Токарский Н.М. Архитектура древней Армении

S8J1CSI

DOA BJIlUJHHeM

<t>OPM

fa

'rHKOBOA nccT

.;

PQAKIt,

TaK

>Ke

KaK

H 30)].tJHA, ,C

HeMeHbmH~

MaCTepCTBC)M-

Cnpo.eKTHpO

·

B3Bm

·HA -. npeBCCXC.ll.HYIO

6amHeo6paa-

,

HyJO

u.epKDBb

B

MDHaCTl,lpe

Xu.KOHKe,

-

>KHBO~

nHCHD P3CUOJIOmeHHDM' B O.l\HOM H3

CypDBblX

y-m.e-

JlHA:

HenDJI.aJIeKY OT

AHH

(Ta6J1. 47). ·

nQ

: CBH.ll.e-

.

TeJlbCTBY

CaMYHJI3

AHHH'CKOrQ"

3TvT

MQHaCrblpb

6l;l1Jl

-

06cTpDeH

IJe~TOJII06HBblM

SeCTQM

CapKHCQM

B·

I029

.·

T-.

UepKQBb,

0 KDTOPDH

MbI

rOBQPHM,

.

BHYTpH

··

B·

nJlaHe

npe.n,cTaBJlSleT

KpecT,

o6pa3DBaHHblA

lJeTblpbMSI·

a6cH-

lI.aMH,

npHMblK(lIOlll.HMH

K n<?.ll.KynDJIbHoH KB3.l1.paTHQA;

qaCTH;

MemJI.Y

pYKaBaMH

3Toro

KpecTa

pa3MeI.IJ.eHbI

qeTlJlpe

TeCHbIX

npH.lI.eJIa, H

BeCb

KQMnJIeKC

nOMew.e-

HHH

oKoHTypeH

cHapymH

MHororpaHHHKQM.

nO.ll.OO-

HO

u.epKBH

CnaCHTeJlSl

QHa

YKpameHa

nOJlYKOJloa-

'

KaMH

C

nepe6pQIIIeHHhIMH

Me>K.ZlY

HHMlf

apKaMH.

Ha

Ka

nHTeJIHX

KQJIQHOK H.lI.YT B

pH,ll

6JUIIlIKH,

nc-

JlYlJalOm.He B eTO BpeMSI

paCnpQCTpaHeHHe,

B03MQ>K-

HQ

nD)(

BJIHSlHHeM

KanHTeJleA

B

xpaMe

rarHKa.

Mo~

THB

3TDT

MQmHO

BH.ll.eTb

Ha

u.epKBax

B

AH6ep.l\-e

(Ta6JI.

49),

MapMameHe,

KeqaPYKe

H B

.llpyrnx

HOCTpDHKax,

He

HCKJIlOlJaSl H

8HHAcKOr.0

cQ6opa~

TaK

>Ke,

KaK

B

AH6ep.l\e

H

MapMameH(l,

HynOJl

"

uepKBH

B

Xu.KDHKe

nQKpblT

pa3pa60TaHHOH

B

HaqaJle

Xl

B.

30HTHlJHOH

KpOBJleA

H3

K8MeHHblX

nJlOT,

npH.ll.a-·

row.eA

nocTpoAKaM

IJpe3BhIIJaAHO

H~PJl.ll.HhlA

BHll.

r ·pa-HH

6apa68Ha

3aKaHlJHBalOTCJI I.IJ.HnuaMH,

oKaAMJleHHhlUH

JlQBOJIbHQ

c)JQm

HhIM

KapHH30M,

onHpalOw.H

MCSI

.y

OC~

HOBaHHSI

Ha

'

OllHY

," .ll.Be HJiB '

IiY,qOK

KQJIOHOJ{;

nJlHTH

K3lKADA

.ll.BYCKaTHoA" CeKD.HH YJIO>KeHbl .Me>K·

.ll.Y

·

Ha-

NeUHhlMH

rypTaMH,

H.ll.ym.HMH"

OT

'

Bep.xa

H OCHOB8HKSI

III

l1I.an~a

K .

Ha

.B ..

~pWHIO

,30HTa"

J

HeCDleMY

B

CBoe

BpeMR

Kpec1'.

B03MO>KHO,

tlTO

.

aBTop~MH

9TOH

1'OHKO

3a-

llYMaHHoA

H

6JIeCTHme

ocymecTBJleHHofi

cl>OPMIi

6h1JIH

.

