Lyons W.C. (ed.). Standard handbook of petroleum and natural gas engineering.2001- Volume 1
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
Thermodynamics
225
a
9
+
%
I-
ll
I
U
%
a
I
k
v)
I
B
+
3
II
I
v)
I-
I
3
I1
a
a
U
>
-k
II
LL
U
b
I
II
LL
226
General Engineering and Science
T
Qin
yq
&
0
condenser
0
I
S
(0)
(b)
Figure
2-36.
(a)
Schematic diagram
of
system.
(b)
T-S
diagram
of
process.
(text
continued
from
page
223)
The efficiency of power cycles such as the Rankine cycle is given by the ratio of
the net work out to the heat added. Thus from Figure
2-36
the efficiency is
(2-154)
The
H-S
plot
is
called a Mollier diagram and is particularly useful in analyzing
throttling devices, steam turbines, and other fluid flow devices.
A
Mollier diagram
for steam is presented in Figure
2-37
(standard engineering units) and in Figure
2-38
in
SI
units.
Thermodynamic properties may be presented in various ways, including:
Equations of state (e.g., perfect gas laws, Van der Waals equation, etc.).
Charts
or
graphs.
tables.
Tables
2-20-2-25
present thermodynamic properties for several pure substances
For further information
on
this subject, refer to References
15
through
26.
commonly encountered in petroleum engineering practice.
(text
continues
on
page
240)
Thermodynamics
227
Entropy
BtuAb
f
Entropy
Btullb.
F
Figure
2-37.
Mollier
diagram
for
steam.
SOURCE:
Steam Tables
in
SI-Units,
Springer-Verlag.
1984.
General Engineering and Science
Figure
2-38.
Mollier (enthalpy-entropy) diagram for steam.
SOURCE:
Steam, its generation
and
use,
The
Babcock
$
Wilcox Co.,
1978.
Thermodynamics
229
Abs
P-.
psi
1
.(I
1.2
1.1
I
.6
1
.X
2
0
2.2
24
2.6
2.8
3.0
4.11
5.1)
ti.0
7.0
8.0
!?.I)
10
I1
I?
I3
14
14.1596
15
1
(i
I7
1X
19
211
21
22
29
24
L1
r
-.?
26
27
2X
2')
30
9
I
32
33
31
35
3
ti
37
98
39
ini.i-1
107.92
113.26
117.99
122.23
126.08
129.tiP
132.89
135.94
138.7Y
141.4H
152.97
162.21
li(1.06
176.8,;
182.86
m.?x
1!13.21
197.75
201.96
20.i
XU
")9.56
21
2.00
'IY.07
5lti.je
219.44
222.41
L"25.2.4
227
51%
230.57
233.07
235.49
237.X2
240.07
2q2.25
2-14
36
246.
i
1
24x.411
250.3s
"52.2:!
254.05
255.84
2.57.0x
259.28
260.9.5
26'2.57
264.16
265.72
__
Table
2-20
Properties
of
Saturated Steam
(hf
and
sf
are
measured from
32°F)
Specific
volume
-
Liquid
0.016i.i
ooitm
0.01616
0.01618
0.016"1
0.01623
0.01624
0.016'26
0.0
1689
0.016:i(I
0.01tii96
0
0
1641)
0.01645
0.01649
0.01653
0.01656
0.1)1659
0.01662
0.01665
0.111667
O.(Il670
0.0
l67?
O.IJl67'2
0.0
1674
0.01677
0.01678
n.oi627
0
OMXI
0.016~5
001683
0.01tix;
0.01689
0
(Illi91
0
n
I
IW
0
01694
O.Ol696
0.01698
0.0
1694
001701
001702
0.01704
0.01705
0.01
707
0.01
708
0.01709
0
01711
0.01
712
0.01714
~
333.6
280.9
243.0
214.3
191.8
173.71
158.85
146.38
135.78
126.66
118.71
90.63
73.Y2
61.98
53.64
47.:44
42.40
38.42
35.14
32.40
30.06
28.04
26.XO
26.P!I
24.71
23.3!1
22.1
7
21.08
20
11x9
19.192
18.375
17Si27
I
6.9J8
I6.3O3
1.5.715
15.170
14.663
14.1x9
13.746
12.940
12.572
12.226
I
1.89X
11.588
11.294
1
1.015
10.750
13.330
-
-
Liquid
69.70
75.87
85.91
90.14
93
99
97.52
100.79
103.83
106.68
109.37
120.86
130.13
137.96
144.76
130.79
156.22
161.17
165.73
169.96
173.91
177.61
1
X(1.07
181.11
184.42
187.56
190.96
193.42
19G
16
198.79
201.33
203.78
206.14
208.*2
210.62
212.75
214.83
216.86
918.82
220.73
L"'2.59
524.41
""6.
