Возницкий И.В. Судовые двигатели внутреннего сгорания (конструкция, теория эксплуатация)

npu repeAaroqHoM

q

cre i:tlz

(s

qerblpex-

TaKTHbIX

ABrjf

aTeJItX' noJlyqltrb

IIpueM!'IeMbIe

pa3Mepbr

EecrepH,

ycTaHoBJIeHHOH

Ha

pac-

npeAeJrnre,'rbHoM

Bany.

Ko,'I[qecTBo

npoMe}I{y-

Toqnbrx

llecTepeg SaBllct4T

oT

paccTotHHq

Me-

xAy ocsMlr

KoJIeHqaTOrO

n

pacnpeAe,'IHTeJlb-

Horo BaJ'roB. B

IlecrepenHoit

nepeAaqe

(puc.

60)

Ha

aoa

pacn peaeJlHrerbH ux

ea,ra

(asrra-

renr 6t{

23/30) oa.nu

pacnoJloxenbl B

Bepx-

seil

qacrn

Kaprepa,

no o6e

cropoHr,I

6,roxa

IrnJ'rr.rHApoB.

Or oAnoro

BaJra

npHBoAtrcfl

B

.qelicroNe

BnycKHble K,{anaHbI

H

TorL'luBHbIe

Ha- 6bI

nepeAHero

tl 3a,4gero

COCbl, OT

ApyfOIO

-

BblnyCKHble

KJIanaHr,I

U

xoAoB

Bosayxopacnpeae,rnrens.

Ha

I(oJIeHqaroM

Ba-

!'Iy

Ha

IIITIOHKe Xpenfircf

IrPI.rBoAsaq

uecTepHt

9,

uecrep^uN

I n^3

cu-

Aqr

Ha

pacnpeaeflItreJlbHblx BaJIax,

MexAy

-uecrepnRuu

9.,

I u

3

pac-

-^"^*"; n

prrwc

rvnpwu

qrl.lii

nprvr.ron c i:rlo. Ha

o.d.Holi

ocn

ctlAtll

nonoxen

Asyxcrynenuaruii

peAyKrop c

i:tlz'

Ha

oi.Hofi

ocn

ctl,(tlr

uecrepHu

7'u 8, na

apyroii-5

I 6. Or

ruecrepxl

5

nplao4rrcl

eo

noJrolKeH

aByxcTyneHqaTbIIi

I

t

I

Bparqenlle

fipoMexyroqHble

uecrepHrt

2 u

1, xotopae

nepeaanT aBlI-

xenre

Ha uecrepHn

,l lr J

pacnpegenllreJlbHblx

Ba"'IoB.

Ifennofr npnrb4

o6uvno

npr.rueHalor

nplr

6orbllrux

paccmlHlttx

Puc.

60.

Illecrep

eH.{aTbul

pacllpeAe.ll,ITeJrbHhrx

Bara

PIrc.

59.

Kyta,Isble

uai-

MexAy

ocsMIi

Ko,'lenr{arofo

x

pacnpeAeJlxTerbHofo

BaJIOB'

HanpIl-

I

npnBoA

Ha

aBa

4

i

-l

Puc,

61.

l{enrofi

npuro,u,

pac[pe.4e,'uresbflor,o

Bata

I

uep

y

aByxraKTsblx

as[rarenefi

-

6oarurofi

uoquocrs

c [PsMoroqHo-KnatraHHofi

npoAyB'

t(ofi

(pHc.

6l).

llenuoft

npHBo,4

pacnonoxeH

B

CnelIHaJrbIloM

oTceKe

B

cpelHefi

unlt

KopMo-

Boft

qacT}l

aBltrareJtt.

flpnnoAnaa

3Be3aoq-

xa

Z,

ycrauoo.lIeHHafi Ha

KorenqaroM

Bany'

coe.u,HHtercfl

co

3Be3AoqKofi

1

pacnpeAe,ru--

TeJIbHOTO

Bana

TpeMt

oat'tHapHbIMI.l

qensMfl

o.

3sesaoqxa

5

rsrsercq

HanpaBrqloureil

u nc-

noJrrcyerct Int

nPuBo,(a

Bo3ayxopacnpe,(enfi-

reJtr, ny6pnKaTopa

I'

perynflropa

qacrorbl

"puure"ln"'.

3geiaoqxa

Z,

-

saxlen1911

11 __l Xii";"f"';,#lii,o"""'iJi:

xpouutrefHe

t, cnyxHr

alrfi

HarexeHI.It{

rerlH.