30,u.4He,

pa601'aBUIffe

y KHH3H

BaxpaMa

naxJIa-

ayHH;

·

CTpOHTeJlH

aH6ep){CKoA:

uepKBH

H

MapMAmea-

cKoA

'

o6HteJJH.

HaAo

.

){YMaTb,

tlTO

H

l<ynOJI

aHHHCI{OH

QepKBH

CnaCHTeJlH

11.0

3aMeflbl

HOBblM

HMeJl

1'81<0H

>Ke .1lapH,IJ.HhlH

BH.ll •

. ; 3a

HOBblMH

CTeHaMH,

B

npHfopo.u.e

AHH

CTOHT,

GJIQBHO CTPOHH8H

6aweHKa,

He60JlbWaH

uepl<OBb,

H3BeCTHaH

IIO.ll

Ha3BaHHeM

naCTYWbeH.

OHa

CHJIbHO

nocrpaJ(aJIa

OT

BpeMeHH

H

PY

I<

XHmHHKOB,

BblJlO-

MaBWHX

60JIbIIIYIO

qaCTb

npeltpaCHO

06pa60TaHHoA:

06ilHll,OBKH.,

KynoJI,

HeKOr.lla

nOKphITblA

OCTpOBep-

XOA '

KpOBJIefl,

CBaJlHJlCH.

HeCMOTpH

Ha

pa3pyweHHH,

T.,TopaMaHHHY

Y)laJIOCb

,L{3Th

peKOHCTpYKUHIO

9TO-

T{LHeCKOJlBKO

BbIllypHoro

, HO H3SHIJ..HOrO

lIO

KOHTY-

paM

nUMHTHHl(a.

UepKOBKa

. COCTOHT

H3

'

Tpex

HPY-

G:OB

) ' YMeHbIIiaIOIII.HXC51

no

Mepe

nOJI.'be!v1a R

none-

peqHHK~.

HH>KHHtI,

.

MHorOrp~HHhJtI

HPYC

H3pe3aH

CJle.ll.yWIII.JlMH

OJI,Ha

3a

.u.pyroA

HHwaMH.

B

KOT

.

OpblX

I1rpa

.

CBeTa

.

JI

TeHJI .

c03JI,aeT

-

>KHBOnHCHoe

qepellOBa

;.

HHe

KpaC04Hblx

IULTeH.

OH

3ClKm04aeTB

ce6e

no-

I«,e.

IItel:!He

nepBoro

9TR>Ka, B

flJIaHe

HM

.

elOluee

BHJI.

WeCTRJIY4eBoH

3se3;llhL

lliecTb

apoK,

OnflpalOIII.HXCH..

OAHHM

.1<0HUOM.

Ha:

lJHYTpeHHue

yrJlH

CTeH,

. CXO)lHTCR

B '

;

8~

.

cHqeH

anope

B .

ueHTpe

nepeKpIXniH.

Co6paH~

Hbte

B

nyttKHlloJlYKOJIO

.

HKH

OTBe4alOT

'

cTpeMJIeHHIO

~qeii

·:

KO'.MII03HUHJI

sBepx

H

IIOMoraIOT

aBTopy

y6e-

4.:H

.

t~

·.

spHTeJlH

.;B . TOM,

4TO

rrOMemeHHe

.

HMeeT

60'

JIb;-

WJ':lP;

qeM.B

· .)J.eHCTB-HTeJlbJIOCTlI

BblCOTY.

BropoH

~TaiK,

3alUUOQeHHhlH

B

.lI.Byx

BepXHHx

Hpycax,

npeJI;-

1&2

<:'i'aBJISJet

MHOrOrpaiutylO '

qaCO'ReHKY,

ynefitfaHHYto

teyrrOJIOM

C Rpy,rJIuM 6.apa6aHOM, BbtpacTatduUiM d3

jy6UOB 30HtUtIHOit

KpOBJUl

'

CpeAHeA

'lIaCT"

Iid-

'CTpofiKH.

, K cesepO-3arra,I1S

OT

co6opa,

3a

pa3pymeHHoR

'MeqeTbIO A6Y-JI-MaaMpaH8,

MHHapeT

KOTOpoil rtb

,

BbtCOre

rrpeaocxdJ.HJI

MHHapeT

rrpH

MeqeTH

MaHY-

qe,

CTOHT

pa3B3JIHHbl

O,l{HOH

"13

BH,l{HeiiIIIHX

hd-

cTpoeK ropO,l(a

6a

rpaTHJJ.cKoro

BpeMeHH

-6UJIbltiOti

,

ri.epKBH

ArrocToJIoB, o6cTpoeHHoft B

xli-Xlll

BB.

ripHTBopaMH (Ta6JI. 42).