18
227.91
231.26
232.89
254.48
~1.20
m.6n
__
Enthalpy
Evap
1036.3
1032.7
102~1.6
11)26.9
10'24.5
lE22.2
1020.2
1018.3
1016.5
1014.8
1013.2
1006.4
l(J01
.(I
996.2
992.1
988.5
985.2
982.
I
9i9.3
976
6
974.2
471.9
9703
96fl.7
Yli7.fi
965.5
963.6
961.9
96(1
1
958.4
956.8
955.2
9.53.7
952.1
9.50.7
949.3
947.9
946.5
945.3
944
0
942.x
941.6
940.3
939.2
958.0
936.9
935.8
934.7
-
-
-
__
Vapor
1106.0
l108.6
1110.8
1112.8
1114.6
1116.2
1117.7
1119.1
1121.5
1122.6
1127.3
1131.1
1134.2
1136.9
1139.9
1141.4
1143.3
1145.0
1146.6
1148.1
1149.5
11.50.4
1
li0.8
I
l.?2.(l
1153.1
1154.2
1155.3
1
156.3
1157.2
11.58.1
1159.0
1159.8
1160.6
1161.3
1162.7
1163.4
I
164.
I
11647
1165.4
11660
1
166.5
1167.1
1167.6
1168.2
1169.2
1120.3
I
I
62.0
I
11x7
-
__
Liquid
0.1321:
0.1435
0.152e
0.161C
0.1683
0.174Y
0.1809
0.1864
0.1916
0.19tili
0.2008
0.P19H
0.2347
0.247'2
0.2581
O.2674
0.2759
0.2835
0.291
13
0.'?967
(I
30'17
0.3083
0.3120
0.3135
0.3184
0.X31
0,:W.i
0.:33li
0.99.56
0.3395
0.3431
0.3466
0.3500
0.35:1.1
0.3.564
0.3594
0.3ti2.1
0.3652
0.3680
0.3707
0.3i3.1
0.3758
0.3783
0.3807
0.9831
0.3854
0.3876
0.3898
-
EnlTopy
Evap
1.8456
1.8193
1.7971
1.7776
1
.i6m
__
__
1.7451
1.731
1
1.7183
1.7065
1
.fiY57
16855
1.64?7
1.6094
1.5RX6
1.5383
1.5'2iI3
1.5041
I
.4x117
1.4763
1.4698
I
.45?2
1.4446
1.4415
1.431
3
1.4218
1.41L'X
1.4043
1.99962
1.3885
1.5811
1.374(1
13672
1.3606
1
.:4.344
1.3484
1.54?5
1
.:136x
1.3313
1.:4260
1.3159
1
:3
I
10
1
3063
1.3017
1
.?972
1.2929
1.2886
I
,5820
I
.3m
-
__
Vapor
1
.Y
782
1.9628
1.9498
1.9386
I
.Y288
I
.YL00
1.9110
1.9047
1.8981
1.8920
0.8863
1.8625
1.8441
1.8292
1.8167
1.8057
1.796:'
1.7876
I
.7XO0
1.7730
1.7665
1.560.5
I
.7.366
1.7.549
1.7497
1.7449
1.7403
1.7360
1.7319
1.7280
1.7242
1.7206
17172
I7139
1.7108
1.7078
1.7048
1.7020
1.6993
1.6967
1.6941
1.6917
1.6893
1.6870
1.6826
1.6805
1.6784
I
.6848
-
Internal
energy
974.6
970.3
Stili.?
9tX.i
960.ti
957.9
955.5
!)53.3
951.2
940.2
947.3
939.3
9s3.0
927.5
F2.7
913.4
914.6
911.1
907.8
904,s
9)01
.'I
899..3
8')7
i
846.7
x9.I
3
89'2.0
X89.9
887.8
X8R.X
XX3.Y
8X2.1)
880.2
878.5
X76.X
875.2
tiis
li
87'.
1
X70
i
869.1
867.7
866.3
864.4
863.5
862.3
861.0
8.593
x5x
5
857.2
230
General Engineering
and
Science
Abs
p4'
P".
