Волков В.П., Вільський Г.Б. Теорія руху автомобіля (на укр.яз)
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
2
Ae
m
-
Maca
aBToMo6inr;
,!o
-
AoexuHa
asroNao6ins.
flepernopunuiu
(3.42)
3
ypaxyBaHHflM
BnrII'IBy
xoeSiqieHta
o6eproerax
Mac,
oAep)KIrMo
*(vi""
-v:)
"-\
max
^//=G.sinor.S,
xG'tgaa'Sn,
Q.42)
G
-
eara
gsiArla
aeroxao6irs
sa
urnu4xocrefi
V-o,
i
Vxn'
Ao
po6orn'
III0
:AificHrcerbct
HI4M
IIo
no,4oJraHHrc
AoAarKoBofo
ill'{HoM}
c$:
x
G.tgau
dV:^,
-v:,)
(3.43)
26'g'5,
(3.44)
tgda
=
OueuuAuo,
ilIo
AoAarKoeufr
nilfioM
TI4M
6inrurufr'
vzrr'r
Br4IIIe
V^or,
MeHrrre
V*o
i xopoulufr
rriAfioIrl,
ro6ro
ueuura
Sn'
Els
roro,
Iqo6
rIpH
BIa3HaqeHHi
rpaHrauuoro
flurroMy
&op"rru*r"
Sopnny,ttoto
(3'26).,
cniesiAHoileuH'n
(3'4f)
Br4pa3I{MO
qepe3
TaHTeHCI{
III4X
KyrlB:
/\
tqd,onrp=t&\dr^*do)'
llicns
neperBopeHHx
pinnxnH'fl
Mae
BlrrnflA:
tgunonno
=m=tga.6+tgdd'
(3'45)
92
BrzxopucroByrotrr4
(popnaynu
(3
.26) i
(3
.45), oAep)Kr4Mo
ocraroqHe Br4paxenHs
An.[
fpaHflrlHoro
uigfrouy
(3.46)
Pyx r{aKaroM
Aocr{Tb
rrrupoKo
3acrocoByrorb so.uii
lricrr<ux anro6ycin ilepeA
nnaHoBHMH
3ynrrHKaMlr, ilIo
AO3BOnre AerrIO
3Hu3r4Tvt
3aranbHy
BI{TpaTy
TrurvBa.
IIia
,+ac
pyxy
asroN{o6infl HaKaroM
ABr4ryH
ni4'e4uylorr siA rpaucruicii
3a
AonoMororo
3qerrJreHH.fl
qr4
BptMr4KaHHs
nepegavi s
KII. Ocirinmu eneprix
rBr4ryHa
He
ni4no4Hrucx
Ao
rpaHclricii,
ro
aeroMo6im
po6rarr
ynonilrHennit pyx
qepe3
onip
aoporn,
reprq e rpaHcnicii,
xoAoeifr
qacrzni
i r.a. He
6epyuu
Ao
yBaru
BTparr.r
rrorylKHocri n rpaHcuicii,
s
pinnxHnr
rtroBoro
6anaucy
(3.17),
rKrrlo P*
-
0, oleplxr4Mo
az$epeuqiaJrbHe
pinnxHHx pyxy
aerolao6irr HaKaroM
ts a
no,"o
=
D
^*
"
tYT;Gr)
-
t
-
6,'G
dv
0:P-+Pr+
r
.-
w
'/
g
dt'
3BrAKr4
(3.47)
(3.48)
dt/
dt
Ynacni4or roro ulo
ABHTyH
ni4'e4uauo
ni4 rpaHcuicii,
npv Br43Harreuni
d;
He
BpaxoByrorr ooeprosi N,racz
4nnryna
i
rpaHcrvricii.
Cuna P, naoxe 6yru nosnurBHoro a6o HerarptBHoro
(pyx
Ha ni4fiou a6o nia
yxz:r).
Tolry 3arre)KHo nia
cnieniAHotrreHns uix a6conrorHzMr{ BeJrr4rrr4rraMr,r
P, i Pn
pyx
HaKaroM
6yae
ynoniJrbHerrr4M,
rrpucKopeHuM
qH
c'raJrvrM) d/dt
-
Herarlr BHlrM, fro3nTr{Bur,rv a6 o
AoprBHroB
arrrM e Hynro.
