Pumping Station Desing - Second Edition by Robert L. Sanks, George Tchobahoglous, Garr M. Jones
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994
Index terms Links
Headroom 829
Heaters 441 717
Heating
checklist 940
coil energy-recovery loops 717
costs 708
design criteria 708
design of systems 728
design steps 718
of dry wells 707 714
duct design 709
electrical space heaters 221
energy sources for 716
equipment, load estimating 230
HVAC, See Air conditioning, Cooling, Ventilation
heat wheels 717
load calculations 721 728
of motors and windings 419
need for 705
peak gain 721
pipe coils 717
plate heat exchangers 717 718
standards and codes for 929
symbols 27
types of 728
in wet wells 710
Hedstrom number 578 579
High-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe 79 88
High-pressure piston pumps 584
Hoisting equipment 746 756 789 835 837
Hoop tensile stress 93
H-Q curves. See Head-capacity curves
Humidity
and electrical equipment 714
humidistat 733
995
Index terms Links
Humidity (Continued)
and ventilation 707
Hydraulic coupling 468
Hydraulic design 804
blunders, avoiding 829
of Clyde Wastewater Pumping Station 804
for easy operation and maintenance 740
of Kirkland Wastewater Pumping Station 810 812
of pumping stations 2 328 498 503
of sludge pumping station 574
Hydraulic forces, unbalanced 51
Hydraulic grade line (HGL) 34 141 149 156
Hydraulic Institute (HI) Standards 65
Hydraulic transients
analysis 140 150
causes of 139
computers for modeling 151 172
containment of 164
and control of pumps 160
control strategies 153 165
control tanks, use of 161
definition of 139
in distribution systems 176
downsurges 141 149
eliminating 153
flow and friction 148
and force main design 801
and pipe design 170
in sewage pumping stations 169
surge in frictionless flow 141
symbols 140
theory 139
valve closure 145
valves, use of 162
in water pumping stations, control of 164
996
Index terms Links
Hydraulics, fundamentals of 33
Hydraulics Laboratory of U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Waterways Station 352
Hydrocarbon monitors 620
Hydrogen sulfide
catalytic detectors 620
and corrosion 718
detectors 621 709
effects and standards of 711
and electrical equipment 714
investigation 764
in wet wells, and ventilation 706 765
Hydrokinetic drives. See Fluid coupling drives
Hydropneumatic tanks. See Control tanks
Hydrostatic drives 468 471 483
I
Ice 535 538 541 710
IGBT converters 475
Immersible head transmitter 608
Impellers
cavitation in 255 256 257
in centrifugal pumps 284 581
designs 287
diameter and speed, equations for 252 264
fixed efficiency loss 266
inducers 260
linings and coatings for 758 962
in nonclog pumps 294
overhung 282 284 292
and performance curves 56
selection 40
of self-priming pump 298
single-vane 832
velocity diagram for 249
997
Index terms Links
Impellers (Continued)
of vertical pumps 302
in vortex pumps 581
for VTSH pump 297
for wet well pumps 296
Inducers 260
Inductance 182 184
Inflation and escalation 861
Infrared gas detectors 620
Inhibitors 712
Inlet conditions 340 829 830
Inspection
electrical equipment 240 946 953
pumps 488 945 951
start-up 942
Instrument air. See Compressed air
Instrumentation and control
abbreviations 629
automatic 791
booster pumping station 631
at Clyde Wastewater Pumping Station 808
complex instrumentation 791
design checklist 939
diagrams (P&IDs) 629
high-service pumping stations 632
large wastewater pumping stations 636
minimum needed 791
moderately sized lift stations 635
operators' preferences 748
recording 791
small wastewater lift stations 633
symbols 28
well pump with hydropneumatic tank 630
Instrumentation and control devices
accuracy of 604 613
998
Index terms Links
Instrumentation and control devices (Continued)
air pressure 621
altitude valves 625
battery charger operation 622
cases, explosionproof 604
chlorine gas leak detectors 621
chlorine residual measurement 619
control equipment 623
control logic 624
control power availability 622
design considerations 627
electrical parameters 620
environmental safety 620
explosive atmosphere 620
fire detection 621
flow measurement 612
fuel levels 621
hydrogen sulfide gas detectors 621
instrusion detection 621
level measurement 605 758
measurement types 604
monitoring and data acquisition 626