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
Temp,
deg
F
-_
267.25
268.74
270.21
271.64
273.05
274.44
275.80
277.13
279.74
281.01
282.26
283.49
284.70
285.90
287.07
288.23
289.37
290.50
291.61
292 71
293.79
294.85
295.90
296.94
297.97
298.99
299.99
300.98
301.96
302.92
303.88
304.83
305.76
306.68
307.60
308.50
309.40
310.29
311.16
312.03
312.89
313.74
314.59
315.42
316.25
317.07
317.88
318.68
319.48
278.45
-
Specific
volume
Liquid
0.01715
0.01716
0.01717
0.01719
0.01720
0.0 I72
I
0.01722
0.01723
0.01725
0.01
726
0.01727
0.01 728
0.01729
0.01730
0.01 731
0.01732
0.01733
0.01734
0.01736
0.01737
0.01738
0.01739
0.01740
0.01741
0.01742
0.01743
0.01744
0.01 745
0.01746
0.01747
001748
0.01749
0.01750
0.01751
0.01752
0.01753
0.01754
0.01754
0.01755
0.01756
0.0 1757
0.01 758
0.01759
0.01760
0.01761
0.01761
0.01762
0.01763
0.01764
0.01765
Vapor
-
10.498
10.258
10.029
9.810
9.601
9.401
9.209
9.025
8.848
8.678
X.515
8.359
8.208
8.06"
7.922
7.787
7.656
7.529
7.407
7.289
7.175
7.064
6.957
6.853
6.752
6.655
6.560
6.468
6.378
6.291
6.206
6.124
6.044
5.966
5.890
5.816
5.743
5.673
5.604
5.537
5.472
5.408
5.346
5.285
5.226
5.168
5.111
5.055
5.001
4.948
-
Table
2-20
(continued)
k-PY
Liquid
236.03
237.55
239.04
240.51
241.95
243.36
244.75
246.12
247.47
248.79
250.09
251.37
252.63
253.87
255.00
256.30
257.50
258.67
259.82
260.96
462.09
263.20
264.30
265.38
266.45
267.50
268.55
269.58
270.60
271.61
272.61
273.60
274.57
275.54
276.49
277.43
278.37
279.30
280.21
282.02
282.91
283.79
284.66
285.53
286.39
287.24
288.08
288.91
289.74
-
281.12
-
E=P
933.7
932.6
931.6
930.6
929.6
928.6
927.7
926.7
925.8
924.9
924.0
923.0
922.2
921.3
920.5
919.6
918.8
917.9
917.1
916.3
915.5
914.7
913.9
913.1
912.3
911.6
Y10.8
910.1
909.4
908.7
907.9
907.2
906.5
905.1
904.5
903.7
903.1
902.4
901.7
901.1
900.4
899.7
$99.1
898.5
897.8
897.2
896.5
$95.9
895.3
-
905.8
L_
vapor
1169.7
1170.2
I
170.7
1171.1
1171.6
1172.0
1172.4
I
172.9
1
173.3
11737
1174.1
1
174.4
1174.8
1175.2
11
75.6
1175.9
1176.3
11
76.6
11
76.9
1177.3
1
177.6
11779
1178.2
1178.5
1
178.8
1179.1
1179.4
11
79.7
1180.0
1180.3
1180.6
1180.8
1181.1
1181.3
1181.6
1181.9
1182.1
1182.4
1182.6
11828
1183.1
1183.3
1
183.5
1183.8
1184.0
1184.2
1184.4
1184.6
1184.8
1185.1
-
Enuonv
Liquid
0.3919
0.3940
0.3980
0 4000
0.4019
0.4038
0.4057
0
4075
0.4093
0.4110
0.4127
0 4144
0.4161
0.4177
0.4193
0.4209
0.4225
0.4240
0.42.55
0.4270
0
4285
0.4300
0.4314
0.4328
0.4342
0.4856
0.4369
0.4383
0.4396
0.4409
0.4422
0.4435
0.4460
0.4472
0.4484
0.4496
0.4508
0 4520
0.4531
0.4543
0.4554
0.4565
0.4576
0.4587
0.4598
0.4609
0.4620
0.4630
L_
0.3960
0 4447
-
Evap
1.2844
1.2803
1.2764
1.2726
1.2687
1.2650
1.2613
1.2577
1.2542
1.2508
1.2474
1.2432
1.2409
1.2377
1.2346
1.2316
I
.2285
1.2255
1.2226
1.2197
1.2168
1.2140
1.2112
1
.2085
1.2059
1
.?032
1.2006
1.1981
1.1955
1.1930
1.IYOfi
1.1881
1.1857
1.1834
1.1810
1.1787
1.1764
1.1742
1.17'0
1.1698
I
1676
1.1654
1.1633
1.1612
1.1592
1.1571
1.1551
1.1530
1.1510
1.1491
-
-
Vapor
1.6763
1.6743
1.6724
1.6706
1.6687
1.6669
1.6652
1.6634
1.6617
1.6601
1.6585
1.6569
1.6553
1.6538
1.6523
1.6509
1.6494
1.6480
1.6466
1.6452
1.6438
1.6425
1.6412
I
,6399
1.6387
1.6374
1.6362
1.6350
1.6526
1.6315
1.6303
1.6292
1.6281
1.6270
1.6259
1.6248
1.6238
1.6228
1.6217
1.6207
1.6197
1.6187
1.6177
1.6168
1.6158
1.6149
1.6139
1.61d0
1.6121
-
1.6338
lWd
'new
-
Evap
356.