;i;;il;;-o-,q"n.ur"n"

Harsxesne

ocyqecrBJlrerct

noBoporoM

KpoH'

urretrHa

3 BoKpyr

ocH 9

nporHB

qacoBoH

crpenKr. Tara

4,-

narpyxeunai

caepxy

cq,nlH^ofi-,

npyxlnofi

(oxo.rIo

5000

xrc),

neped,aer

ycfinHe

Ha

KpoHUTenH

J

Llen[

/lBllxyrcs

no

crarbnblM

HarlpaBJlttoultll

pe'lbcaM

8,

o6nHIrosaHHHM

pesuHoft'

'ITo

noMoraeT

ycrPaHHTb noflepeqHr'Ie

Kone6aHI.It.

octj

scex

3Be3aoqeK

Il

lletrb

o6unlHd

cMa3blBaoi

MacJIoM

or

cl{creMbl

ul.rpKyJlfiIlltoHHofi

cMa3KB; MaCnO

noaaeTcf

qepe3

cneqHanbHble

pacnbIJIHTeJI -

Anirpanrrra

ra3opacnpeAeleHfic

-

3To

rpaQnqecKoe

l.I3o6paxe'

Bne

Qa3

ra3opacnpeAenoHlrt

(npoAo,'IxHTe-tlbHocrl{

orKpbrrnt

Kna-

nanoa.

gbloaxeHnofi

s

vrrax

n'x.o.). Vro.n

mKJIoHeH[t

KpUBoIJI[na

uanoB,

BHpax

n

yr.nax n. x. o.). Vro.n

mr.nones[t

KpUBoIJI[na

otcqgtusaercg

or

6nuxailuefi

MeprBofr

roqKI.I.

Ha

pnc.

62

noKa3aua

aHarpaMMa

ra3opacnpeaeJleHsfr

AJtfl

ABsta'

re.rs

69H

25/34.

Bnycxttofi

xJIartaH HaqrHaer

orKpblBarbcfl

Ao

ttptlxo'

Aa

Kpnnorxfina

s BMT

c oflepexeHneM

B

85o

n.K.B.

(roux-a-1)

u. sa-

KDblBaercfi

nDH

noBoDore

KpIlBoluII[a

sa

35'n.

x. o. sa HMT

(rov-

xi 2).

Bulnvi*rrorl

x.nanau

orrpueaercx

ga

50'

n. x. a.

ao

HMT

(roq'

xa 3) u aaipunaercr

rlocJre B-MT

uepee 50'

n.x.s.

(rouxa 4)'

Vro.lt

noBopoTa

KplBolunna,

B TeqeHHe

Koroporo

oTKpbITbI

o.[HOBpeMeHHO

BnvcKHol

BlfnYcKHofi

KJIa[aHLa,

Ha3HBaeTCt

yrnoM

nepeKPbITI{f,

xrinaHos.

Ars

ianHoro

,[BrrareJlfl

oH

paBefi

135" n.x.s.

flpu

ao-

BO.(Ke TOJ'OBHOTO

AB[raT€nS

Ha 3aBoAe-CTpollrele

noa6npator

otnn-

MaJrbrirJe

$aau

rasopacupeae!'IeHEq

I.I 3aHocsT

ux

B

QopMyJtp

aBI'r-

rareJq.

Bo

apernrr nnaHoBo-IIperyfipe,qnreJlr,Hblx

ocMorpoB

Heo6xo-

.(trMo

npOBepfrIb I{

pery,l poBaT}'

ra3Opac[peAeJleHl{e.

Ilpoaepxa eagopacnpedeltetut

npofi3BoallTcf B TaKofi

[ocneAoBa-

TerbHocttl:

3a

epfKrT H

ycraHaBJluBaroT HeobxoAllMbJe Sa3opbl

B

rIpIrBoAe

trJarIaHoBi

npoBopttoT

Qasbr

ra3opaclpeaeJlontrr,

anfi

rlero

MeateHHo

Bpa-

ualoT

BaJtorroBopornuu

ycrpoficrBoM

KoJIeHqaTHfi

Bar

aBHraTe-rt

n

otlpe,lleJltnr

MoMeHTbt orxpblTllf,

It 3aKpbrrnq

K'IanaHoB. C,urraror,

trlio

xtanaH

HaqEHagr mKpblBarbcg B

MoMeHT Ha6eraHlrg

PoJltrxa

ToJrKareJtt

Ha

KyraqHyx' ruafi6y u 3axpblBaerct

B MoMegr cxoaa

po'

Jt[Ka c KyJraKa. 9ru

uorrleuru Moxgo

onpeaeJl Tb necKoJIbrItMLt

cno-

co6ardf,:

89

a) n :a:op

Mcxay

yAapIIbIM

6o.nro*r

puvara

fi

turoKoM KJIanaIIa

3aBoArrr

rr"'racrriHy

rqyna roJllqlisori 0,03

MM,

B

MoMeHr

orKpblrltt

KnarlaHa

yAapHbrfi 60"'11

3axMer

rlnacrtrHy

I.I oHa

He cMoxer

nepe-

Merlarbcfl. Vron

nonopora

xpxBolxEna oIpeAenfiIoT

no

MaxoBI.IKy

Mexay

He[oaBrrxHblM

yKasareJleM

II

pl.lcKoii

Ha MaxoBI'lKe,

npI,I

coB-

naaeHHn xoropoii

c

yKa3are,'reM

nopueHb

ycraHaBJl[Baercfl B

BepxHeil

MeDraofi

to.Ire:

-6)

uonopavrnanr

xo.nenqarslfr BaJI laK,

vro6r'r

po,rlx

roJIKareJIl

cra,{

Ha

ur.L'rup,4p[qecKylo

uacrl xy,ravuofi uafr6sr'

a sareu,

Bpa'

nla'I Bar

pyKoii, [oBopaq]IBalor

poJIuK,

B

MoMeHT mKpbITHq

KJranaHa

poJrr.rK

nepecraer

Bpauarbcfl. 3axpururc

KJIanaHa 6y4er

coorrercr'

norarr

ceo6ognoe

nepeMeqeHlIe

uyna

I{JII.I Bo3MoxlIoct'

noBopa'

ql{Barr,

por[K.

