Ii
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5
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B
r~,QPO,Q~HAM~-
4ECK~X
C~CTEMAX
5.1. YpasHeHue II. 6epHynnu
onR
nomOKa
peanbHou
}I(UOKOCmu
[[onyqeHHOe
BbIllie ypaBHeHHe
EepHynnH
.ll:mI
H.ll:eanbHOH
)KH.ll:KOCTH
(70) CTporo npHMeHHMo
nHIlIb
.ll:n»
:meMeHTapHoH
CTPYHKH
HnH Tpy6KH
TOKa,
B npe.ll:enax
KOTOPOH
CKOPOCTb
O.ll:HHaKOBa
no
CeqeHHIO.
EcnH
paccMaTPHBaTb
nOTOK
H.ll:eanbHoH
)KH.ll:KOCTH
B KaHane
HnH
Tpy6e
KaK
cOBoKynHocTb 3neMeHTapHblX CTPyeK,
TO
B
nOnepeqHOM CeqeHHH
nOTOKa
6Y.ll:eT
Ha6nIO.ll:aTbCK
HepaBHOMepHoe
none
CKopOCTeH,
H ypaBHeHHe
EepHynnH
3anHIIIeTC» B
BH.ll:e
2
WcpP
pgz + P +
a--·-
= const, (74)
2
fiI.e
wcp
-
Cpe.ll:Hee
no
CeqemIlO IIOTOKa 3HaqeHHe
CKOPOCTH,
OIIpe.ll:en»eMoe KaK OTHOIlIeHHe
06beMHoro
pacxo,ll,a K IInom:a,ll,H
IIOIIepeqHOrO CeqeHH»;
a K03$<lmQHeHT
KopHonHca,
yqHTbIBaIOIQHH
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CKopocTeH.
K03¢$HQHeHT
KopHonHca
B 06IQeM
cnyqae
3aBHCHT
OT
pe)l(HMa TeqeHH», qHCna
PeHHOJlb,ll,Ca,
.ll:HaMeTPa
TPy6oIIpOBO.ll:a (D), IlIepoxoBaTocTH
CTeHOK
(.:1).
,l1,n»
naMHHapHoro pe)KHMa a=2.
,l1,nSl
Typ6yneHTHoro
pe)KHMa a
=
1+2,65·1..,
f,ll,e A =
f(Re,
MD) - K03$qmQHeHT
TPCHHSI
CTeHOK
Tpy60npOBO.ll:a;
il.nSl
3TOfO pe)KHMa 1,0
<a<
1,15, H
qaCTO
B paCqeTaX
Tpy60npOBO.ll:a, oc06eHHo
60nbIlIoro
.ll:HaMeTPa, K03$$HQHeHT
KOpHOJIHCa
npHHHMaIOT paBHblM
e,ll,HHHQe.
llPH
,ll,BH)KeHHH
peanbHoH
)KH,ll,KOCTH
B03HHKaIOT IIoTepH
3HepfHH Ha IIpe0il.0neHHe COIIpoTHBneHH» TPy60IIpOBO.ll:a, II03TOMY
ypaBHeHHe
EepHynnH,
3aIIHcaHHoe
,ll,nK
,ll,ByX
IIOCneil.OBaTenbHblX
CeqeHHH, HMeeT
BH,ll,:
2 2
wI w2P ,
pgzi
+
PI
+
al
""2
= pgz2 +
P2
+
a2
-2
+
-iPnoT
(75)
B fH,ll,paBnHqeCKHX paCqeTaX ra30XO,ll,OB, TPy60IIPOBO.ll:OB,
CHCTeM
Yil.aneHH» "P0.ll:YKTOB ropeHHK H T.il.. 06bIqHO IIonb3YIOTcK
57