I
155.0
353.8
352.7
351.6
450.5
949.5
948.4
347.4
R4G.S
845.4
844.5
843.3
842.4
841.9
840.6
839.7
838.7
837.8
836.9
836.0
835.2
834.5
833.4
832.6
83
I
.N
831.0
830.2
829.4
828.6
827.8
827.0
826.3
825.5
824.7
824.0
823.3
822.5
821.7
x21.0
x20.3
519.6
818.9
XI
8.2
817.5
816.8
816.1
815.4
814.8
X14.1
-
Thermodynamics
231
Table
2-20
(continued)
Abs
pr-,
psi
90
11
1
!E2
!I3
94
95
96
!I7
98
!I9
1
no
10'2
104
I06
1
OH
1
in
I12
114
I16
118
120
I22
I24
126
1
28
130
I
92
I34
1
?ti
13H
I40
I42
144
146
I
%8
150
I
.52
I53
156
I
.5x
IliO
1
6'2
164
166
168
170
1
72
174
17h
178
Temp,
deg
F
J20.27
321.06
321.85
322.60
323.36
:324.12
354.87
325.61
326.35
327.08
327.81
329.25
330.66
332.0.5
335.42
334.77
336.1
I
337.42
338.7'2
339.99
341.25
342.50
343.72
344.94
346.1Y
347,:s
348.48
349.64
350.78
351.91
953.0:!
354.12
355.21
3.56.29
337
36
JiH.42
959.46
36E2
s(i2.03
363.iJ
964
53
:365..i
1
:Mi48
367.4.5
J68.41
:i69.
3.5
37
I
.22
372.14
360.49
370.29
-
Specific
volume
Liquid
0.01766
o.nl767
0.01
768
0.01769
0.01770
0.01771
0.01772
o
01772
0.01
773
0.01774
0.01777
0.01778
0.0
1780
0.01783
0.01786
0.01787
-
n.nii(ix
n.ni775
n.oim
0.017~4
n.oiix9
0.01791
0.01792
0.01793
O.Ol794
0.01
797
0.01799
0.01800
0.01
802
0.01
804
0.01805
0.01796
0.nixni
0.11180~
o.oixn8
0.0
1
809
O.OI8l0
0.01
8
12
0.01813
0.018l4
n.oix15
n.nixix
O.OIHli
0
01819
i~.01820
O.OIX22
0
Ill823
0.01824
0.01x25
0.01826
___
vapor
4.896
4.845
4.796
4.747
4.699
4.652
4.606
4.561
4.5
1
7
4.474
4.432
4.350
4.271
4.194
4.120
4.0411
3.981
3.914
3.850
3.788
3.728
3.670
3.614
3.560
3.507
3.455
3.405
3.357
3.310
3.264
3.220
3.
I77
3.134
3.094
3.0.54
S.0l.5
2.!177
2
1140
2.904
2.869
2.834
2.801
2.768
2.736
2.705
2.675
2.645
2.61ti
2.587
2.5.59
__
Enthalpy
Liquid
290.56
291.38
294.18
292.98
293.78
294.56
29.5.34
296.32
296.89
297.65
299.90
301.37
902.82
304.26
S05.66
307
06
308.43
309.79
311.12
312.44
313.75
315.04
316.31
317.57
318.81
320.04
321.25
322.45
323.64
324.82
325.98
.727.1:3
328.27
0129.39
330.51
3:31.61
3AY.iO
333.79
334.86
335
93
336.98
339.05
3.10.07
34
I
09
342
IO
-
2~8.40
3:38.02
949.1
n
544.00
345.06
-
894.7
894.1
893.5
892.9
892.3
8!41.7
891.1
890.5
889.9
889.4
888.8
887.6
886.5
885.4
884.3
HH3.2
882.1
881
1
880.0
879.0
877.9
876.9
x75.9
874.9
873.9
872.9
871.0
870.1
869.
I
868.2
H(i7.2
866.3
865.3
864..5
X6J.ti
X(i2.7
861.8
860.!l
860
0
859.2
858.3
857.5
X56.6
855.7
854.9
8.54.