B

gror

ltoveur

cnoBa 3aMepnlor

yroJl

noBopora

KpIl-

sourna.

O6oa

Nraxoerxa o6uuHo

pas6Hr

na

360''

flpn

orcyrcrnnl

raxofi

paa6raxn

3aMepqrcr

A,'InHy Ayr

MexAy HerIoaBIl)KHbIM

yfia-

3are,re;

I,I

pucxofi

na MaxoBuKe,

a

yrnbl

noBopoTa

Mo?br,'IE

AO

6,1n'

xafiurefr

ueprnoft

roqxu

onpeAennlor

no

QopMyJIe

360'

D_

aJ'rnlra Ayru,

LI3MepeHHaq

oT

HeIoABI.IXHOTO

yKa3aTe,'Ifl

Ao

pltcxH

Ha

MaxoBIIKe, MM;

at'aMerp

MaxoBI.IKa,

MM.

I

i

I

i

I

flpu

nsuoce

KyraqHblx

urafi6

yrrlenruraerct

npoaoJlxHreJlbHocrb

6agbr

orKpHrnq

i.nanasa.

oasu rasopacnpeAeJlonl'{

Moryr

6tirb

i4ounytlt

B

cropoHy

olrepenreHlIn

IIJII] 3ana3AHBaHng

BcJIeacrBHe

uenpanu,rsnoro

saqen,'IeHl.rq

[epeaarorlHblx

IXeCTepeH.

B

npouecce

pe-

rv.nnposaH

g

uecTepH[

BblBoAflT

3 3aqenJleH[fl,

BMeCTe

C

BaJIOM

nO'

eopuufiurtot

ga

Heo6xoalttnstil

yroJ'l I'l cHoBa

BBoatr

B

3alenJleH[le'

fliuuuxoii

3ana3AblBatrns

0a3

ra3opacnpeaeJleHlit

Moxer

oblrb

yBe-

JIHTIeHITe

3a30poB

B 3auen"'IeHI.lH

nepeaaToqHblx

u-ecrepeH

llJlt

oc'

ra6,reuHe

nprzaoauoii

qe[Il

Irpx

uenHoM

npl.rBoAe.

hc.tlu

HeBo3Moxno

vMeHbuETb

3a3opbt B

3aITeIIJIeHHI'I

(3a

cqer

cMeu,eHgq

oaHoll

I'I3

npo-

r,.rexyrovn;rx

urecTepeH),

npu

peMoHTe lxecTepHtl

saMeHfloT.

B

qenuou

[pnBoAe

perynupyrcr

HarsxeHxe

uenr,

a

ecr[ cMe'

u,enNe

Qasu

oirpurnr

KJIanaHa

6orbur€

2",

npoH3BoafiT

Ilepecra-

HOBXy

pacIIpeaeJll{TerbHoro

BaJIa.

Rua,u

-

H3troca

t.cHoBHbIe

H e Il

c n

p

a

B

-H

o c r I.I

ae-

rarefi

uex

a nI{3

M

a

I a 3 o

p

a c

np e

Ae

JI e

H H tl'

iapaKTep'Hble

-nederru

KJIanaHoB:

Herl,'lornoe

np

nefaHlle

rapenKl.I

KJIarlaHa

t< cen'

,u'r.rg-sa

KoDo6,leHrfl

u Hapa6orroe,

o6ropaHne

KJ'IanaHa

H rne3aa'

o'ncrn

n 3a6oItHbI

na

pa6ovt.lx noBepxHocrfix'

3aKJII.IHI.IBaHIIe

IToxa

isanasa

B

HanpaBJrstoueil,

noroMKa

npyxnHbl'

flpu

uennoinocru

Kr'Ia[aHoB

repfiercq

qacrb

3apsA,a

Bo3Ayxa'

qro

npuBdaur

K

yMeHbIrIeHI'tlo

aaB,'Ieuxr

u reMneparypbl

B

Konqe cxarnfi;

.utpya*"ata"

nyc(

xoJloAroro ABurarelq,

nponcxoAlrT

Renol\Eoe

croilinne

ron,rHea,

loqBJ'Iflercq AblMHblfr

Bblxron;

cHtxaerct

Molrl-

noc'rr

u

exoHol',tuqHocTb ABllraTerq.

fopfql.{e

ra3bt'

IIpopbIBaf,cl'

Mex-

90

I

,[y

rrHe3AoM u Taperxoft

KJIanaHa,

yBeruq[BaloT

I{HTeHcl.IBHocTb

Kop-

po3rroHHbrx

pa3pyueHrlft.

flpoQnraxrn.recruil

peuonr

KJIanaHoB

npo-

rr3BoAtr

qepe3

l-2 ruc.

q.

