BC F54C" 677: AC+A+*+325 (C FC7E4).

076E 57 5E, 4A4789A7! 84A7 677 Ethernet (C FC7E4)

64 7"D7, 7 74789A7! – 1518 7"D5.

3 7"D7

3.21

D

3 7"D7

1 2 3 ... 24

25 ... 48

I/G

U/L

OUI

.5EC 3(

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

198

3.2.3.2. 625 Raw 802.3 (IEEE 802.3/Novell)

2 5B95 BD797D7 IEEE 802.3 4 F545#C9 67

Raw 802.3,

FC45#C99" E5"

Novell  97 7CE" D76#C 675E 802.3/Novell,

5E7D 65D555 F567 79 97 B.3.22.

+B959C 5D4A D55 677 5D 677 Ethernet II 7647DBA 

B4CCE:

1)  5B8E7"D555 F54A FC7E4 , 65D55C BD745 495" 7

7"D, C4C95 5957"D55C F54C C8 – «.77489" 579DC48

677», 65D55C B5C#D 65 10101011, 67 7" 97 97745 677;

2) ECBD5 F54A «0F F5D56547» F5A45B8 7"D55C F54C 3 –

«*497», 65D55C 5FCC4ACD 49 F54A 799  67C; 5DBDBDC F54A

«0F F5D56547» 5B454C95 DCE, D5 67 802.3/Novell B55DCDBDCD

D54865 F5D5654 IPX/SPX  48 D5D F5D5654 E5#CD 75D7D8 B 9E;

3) F682 7AABD 6%25 623%759 65 0 6 1500 7C5, 95 CB4 497

F54A EC98C 46 7"D, D5 BF548 CDBA 5F549DC4895C F54C C –

«.767», B F5E58 65D555 67 5F549ACDBA 5 E9E74895

5FBDE55 97C9A  46 7"D, CB4 F54C 799 EC98C 46 7"D.

076E 57 5E, 497 677 975DBA  7F7 59C 5D 64 5 1518

7"D, 9C BD7A FC7E4  F 9767 97747 677. 27#95" 5B5C995BD8

BD797D7 IEEE 802.3 A4ACDBA E66%A659 F2327#4 F3487AB

F36 26 7AABD 84A6C 2A22 46 7C56E, 4757A D5E, D5 67

7D5E7DCB6 5F549ACDBA 5 9#955 7 EC7 FBDE BE547E 

F54C «.767». 2 BD797DC Ethernet II D76C BD7! 7BBE7D7DBA

676 559C.

3.2.3.3. 625 802.3/LLC (625 802.3/802.2)

&7

802.3/LLC (802.3/802.2) B5C#D DC #C F54A, D5  Raw 802.3

(B.3.23). +D4C B5BD5D 48  D5E, D5  F54C 799 BD74ACDBA

F76CD F559A F74C9A 45CB6E B5C9C9CE LLC (C 799

475), B5C#7"  67CBDC 754567 D 5957"D5 F54A:

• DSAP (Destination Service Access Point) – 56#7 65F7  87

F68#7528! (1 7"D) 5FCC4ACD DF F5D56547 C9C5 (BCDC55) 59A

F547DC4A 677;

• SSAP (Source Service Access Point) – 56#7 65F7  87

456#A47 (1 7"D) 5FCC4ACD DF F5D56547 C9C5 (BCDC55) 59A

BD5967 677;

• 4 – F37E82A42 (1 4 2 7"D7) – B5C#D 95E7! 4A

F74C9A 59E  DC BCB5, FC5BD74ACE F559CE LLC;

97FEC, 97C9C 03

B55DCDBDCD 9C9EC57995E 5E7D 



AC A

7"D

3.22

3 325

1500) (46



9

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

199

BD797DC Ethernet 802.2, 67 7CE, D5 F55C98 LLC

5CBFC7CD 5B4#79C C BD7954C9A 45CB655 B5C9C9A.

%54A DSAP, SSAP  4 57 D 7686E6 F7257 LLC.

076 676 F54C «-F74C9C» F76CD7 LLC ECCD 49 1 ( C#EC

LLC1) 4 2 7"D7 ( C#EC LLC2), D5 E76BE7489" 7 EC F54A 799

EC987CDBA 5 1497 4 1496 7"D B55DCDBDC995.

3.2.3.4. 625 Ethernet SNAP

&7 Ethernet SNAP (SNAP – SubNetwork Access Protocol), F5D5654

5BDF7 6 F5BCDAE) FC97 97C9 4A BD79C9A 7 9557 A 

5E7D7 675   65567 DF5 F5D56545, B55C9A 65D5

45#C9  F54C 799 675 Ethernet.