93
,{usepenqiaruse
pieHxuHr
(3.48) pyxy
aeroN{o6in.s
Har(aroM
JrerKo
iurerpyerucx.
Huvr
Kopl4cryrorbct
p.Irfl
Br43HaqeHHr eKcrIepfiMeHTaJIbHI{M
IIrJItxoM
roe$iqieura
V
i
$arropa
o6riqnocri
kn'
F.
Atrs
Br{3HaqeHHa
roeSirlieHra
W
asroMo6im
po3raHsrorb
Ao
rIrBI4AKocri
10-15
xv/ro4, a
noriv nepeBoAtrb
fioro Ha
pyx
HaKaroM
.4o
uosHoi 3ynvHKI4
(npufrruarcqu,
IrIo
P*
=
0).
Toai s
ypaxyBaHHtM,
IrIo Pv
:
G
'
V,
s
(3.48),
oAepx(HMo
a6o noAinueura
sN{iHHi
5,
dt=-
'
.dV
g
'v/
i npoiurerpyBaBilru
o6uaei
qacrvtnvt
orpuMaHoro
pinuruHr:
T.
5,
on
ldt
=
-----!-
ldv
,
6
s'v;,,
Ie
T
-
qac
pyxy
aeroMo6ins
HaKoroM niA urelaArocfi Va
Io
nosHoi 3ynI4HKt4.
Y
perynrrari o4epxnnro
dVs
-:--
'U/.
dt5
T=
5'
-vr.
g'v
(3.4e)
flruto
si,uovla
nrnu4ricrr Vn
i T, To Mo)Kala
po3paxyBarra roe(piqie:ur
Vr
sa
(poprrnynoro:
94
5,'vo
U/=-
'
g-T
Cni.q
sagHaqvlTvr,
ulo
raKl4fr
MeroA
Aae
AeIUo
3aBIaIqeHi
pe3ynbrarn, ToMy
IrIo Brparlr
eHeprii
B TpaHcMicii
i xoaosifi
qacruHi
s6ilrmyrorb
3araJlbHl{fi
onip
pyxy
HaKaroM.
3.7,
floryxnicnnfi
6ananc
aBToMo6iflf,
PieHsHHs
pyxy
aBTonlo6ins
Moxe 6yru
upe4craBneHe
He
rimxn
TflroBI'IM,
a
it
noryxHicHHrrl
6anaHcou.
Mix
noryxHicuo,
cI4JIoro
i rrreuAldcrro
icnye sarexHicru
N:
P
'
V.
Torvry,
nepeMHo)r(r,rBlrll4
roNnafi
Cr.naAonzfi
Blrpa3
(3.17)
ua
nrnzgricrr,
oAepxuMo
pinurHur
noryxuicuoro
6wruYcy
anroruo6ins:
P*.V:Po,.V*Pr.V+Pr'V
a6o
N*
=N.
+Nr+N,
Ae
1/,.
-
rroryxHicru
Ha
BeAyrrl4x
Konecax;
N., Nv,
Nj
-
uoryxHocri,
uo
fi4yrr
Ha noAonaHH-x
onopy
uoeirpx,
cyMapHoro
oropy
,qoporlr
i
posriH anroruo6ins
eiAnoniAHo.
Crna.qoei
noryNnicuoro
6ataucy
Moxyrb 6yru
sanucaHi
s raKrafi
cnoci6:
N*
=N"'4*=
M".u*-uo.Tl-
.v,
(3.51)
rd
N*
=
k'F
'vt
,
(3.50)
(3.s2)
95
(3.s3)
(3.s4)
Brapasuarun
Irory)KHlcm
y
xBr,
cuny
B H,
a urnugrrctr
y
rv/ro4,
3anI4IIreMo
pinnruru
(3.50)
3
ypaxyBaHHtM
(3.51,
3.52,
3.53,
3.5a)
y
snrr.nAi:
Mn'u*.uo.T*'V
3600
k.F
.t/3
=--+
466s6
(3.s5)
*G.V.V *G'5i'i'V
.
3600
3600'g
floAauo
noryxuicuuit
6atauc,
sa
auanorielo
3
TtroBlIM
6anancom,
rpaSiuHo
(pnc.