Hen.nornoe

npHrefaHl{e

KJIa[aHoB

ycr-

paHtpT

npnTlrpKoft

Kna[aHa, IIpfi 3HaqItTeJILHbIx

pIIcKax,

IlapalrllHax,

06ropaHrifi

npeaBapnreJlbtro

nporaqrBalor

pa6oqee nore KJIatraHa

n rHe3Aa, a 3aTeM

npl,ITlipaor ux. 3aanprt

[ToKa

ycrpaHflloT

IxJ'Ifi-

dogaureu

lr'ltta saMeHofi

HanDae,'rsoueft.

^

I(y.navnne ruafr6H usgarlrsalorcs

B

uecrax ua6erasnt

I{ cxoaa

poJrrKa

TotKaTenr

c

Ky"{aKa; fipli 3ToM

yMeHbuaeTcfl

yfoJl,

orpaHlr'

qltsarculrfr

npoQu;rr xyraKa,

I.r

Qasa

orrpurrn

xnanaHa. flpu

He-

aocraroqsofr

cMa3Ke

Moxer nporsoiirt

3aal'Ip

pa6oqeli

noBepxHocrl{

xy.nauuoft

rai6u, a sToM c,{yqae, a

raKxe

IIpI{

yMeHbIxeHI.l[

Qa3bI

orKpbrrrzfi KJranaEa

6o,rrue

qeu

ua

5-7' n.

x. n. nati6y 3aMeHqIor.

B u,enHoii

nepeaaqe BlrrflrlrBarcTcr

Ir Ii3HalrlIrBaIoTct

qe[u,

llclll-

paercr

pa6ouar

noBepxHocrb sy6sen

lenuux

xorec. I'IsHocuBrlr ecs

Ko,'reca 3aMeHr

or HoBbIMtt,

y

BbITtHyroft

IIerIIl

pery,'Illpynr

Harfxe-

uue. XapaxrepHHq

leQeKrH

sy6uarux

nepeaaq: Hcrtlpa.uue ey6lee,

HaBOJIaKr{BaHIle

Mera"r,'Ia,

no9Bl'IeHHe

MeJIKIIX

paKOB!lH

(TIIITTHHTOBJ,

BtrKpauIrBaHIie H TPeullHbI.

.[,;rr

npoAo.nxure.nlHoii

n HaaexHoft

pa6oru ueo6xoal.ruo co6"rIo-

Aarb

roqHocrb

H3toroB,'IeHI.Iq

npoQt.t.nr

sy6tea I-I IIapa"'IJIeJIbHocrb

ocefr uecrepeu npu c6opxe Bcefi

nepeaaqH.

flpu erou o6ecneqHgaetcq

nJraBHoe 3a[enJteHr.re uecrepeH n

rx 6ecuylrHaa

pa6ora.

sl5.

nPoavBoqHblE

KnAnAHbl

h BblnvcKHblE

3ACflOHKh

Agrotrarx,recxtte

npoAyBoqHHe

xJIanaHbI

ycrattaB,[I]Banr IIa

!.BrIrare,rflx

c

xoxrypHoii

nonepe.tHoi:i cncreMoii

trpoayBKII,

y

KoIo-

prdx

BepxHsrr

KpoMKa

npoayBoqHblx

oKoll

paclo,'loxexa lla o,q.lloM

ypoBne

Hnx auue

nepxneti KpoMKL

BbIItycKIlbIx

oI(oH. flpll

aByxpt.{-

IIOM

paCIIOJIOXeEnI, npOAyBOqHblX OKOH

K,'IaIIaHH nepel(pllBanr

ToJIb-

ro eepxune

oxsa.

K;ranann asl.Irarerefi

3ylrqep

(puc.

63)

cocrorr

us Ha6opa

<pr.rrypnux

yucxoa

2,

co6pannux

B naKerbl, crlnyrble

6o,rrauu ./.

flaxeru

Kpenqr K

qfi-

,rr.rHApy co cTopoHbl

pecnBepa.

Mexgy

,u,ucrar'ru

o6pasynrcx

xa-

Harbr

aJrrr

npoxoaa Bo3ayxa,

flepe-

KpblTble ToHKl.rMH

n,'racTHHKaMH

(0,2-0,3

vu) 3 It: npyxtrxHoit

cTar'ltr, 3a)KaTblMr..t

Mexay

arcKa-

ur.

.[,aa.leuue

fa3a lt3

rr]r,'rrHApa

npnlKIrMaeT IlJlacT{lrbr

K

a}IcKaM.

B

xouqe

cso6oaHoro BbtnycKa

,IlaBfieH[e

fa3oB naaaeT, npo,{y-

Bo,rHbril Bo3,{yx

oTx[MaeT

rrna-

crfiIIqarbIe

KJIanaHbl u

llocTynaeT

Prc.

63. ABToMarr.rqec(ue n.[acrulr-

!a tLlc iijaIlaltLt

9l

B tuJruH,u,p.,Il,;ln

orxpurua KJranaHoB

aocraroqHo

HeSHaqflTeJlbHdo

nepenaAa

AaB,'regnfi.

llorovra

oraetbslJx unacrun unu

HapyueH[e

ITJIOTHOCTU KJrarranOB [3-3a

I,IX

3arpt3HeHHq

npIrBo,ElIT K

3a6pacblBa-

HErO BbrrrycrHHx fa3oB

B

pecrrBep

npo,4yBoqEoro Bosayxa,

aaBJI€I

le

ll

TeMneparypa Bo3ayxa B

pecHBepe

noBrJllralorct,

yxyalllaeTct Ha-

noJrHeHue

uEJrnH,u,pa,

floflBJlsercrl

TeMHbrft BHxron

(ug-3a ltenonHoro

cropaHIlfi TonJIriBar.