3D6D7 677 SNAP A4ACDBA 7 DCE BD6D 677

802.3/LLC 7 BCD CC9A 5F549DC48955 7686E7 F3656687 SNAP,

65D5" 975DBA 7 754565E F76CD7 LLC  647CD  BCA 2 F54A:

• 45!2 232" (3 7"D7) B5C#D C9D67D5

D5" 579 7!, 65D57A 659D54CD 65 F5D56545, 67 7CEC 

F54C «DF» (65 F5D56545 4A 123 659D54CD IEEE, 65D5" ECCD

C9D67D5 579 7!, 79" 000000; CB4  CE F5DCDBA

C 65 F5D56545, D5 5BD7D595 67 7D8 5" C9D67D5

579 7!, 97 977C" D 65, 9C EC9AA BD7C 97C9A 655);

• * (2 7"D7) – B5BD5D  2- 7"D  B55DCDBDCD F54 «0F»

677 Ethernet II, D5 CBD8  9CE BF548 DBA DC #C 97C9A 655

F5D56545 54CC B5655 252E66 59A.

% D5E 3 F54A 754567 F76CD7 LLC  67C Ethernet SNAP ECD

F549C 6596CD9C 97C9A:

• DSAP (1 7"D) BC7 B5C#D AA

 67 7CD 97 D5, D5 67

ECCD 5E7D DF7 Ethernet SNAP;

• SSAP (1 7"D) BC7 B5C#D AA

 67 7CD 97 D5, D5 67

ECCD 5E7D DF7 Ethernet SNAP;

• *2655 (1 7"D) B5C#D B45 03

3.2.3.5. 745DC 4F5A2AA3D CDF6 6256

%76DCB6 BC BCDCC 77FDC Ethernet E5D 75D7D8 B5 BCE

CD8EA DF7E 675, 7D5E7DCB6 7BF5 977A .



AC A

7"D

3.23

3 2!5 LLC C

1500)



9

DSAP

SSAP

*799C

(46

1/2

1497/1496) 7"D

123456 3. 78926ABC5 DCEF6F56ABC5 5F

200

.7 B.3.24 FCC97 BCE7 745DE7 5FCC4C9A DF7 677 

123 Ethernet. %5B65486 4A 65579A DF7 F5D56547  7"D55E

F54C «0F/*497» 67 7DBA 97C9A, FC7C 97C9C

E76BE74895" 49 F54A 799, 795C 1500 4  CBD97!7DC95"

BBDCEC BB4C9A 05DC

, 67 Ethernet II 4C65 5D4D8 5D 

DF5 675 F5 97C9 D55 F54A. ,7DCE F5CACDBA 974C 4

5DBDBDC F54C" LLC, 65D5C E5D 5DBDBD57D8 D54865  D5E B47C,

CB4 7 F54CE 49 B4CCD 754556 F76CD7 IPX, 7 EC995 2-7"D55C

F54C 7F549C995C C9!7E. ,7DCE F5CADBA 97C9A F54C" DSAP 

SSAP: CB4 59 79 ((

, D5 D5 67 Ethernet SNAP,  F5D95E

B47C – 67 802.3/LLC.

3.2.3.6. 54C44 CSMA/CD

% 5FB79 F5D56547 CSMA/CD CEC99BC 9DC74 595

 ECAD8 9C  7B54D9 C9!7 CEC9 (E6B 4 EB), 7  654CBDC

D76 97 7CE «D5 9DC745».

#CE29A C7EF945 – D5 9DC74, B55DCDBD" FCC7C

5955 D7, D5 CBD8 D5 CEA

EC# F5A4C9CE  F5B4C57DC489

D

. +5 97E CC bt – D5" 9DC74, D57 4DC4895BD8 D555

9DC747 CD 5FCC4AD8BA B4CE 57 5E:

C

(

–

F5FB697A

BF5B595BD8

BC

FCC7

(

B655BD8

FCC7

799

%

F5FB695"

BF5B595BD

(

=10

D

4DC4895BD8

D555

9DC747

100



F

(

=100

D

9CD

&7

Ethernet II

&7

802.3/Novell

&7

Ethernet SNAP

&7

802.3/LLC

%54C

DF7

4

49

548C

05DC

F54CE

49

B4CCD

IPX-

754556

F54CE

49

B4CCD

B45

(

7

9CD

3.24