3.11).
Pnc. 3.11.
fpa$irc
nomytrcnicuoeo
6anaucy
asmoMo1inn,
tt4o
eidnoeidae
odniil
nepedaui
(a)
i
vomupaou
nepedauau
(6)
-fruqo
3HexryBarrr
BTIJII4BoM
urel'IAxocri
na
roeQiqienr
V,
To Berv.uvna
nory)KHocri
N, so6pa3vlTr'cfl.
IrptMoro,
.gKa
Br{xoAI4Tb
3
nor{arKy
KoopAVHar.
Bi4pisor<
Ni,
4opinurbe
pisuraqi
vriN
N*
i cynoro
norylxHocrefi
ouopir
N*
-l
N,y,
craHoBlrrb
y
BpBHaqeHoMy
lracurra6i
3ailac
noryNHocri
na
v
a)
(
I
I
I
I
r
t.
T
a
a
96
IT
(a
)e
r
TA
BeAyrrHX
KOJreCaX,
iltrO
Br.rTpaqaeTbcs.
Ha
po3fiH
aBTOMO6ins.
9nrr
Sinsure
N1
(3.54),
mrvt
6innme
ilplrcKopeHHr
3Mox(e
po3BrrHyln
aeloraoSirb y
.qaHrlx
gopoxHix
yMotsax.
y
pasi
sMiHxa
4opoxnix
yrrron
(Nr)
3anac
noryxnocri
/{
TaKo)K
3uiHralrcx,
i
npucr<oper{H.rr
aBTonaodins
6y4e dinrruuu
a6o
Mei{urr{M.
tsi4pisoN
ly'"
crarioeurr,
co6oro
noryxHicrr,
rqo
Br4Tpaqaerb
cs.
Ha repr.rr
n
rpaucmicii.
3i
s6imrreHHqla
rueu4Nocri
pyxy
anronao6i.rrs
uoryxnicm,
BHTpaqeHa
r{a
rroAonaHH_f,
onopy
noeirpx,
ruBI4AKO
3pOCTae,
IIIO
nprr3Bo.4plTb
Ao
3MeHIIreHHr
3anacy
nory)Ki{ocri.
3a
4exxoi
mua4r<ocri (puc.
3.1L,
a, roulca
c)
noryxuicrb
Ha BeAyqprx
Konecax
4opienroe
cyui noryxuocrefr
onopin
Aoporn
i noeirpx (1/,.
:
N.
+
Nv)
i
:anac
noryxnocri
N;
:
0. 3
(3.54)
Br4.qHo,
rrto
B r{boMy
Br.rraAKy
rrpr4cKoperrHs
asroxao6iJis
raKo)K
4opinuroe
HyJrro,
i
eiir
pyxaerbc,
3
nocriltnorc
nreu4xicrro
(V^u*),
frKa
Ars.
AaHAX
4opoxHix
yuoe
e MaKcr4MiurbHoro.
Pyxarucx
si rrrezlKicuo
6ilrrue
uix
V^u*
asrol{o6irr
He Mox{e,
ToMy rqo
npr4 rlboMy
N.
*
Nv
>
N*.
fpaSir
Eory)KHoro
larrancy
AosBoJUr€
BLr3*a.rrvffvr
rnfl.
6y4r-xroi
nrnrz4rocri
rari noKa3Hr4Krr,
.nK
nprdcKopeHH.fl,
rcoeSiuieHr
cyMapHoro
oropy
roporh,
no"youro.ii,
aurpaveni
Ha
rroAonaHrir
oropy
gopo:i,
uonirpr
rorrlo.
O4uax
pisni
rsroni
saAa.{i
spyvuiure pozn'xzynaru
3a
lonoMororo
AraHavri.iHoi
xapaxrep
vcrprnr4
aeroN{o6irs.
T-flroeo-urnu1xiuri
BJracrtrBocri
anrorrao6iri.{
Mo}KHa
npuSmasno
oqiHronara
3a
AofroMororo
rruToMoi
noryxHocri,
ilIo crauoBrnrr
ni4Ho[reuHq
MaKclrnaanuroi
n
ory)KHocri
4eraryua
go
nonnoi
Macr4
aBToMo6itt,
nupaxenoi
B
ToHHax,
ro6ro
N
vd
=
ff'"u*
-m
(3.56)
,{ianason
3HaqeHb
nvrouoi
nory)KHocri
4nx
lerronnx
asrolao6iriB
craHoBrrrb
15-62
rBr/r;
Iils.