open channel flow measurement 618
oxygen depletion 621
package systems 604
portable detectors 706
pressure measurements 610
protective enclosures 628
pumping unit monitors 622
reliability 601
sample pumps running 622
selection of 601
signal transmission 604
standards and codes for 928
symbols 29
temperature 620
999
Index terms Links
Instrumentation and control devices (Continued)
variables measured 605 606
Insulation, electric 200 413
Intake basins
approach pipe 370
design 350 356
pump sump problems 351
raw water 533
and solids-bearing waters 355
storage volume 370
See also Sumps, Wet Wells
Intake piping, design considerations 341
Intakes
from aqueducts 544
river and lake 523
well 551
Interbay Pumping Station 508
Interest formulas
arithmetic series gradients 861
equivalence 860
inflation and escalation 861
Intrusion, alarm systems 621
Isolation theory, of vibration 669
Isolation valves 110 835
J
Jameson Canyon Raw Water Pumping Station 816
Jockey pump 465 866 874
Joints. See Pipe joints
Joint ventures 6
Junction boxes 201 836
K
Kinetic pumps 277
Kirkland Pumping Station 514 516 810
1000
Index terms Links
Klixons 622
Knee
and air scouring velocity 154
and column separation 149
Knife gate valves 118
L
Ladders and circular stairs 829
Lag pumps 451 454 465
Lakes
design consideration for intakes 536
tower intakes 536 540 541
Laminar flow 35
Landscaping 739 748 765
Lateral vibration
analysis of 647
definition of 642
Library 8
Life cycle costs
comparison of C/S vs. V/S pumping 863
effect of maintenance on 340
general 4
for valves 109
Lift check valves 125
Lift stations. See Wastewater pumping stations
Lifting eye 789
Lighting
convenience outlets 211 836
design of pumping station 232 768
emergency 210
energy conservation 209
exterior 210
interior 208 836
load estimating 229
operators' preferences 748 759
1001
Index terms Links
Lighting (Continued)
switching 210
symbols 32
transformers 230
Lightning
and adjustable frequency drives 477
protection 207
Lime 712
Limit switches for check valves 457
Linabond® 361 800
Linear voltage differential transformer (LVDT) 602
Lineshaft pumps 301 307 832 952
Linings
for concrete 800
See also Coatings and linings, Pipe linings
Liquid level measurement 605
Liquid rheostat drives. See Slip drives
Lithium chloride tracers 60 62
Litigation, avoiding 7 641
Lomakin effect 648 658
Long force mains 39 624
See also Force mains
Low flywheel effect 121
Low suction-lift turbine pump, as surge control device 169
Lubrication of vertical pumps 306 307
M
Magnetic flowmeters 615
Maintenance
costs of 857
of differential pressure elements 610
of flowmeters 597
of gas detectors 709
guidelines 741
1002
Index terms Links
Maintenance (Continued)
of heating systems 732
of instrumentation 601 627 628
pigging 101 598
of pumping stations 340
of pumps 340 344
rodding 598 610
of sludge pumping stations 582 583 584 598
Manifold piping 86
Manning equation 43
errors in 44 901
Manometers 46 55 612
Manufacturers
equipment specifications 743
prices from 863
recommendations of 2
recommended reading 3
Marriot jar 59
Mechanical engineering 762 940
Mediation 8
Methane 620 706
detectors 709
Metric units. See SI units
Microprocessor controllers 625
Microwave level measurement system 608
Mill pipe 85
Mini-trials 8
Mistakes. See Blunders, avoiding
Mode shapes 656
Models of wet wells 63
acceptance criteria 64
construction 64
required 63
similitude 63
tests 65
1003
Index terms Links
Models of wet wells (Continued)
vortices 65
Momentum equation 35
Monitoring and data acquisition
annunciators 626
telemetry 626
Monorails. See Hoisting equipment
Motion-balance principle 602
Motors, electric
across-the-line starters 195
for adjustable-frequency drives 475
advantages and disadvantages, as pump drivers 404
bearings 419
blunders, avoiding 836
branch circuits and controllers 194
close-coupled 785
constant and adjustable speed systems 410
control centers 198 713
control circuits and devices 196 623
cooling 767 837
definitions 401
derating for altitude 962
design checklist 421
enclosures for 403 412 414
function of 405
heaters 419
insulation 413
load maximum 414
lock-out stop 742
moisture sensors 420
mountings 403
multispeed 409
name-plate ratings 216
reduced-voltage starters 196
selection of 782 786 787