I
8.53.3
852.4
851.6
872.0
-
1185.3
1185.5
1
185.7
11
85.9
1186.l
1186.2
1186.4
1186.6
1186.8
11
87.0
1187.2
1187.5
1187.9
1188.2
1188.6
1188.9
1189.2
1189.5
1189.8
1
I90.1
1190.4
1190.9
1191.2
1191.5
1191
7
1192.0
1192.2
1392.5
1192.7
1193.0
1193.2
1193.4
1193.6
1193.9
I194
1
11943
1194.5
1194.7
11!14.9
1195.1
1195.3
119.5.5
1195.7
I195
8
1196.0
1196.2
I196
4
1196.5
1106.7
I
190.7
__
Entropy
Liquid
Evsp
Vapor
0.4641
0.4651
0.466l
0.4672
0.46512
0.4702
0
471
1
0.4721
0.4731
0.4740
0.4759
0.4778
0.4796
04814
0.4832
0.4849
0.4883
0.46~2
0.4866
0.4900
0.4916
0.4932
0.4964
n
4948
0.4980
0.4995
0.5010
0.5025
0..5054
0.5069
0.5097
0.5111
0.5040
0.5083
0.5124
0.51
38
0.51.51
0.5165
0.5178
0.5
111
I
0..5204
0.5216
0..5229
O..i24
I
0.5254
0.5266
0.5278
0.5290
0.5:302
0.5313
-
11471
1.1452
1.143:4
1.1413
1.1:494
1.1376
1.1358
1.1340
1.1922
1.1304
1.1486
1.1251
1.121
6
1.1182
1.1149
1.1117
l.lO85
1.1053
1.1022
1.0992
1
.09(i2
1.0933
1.09n3
1.0874
1
,0845
1.0817
I
,0790
1
.07li:2
1.0735
1
06x2
1.0657
1.0631
1.0605
1
.05H0
l.0556
1
.I1532
I
.0507
1
.(I483
1
.l)4.59
1.0436
1.0414
1.031~1
1
.I1369
1.0346
I
.0:424
I
.n102
1.0280
1.02.iS
1
.(I238
I
.0709
__
1.6112
1.6103
1.6094
1.6085
I
6076
I
,6068
I
mil
1.6060
1.6043
I
.603.5
1.6026
1.5494
1.5978
1.5963
I.5948
1.5934
1.5919
1.5905
1.5891
I
5878
1.5865
1.5851
I
,5838
I
.5HY5
1.5812
I
.5800
1.5787
1.5775
I3763
1.5751
1.5740
1
.i72x
1.5716
1.570.5
I
.5694
1.5fiX.7
1.5672
1.5ti6I
1.5650
1.5Ii40
1.5630
1
..5620
I
..5IilO
I
.Go
1
n
I
..mn
I
..5.590
I
.5i80
1
..i.i70
1
.5,561
I
55.51
nternal
energy
Evap
-
813.4
812.8
812.2
811.5
XIO.!l
HlO.2
800.6
808.9
808.3
807.7
XO7.I
805.9
H04.i
809
5
802.4
801.2
800.0
798.9
797.8
1.h
I
795.6
794.i
79'1.4
792.3
791
3
7110.2
7811.2
788.2
7Xi.2
78li.2
785.2
784.3
7x:3
3
7H2.9
781.4
780..5
77!I.i
778.5
777.Ii
7ifi.8
775.8
775.0
774.1
773.2
772
1
751.4
770.5
7f!1.7
768 8
767.9
y
.
-
232
General Engineering and Science
Abs
pr-,
Pi
180
182
184
186
1 88
190
192
194
196
198
200
205
210
215
220
225
230
235
240
245
250
260
270
280
290
300
320
340
360
380
400
420
440
460
480
-
Temp,
deg
F
373.06
373.96
374.86
375.75
376.64
377.51
378.38
379.24
380.10
380.95
381.79
383.86
385.90
387.89
389.86
391.79
393.68
395.54
397.37
399.18
400.95
404.42
407.78
411.05
414.23
417.33
423.29
428.97
434.140
439.60
444.59
449.39
454.02
458.50
462.82
-
Specific
volume
Liquid
Vapor
0.01827
0.01829
0.01830
0.01831
0.01832
0.01833
0.01834
0.01835
0.01836
0.01838
0.01839
0.01842
0.01844
0.01847
0.01850
0.01852
0.01854
0.01857
0.01860
0.01863
0.01865
0.01870
0.01875
0.01880
0.01885
0.01890
0.01899
0.01908
0.01917
0.01925
0.0193
0.0194
0.0195
0.0196
0.0197
2.532
2.505
2.479
2.454
2.429
2.404
2.380
2.356
2.333
2.310
2.288
2.234
2.183
2.134
2.087
2.0422
1.9992
1.9579
1.9183
1.8803
1.8438
1.7748
1.7107
1.6511
1.5954
1.5433
1.4485
1.3645
1.2895
1.2222
1.1613
1.1061
1.0556
1.0094
0.9670
-
Table
2-20
(continued)
Enthalpy
.iquid
$46.03
147.00
147.96
348.92
349.86
350.79
351.72
352.64
353.55
354.46
355.36
357.58
359.77
361.91
964.02
366.09
368.13
370.14
372.12
374.08
376.00
379.76
383.42
386.98
390.46
393.84
400.39
406.66
412.67
418.45
424.0
429.4
434.6
439.7
444.6
__
-
Evap
Vapor
850.8
850.0
849.2
848.4
847.6
846.8
846.