3To-rroKa

e./J.HHcTBeHHaSl

it3aecTH351

B

apMHHcKOM

uepKoBHoM

30,l(qeCTBe

,6 e C C

IT

0

pH

0

rr5lTHfJlaBaH

nOC:TpoitKa.

4eTblpe

a6CH,l{hl

o6pa3ylOT B

rrJIaEe

KP~CT,

KPblJIb51

KOToporo IIiHIMbIKalOT

Apyr

k

,l(pyry;

OH

ReCKOJIbKO

BblTHHYT

C 3an8,l(a

Ha

BOCTOK.

TaK

KaK

ri~pe,l(

3ana.l(HOA

~

BOCT04HOH

-

a6CH.l(8~H

patrtOJIb-

}l{eHbl rrp5IMoyrOJIbHbIe IiJIornallKH. APKH, orrHp8B-

-r

i.mecH

'

Ha

'

BHyTpeHHHe

yr

JIbt

9Toro

KpeCTa,

BMeCTe

C

ri8pyca~1k

riolt.li.ep>KHB8JIH

HecymeCTBYlOlUHH

HbIHe

KY-

rtOJI.

Me>KJl.Y

KPblJIbHMH

B yrJIax

3,l{3HH5I

rrOMemeHIi'

. qeTIllpe

rrpH.l(eJI8

"

HS

KOTOP~X

K8>Kllblfi

rrpe,l(CTaS-

-

,

.rmeT

hoUIHH8TIOPf1YIO

KyrrOJIbHyIO

uepKoBKY. Becl)

KOMnJIeKC

H3

nHTH

ttep'

KBeA

3aKJtlO4eH

' B r.pflMO'::

yroJrhHbIA' HapY>KHbIftkOHTYP, n -

pepblBaeMbli%

Tpe-

yro.TfbHblMH:

HHtIlaMH

Me>K,l(y

'

a6CH,l(8MH

H

rrpH,l(eJI3MB.

-

OCH'OBHOH

MaCCHB,

CYJ.J;}l

rro

OCTaTK8M

c,!,eH

J(

Kap-

'

Enl30B,

B03BbIIIIaJICH

iI8,l( yrJIOBblMH

qaCTHMH,

06p33YH

«pecToo6pa3HbIti

aepx

nepKBH C

J1.aYCKaTHhlMH

KPOB-

jf}lMH, kyrrOJioM B neHT-pe H nUfnu3MH

Ha

cpaC8;z(ax.

113';38

pa3pyIIi:eHH~

tpY)lHO '

CKa38Tb,

k8koahi

6uiIit

«pOSJlH

Hall.

yrl[(l~hI,

'

LlO

:

HeCOMHeHHO.

'

lITO

Bee

qe;.

li~

Tblpe

u.epKOBKH

RMenR

KynOJIa.

OIlH

D.

pe,nCTaBJISlJlIf

H3

..

ce6~

He60JlbIllHe

"KynOJIbHble

3aJlhl-,

8

KOTOPblX

,

l<ynoJl,

nOMem.eHHblR

nepea.

CaMhIM

aJITape~,

;0011-

.nepIKHBaJlCH

apKaMR

H

napycaMH,

OCHOBaHHblMH

H.a

Jl.ByX

nHJlOHaX

y

np0.II.OJlbHblX

CTeH

H

yrJlax

a6CH-

-

JlhI.

B

lOrO-BOCTOtIHOii

nepKOBKe

(Ta6.1l. 42)

OTtIeT-

oI'1

.

HBO

BR.II.HbI

apKR,

napyc

H

qaCTb

KapHH3a,

HllYllle~

.

ro

no

Kpyry,

Ha.II.

KOTOPblM

6blJl

BO.3BeJI.eH

6apa6aH.

B. BOCTOlJHhIe npHJI.eJlhI

BXOllhI

BeJlH

H3

lOIKIlPH

Hi:

ceB~

pHoii

a6CHJI.

rJIaBHOii

nepKBH,

B

3anaJI.Hble

-H~

_

3·

amlllHoH

a6cHllhI~

tIepe3

lJ.HpKyJlbHbJe

HHJUH B

re-

BepHoH

H lO>KHOii

CTeHax

npHlleJIOB.

no

60KaM

'

r

JlaBHOH

aJlTapHoA

a6CHJI.hI B

TOJIllle

CT~H

6b1JIB

CKpbITbI

JIBe

KPOXOTHhIe

qaCOBeHKH,

COe)I.HHeHHble·

JI.SepbM H C BOCTOtIHhIMH

YI'JIOBblM

H

nOMemeRHSlMH.

