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Ñîöèîëîãèÿ, êóëüòóðîëîãèÿ
Âåñòíèê Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà ÌÂÄ Ðîññèè ¹ 2 (46) 2010
ÓÄÊ 301.085:15
Í.Ì. Ôèëèìîíöåâ*, Å.Í. Ñòåïàíîâà**Í.Ì. Ôèëèìîíöåâ*, Å.Í. Ñòåïàíîâà**
Í.Ì. Ôèëèìîíöåâ*, Å.Í. Ñòåïàíîâà**Í.Ì. Ôèëèìîíöåâ*, Å.Í. Ñòåïàíîâà**
Í.Ì. Ôèëèìîíöåâ*, Å.Í. Ñòåïàíîâà**
ÊÊ
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ëüëü
ëüëü
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òò
òò
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óðà óïðàâëåí÷åñêóðà óïðàâëåí÷åñê
óðà óïðàâëåí÷åñêóðà óïðàâëåí÷åñê
óðà óïðàâëåí÷åñê
îé äåîé äå
îé äåîé äå
îé äå
ÿòÿò
ÿòÿò
ÿò
åëüíîñòè â îðãàíàõ âíóåëüíîñòè â îðãàíàõ âíó
åëüíîñòè â îðãàíàõ âíóåëüíîñòè â îðãàíàõ âíó
åëüíîñòè â îðãàíàõ âíó
òðåííèõ äåëòðåííèõ äåë
òðåííèõ äåëòðåííèõ äåë
òðåííèõ äåë
 ñòàòüå ðàññìàòðèâàþòñÿ îñíîâíûå ïîäõîäû ê îïðåäåëåíèþ ïîíÿòèÿ «êóëüòóðà óïðàâëåí÷åñêîé
äåÿòåëüíîñòè ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ» ïðàâîîõðàíèòåëüíîãî îðãàíà, ñóùåñòâóþùèå â ñîâðåìåííîé ëèòåðàòóðå,
ðàñêðûâàåòñÿ åå ñóùíîñòü è ñîäåðæàíèå.
Êëþ÷åâûå ñëîâà:
êóëüòóðà óïðàâëåí÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè, êóëüòóðà ëè÷íîñòè ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ,
óìåíèÿ, íàâûêè è çíàíèÿ ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ, ëè÷íîñòíûå êà÷åñòâà ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ.
N.M. Filimontsev*, E.N. Stepanova**.
Culture of the administrative activity in law
enforcement agencies. The article deals with the basic approaches to the definition of the concept culture of
administrative activity of the law enforcement agency leader, existing in the modern literature. It also discovers
its nature and content.
Keywords:
culture of administrative activity, skill, skills and knowledge of the leader, personal qualities
of the leader, culture of leader’s personality.
Ñëîæíîñòü óïðàâëåíèÿ â ñîâðåìåííûõ ñîöèàëüíî-ýêîíîìè÷åñêèõ óñëîâèÿõ ïðåäúÿâëÿåò
ïîâûøåííûå òðåáîâàíèÿ ê ëè÷íîñòè ðóêîâîäèòåëåé âñåõ ðàíãîâ â ñèñòåìå ãîñóäàðñòâåííîé ñëóæáû, â
ò.÷. è â îðãàíàõ âíóòðåííèõ äåë, à èõ óïðàâëåí÷åñêàÿ äåÿòåëüíîñòü, êàê è âñÿêàÿ äðóãàÿ, ìîæåò
õàðàêòåðèçîâàòüñÿ òîé èëè èíîé ñòåïåíüþ ñîâåðøåíñòâà è ýôôåêòèâíîñòè. Ãîâîðÿ î ñòåïåíè îâëàäåíèÿ
ðóêîâîäèòåëÿìè ðàçëè÷íîãî ðàíãà óïðàâëåí÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòüþ, ïðàâîìåðíî ãîâîðèòü î åå êóëüòóðå,
ò.ê. «ïîä êóëüòóðîé ïîíèìàåòñÿ è ñòåïåíü ñîâåðøåíñòâà â îâëàäåíèè ÷åì-ëèáî (íàïðèìåð, êóëüòóðà
òðóäà, êóëüòóðà ïîâåäåíèÿ è ò.ï.)…» [3, ñ. 45], è îá ýòèêå âçàèìîîòíîøåíèé, êîòîðûå ðóêîâîäèòåëü
âûñòðàèâàåò ñ îêðóæàþùèìè åãî ëþäüìè, è åãî äîëæíîñòíîì àâòîðèòåòå êàê îáîáùåííîì ïîêàçàòåëå
óñïåøíîñòè äåÿòåëüíîñòè [6, ñ. 18].