Aaa

oqrcrrs

BHIIrlMalor

nal(erbl

ra,

He

pa36upat,

[orpyxalor

B

KepocrrH

ua

8-10

q,

a 3areM

npogyBaror cxaruu aos4yxou.

flpu

ItoJtouKe

IIJIacTHHy SaMeHf

lor.

Mexaxxgmbr,

ynpaBnqroqxe

npoqeccoM BbtnycKa, npllMeHqrorcn

B

ABrirareJlrx

c

KoflTypHofi npoAyEKofi,

y

Koropblx BepxHtt

KpoM-

Ka Bbr,nycKHbrx

oKoH

pacrroJroxeHa

B!,rure

B€pxHeft xpoMKn

npo-

.llyDoqHHx.

Ocnognoe Ha3Haqenue

grux

MexaHh3MoB

-

ycrpanurt

norep,o

aapnda zosayxa noc.le 3aKpbrrt{r

npoayBotlHblx oKoH.

Ha

4ourare.nxx

3y.nluep

rsua

RD

BbInycKoM

yltqaelt

wr

epau1o'

'tOU4UeCa

SbuJNOnHbte

gdcltoflnu,

KmOpbIe BbInOJIH{I'oT

cneAyplqfle

QynKqlrE:

ycrpaqtlor

noreplo saptaa

Bo3Ayxa

flocJle saKpblrut

IIpo-

ayBoqHbrx

oKoH;

npeaynpexaarcT

yTeqKy

npoAyBoqHofo

Bo3ayxa

H3

noAnoptxHeBofi

noJIocrll

B Bblnycl(Hble oKHa,

Koraa

nopuleHb

Haxo-

alrrcf,

Br{ue

orou

(oxo,'to

BMT)

;

npeaynpexaalor

3a6pacuBaxue

BHnycKHbrx ra3oB B

IIIiJTUHAp crt coceaHHx

qI'ITHAPOB,

nOAKJI()geR-

gux

x roft xe

ryp6uHe.

VcJosflg

pa6oru

u

rpe6oBaHnt,

IrpeAtqBnfleMble

r KoHcrPyKIlIlR

3ACJIOHOK:

3acJroHRa

pa6oraer

B 3ore

BbIcoKI.tx reMleparyp

-(700-800qC

B

HaqaJre cso6o,q,Horo

nurrycxa)

npn cpaBultlenbno

He6oJIbrIIgx

rIe-

perraaax

aaBneHHf,

no o6e

cropottu

ynpaaarouefi

xpoMKtl;

_

AJrs

co3aanut

rasonellpoHfiuaeMocrn

neo6xo4nvo,

qro6n

SacJIoH-

xa ne

4e$opr',rnposaracl

noa

aaB.tlenneM

ra3oB,

lro o6aaaaaa

aocra-

ToqHofi

stacru,rHocrllo,

6naxo,u,apt

xoropofi

o6nor'rxu [o'pufieBHx

I(oJreIl H

KycMarapa

MoruIIr

6u npofrrl B

Bblnycxnofi

Tparr MelKAy

ynpasarnqefi

KpoMKofi

H KoplrycoM 3acJIoHKtt,

He Bbl3blBaq ee

3a-

rJItrHI{BAEA';

npllBoa

3acJroHoK

,4onxeH

o6ecnequru

nx cBoeBpeuesHoe

orl(phl-

ane

r{ 3arpbrrr.Ie

(n

sanncuuocrH

or

yrna

noBopora

KplrBo[runa)'

BO3MOXHOCTL'

perytuPOBaTI'

IIoJIOxeHEe

3acJIOHoX

np}| nepBo{Iaqanb'

rofi

ycr:anonxe

H

[3MeHtrb

ee rIoJIoxeHBe

(no o4HoureHnlo

l( xpx-

BOrnHrry)

IIpu

peBepce

aBHfaTeJIs.

KoHcfpyrurr

3acJIoIroK

(pnc.

64). OrAelruue

Kopnyca

3acioHoK

5-xpenffca

r

py6aurxau

qrrJHH,[,poB

n

BbInycKHoMy

rpy6o'

npoBoAy

u

rtadryr 6url

aeruonrnpoBaHbl

BMecre

c eac.nouxauu.

.{,al

[poBepKu

cocToqHHfl

3ac"loHoK

Ha

xopnycax

rMeloTcq-

aBa

KoHTpotb-

ulrx oroepcrur,

3aKpblTtrx

cbeMHbIMn

BcraBKaMn.

I( xopnycy

npll-

KoenJleHbt

xpwwxn

4

u

7, B

xoropblx cMoHTI.IpqBaHH

noa[IHIIHHKH

aiauxa

6 sacnoHxu

(oautt

us Hflx

-

onopHo-ynopHblfi)

rr Kopo6KH

na6npHHmBlrx

ra3oBblx

yIIJtoTHeH[ft;

xpblurKlt I'I Koptryc 5

Oxlaxaa-

ptotcn soaofi.