CHapYIKH

c-reHhI

6b1J1H

BepTHKaJIbHO

paCtIJleae-

H.

hI

nOJlYKOJlOHKaMH,

COe)I.HHeHHhIMH

apKaMH,

C

ma-

POBH)I.HhIMH

6a3aMR

H

Ka[JHTeJIHMH.

B

opHaMeHTalJ.HR,

KaK

H Ha

llpyrHx

nOCTpOHKax

X--XI

BB.,

Ha6J1IO-·

llaeTCSI

HeKOTopblR

apxaH3M:

TaK

06paMJleHHH

IO>K~

HoA

H

ceBepHoR

JIBepeR

YKpameHhI

npeBOCxO)I.HO

·

HCnOJIHeHHblMH

aKaHTaMH.

He06blllHa

OT)I.eJlKa

KO-

Hyco06pa3HoA

KPOBJlII

KynOJla,

06h1tIHO

OCTaBJISlB-·

weAcH

6E'3

YKpamellHit

Ha

HeA

6h1JIH

Bblpe3aHhI

pe.llbecpHble

BHHOrpaJIHhIe

rp03JI.H

H

rpaH3TbI,

CBe·

·

mHBaBIllHeCH

Ha

.ll.JIHHHblX cTe6J1S1Jf

OT

BepmOHhI.

.

UepKOBb

AnOCTOJlOB,

cy

llH

no

HallIlRCHM,

6hI~

.113

CBSl3aHa C PO,nOM

naXJlaBYHReB,

H3

KOToporo

~pOlICXO.ll.RJlH

aHHHCKHe

apXHeIlHCKOIlbl.

H

BrpaJla

.

",

. .

saMeTHYIO

pOJlb

B >Klt3HH ropo,ZJ.a; .

B03MO>KHO,

tITO

QHa

HeKOTopoe

BpeMSI CJIY>KHJIa

naTpHapIlleA:

nep-

~OBhlO.

TO'lBafl

llaT8

ee

HeH3seCTHa.

Haa60Jlee

J5t

paHHSHI

HallnHCb

Ha

yneJleBmHX

CTeHax

OTHOCHTCSl

..

K

1031

f.

H

coo(5lllaeT

Jl8mb

0 BKJla.l{e,

CJ\eJlaHHOII

A6yraMpoM,

CblHOM

Bd>.paMa

naXJl3BYHH!

npBMblX

CBH.lleTeJlbCTB 0

nocTpoeHHH

nepKBH

AnOCTOJlOB

neT

·

H

y

.llpeBHHX

HCTOPHKOB, H

)lame

npaB.llHBblA:

CTe-

naH

TapOHCKHH,

TOlJHe,

c

nO.l(p06HOCTBMH

nepelJHC

-

JHIIOIII.HH BbJ.ll3IOlllHeCH

nOCTpOHKH,

B03Be,lI.eHHble

KaK

B

AHif,

TaK

H

33

ero

npeJleJlaMH,

Tome

He

C006III.aeT

0

coopymeHHH

9Toro

pe.llKOrO

no

CBOHM

cpopMaM

- H 6e3YCJlOBHO

Jlo~TcAHoro

ynoMHHaHHSl

-

HapDJly

C

C060pOM

H

xpaMOM

rarHKa

n~MHTHHKa.

OCT3BJIHSI

nOKa

B

CTopOHe

Bonpac

0 npH1JHHaX

MOll·

tJaHHH

HCTopHKa,

nOCMOTpHM,

MOrJla

JIn

uepKOBb

.

AnOCTOJIOB

6b1Tb

nOCTpoeHa

paHee

HalJaJIa XI

B.

-

npH

AIlIOTe

MHJIOCTHBOM HOBaD lJaCTb

rOpOJl3,

f)le

-

HaXOJlHTCB

nepKOBb,

ellle

He

6b1JIa

3amHllleHa

CTe-

HaMH,

H

nOTOMY

Tpy

JlHO

npeJlnOJlO~KHTb,

tJTo6b1

3)leCb

PIa

OTKPblTOM

MeCTt~

~b1JIO

npe.l{npHHHTO

TaKoe

-

xpynHoe

CTpOHTeJIbCTBO;

Bellb

He

CJlYlJaAHO,

HanpH-

Mep,

O~HOBaHHe

aHRHCKoro

c060pa

COBnaJlO C

aa-

aepweHHeM

nocTpoAKH

cM6aTOBblXCTeH.