I
845.3
844.5
843.7
843.0
841.1
839.2
837.4
835.6
833.8
832.0
830.3
828.5
826.8
825.1
821.8
818.5
815.3
812.1
809.0
803.0
797.1
791.4
785.8
780.5
775.2
764.9
759.9
770.0
-
-
196.9
197.0
197.2
197.3
1197.5
1197.6
1197.8
1197.9
1198.1
1198.2
1198.4
1198.7
1199.0
1199.3
1199.6
1199.9
1200.4
1200.6
1200.9
1201.1
1201.5
1201.9
1202.3
1202.6
1202.8
1203.4
1203.7
1204.1
1204.3
1204.5
1204.6
1204.6
1204.6
1204.6
12on.i
-
Entropy
Liquid
1.5325
3.5336
3.5348
3.5359
3.5370
1.5381
3.5392
0.5403
9.5425
0.5435
0.5461
0.5487
0.5512
0.5537
0.5561
0.5585
0.5608
0.5631
0.5653
0.5675
0.5719
0.5760
0.5801
0.5841
0.5879
0.5952
0.6022
0.6090
0.6153
0.6214
0.6272
0.6329
0.6383
0.6436
0.5414
-
Evap
Vapor
1.0217
1.0196
1.01 75
1.0155
1.0136
1.0116
1.0096
1.0076
1.0056
1.0037
1.0018
0.9971
0.9925
0.9880
0.9835
0.9792
0.9750
0.9708
0.9667
0.9627
0.9588
0.9510
0.9436
0.9363
0.9292
0.9223
0.9094
0.8970
0.8851
0.8738
0.8630
0.8527
0.8426
0.8330
0.8237
-
-
1.5542
1.5532
1.5523
1.5514
1.5506
1.5497
1.5488
1.5479
1.5470
1.5462
1.5453
1.5432
1.5412
1.5392
1.5372
1.5353
1.5334
1.5316
1.5298
1.5280
1.5263
1.5229
1.5196
1.5164
1.5133
1.5104
1.5046
1.4992
1.4941
1.4891
1.4844
1.4799
1,4755
1.4713
1.4673
__
767.1
766.2
765.4
764.6
763.8
763.0
762.1
761.3
760.6
759.8
759.0
757.1
755.2
753.2
751.3
749.5
747.7
745.9
744.1
742.4
740.7
737.3
733.9
730.7
727.5
724.3
718.3
712.4
706.8
701.3
695.9
690.8
685.7
680.7
675.7
-
Thermodynamics
233
Table
2-20
(continued)
Abs
psi
press,
,5iin
540
560
5x0
620
660
680
700
740
520
600
640
720
760
780
800
820
8.10
860
880
yon
920
!I40
!I60
9x0
1,000
1,05l1
i,iw
1,150
I,YOO
1,250
I
,300
1,350
1,400
I
,450
I
,inn
1,700
1,800
I
,900
2,000
?an
2,400
2,800
won
3,200
3.206.2
1,600
2,600
Temp,
deg
F
467.01
471.07
478.85
482.58
486.21
489.75
493.21
496.58
499.88
475
ni
503.10
306.25
,509.34
,512.36
.i
1
5
33
,518.23
523.88
526.63
729.33
,531.98
,534.59
5:37.16
599.68
542.17
544.61
950.57
556.31
561.86
567.22
572.42
,577.46
,582.35
587.10
591.73
,596.23
604.90
613.15
621.03
628.58
635.82
649.46
6W2.12
673.94
684.99
693.36
705
11
705.40
,521.m
Vapor
0.9278
-
0.8915
0.8578
0.8265
0.7971
0.7440
0.7698
n.7198
0.6971
0.6554
0.61
80
0.6007
0.584:3
n.mli
n
5130
o.5m
0.4772
0.4663
0.6757
0.6362
0.3687
0..5396
0.5'260
0.4886
0.45.57
0.445(i
0.4218
n.4noi
0.3802
n.3tiic)
0.3293
0.3450
0.3148
0.3012
0.2884
0.2760
n
2548
0.2m
0.21711
0.2021
n.187~
aim
0.1407
0.1213
0.1035
o.n5xo
n.nm
0.0858
Liquid
449.4
454.