3ac.nonxa-

cocroET

H3 crarbHolo cBapHoro

Bajr'.r.Ra

6,

PIic.

64.

BlluycKHat

sacnoExa

Arrrareiei

3yarqep

Ha roropoM lrpu noMouln

,HaxJraa(n

u 6orloa .l sarpenren

ua6op

ruoKrx

cratbHblx

nJlacrlrH

8, o

pasyoqnx

ynpaBnrroune

KpoMKIt

sacJlonoK.

E.raroaaps

csoefi e,'racruqgoc"r

oHlr

MoryT

orfrr6arbct

II lponycr(arb nocropoHHue

rera B Bhrrrycruofi Tpy6o[poBoA. Ha ron-

uax

Ban[Ka Kperrsrct

puvaru

3

npH noMorqu unHlleBoro coeAltHe-

nnn 2, xoropoe no3BoJrrgr

ycraHoBuTb

3acJroHxy no

o?HoueHfir,o

K

KpuBornuny

cBoero

unnxHApa c

roqgocrbro

ao

30 n. K. B.

Puqaru

ncex

3acJIoHoK

TrraMri

nocJreaoBareJrbuo

coear{Benn Mex-

Ay

co6ofi.

3acaonru [pRBoatrci Bo

apauleHxe or Bara

rorrJrtrrBaHx Haco-

@coB c rroxoulbro

qetrfloft

[epeaa'rn.

flepe4arounoe

qucno

i-ntlnz:2,

rAe nr H n2

- qaCTOTa

BpallleHut COOTBeTCIBeHI'O KoteHrIaTOtO BaJIa

u eaaa npuriola

3acJtoHor(. flpu

peoepce

ABuraTeJr

cneqaanbHHfi

cepBoMomp

pa3BopaqriBaer

Ban [pEBoaa 3acJroHon na 160o, o6ene-

qr{Bar

coorBercrBne

tpas

rasopacflpeAenensfl

ltoBofi

cropoHe Bpa-

UIEHHfi.

flpu nona4aHuu o6;rouxog nopuHeBbrx

Koreq HHofJIa Mo)Ker

npoasofiru IroJIoM(a nJracfurr aJrr{ ux

aeQopr,laqns.

f}oapexgexne

3acIoHI{J{

npIIBOAUT

K rroTepe

3apflAa

BO3AyXa

nOCJre 3aI(phrTLIt nOpU-

neu lpoAyBoqnux oKorr, x [epenycKy Bo3ayxa

r.r3 noanopuueBofi no-

.rocrrl

B BhlnycKHofi rpy6onpoeo4, Kof,qa nopueHb naxoAurcn

o6.nueu

BMT, x sa6pacuoauuo orpa6maBurux

ra3oB. coce,(n[x

qunnqapoB

B noanopnrreByK)

noJrocrb. B

pesyaurare

yxyruaercfi

npouecc

cro-

paH[r

TonJrrrBa B

quJr]rHAPe,

troH[xasTcs

aaBJreHlre

npoayBorrHoro

BO3AyXa

B

pecHBepe,

noBbr[raeTcq

leMnepaTypa BbrrrycKHbrx

raSoB

B

rIEnnEApe.

floapex4enxyo 3ac.JroHKy npu

nepaofi

Bo3Moxuocru

3aMeIltK)r.

s9

fnaaa

\

ArPErATbl

nPoAvBKh

t4

HAAAyBA

5

16. TA3OTyPBOKOMnPECCOPbI

Eont'runncrso

cyaoBblx au3e,Tefr

Br'lnoJlnflercq

c

HaMyBoM'

npd

KoropoM

Bo3Ayx

B

I.tII,1I.rH,npbI

rlocrynaer

He

HeIIocpe4g]B-:HHo

I{3

ar-

uocr$epu,

a

dpeasapare;rlHo

cxl{Maercfi

B

ycraHoBJlenHblx

Ha

'4BIt'

rare.,t"^x

naaai"ouultx

arperarax.

Vge'nuqesue

3aPnAa

Bo3Ayxa

no-

3BOJIfier

noBblcl.lTr,

uliK,'Iotsyo

noAaqy

mnJlI.IBa

rl 3a,

cqeT

9TOrO

ro-

BbrcqTb

Ill.lJI

I.lHAp

OBy

IO MOUIHOCTb ABHfaTeJlfi'

Ctcreuu

niaayea

Bxr'IloqaloT

'n

ce6r

xounpeccopbl'

oxJIaaLTeJIu

BO3AyXa,

pacnpeae,'InreJlbHble

opf

aHbl

u

PecunePU'^

fI^O--CnOCo6y

nplt-

;;;;;;"'i l.d.tun"

KorlflpeccopoB

HaaayB

noApasAer'Iserce

Ha

M

e-

*""uu""tiirn

(c npHroa'ou

rounpeccopon

or

arcerrr).

-

B coBpe-

MeHHr'IX,nlr3eJlgx

""

"u"oa""

npHr"bnennn'

f

a3oTyp6uHHbIi

It

xou6nnnPonanHnfi.-

iasorypoirnnblfi

HaAAyB

ocy[lecrBrflercq

KoMnpeccopaMu'

np

-

Borr.rMbrMri

Bo BpaureHr.re

or raioeoii

typ6"1",t:-1:jon:tJ15:.1--?i.:.p;

run

nunycruux

ra3oB

An3er'lr.