×òîáû ïîíÿòü ñóùíîñòü, ñîäåðæàíèå è ñòðóêòóðó êóëüòóðû óïðàâëåí÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè
ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ ÎÂÄ, íåîáõîäèìî ïîäâåñòè äàííîå ïîíÿòèå ïîä áîëåå øèðîêîå – êóëüòóðó ëè÷íîñòè
ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ. Íî ïðåæäå ÷åì îïðåäåëèòü, ÷òî òàêîå êóëüòóðà ëè÷íîñòè, íåîáõîäèìî îñòàíîâèòüñÿ íà
ïîíÿòèè «êóëüòóðà» âîîáùå.
 ñîâðåìåííîé ëèòåðàòóðå ïî òåîðèè êóëüòóðû ñóùåñòâóåò íåñêîëüêî ïîäõîäîâ ê åå îïðåäåëåíèþ.
Îäíè èññëåäîâàòåëè òðàêòóþò åå êàê «ñïîñîá ÷åëîâå÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè» [1, ñ. 31], äðóãèå – êàê «ïðîöåññ
÷åëîâå÷åñêîãî òâîð÷åñòâà» [4, ñ. 61], òðåòüè – êàê «ñèñòåìó öåííîñòåé è ïðîöåññ èõ ðåàëèçàöèè» [3, ñ.
417], ÷åòâåðòûå – êàê «óðîâåíü æèçíåäåÿòåëüíîñòè ëþäåé [5, ñ. 38].
Ðàññìîòðèì íàèáîëåå øèðîêî ïðèìåíÿåìûé ïîäõîä, òðàêòóþùèé êóëüòóðó êàê «ñèñòåìó
öåííîñòåé è ïðîöåññ èõ ðåàëèçàöèè». Òîãäà ïîä êóëüòóðîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè áóäåì ïîíèìàòü ñîîòâåòñòâèå
ýòîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè âûñøèì äîñòèæåíèÿì (ýòàëîíàì, öåííîñòÿì) â ðàçëè÷íûõ îáëàñòÿõ îáùåñòâåííî-
èñòîðè÷åñêîé ïðàêòèêè.
Êóëüòóðà äåÿòåëüíîñòè îáÿçàòåëüíî òðåáóåò îïðåäåëåííîé êóëüòóðû ëè÷íîñòè, îñóùåñòâëÿþùåé
ýòó äåÿòåëüíîñòü.
Êóëüòóðà ëè÷íîñòè ÷åëîâåêà – ýòî âûñîêàÿ ñòåïåíü ðàçâèòèÿ åãî ñóùíîñòíûõ ñèë, ñïîñîáîâ èõ
ðåàëèçàöèè â òâîð÷åñêîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè ïî ñîçäàíèþ è ïîòðåáëåíèþ ìàòåðèàëüíûõ è äóõîâíûõ
öåííîñòåé. Ñëåäîâàòåëüíî, êóëüòóðó ëè÷íîñòè ðóêîâîäèòåëÿ, óïðàâëåíöà ìîæíî õàðàêòåðèçîâàòü êàê
âûðàæåíèå çðåëîñòè è ðàçâèòîñòè âñåé ñèñòåìû ñîöèàëüíî çíà÷èìûõ ëè÷íîñòíûõ êà÷åñòâ, ïðîäóêòèâíî
ðåàëèçóåìîé â åãî èíäèâèäóàëüíîé äåÿòåëüíîñòè. Îíà – èòîã êà÷åñòâåííîãî ðàçâèòèÿ çíàíèé, èíòåðåñîâ,
óáåæäåíèé, íîðì äåÿòåëüíîñòè è ïîâåäåíèÿ, ñïîñîáíîñòåé è ñîöèàëüíûõ ÷óâñòâ.