I
458.6
463.0
467.4
471.6
475.7
479.8
483.8
487.7
491.5
495.3
499.0
-
502.6
506.2
509.7
520.0
513.2
516.6
523.3
526
6
529.8
933.0
536.2
,539.3
,542.4
,550.0
,557.4
564.6
371.7
578
6
585.4
592.1
598.7
605.2
611.6
624 1
636.3
648.3
660.1
671.7
694.8
718.4
743.0
770.1
802.5
872.4
902.7
-
Evap
Vapor
__
75.5.0
750.1
74.5.4
736.1
731.6
727.2
722.7
718.3
714.0
740.8
709.7
705.4
701.2
697.1
692
9
688.9
684.8
680.8
676.8
672.8
668.8
664.9
661
.O
657.1
653.3
649 4
639.9
630.4
61
1.7
602.4
593.2
584.0
574.7
565.5
556.3
519.6
501.1
482.4
463.4
424.4
382.7
337.2
284.7
217.8
62.0
0
6Yi.n
538.0
-
104.4
204.2
104.0
203.5
m.9
202.5
m2.1
201.7
201.2
2011.7
200.2
203.8
203.2
199.7
199.1
198.6
197.4
196.8
196.1
195.4
194
7
193.3
192.6
191.8
189.9
187.8
185.6
183.4
198.0
194.0
181.0
178.6
176.1
173.4
167.9
162.1
155.9
149.4
142.4
135.1
119.2
101.1
954.8
020.3
934.4
90'2.7
170.7
wn.2
Liquid
-
0.6487
0.6584
0.6631
0.6676
0.6720
0.6805
0.6846
n.6925
0.6963
0.7nni
0.7037
ii.ion
n.iin8
0.7143
n
7177
mio
0.6536
0.6763
0.6886
0.7'243
0.7'275
0.7307
0.7339
0.7370
0.7400
n
7430
0.7644
0.771
I
0.7504
0.7575
0.7776
0.7840
0.7963
0.8023
0.8082
0.8196
0.8906
0.8412
0.8516
0.8619
o.7902
0.8820
oms
0.9459
0.9292
(1.9731
1
.0320
1.05~0
-
Evap
0.8147
0.8060
-
0.7976
0.7893
0.7734
n.itm
n.7512
0.7441
0.7303
0.7237
0.7172
0.7045
n.6922
0.7813
0.7584
0.7371
0.71OX
0.6983
0.6862
0.6809
0.6744
n.6w
0.6631
0.6.576
0.6521
0.6467
0.6334
0.6205
0.6079
w59.56
0.5836
0.5719
n..i6o4
O.XH
0..5379
0.5269
0.4845
0.4637
0.4433
0.5053
n.4m
0.341
I
0
?I826
0.2973
0.2487
0.188.5
0.0.5J2
n
-
Vapor
1.4634
1.4596
1.4524
1.4489
1
44.54
1.4421
1.4358
1.4327
1.4'296
1.4266
1.4237
1.4209
14181
1.4153
1.4126
1.4072
1.4560
I
,4389
i
.4099
1.4046
I
.wn
1.3970
1.3995
1.3945
1.3921
1.3897
I3838
1.3780
1.3723
1
.%ti7
1.3612
1.3559
1.3506
13454
1.3402
1.3351
1.3249
1.31
49
1
,3049
1.2949
1.2849
1.2646
1.2434
1.2205
1.1946
I.
161
5
1.0852
1
0580
ntemal
energy
Evap
1118.6
11 18.4
1118.3
1118.2
11 1
x.0
1117.7
1117.5
1117.3
1117.0
Ill6.i
11
16.3
I1 16.0
1115.6
1115.2
1114.8
1114.4
1114.0
1 1
1
:3
6
1113.1
11 12.6
1112.1
11
1
1.5
11
11.0
11
I0..5
l110.0
1109.4
I
iw.o
iin4.i
iini.2
1095.4
1091
0
1086.7
in8i.F:
110ti.4
I
10
0
1099.4
1097.5
1093
9
1076.8
1071.4
106.5
0
1053.1
1021.9
1038.6
inoi
.Y
972.i
898.4
872.9
234
General Engineering and Science
-
460
27.25
1267.6
1.8716
13.5.55
1265.5
1.7934
8.988
1263.4
1.7470
6.704
1261.1
1.7134
.5.33:i
1258.8
1.6869
4.418
1256.5
1.6649
3.764
1254.1
1.6458
3.273
1251.6
1.629
I
2.891
1249.1
1.6139
2.585
1246.5
1.6001
2.335
1243.8
1.5874
1.9483
1238.3
1.5642
1.6638
1232.5
1.5434
1.3984
1224.8
1.5197
1.1978
1216.5
1.4977
-
-
Table
2-21
Superheated Steam Tables
(v
=
specific volume, cu
ft
per
Ib;
h
=
enthalpy, Btu per
Ib;
s
=
entropy)
PmSSUre,
pia
(Saturation
temp.
