Pumping Station Desing - Second Edition by Robert L. Sanks, George Tchobahoglous, Garr M. Jones
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1024
Index terms Links
Radial thrust 265
Radial vibration 675 676 832
RCPP. See Reinforced concrete pressure pipe
Reciprocating pumps 279
Recommended minimum pump discharge rate
(RMPDR) 465
Recorders, data 626
Record-keeping 827
Reduced-voltage motor starters 196
Reduced-voltage, nonreversing (RVNR) motor starters 624
Regenerative turbine pumps 312
Regulating valves 468
Regulatory agency requirements 499 535
Reinforced concrete pressure pipe (RCPP) design 792
as approach pipe to sump 372
for buried service 79
failures of 90
fittings 91
joints 91
linings 83 91
sizes and thickness 91
standards and specifications, recommended 924
types of 80
Relays 188 625
Resilient seated gate valves 117 118
Resilient pipe supports 682
Resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) 622
Resonance
acoustic 679
avoiding 646
definition of 657 661
parametric 657
of pipe 676
of supporting structures 690
wave 662
1025
Index terms Links
Resonators 683
Reynolds number 63 574 575 577 578
Rhodamine WT 59
Richardson Construction Cost Trend Reporter 852
River intakes
Billings 538
climate, effect of 534 536
design considerations 533 538
fish protection screens 535
flood high water 534
frazil ice 535
ice jams 535
low water 534
stable channels 536
trash and debris 535
Rodding 598 610
Rotary lobe pumps 279 280 310 584 783
Rotordynamic analysis 647
Rotordynamics 656
Rubber flapper check valves 126
S
Safety
access to equipment 742
blunders, avoiding 828
confined space entry 707
design checklist 941
as design consideration 3 170 769
in dry wells 707
electrical, OSHA and UL standards 219
electrical shock 182 183
emergency lighting 210
equipment labeling 222
explosive atmosphere measurement 620
fire 621 961
1026
Index terms Links
Safety (Continued)
hazardous environments 705
hazards 3
of hot water heating system 732
hydrogen sulfide, effects of 621
hydrogen sulfide (toxic gas) 710
and instrument voltage 628
intrusion detection 621
lightning protection 207
of personnel 706 742
and pipe placement 342
seismic requirements 222 793
and sludge piping selection 599
and valves 110 130
in wet wells 706
Sanitary drainage, piping for 105
SCADA. See Supervisory control and data acquisition
systems
Screens 757
Screw pumps 281 312 778
Scum 833 840
Seals
bearing 290
mechanical 757 832
mechanical vs. packing 492
in nonclog pumps 295
pump shaft 290
replacement of 832
of self-priming pump 298
water systems 313 597
Security
as design consideration 769
intrusion alarms 621
Seismic requirements 222 793
Self-priming pumps 298 340 854
1027
Index terms Links
Separately coupled pumps 282 292 294
Sewage pumping stations. See Wastewater pumping
stations
Sewer pipe
design 44
selection 79 104
Shaft
sleeves 288 962
vibration 685
See also Pump shaft
Shear gates 120
Shipment of large pumps 339 492 863 912
Short-setting pumps 307
Shut-off valves, as transient control device 166
Sinusoidal waveform 662
Site selection
access 739
acoustic treatment 642
blunders, avoiding 828
of Clyde Wastewater Pumping Station 804
factors to consider 763
hydrogen sulfide investigation 764
and noise levels 642
for raw water pumping stations 534
subsurface investigations 763
for wastewater pumping stations 496
SI units
base 879
conversion to U.S. customary units 881
derived, and physical quantities 880
prefixes 881
use of 2
weights and measures equivalents 885
See also Abbreviations
Slam. See Valve slam
1028
Index terms Links
Slanting disc check valves 126
Sleeve couplings 73 74 80 835
Slip drives
advantages and disadvantages of 470
eddy-current 478
efficiency of 478
for flowrate or pressure regulation 468
liquid rheostats 480
recovery drives 471 482
Slip energy recovery 468
Sludge
characteristics of 574 580
data for types of 577
flow 62 574 835
headloss calculations for 580
headloss in laminar flow 574
headloss in turbulent flow 579
laminar-turbulent transition 577
thixotropy 580
Sludge pumping stations
design considerations 782
design problems 573
grinders 598
hydraulic design 574 771
long-distance piping 599
pipe size and lining 573
piping system design 595
pumps for 314 581
pump size 573
system design 585
Sludge pumping station design examples 587
Sludge pumps
types, comparison of 783
Sluicegates 119