BaHTDKHT4x
asrol{o6irin
8-15
rBr/r;
AJrr
aBrDrroi'saie
4,4_.B
xBr/r.
Cnil
9',7
ga3ftaqvtrr4,
ilIO
[iABUUIeHHfl
TII',ITOMoi
rlory)KHOCTl
3yMoBnroe
s6inrileHHs
cepeAHboi
rexmqnoi
ureuAxocri
asroNao6im'
ane
npl4
UboMy
3pocTae
B:rITpaTa
\aJr]'rBu
rxBI4AIrre
3Holilyrorbcq
urprnra
i
a6inruryeucr
co6inapricrr
uepeBe3eHb'
3.8,
BnnnB
KoHcrpyKTllBHvlx
napauerplB.
aBTOMO6inn
na
fioro
rcroBo-luBHAKlcHl
BnacrvlBocri
i
i.x
BH6ip
Ananis
pinuxHur
pyxy
rloKa3ye'
ulo
rsroBo-ilrBl4AK1cHl
BJracrlrBocri
asroN{o6iJlfl
3aJre}Karr
sil
fi
oro
KoHcrpyKTI4BHI'Ix
naparrlerpin,
HATJAHTAjKeHHfl
i
lopoNuix
yMoB'
Bnnus
KOHcTpyKTrlBHIrx
uapan'rerpin
nepIII
3a
Bce
o6yuonmoeTbcfl
ruru4xicuoro
xapaKTepllcrl4Koro
ABrryHa'
[epeAaBanbHl'IMrr
rrvcraMvrrpaucuicii,
fi
KKA
ra
lH'
,{o
BI'I3HaqaJIbHrrx
noxagnrarie
T'flfoBo-IIrBuAKrcHux
nnacrueocrefi
anroMo6ins
HaJlex(arb
froro
MaKcI'IMaJIbHa
urnu4ricrr
i
npucxopeHH'I'
PosrrsHeN'Io
BrIJIlrB
rlepeAaBaJrb-
Horo
qucfla
roJIoBHoi
nepeAa'rr
us
Ed
V^u'
i
i'
3i
an'riuoro
uo:5
uo:4,5
uo:4
BerI4t{I4HI'I--'l-"1:ou"aJlbHolu
]|ivcra
zo
3MiHrorotbcx
v^u"
7
3arlac
uorYNuocri
Ni
Ha
BeAyrMX
KOJIecax
aBTOMO-
6ins. uo
Bllggaqarorr
fioro
i---Nr+N,,
vun)
i
nPIlcKoPeHH'fl
(Puc'
3'12)'
Hafi6ilrrua
MaKcrr-
MaJrbHa
ureuAricTb
V*o,
ITPUITIA!:A9
IIa
Te
3IJa-9aHHfl'
us'
Puc.3.l2.
fpaQirc
nomyrtt.-
ru
"*o.o
KpI4Ba
uoryxuocti
uicuozo
6anaucy
aqmoMoolnfl
ouopie
N;
+
Nt/
neperuna-
s
pizuuuu
us
i
deuzyuou
6es
.t"i"
3
KpLIBoIo
noryxnocri
o6uetrcuurca
vacmomu
o6ep-
Ha
BeAyqr4x
KoJlecax
3a
ii
maHHfl
rconiu'aacmozo
Sana
MaKcI,IMaJIbnoi
seruq'Hl4'
98
(pzc.
3. I
3),
:pocrarorr.
r{zrrr
6ilrure
ug, TV,M
6inrure
3a
rHrrr}tx
oAHaKoBr4x
yMoB
rrprrcKopeH[fl j
aSroNao6irs.
o.qnax
si
:6inrurenHsna
Lts
nponopqifiHo
:6inrruyerbcs
MaKcr.rMaJrBHa
qacrora
o6epranrl'
nmax
KoJnHqacroro
BaJra
LBvrryHa,
uo
sirnosiaae
nraxcanranurifi
runzgxocri
V^u^
aeroMo6irq.