Kpo~e

Toro

HymHo

YlJeCTb,

tJTO

npR

AWOTe

6b1J1o HalJaTO CO--

opY)KeHHe

naTpHapmeA:

nepKBH

A

AprHHe,

a

Kax

.

nOKa3b1BaIOT

npHBelleHHble

BblllIe

.l{aTbl,

Bce

BblAa-

lOIIJ.HeCH

nepKBK

SToro

BpeMeHH

B

AH~

Hero

nplI.,

-

rop0.llax

B03BOllHJlHCb

. B

cTporoA

nOCJle.1l0BaTeJlb-

-

HOCTH O,ll.Ha

3a

Jlpyroit

no

SToR

)Ke

npHtIHHe

npe,A-

('T3BJlHeTCH

3aTpy

llHHTeJlbHblM

OTHeCTH OCHOBaHRe··

nepKBH

AnOCTOJlOB

Ha

nOCJleAHee

,lI.eCHTHJleTHe X

B~

.

KOr)la

CTPOHJICH

co(5op.

B 992

f.

naTpHapmHA

npe

--

CTOJl 3aHBJI KaTOJlaKOC

CapKHc.

Y

Bap.ll

a

Ha

(Be-

JlHKOfO)

eCTb

ynoMHHaHHe,

'ITO

.OH

(CapKHC)

DO-

-

IM

~

,'

ctPOIfJi

uepKOBb

B' 4eCTh

cny'FHH11.

CBftTOA

PHllcriMe,

,,

6Jid3b

aHHAcKOrO co6opa, Ky,lI.a C OOJIbinHM

Tdp-

iftecTsoM

lIepeHeC

MOW.

'H

HX

H

YCTaHOBHJI

B -

9TO'T

·

.lieHb

OOJIbIUOA

ripa3)(HHK-. B PYKOfIHCHOM C60pHH'

ke

rieCtIOneHHA

1690

' r. nOMeW.eH

"nJIatI

0

ropo.rie

AHH

·

eniicKooa

MOHce5l",

B

KOTOPOM

HMeIOTC5I

cne,ll.yroni.He

CTP

O

<p

h1

:

,

12.

AHreJIOnoJJ.otJHhlil

BJIa,lJ.bIKa

CapKHc,

KaTOJItt-

KOC, Y CBSIToro

Co6opa

nOCTpOHJI

YCblrlaJIbHHUY

Puri-

·

CUMBH.

13. OTnpaBHJICH

OH

B

CBSITOH

34MH3)(3HH,

OT-

KPbliI

MOrHJIY PHnCHMHH H

no)(pyr

H,

B35lB

OT

CBSI-

-

TblX

HX

MOmeH',

npHHec

_ H 6epe)l{HO YJIO)l{HJI no,ll.

KpOBOM.

:

14.

MHO

'

rOJIIO,lJ.HhIH

c060p

OH

YCTPO'HJI

-raMI

, cmpe.z{eJIHJI 6qJIblIIYIO

eHKeHHJO

H, 6Y,lJ.ytIH

ew.e

)l{HB

I

pYKonOJIO)l{HJI BJIa)(hIKY

neTpa.

~·

ECJIH

npe)(nOiOiKHTb,

4TO

9TH

CBH.ZlereJIbCTBa

OT-

I-iOCSITC5l

K uepKBH AnOCTO.,10B,

TO

H B TaKOM CJIY4ae

OHa

.

ace

lKe

He MOrJIa

6h1Tb

OCHOBaHa

paHee

'

1004

r,

Kor,iJ.a

'

CTe'u'

aH

TapoHcKHH

3aBepIUHJI

CBOIO

HCTOpHlO.

neiIo

'B

.

TOM,

tITO

TPY)(

ero;

KaK

OH

caM rORopHT B nOCJIeCJIOBHH.

6h1n

COCTaBJIeH

no

rtpHKa3aHHID

HMeHHO

KaTOJIHKOCa

CapKHca,

H eCiIH

6bl

UePKOBb, ynoMHHaeMaH

Bap.lla-

HOM,

6bIJIa

"'

3aJIO~eHa

MeiK)()' 992

It

1004

rr.

',

TO

06

.

3i'OM

aBTOp

HaBepRoe

6b! C006III.HJI, TeM

60JIee

' tITO

-CapKHCY

OH

nocBHw.aeT

OT.lle-JIbHYIO

rJIasy

·

..

