Markovchick Vincent J., Pons Peter T., Bakes Katherine M.(ed.) Emergency medicine secrets. 5th ed
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INDEX748
spinal, 574-580
thoracic, 596-601
ultrasound evaluation of, 34-36
Traumatic brain injury, inflicted, 456
Trench fever, 367
Trench foot, 405
Trendelenburg position, 31
Triage
in multiple casualty incidents (MCIs), 387
of stroke patients, 156
Trichomoniasis, 339
Tricyclic antidepressants, 664
as cardiopulmonary arrest cause, 14
overdose of, 476
pediatric ingestion of, 530
Trimethobenzamide, 95-96t
Troponin I, 203
Tuberculosis
as adrenal insufficiency cause, 322
as arthritis cause, 371t
as meningitis cause, 163t
as myocarditis cause, 232
as pneumonia cause, 184
Tularemia, 363t, 366-367
as biological weapon, 707, 709, 709t
Twiddler’s syndrome, 216
Tympanic membrane, perforation/rupture of, 143
lightning-related, 384, 388t
Typhus, 367
Tyramine, as transient hypertension cause, 220
U
Ulcers
aphthous (canker sores)
differentiated from herpetic lesions, 150
treatment for, 151
corneal, 131, 320
genital, 341, 346
pyoderma gangrenosum-related, 381
as tetanus cause, 352
Ulna, fractures of, 626
Ulnar nerve
motor function testing of, 634
sensory distribution of, 633, 634f
Ultrasonography, emergency, 34-40
of abdominal trauma, 34-35, 35f, 36, 39t
for appendicitis diagnosis, 88, 442
of blunt abdominal trauma, 603
cardiac, 38, 39t
of cholecystitis, 249, 249b
color flow Doppler, of vascular neck injuries, 594
duplex, of deep venous thromboembolism, 191
fetal, 615
focused abdominal sonography for trauma (FAST),
603-604, 606
pelvic, 37, 39t
of renal stones, 257
for trauma evaluation, 34-36, 39t
Uncal herniation syndrome, 584
Unconscious patients, overdose diagnosis in, 475-476
Unipolar disorder, 663
Upper extremity, musculoskeletal trauma to, 624-626
Ureter
intravenous pyelogram visualization of, 256
obstruction of, imaging of, 256-257
penetrating injuries to, 611
Ureterolithiasis, 63
Urethra, traumatic injuries to, 611
tears, 610, 626
Urethritis, 270, 340
Urethrogram, retrograde, 611
Uric acid, in gout, 373
Uric acid renal stones, 255-256
Urinalysis
in appendicitis, 240
in poisoning patients, 476
in renal colic, 257
routine, 271
Urinary retention
acute, 264-269
chronic, 264
Urinary tract, ultrasound evaluation of, 39t
Urinary tract infections, 270-275
complicated, 272, 272b, 274
recurrent, in men, 274
as serious bacterial infection component, 417
uncomplicated, 272
Urine cultures, 271-272
Urine dipstick tests, 257, 271
Urine drug screens, for cocaine use, 521
Urine output, in shock patients, 28
Urine strainers, 259
Urological surgical patients, bacteriuria treatment in,
270
Uropathy, obstructive, as oncologic emergency, 297t
Urticaria, 121
acute, 377
USED CARP (mnemonic), for normal anion gap
metabolic acidosis, 308
Uveitis, infectious mononucleosis-related, 449
Uterine rupture, 555
V
Vaginal discharge, abnormal, 339-340
Vaginosis, bacterial, 340
Valvular heart disease, as chest pain cause, 80
Vancomycin, as toxic shock syndrome treatment,
350
Varicella (chickenpox), 376, 448
Varices, esophageal, 237, 252
Vascular access
in hemodialysis patients, 277, 277b
in neonates, 470, 470t
in pediatric patients, 469
Vascular injuries
electrical, 391t
to the neck, 591, 594
Trauma (Continued)
INDEX 749
Vasculitis
Hymenoptera sting-related, 499
leukocytoclastic (hypersensitivity), 381
misdiagnosed as spider bite, 380
Vasopressin
as cardiac arrest treatment, 12-13, 16
as septic shock treatment, 329
Vasopressors, use in cardiac arrest, 16
Vecuronium, 23
Venography, 191
Venous access, in children, 618
Venous lakes, as melanoma mimic, 380
Ventilation
assessment of, 18
assisted, 18
in out-of-hospital setting, 11
mechanical. See Mechanical ventilation
noninvasive, 171
percutaneous transtracheal, 27
Ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) scan, 191-192
Ventilator modes, 172
Ventilators, settings for, 171-172, 172t
Ventricular arrhythmia, propoxyphene-related, 515
Ventricular fibrillation
as cardiopulmonary arrest cause, 12-13