 ñòðóêòóðíîì îòíîøåíèè «êóëüòóðó ëè÷íîñòè» ìîæíî ðàññìàòðèâàòü, èñõîäÿ èç ðàçëè÷íûõ
îñíîâàíèé, äîáèâàÿñü òàêèì îáðàçîì âñåñòîðîííîñòè:
– â ïëàíå òèïîëîãèè åå ìîæíî ðàññìàòðèâàòü êàê ïîëèòè÷åñêóþ, íðàâñòâåííóþ,
ïðîôåññèîíàëüíóþ, ôèçè÷åñêóþ, ïðàâîâóþ, ýñòåòè÷åñêóþ, ýêîëîãè÷åñêóþ è ò.ä.;
– â ïëàíå âíóòðåííåé ñòðóêòóðû êóëüòóðà ëè÷íîñòè – ýòî çíàíèÿ, óìåíèÿ è íàâûêè, íîðìû
äåÿòåëüíîñòè è ïîâåäåíèÿ, óáåæäåíèÿ, ñîöèàëüíûå ÷óâñòâà.
* Ôèëèìîíöåâ, Í.Ì. Ïðîôåññîð êàôåäðû ñîöèàëüíîé ïñèõîëîãèè Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî óíèâåðñèòåòà ÌÂÄ Ðîññèè,
Çàñëóæåííûé ðàáîòíèê âûñøåé øêîëû ÐÔ, êàíäèäàò èñòîðè÷åñêèõ íàóê, äîöåíò. Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêèé óíèâåðñèòåò ÌÂÄ Ðîññèè.
Àäðåñ: Ðîññèÿ, 198206, ã. Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, óë. Ëåò÷èêà Ïèëþòîâà, ä. 1. Òåë (812) 730-24-23.
** Ñòåïàíîâà, Å.Í. ñòàðøèé ïðåïîäàâàòåëü êàôåäðû ôèçè÷åñêîé êóëüòóðû è ïðèêëàäíûõ åäèíîáîðñòâ Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêîãî
óíèâåðñèòåòà ÌÂÄ Ðîññèè, êàíäèäàò ïåäàãîãè÷åñêèõ íàóê, êàïèòàí ìèëèöèè. Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðãñêèé óíèâåðñèòåò ÌÂÄ Ðîññèè. Àäðåñ:
Ðîññèÿ, 198206, ã. Ñàíêò-Ïåòåðáóðã, óë. Ëåò÷èêà Ïèëþòîâà, ä. 1. Òåë. (812) 730-23-09.
* Filimontsev, N.M. Professor faculties of social psychology of the St.-Petersburg university of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of
Russia, honoured worker of the Higher Professional Education, candidate of the historical sciences, the senior lecturer. The St.-Petersburg
University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Address: Russia, 198206, St.-Petersburg, Pilyutov-street, 1.
** Stepanova, E.N. Senior teacher of faculty of physical training and applied single combats of the St.-Petersburg university of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, the candidate of pedagogical sciences, the captain of militia. The St.-Petersburg University of the
Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. Address: Russia, 198206, St.-Petersburg, Pilyutov-street, 1.
Ñòàòüÿ ïîñòóïèëà â ðåäàêöèþ 12.02.2010 ã.