Arperar

n-aaayea'

o06e'[ltHqloxll{u

ryp6uuy

u

KoMnpeccop,

nn.oruu"o."

iasorl'p6ororanpeccopoM

(fTK)'

"

ILrq

cv.rossri

4H:e,refi

c

u:6sttogttstlt

,4aBneHueM

^HaMyBotIHoro

""rit'i,

o]i--i.s

xic/gr'..

(0.04-0.15 Mtla)

fTK

(prc

65)

cocrom

'ts

oguotryneuuarslx

oceBoii

ryp6unu

fi

ueHrp-o6e)KHofo

KoMnpeccoPa'

o6reaunenur,,x

s

oarur

arpeiir.

Typ6IInsr

pa6manr

npu

JIocro{HHoM

HJIIrIIeDeMeHHoM.[aD.leHHI]|a3a.CpeAHflfTeMnepaTypa|a3oBIlepe'[

rvD6xHofi

400-550'C.

"'ij;;;;

iix

ioitout

Hs

rpex

KopnycoB:

ra3oBnycKHoro

14 s

ta'

3oBblnvcKltoro

9

xoplycon

ryp6lnsr

H

xopnyca.4

xoMnpeccopa'

coe-

;;ilil;

*er,ay

.uooil

tp.ranuanu;

uoptyca

11

u 9-*ox'raxaanrcn

ipeciroir

soroil,

"KoprIyc

4-oxnaxrcHlls

He

lllleer'

l

enrol.I3onlrPyn-

itit li

r.n.t"r,t

/b,

yiraxol,'rennnfi

o

xopnyce

9'

npennrcrsyer

nepeaa-

qe

TenJ'Ia

oT BbInycKHblx

ra3oB

K IIa'[AyBoqHoMy

Bo3Ayxy'

."

(

nopny.V

1"4

xpetwcr-

conlogotl

annapar'

cocrornlflii

Ii3

cer-

MeHToB

c npoQu,rupoaaHuuMl'l

J'IorIarKaMIi'

Porop

/1 ;peairasJlret

co6ofi

saa

6o'nruroro

AnaMerpa'

Ha

Ko-

ropufr

riocaNeriu

pa6ovue

Ko ec^

12 Typ6ltHbl

I'I 8

-

xoMnpeccopa'

PoroD ,roKhr

I{a

norlu

nHflKax

xa'{eHlig.

-floaulInHlx

J

ynopuo-onop-

sufi,'noauunxHr

16

onopHuil.

Macno

sa cMa3Ky

noauIInHIIKoB

noaa'

eTcfi

HaBeITIeHHbIMII

Ha

POTop

HacocaMI.I

-1'

BcacHsaIOUaq

xaMepa

*o"npuaaopu

cHa6xaerCq

$u,rlrpolt

2 tr

llMeer

3ByKolI3oJItullonHoe

noKoblr'ne'

Ha

Pa6o-j].nr

o6ecneueurn

6e3yaapHoro

flocryn'leHlrfl

Bo3'4yxa

qcc

KOJIeCO

KOMfipeccopa

ycTaH a IJJ

ItB a cTcfl

'Bp

aula

]ouurtct

IIaIIpaBJIfl-

xrurtiii

unnuput

s sa

iraobulrlr

xo'nccon

8-g

ropnyce

4

ycranaBJlllBa-

"i& arOOv'top Z

c.nyxauruii .u,ra

npeo6pa:oaatrns

xntrernqecroft

aHeprr

r

'nbsay'xa

B

pt6ory cxattrr,

6laro4apfl

qeMy-cKopocrb

noro-

.

Ka

naAaer,

a

.d.aBJICllEe

[otsbluaercfl.

flo

sHxoAe

rrs

AHQOySopa

sos-

e4

I'

__l

I

.u,yx

nocrynaer

B

cn{paJ'rbHue

c6opnsle

y"rnrrn

6,,r Koropblx

4ponc'

xoAr.rr

aarbHeiirxee

yMeHbIrIeHue

cKopocrtt

H

HeKoropoe nosblnenue

,4aBJ'reHIrfi

BO3AyXa.

,rla6lrpaurHne

ynJ'IorHeHIrq

ITK c,ryNar

A"'In

oraenenun

ra3oBofi

rroJrocTH

or

ros4yurnoil,

ynr'rorHeHrre

c xauepofi

yKyflopKl.l 15 orAe-

JrreT ra3oByro rroJrocrr, or

onopHoro noAuIHrIH[Ka.

flo

xana,ny .17 aoe-

Ayx

n3 HarHerarefibHoil

no,'Iocrr.r

l(oMnpeccopa

noAaercq

B

xaMepy

yxyrIopKri.

V

fag ng BbrrrycKHoro

KoJr.'reKTopa

Au3eJIfi

flocryrlaet B

fa3olroABo'

Afixue

KaHaJrbr

xopnyca

14,3areM npoxoAl'Ir

qepe3

corIJIoBbIe

KaHa-

,ru

.l3 ryp6unu,

fae npo[cxoAxr

qacrllquoe

pacnupeHse ra3a

H npe-

Bpau{eHHe

efo

rloreHqEarbHoii

l.r

renroBoft

sHeprH[

B KHHer[qecKylo.

flo

euxo4e u3

co[JI ra3

nocrynaer

B KaHaJIbI

Mexay

pa6oqIIMI{

JIo-

narKaMlr

soneca

12

ryp6nnu.