Tolry
nepeAaBanbHe
qncJro
ronoenoi
nepe4aui
JrerKoBofo
aeror'ro6ir.{
nrz6raparorr
raKVM
qr4HoM,
qo6
nzxoHarr4
TeHAeH-
qiro,
xxa
oKpecnvnacx
ocrasniM
qacoM,
n^u
/n7,7:
1,0
-
1,05.
3
ypaxyBaHHrM
rlboro
ni4uorueuru
ilepeAaBafibHe
qr4cJro
ro:rosHor
uepe4avi
JrerKoBoro
aerorao6in-{
nn6uparorr
3a
$opuynoro
(3.18),
y
-aKy
saN{icrr
n" i
V ni4cranrixrorb
nmac:
(1,0
-
1,05)
'
nyi
Vnu,lsiAnoeiluo:
Puc.
3.13.
Rpuei
npucKopeHb
aemouo6ins
npu
pisuux
nepedaeanbHux
qucnax
zonoauoi
nepedaui
Tar<nlr
nepeAaBanb-
HLrM
qacJrou
6y4e
Lts
:
4,5,
s6i.rnureHHs
qu
3MeHrueHHt
us
noplBHtHO
3 uo
4,5
npr,r3Bo.qr4Tb
Ao
3MeHrrreHHt
V-o*.
Togi
)K
qac
Berrnqvt*a
nepeAaBanBH0ro
qLrcrl
Lto
3HaqHoro
naiporo
BnJrvBae
Ha
Ar{HaMKy
po3roHy
anrouo6i-
ns.
3i
s6ilrileuuflM
us
3anac
noryxHocri
(prac.
3.I2),
a
oT)Ke,
r
npncKopeHHfl
(3.s7)
uo
=0,377
-ro'(r'o-1',05)'n*
,
u
*"
'V^u^
Ie
Ltrce
-
nepeAaBanbHe
r{ucno
KfI
na
eurqifr
uepe4aui.
[nnryuu
BaHTalKHHx
asroMo6irie
rocraqaror_bc,
o6uexuarauu
i
perynxropaMr4
qacrorr,r
o6eprauna
99
KofiiHilacroro
Barra.
Touy
BeAyqHX
KoJlecax
aeruo
inuri
rpuni
snaina
nory)Kr{ocri
sa
(puc.3.14).
Toqxu
neperll-
HaHHrr
xpueoi noryxnocri
ouopin N*
+
Nv 3 KpI,IBIaMLI
uoTy)KHocTl
Ha BeAyqI4X
KOJIECAX
BI43HAqAIOTb
BeJrplqr4nrr
V*o".
Tyr
sirsua.raerrc"{
.{ina
3a-
nexgicrl V**
r.i[, Ms'.
trwv.
Merrrue Lto,
Ti4M 6inrlre
Pvto.3.T4.fpafiircnomytrcnicHozo V*o,
i tarox,
xx
pauirue
1anaucy
aernoaoSinn
s
pisuuuu
(p"".
3.13), si
g6irurueH-
us i dsuzyuoM,
L.{4o
Ma€
H.flM
us npzcKopeHHs
odntectcnu{qacmomLt
o6epmauun
3pocra€.,{rx
eaHraxnoro
rconinqacmozo
6ana
asroN{o6irs
nepeAatsanbHe
qucJro
ronosHol
uepegavi
pGpaxoByroTb
.gK
IlepeAaBanbrle
qI{cJIo
JlerKoBofo
aBTo-
uo6inx,
npufrvaroun
n^.r1n17:
0,8
-
1,0:
(3.s8)
OcHoeHHfi
se4onix
ABI{ryHa
nHyrpiruHroro 3ropaHH.fl,
rr{o
Br4Kopr{croBy€Tbcs
-aK
Axepeno
eHeprii
Ha aBToMo6irii,
-
nnsrrzft
roeSiqienr
npucrocoBanocri.