treatment of, 14
Ventricular tachycardia, 210
differentiated from supraventricular rhythm with
aberrancy, 210
sudden pulseless, 12
Ventriculostomy, as increased intracranial pressure
treatment, 585
Verapamil, contraindication in wide-complex
tachycardia, 211
Vercuronium, for rapid-sequence intubation, 21-22t
Vertebral basilar insufficiency, 110, 133t
Vertigo, 107-108
benign paroxysmal positional, 107, 108-109, 108t
central, 107, 109
peripheral, 107, 108t
Vesicles, 375t
Vestibular system, 107
Vestibulo-ocular reflex, 108
Vibrio infections, 335
food poisoning, 355-356
Vincent, Charles, 51
Violent patients
hypoglycemia in, 316
management of, 670-676
psychotic, 658
Virchow triad, of thromboembolism, 188
Viruses. See also specific viruses
as myocarditis and pericarditis cause, 232-233
Vision loss, nontraumatic causes of, 132-133, 133t
Vision testing, 133
Visualization, of patients, 8
Vital signs
abnormal, 8
in chest pain patients, 83
in comatose patients, 71
in elderly patients, 41, 42-43
field, 8
importance of, 7
most inaccurate, 8
in shock patients, 29
Vitamin K deficiency, 286
Vocal cord dysfunction, 174
Volume expanders, use in neonatal resuscitation,
471
Volume replacement therapy, 302-303
for electrical burn patients, 392
Volvulus
gastric, 236
midgut, 443
Vomiting, 92-96
antiepileptic drug-related, 429
bilious, in neonates, 443
causes of, 92-93, 94b
myocardial infarction-related, 202
in pediatric patients, 440
neonates and infants, 443, 444b
peritoneal irritation-related, 88
projectile, 443
relationship to pain, 87
von Willebrand’s disease, 285-286
VPCs, 49
Vulvovaginitis, 271
W
Waddell’s triangle, 630
Warfarin, 286, 288
effect on coagulation factors, 286
Warts, genital, 339
Washington, George, 141
Wasp stings, 499
Wasting syndromes, HIV-related, 342t
Weapons of mass destruction (WMD), 699-714
Wernicke’s encephalopathy, 308
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, 483
Westermark’s sign, 83-84
West Nile virus, 362, 500
Wet drownings, 395
Wheals, 375t
Wheezing
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related,
177
differential diagnosis of, 174, 177
WHHIMP (mnemonic), for acute psychosis etiology,
660
White blood cell count
in appendicitis, 240, 442
in arthritis, 369-370, 371t
in systemic inflammatory response syndrome
(SIRS), 327
Whitlow, 635
Whooping cough (pertussis), 451
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome, 209
Women, chest pain in, 84
Vital signs (Continued)
INDEX750
Wounds
botulism of, 354-355
closure of, 645, 649-650, 651, 651t, 652t
contaminated, 648-649
differentiated from dirty wounds, 649
foreign bodies in, 649
infection of, 649, 687
infection prevention in, 647
management of, 645-656
tetanus-prone, 353
Wrist, traumatic injury to, 625
X
Xerosis, AIDS-related, 344-345
X-rays
abdominal
for abdominal pain evaluation, 89
for appendicitis diagnosis, 442
for gallstone diagnosis, 249
kidney-ureter-bladder (KUB), 255
in pediatric patients, 446t
for renal colic diagnosis, 255
for vomiting evaluation, 94
of ankle injuries, 627
for arthritis evaluation, 369
cervical, in comatose patients, 72
chest
for abdominal pain evaluation, 89
of aortic dissection, 223
for chest pain evaluation, 83-84
in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 177
contraindication in bronchiolitis, 435-436
contraindication in smoke inhalation patients,
508
of diaphragmatic rupture, 603
effective radiation doses in, 61t
for endotracheal tube placement confirmation,
26
for myocarditis evaluation, 232
in near-drowning victims, 397-398
for pneumonia diagnosis, 181, 182t
of pulmonary embolism, 191
of foreign bodies, 649
of head trauma, 586
of laryngeal injuries, 595
for mandibular fracture diagnosis, 151
of musculoskeletal trauma, 623-624
nasal, 570
during pregnancy, 614
radiation exposure from, 61
of shoulder dislocations, 625
spinal, 576-578
of wounds, 649
Y
Yellow fever, 500
Young adults, suicide in, 666
Z
Ziprasidone, as chemical restraint, 674-675t
Zolpidem, 519
Zygoma, fractures of, 571
X-rays (Continued)