TaKHM-

"o'

6pa

'30M 1

004

'

r.

MO>KeT6hITb

HaH6oJIee ' paHHeA

d

l(aTdH

'~

6cHoBaHH51

uepKBH AnOCTOJlOB, eCJIH;

f{bHeq~

,

*

APMRHCKHH

TeKCT,

OTKpblTblH

H

nO,!lroTOfIJleuHblii

K

H3-

_

~aRHIO

apxHM.

THpaiipoM, C

PYCCKHM

'

hepeao.u.oM

H.

51.

M~p~a:

_

XfjkCT.

Boer,

TOM

Ill,

Bbln.

I.

CTp.

'

3.

.

..

:i

5i

•

HO,

MIi

)J.OnYCTHM,

1JTO

J\arOJlIfKQC 1.3PKPC CTPPUt1

e~

-

OlJ.HOBpeMeH~O

C

rp~H4H03HIiM

?,paWOM

r~f:UJ('.

H;plap

me

~TpOHTeJlbCTBq

noc~p.

101

.5

r.,

C3PKHC

IJ~

"

¥qr

6~

era

3~~OHq~lTl?

n..o

CBO~a

CMepTH

~

lOI~

f." ,

T~~

KaK,

PpH

.

Tqr,p.alllHax

TeMnax

cTpOHTeJJbHhlX

p~(>OT,

1

r.o)J.3:-:-:-CpOK

HBHO

HellOCT3TOtJHhlH.

E,CJlH

.

JilepK08b

AnOCTOJIOB H3tJ3JIH CTPOHTb nOCJle

xpaM3

r~rHKa.

TO

Ha'

H60/lee

BepOHTHblM CTpOHTeJIeM

ee,

nO

r,

p3IpeMY

· MHeHHJO,

Mor

OIiTb

BaXpaM

naXJIaJ3YHH,

..

p~~nOJIara

,

BIpHH

11JUI

T9rQ

JlOCraTOlJHhlMH

MaTepffaJIh-

.

~IllMH

.

~O~MOJKl!0

,

<;nIMH

H

YClIyraMH

nepBOKJIaCCJlblX

MaCTepOB,

cy)J.51

no

npeBOCXO)J.HhlM

nocTpoA

.KaM, /

.K9TQPI;e

notJT1i

OJI.H9~J:

eMeHHO 6hlJlH B03Be)J.eahl B·

MiipMallleH~

H

AH6epll.~

~

BnOJIHe

~CTeCTBeHHO,

.

tJTO

,.

np9CJla~JleHHIiA

BO~H~tJaJlpHUK

Mor

nO)KeJIaTb

yBe-

HOBelJHTb CBoe

HMS

MOHyM~HTaJlbHblM

coopy)KeHH~¥

B PP)J.HoA ,

CTOJIHU.e,

rIle

B He CTOJlb

B~,1J.Hble

npe.ll-

·

CTa~HTeJlH

era

pO)J,a

~O~B~JlH

HeCKOJlb~O

u.epKBeA!

npe.rr.nOJIO)KeHHe,

tJTO

U.ePKOBb AnOCTOJIOB

6b1JI3

GOOPYlKeHa

~

nepBoH

tJeTJ)epTH

Xl

B.~

HaXO)J,HT

y6e-

..

}lBT

,eJlbHOe !,o)J.TBeplK)J.eHJfe B

y6paH

.

CTl~e

~e

JU~~p~Jl,

KOTopoe

pa3pa90T~H9

TaK

lKe,

KaK

H B

APyrHx

3JI~~JI

TeJlbahlX

paMgTijUK~X

nep~oH

nOJIoBHJlIi!C1

~.,

Ha- "

DpHMep

xpawe

rarHKa

H

nepKBH

B

MapMarueJ)e;

CXO)J.~

ublA

H~pSJ)J.

KpO!d~

Toro

BH)J.HN

.

ij

He60Jlblllq~

I1.epK~JI

~J

~.

B

aHHAr.~o~

BhllllropO)J.e.

,UBepH9H

npo~¥

~6pa,,~eH

lllHpOK~M

cTyneatJaTblM

l;laJIlfl1HHKO¥', . .

YBel!lJa~HbJM

60r~TO

y.6paHHhlM

caH~pHKOM.

a

HH~-

. .

}J(lit

ero

· lJaCTH

H4YT

y3Ka~

nO;JIOCKa

~

cyxapij&:~¥lI

'

~

H DOJlC9K C

6YCHH~MH,

a

8h1~e

pn)J.