BiH nnxsn-serLcq
B
ToMy,
ruo
3HaqHa
sN{iHa
qacrorl,I
o6eprauux
ronisqacroro
Bana
rpn3BoAl4rb
Ao
He3uarlnoi
(y
I,25-I,35
pa3y)
:rraiuu
KpyrHoro
MoMeHTy,
a
Ire
RI4KJII4xae
ueo6xiAlricrn
neperBopLITI4
B rnr4poKoMy
AianasoHi
IraoueHt,
repe4aHufi niA
AelaryHa
Ao
BeAyqrzx
ronic.
I{ro
$yHrlliro
Ha aeroMo6irsx
ssu'{ailHo
Br,rKoHye
MexaHlqHa
llrecTrpHa
cTynlHqacTa
KopooKa [epeAaq.
CepfiosHufi
ne4olir
raxoi KII o6uexena
xilrxicrr
cryneHin,
rqo He
Ao3Bonte
paqioHanuro
BLIKopIrcroByBarIa
I
I
100
uorylxrricrb
ABItfyHa
rla
pisuux pexil.IMax
pyxy. Lie
npr43BoAr.rrb
,Ao
uoriprueuns
r.srono-mnn4rdcuiax
e,Tacrzsocreft
i nzurmrHoT
exonontiquocri
aslouo6i:i.e'
Ix
Momr{a
uo:riniuraru,
3acrocyBaitlufi
Ha
asrolao6ini
Gescrynin.racry
Kil,
uxo
nda€
B
3aAaHoMy
Aiana3oHi
4ocu:cn
BeJrrrKe
qLdcJIo
lrepeAaq"
llepenaru
raxoi
KIltr
suqnr.slorbc.f,
rtroBrroro
lriporo,
sxlqo
seo6xi4ne
nepeAaBaJlrne
"uacrio
6yAe
BCTar{OBJr}OB,AT\rCfl.
aBT'OMaTr{r{I{O
3aJIe.X(HO
B1A
pe}KI4My
pyxy
as:rohaodifi.fl.
ts icHyrouiax
I(oHcrpyltuir{x
MexaHi'ixklx
Kffi ia
pyuunu
KepyeaFir{sM
ni:mricm
cryueuin
o6rqexeua
ralapvrcavm,
Earotro,
crcna.uuicarc
BfiKoualrFlfl
i rpygHorqaMl4
liepyBalir{fl
Taxolo
r<opo6xoro.
Cyuacuwit
Kol{crpyKTopcbKo-TexHoJxo-
ri.{Hnpf
piueHr, apronto6inedynyeagHx
BI{3}IaqI'IB
rnfl
K{T
JierKoBrrx
asrotdo6inie
4-6
clyuenia,
Anfl
eatrraxirmx
i
anro6ycie
5-8
cryneute,
a
gnx
asronto6inie,
rqo npallrolorb
y
cruraAi
asrofi oi'3Ai
s, | 61A
cryneuin.
Bu6ip ilepeAaBanbHoro
Eltr{cJra
ueputoi
ilepeAaEl
He
3aJxe)Krdrb
eia r<inl,xocti
cryueuin
y
KII,
a tsIa3lnaliaerls.s
uafi6inrunaM
3FIaqeHHsM
cyMapr{oro
onopy
Aopofi4,
rilo Ma€
Aonarr4
asrolao6irb
Ha nepmifr
nepega'Ii i
g
uisirtalrsoro
crif,nxoro runu4ricrro
pyxy. Tonay neo6xi4ua
yMoBa
Anfl
po3paxyHKy flepeAaBanbltofo
qHcna
nepruoi
nepe4aui
3arruurerbc
x s
raKuil
cuoci6
:
P*
.u*
) Pr^un + P.,
(3.5e)
I€
F*.-u"
-
IvfaKcI,IMaJIbHe
r,afoB€
3ycunn.g Ha
BeAyrII4x
KoJlecax
asrohao6irs
npu
eKnro.{eHifr
uepurifi nepe4aui;
Py
max
MaKOr{MaJIbHa
cvrra
cyMapHoro
onopy
Aoporl4.
3anainr.remu
n
(3.59)
Pn.-o"
i P,,
^u*
ixnirr,rz 3HaqeHH.rMn
i ssaxaroqu,
ulo
Prupu
pyci
aerorraoSi.rrx
Ha uepnrifi
nepe4aui
He3I{aqHa,
oAep)KI4MO
l0l