Ha

pa6ovux

ronarKax

KnneruqecKaq

gqeprrr

fa3a

npeo6paeyerct

B

pa6ory,

np[Boaq

Bo Bpauenxe

BaJI

TvD6IIHbI.

"

Aera.nn

rasoryp6oxoMnpeccopoB.

Potop

fTK orxosHsator

3aoAHo

c

4r.rcxoll

ITI(

(BpoylI-EonepH, 3ylluep

lI

ap.)

[,'lH Bblno,l-

HfiloT I.I3

AByX

[O,'IOBI.iH C

HanpeCCOBaHHbIMU

lI

[pl{BapeHHbIMH

K nO-

nvBaJraM

AncKaMI{:

AI.ICK

MOXtr

KperIIlTr'Cf

K nonyBaJ'IaM

6olrau t

(ierrare;ru

Eyprueficrep r.r

Bafiu).

'B

roc,reauux

aByx

cnyqasx

rroJryBarbr

poropa

orKoBI{BaIor

u3

06btqHoil

yrJlepo.{[crofi crartl, a

aucK

-

u3

)KaPonPoIIHoii.

Pxc. 65. CxeMa fa3oryp6oxoMnpeccopa

95

-

1,

Prc,

66.

Kpeuaerle

pa6oltlx

nonaror

ITK

Pa6oque

ronarKH

-r{3roraBJlfilalor

L3

xaPoflp-o'rHoft

crau'll'r

nJtlt

H3

cnJlaBa

"a

""*u'"uon'-o"-"o"e

c

6o'nluruu

coaepxaHgeM

xpo-

ua H ao6asxofi

Kooanbra

o

tioliooitt""'

Jlonarxu

np-ItB?PllBalor

K

fl ffiy",r##%d"hmt*li"d*i."'H11x1'J"X,$13I"'olT

u6'f;n..o

HarHerareJIt

Hacax'Babr

ua

l11I -'r

Kpensr

runosxofi

rJIH

llrtl{IleBblM

touAn""*nu"'

O6uqno

xoleca-BHnoJIIrtor

norv3aKpblrbtMH

"

p"o"uno"i""--'ontt*"tt*'

3ar'yr'e

<'

nepealr[e

xooirnt

xoropltx

t'y*"t

nuipu'*"otrluM.

anflaparoM'

!6ecneqfiBaq

6igvlapuufr

BxoA

Bo3Ayxa

nu

"lio-nui*"'

Hexoropue

fT-K

"HMelor

Ha'

noa'snqousfi

annapar,

oopuiouin*"?

peurerxoii

HenorBxxurnx

Jlo-

nirox,uanpaaaaour"*"otayir.cropoiyBpal{eHl'rsKoreca'"''iilotin"oKu

p

orop

a

6HBaIor

AByx

*1o-1'-

-^ ..

nolruunHr{Kn

(aqeHur, tlluj*o"""

un"

"

poa-uxoslJ-e.--co

cropottu

"."ii"i"-,*""vi'^"*,!::::.iid2[tr::;t3iJ'f"#i:!i*]]"""i,fl

ili;

Ii'"sirx'rffi

s"-**."*:'Jli$tlti1}}.ill;fi

q'lhff

;:lfl

:,0"fl"0,x,1T"fff

Hlff

;ll

BpexaeHtrg

IIOAIITSnHHKOB

m

nttl:^"#;l*-"

cKonbxeHls

npaMeHtprcq

s

frK

6orbtxofi

npous-

nfp+t$L':i5,i:fr

i*"9:"";";l;l"*r*rur***

;*;lry;TX"J,"ff,t"";iff

:

ik3o"'""';i*,'

-.s

-o'IerleHnn

ra-

3oBofi

nonocru

o'

"otoyt"oi

'"'#'o""p""tl

norurunuuxa'

JIa6xPuR-

rbr

o6pa3oBaHbl

tuuu'ououo""""n

"'"oto"*n

potop.u

roHKHMll

(0.I-0,2

uv)

Iaryuttuull

*olt"utttn-tp"O"to-xauu'

B

KaMepy

yxynop-

in

uexly

rpe6eruxauu

noo"olitt"

ci<arufi

sosayx

(or

xonnpecco-

"lr.'iiiri."ir"

Koroporo

6orsure

ralT

e'us

rasa'

'

M

a c,r

o

v

n

I

o '

" o

'

t

n o"i'i

i-l

c

rpoIctno

- - -T'I*ot

'JtA

npeaor'BpalqeHu{

non"at"ni

'*-u&a

'n

raloayro

n

Bo3ayurt{y'

qasflr

96

ra

TO

yM

JIII

pa

H

HU

np

ry

HO

AY

KO

ct

c

IJZ

IIl

yr\

HZ

BI

NI

BI

JII

P(

t4

Ilj

tm

BI

IO

c8i

n(

HI

6

T(

4-

pr

H1

Возницкий И.В. Судовые двигатели внутреннего сгорания (конструкция, теория эксплуатация)

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.