.3KaHTopetXIl

IJaJlbMeT,

Ha.a;

KOTOPblt.( H3 CKOIIJeijHOrO

BeHtJ~JQg.leFO

-

'

I<apHH3a

BlicTynalOT

~O»OJlbHO

. J<pYI:IHble

3yqP.~,

' "

t~7

-~

~

•

·enHBaIOmHecSI

Hasep"'y

C WHPOKOA

001lKoA,

yKpa-

wenHoA

Jl8HneTI<aMH H

90JlH006pa3HoA

apa6eCKoA

-(PVoc.

55).

Y6paHcTBo

9TOA )l.SepH

oco6eHHO

6J1H3KO

,

I(

06paMJIeHHIO 3ana)l.HOA JlBep.H

60JIbWoA

nepKBH

~

0'DX7XXz:an

I"I'lI.

lID

tIt]

1,1

I1I

n n , j I!

hi

,B

M8pM8weHe,

38KOHlJeH-

BoA

noclpolfKOA,

CorJIac-

U(}

Ha.llnHCH, B

1029

r.

(T86JI. 48).

TaM

Her

TOJIb-

1<0

H~mHero

PSJ.ll8

cyxa-

PHI<OB H

6YCHH

H

opHa-

MeHTa

Ha

BepxHeA

nOJlKe.

ss.

AHK,

CIHIlPHK

HIU,

uepblO

1(.. AnOCTO.lOB.

fpa

m;:a

HCKHe

nocTpoA-

KB

6arpaTH,l(CKOrO

Bpe-

weHB B

AHH

6blJIH

OTKPbl-

~

ThI

rrpw 60JIbWHX

pacKonK8x

1907-8

rr.,

npoH3Be-

,

){eHH~x

H.

51.

MappoM

B aHHHcKoA Il.HTa,l(e.'IH, H3BeCT-

,tJoA

rro.lI.

Ha3BaHHeM

Bblwropo1l8.

XOJIM, Ha

KOTOPOM

pacnOJIOmeH

Bblwropo.lI.,

'

HyeJI

eCTecTBeHHYIO 3aII1.HTY Jf nOTOMY He

6b1JIO

iJa;lJ.06HOCTH B t:TeHax Hat( AXYPHHOM H UBeTHHKoBblM

YlIl.eJIbCM;

co

CTOPOHOI

me

rOpO)l.8

eme

npH

KaMca-

p8i\aH8x

6b1JIH

B03Be.lI.eHbl YKpeIlJIeHHH

H3

rpoMall-

HblX

rpy60

06P860T8HHblX

6JIOKOB, CKpenJ1eHHhIX

>keJIe3HblMH

cKo6a

MH; lJaCTb

9ToA

.lI.peBHep

llIeH

cTe~

HhI

(V

B.), MeCTaMH nepeJIO>KeHHOfi,

06Ha

py

meHa

I

npH

p8CKonKax

co

CTOPOHbI

UBeTHHKOBoro

)

meJIbH.

BepwHHy

XOJIMa

38HHMaJI uapCKHH

!lBOpen.

B

KO-

~OpOM

06HT8JIH qJIeHbI 6arpaTH,l(CKOA !lHH8CTHH, a

' nOCJle

ee

na.lleHHH

CHlleBwHe

B

AHa

npaBHTeJlH.

JlBOpll.OBble nOCTpOHKH HMelOT pH.lt H8CJIOeHHH, KO-

'TOpble'

He nO.ll,l(alOTCg TOqHoA !laTH pOBKe.

,UalKe

1'58

Bonpoc

0

BpeMeHH

nOCTpOeSHH

6alHJIHQHOA

!lBOp·

.

JJ.OBOA:

n.epKSif,

OTHOCHIll,eAcH

He'COMHeflHO K

11.0-

6arpaTHJlCKOMY

nepHOJlY

H

coxpaHHBweA

o

B

cBoeA

opHaMeHTaUHH

OtIeHb

.u.peSHHe

tIepTbl,

Bbl3blBaJI

nepBO-

HatIaJIbHO

pa:'iJJHt{Hble

COMHeHHSI.