deg
F)
20
(297.96)
40
(267.25)
60
(292.71)
80
(312.03)
100
(327.81)
120
(341.25)
140
(353.02)
160
(363.53)
180
(373.06)
200
(381.79)
220
(389.86)
260
(404.42)
300
(417.33)
350
(431.72)
400
(444.59)
-
-
u
I1
I
U
h
S
u
h
S
7J
h
P
U
h
\
u
h
S
71
h
S
U
h
I
U
h
5
u
h
I
u
h
I
U
h
S
u
I1
S
u
h
I
u
h
i
-
340
23.60
1210.8
1.8053
11.684
1207.0
1.7952
7.708
1203.0
1.6766
5.718
1198.8
1.6407
4..i21
1194.3
1.6117
......
......
......
......
......
...,..
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
......
....,.
......
......
......
......
-
380
24.82
1229.7
1.828.5
12.315
1226.7
1.7493
8.143
1223.6
1.7135
6.055
1220.3
1
,6669
4.801
1216.8
1.6391
3.964
1213.2
1.6156
3.365
1209
.4
1.5950
2.914
1205.5
1.5766
2.563
1201.4
1.5596
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
.....
......
......
......
__
420
26.04
1248.7
1.8505
12.938
1246.2
1.7719
8.569
1243.6
1.7250
6.383
1240.9
1.6909
5.071
1238.1
1.6639
4.195
1235.3
1.6413
3.569
1232.3
1.6217
3.098
1229.3
1.6042
2.732
1226.1
15884
2.438
1222.9
1.5738
2.198
1219.5
1.5603
1.8257
1212.4
1.5354
1.5513
1204.8
1.5126
......
......
......
......
......
......
-
Temperature
of
steam,
deg
F
__
500
28.46
1286.6
1.8918
14.168
1284.8
1.8140
9.403
1.7678
1281.1
1.7346
5.589
1279
1
1.7085
4.636
1277.2
1.6869
3.954
1275.2
I
.6683
3.443
1273.1
1.6519
3.044
1271.0
1.6373
2.726
1268.9
1,6240
2.465
1266.7
1.6117
2.063
1262.3
1.5895
1.7675
1257.6
1.5701
1.4923
1251..5
1.5481
1.2851
1245.1
1.528
I
-
1283.0
7.020
-
-
550
29.97
1310.5
1.9160
14.930
1309.0
1.8385
9.917
1307.4
1.7927
7.410
1305.8
1.7598
5.906
1304.2
1.7340
4.902
1302.6
1.7127
4.186
1300.9
1.6945
3.648
1299.3
1.6785
3.230
1297.6
1.6642
2.895
1295.8
1.6513
2.621
1294.1
1.6395
2.199
1290.5
1.6184
1.8891
1286.8
1.5998
1.6010
1282.1
1.5792
1.3843
1277.2
1.5607
-
-
-
600
-
31.47
1334.4
I
,9392
15.688
1333.1
1.8619
10.427
1331.8
1.8162
7.797
1330.5
1.7836
6.218
1329.1
1.7581
5.165
1327.7
1.7370
4.413
1326.4
1.7190
3.849
1325.0
1.7033
3.41
1
1323.5
1.6894
3.060
1322.1
1.6767
2.772
1320.7
1.66.52
2.330
1317.7
1.6447
2.005
1314.7
1.6268
1.7036
1310.9
1.6070
1.4770
1306.9
1.5894
-
-
650
32.97
358.6
.9671
6.444
357.4
,8843
0.935
356.3
1.8388
-
8.180
1355.1
1.8063
6.527
1354.0
1.7610
5.426
1352.8
1.7801
4.638
1351.6
1.7423
4.048
1350.4
1.7268
3.588
1349.2
1.7130
3.221
1348.0
1.7006
2.920
1346.8
1.6892
2.457
1344.3
1.6692
2.118
1341.8
1.6517
1.8021
1338.5
1.632.5
1.5654
335.2
,6155
-
-
700
34.47
1382.9
1.9829
17.198
1361.9
1.9058
11.441
1380.9
1.8605
8.562
1379.9
1.8281
6.835
1378.9
1.8029
5.683
1377.8
1.7822
4.861
1376.8
1.7645
4.244
1375.7
1.7491
3.764
1374.7
1.7355
3.380
1373.6
1.7232
3.066
1372.6
1.7120
2.582
1370.4
1.6922
2.227
1368.3
1.6751
1.8980
1365.5
1.6563
1.6508
1362.7
1.6398
-
-
SOURCE:
Baumcister
T.,
and
Marks,
I..
S..
eds.,
Standard Handbook
for
Mprhnnzrul
Enginem,
Seventh
edilion,
McGraw-
Hill Book
Co.,
New
York,
1967.