and cleaning trench-type sumps 368
1029
Index terms Links
Sodium chloride tracers 60
Solenoids 187
Solid wedge gate valves 118
Sonic meters 616
Sound, speed of in liquids 680
Sound traps 643 696
Special equipment. See Application-engineered
equipment
Specific speed 254
Specifications. See Project specifications; Technical
specifications
Speed controller lockout range 647
Spring isolator 672
Spring-loaded check valve levers
headlosses for 900
and valve slam 122
Squirrel-cage induction motors
characteristics of 410
controllers for 194
design and operation of 405
and direct-drive systems 424
as pump drivers 407
service factors 414
Stairwells 749 829
Standards and codes 2
for design 929
for ductile iron pipe 923
electrical 219
electrical design 927
for electric motors 403
electrical fundamentals 927
for engines 928
for flow in conduits 923
for heating, ventilating, and cooling 708 929
importance of 846
1030
Index terms Links
Standards and codes (Continued)
for instrumentation and control devices 928
for joints 71
limitations of 846
for motors 928
NFPA 219
for pipes and fittings 923
piping materials 103
for pumps and drivers 928
reference, in specifications 848
for station layout 929
Ten-State 36
for valves 926
See also Quality assurance
Standby power
for Clyde Pumping Station 807
engine-generator 204 421 439 756
facilities 743
types of 787
Standpipes 161 165
Start-up
automatic controls, devices, and monitors 954
blunders, avoiding 831 833
bubbler systems 954
chlorination check 953
cleaning wet wells 959
compressed air systems 956
control panel and electrical systems 953
of control tanks 957
electrical systems 946
of engines, design criteria 432
of lag pumps 465
of lineshaft pumps 952
of motors, frequency 417
operational checks for small stations 950
1031
Index terms Links
Start-up (Continued)
pre-start-up check 944
pre-visit check 944
of pumping stations 943
reduced-voltage (soft) 414
submersible well pumps 951
team 943
vacuum priming systems 954 954
well pumps 951
wet wells 958
for wet-well cleaning 959
Static head 121
Station piping 322 334 342
for Clyde Pumping Station 808
Steel pipe
for buried service 79
coatings and linings 39 75 85 87
for diesel fuel service 104
for exposed service 70
fittings for 78
flanges 40
flow data 892
joints 40 81 83
linings for 76
material 85
sizes 85
for sludge 595
standards and specifications, recommended 924
Steilacoom Wastewater Pumping Station P&ID
diagrams 500
Step-output converters 475
Stop plates 120
Storage required for C/S pumping stations 370 389 819
equation for 370
Storing tools, spare parts 768
1032
Index terms Links
Storm drainage, piping for 105
Strain gauge and capacitance transmitters 612
Structural design
abbreviations 792
ACI 350 code 794
adjacent structures 800
anchors 799
architectural considerations 743
blunders, avoiding 837
building materials, STC ratings for 696
caissons 496
concrete mix design 795
design checklist 938
design criteria and analysis 793
design of, detailed layout phase 500
design parameters 792
detailing reinforcement 799 836
dynamic analysis of buildings 644 794
geotechnical considerations 792
materials of construction 759
standards and codes for 929
tremie seal 496
vibration of 656 662 689 794 837
waterstops 796
watertightness 796
Stuffing box cover 289
Submersible pumps
advantages-disadvantages 339 772
blunders, avoiding 830
cables 772 831
centrifugal 282 285
close-coupled, design of 292
construction costs of 854
depth of wet wells for 755
discharge elbows for 755
1033
Index terms Links
Submersible pumps (Continued)
vs. dry pit pumps 753
maintenance schedule 340
nonclog 296 345 346 581 776
operation and maintenance costs of 754
position of 360
removal of 754 772 830
short-setting 308
start-up check 946 951
vertical 301
vortex 293
wet pit vs. dry pit installations 753
Subsurface conditions
investigation 763
and station site selection 496
Suction case 302
Suction cover 289
Suction piping 645 820
Suction pressure
constant, in V/S pumping system 460
design considerations 341
variable, and minimum discharge rate 462 465
variable, in V/S pumping system 459 462
Sumps
air entrainment 340
appraisal of 350
approach pipe 370 390
blunders, avoiding 829
cleaning 959
design considerations 105 321 500 502
design examples 381
dry well drainage 638
hopper-bottom 357 398 959
intake 741
for large pumps 356 399