3Ta

npOCTeHhKaH

no

BHemHe\ty

BH4Y

nepKOBb

BeChMa

HHTepeCHa

1l.JJSI

HCCJJeAOBaTeJJH

He

TonbKO

-csoe06pa3HoA

opHdMeOTaII.HeA,

HO

H CaMOH:

apXH-

1'eKT)

PHOM

KOMfi03HUHeA,

n

peKpaCHO

nOHCHHlOllleR,

KaK

30AQHe

MOr/lH

npH1l.TR K R1l.ee

KynOJIbHblX

no-

·~

CTpoeK,

nOD.06HblX

R3seCTHblM

HaM

uepKsaM

B

Ba-

rapmanaTe

(llloraK~lT)

H B n I

rHH.

OHa

.

npellCTaB-

.JIHeT

R3

ce6H

He'60JIbnIYIO,

BblTsniYTYIO

· C

3aria)1a

Ha

BOCTOK,

CBOJ\tIaTYIO

3aJIy,

3aKaHtIRHalOlllYlOCSI

aJlTap-

HOi\-

a6cR.ll.oA

{pHC.

fiG'.

CeBepHaH

H IO>KHaH

CTeHbl

·

HMeIOT

no

)l.Be

nHJIHCTpbl,

Ha

KOTopble

onHpalOTCH

nepe6pOIIIeHHble

B.ll.OJIb

HX

TpH

apKH

·,

HeCYIUHe

nHpKyJIbH~M

CBon,

CKpbJT~A

non

.ll.BYCKaTHoA

KpOB-

.

JIeA.

R

ll.epKBaX

9Toro

BHna

nHJl5ICTpbl,OTSeqaIOIUHe

n01l.IIPY>KHbIM

apK21M CRO.lla,

06b14HO

6LlsalOT

HeBe-

JIRKH;

3neCb

)he

QH"

CRJlbHO

BblcTynalOT

H3

CTeH

H,

nOXOD.SI

60JJbWe

Ha

IIHJJOHbI,

no

CBOHM

pa3MepaM

..

,..

BUOJJHe 1l.0

C

TaTOtIHbI

1l.JIH

npHH~THH

HarpY3KH

OT

KynOJIa,

eCJJH

6bI

B

CBoe

BpeMH

HM

B3.llYMaJIH

yseH-

qaTh

CTpoeHHe.

Ero

MO>KHO

6hIJIO

nOCT3sHTb,

He

DPOH3BO.ll.a

HHKaKHX

OpraHHQeCKHX

H3MeHeHHA

B

·

cxeMe

IIOCTPOi\KH;

1l.0CTaTOtIHO 6b1J10

TOJIhKO

pa3-

,llBHHyTh

nRJIHCTpbl

C

TaKHM

pnCqeTOM,

tIT06bl

B

.cpe.ll.HeA

tI(JCTH

IIOJIytIHJIC~

KBa.llpaT,

Ka

K 3TO c.u.eJIa-

. HO

B

paHHHX

. •

KynOJIbHblX

3aJla

x

".

Bo

,lI.BOpeu

IIona.u.JJIH

Qe·

pe3

BXO,ll.

co

CTOPOHbl

.

UseTHHKoBoro

Yllle'JIhH,

3a

KOTOPbUt

IIIeJI

)J.JIHHHhlK

159

~qJlPHJlOp'

(a), 4

e

.'HJ

B

lli.

H

i%

~.llaFf~e

f-la

,l{Be

lJa~TlJ

(pHC.

p6)~

:a~e

JlOMem..eJJ~H

6h1,rIH

CKpblTW

D08

r.g~

CThI~

cJIoeM

~e1dJItI

H TOJIbKO

ppc~e

ptJH~lKH

PT

~H~e

Dp'eJl.<:TaJHIJJP~p.

~O~MO~JlhlM

CO~TaBHTb

fl3BecTlipe

npe.llCTaBJIeHJle

0

JJ~pBOJIp

tJaJIpHOM

JlH4e

qOKO~B,

;

..

A » j

...

,

56.

AUK.

nJlaH

.a.BopIta

B Bblwrop0Jl,e.

a-l(0ppHJl,0p. O-fia3HJlHQHblH

3aJl'

8-CeBepO-aanaJl,BbJH alJI.

r-KpecTOQb;lH

aan.

A-BauII.

e-UJlcrcpHfJ·

IlOrH~IlJHX

OT

60JlbIJH>fO

qO>Kapa.

J(

c~JJepy

oT

KOp-

pH

.JI.Opa KQMHaTIJ

pacJIOJlarpllH~b

lJaCrbIe

:a

O,lJ.HH,

'1aCTbJO B

,lJ.Ba

9TalKa,

npHQeN

BTOpoff

aTaiK

aaijB

-

lOO

Токарский Н.М. Архитектура древней Армении

Подождите немного. Документ загружается.