Кидалова М.Н. Черчение для учащихся 9-го класса. Ответы на экзаменационные билеты
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
Puc.4
Pasueprrrre
rrnmrrx
orpaHrurlBaror crpeJrKaMrr, Koro-
pbre
ocrpn€rvr
4onxnrr
Kacarbcfl BbrHocHbx
Jflfirfll
(pasrtaeprr
110, 30,
15,
Q
20 n
4pyrne
Ha
prrc.
4),
mmtfir,
KoHTypa
(pasrurep
A4q
nJrr
oceBbD( mmfi.
ra3MepHyro
JrrlHr{K)
cneAyer
rrpoBoAr4Tb llapannenbHo
oTp$Ky,
pa3Mep
KoToporo
yKa3brBaror
IIo Bo3MoxHocrrr
BHe
KoHTypa rro6poKerfir.
Paccno.nrre MexAy napaJrJreJrbnbrMlr
pirMepHbrMrr
rrvrnvnruvt
rr
or
pa3MepHofi
rrvruym
Ao
fiapaJr-
JreJrbnoft eir m**r
Korrrypa
6epy. or
7
4o
l0
ulr.
Henrsx
AorrycKarb,
uro6rr
pa3MepHbre
rloarrLrn
nepece-
Kalrrrcb c BbIHocI{bIMu rutv frBnttIllacb
npoAonx(eHr,re}r
rnrrrafi
KoHTypa,
oceBbD(,
rleHTpoBbrx lr BbrnocHbrx. 3anpeulaercs
r{cnoJrb3oButb
IInHr{n
Kolilypa, oceBble,
qenTpoBble
rr BbI-
HOCHbre B KaqecTBe
pa3Meprrbrx.
10
9ro6sl pa3MepHbre
Jrptnuvt
He rrepeceKiurlrcb
c
BbrHoc-
HbrMH,
uenrurnfr pa3Mep
HaHocrr
6nptxe x
uso6paxeHlrro,
a
6orunrprfi
-
Aiurbrrre
(pasrurepu
15,
30 r4
pa3Mep
I
l0 na
puc.
4)
(Dopnaa
crpenKu roKa3aHa
Ha puc.
5.
Pasrraep
crpenoK
cneAyer
BbrAepxlrBarr
npn6ru43r4TeJrbHo
oArrHaKoBbrM
Ha
nc€u.reprexe.
Pnc.
5
Kax,qlrfi pa3Mep
Ha
qepre)Ke
yKa3brBaror
ronbKo
oAHH
pa3.
Pasuepurre
rrucra
nnnefinrx pa3MepoB
HaHocrr
B
co-
orBercrBuLt
c noJro)KeHLIeM pa3MepHbrx
lultutrt, KaK
rroKa3a-
Ho
Ha
puc.
6.
Ecnu
parrraepHar
rrprrrvrfl, BepruKarnbHiur,
To
pasMepHoe
rrucro
craB.flT
crpaBa
(puc.
6a)
Ha naxloHsrrx
piBMepnbrx
rrrzlarz.flx
qu$prr
nprmyr
rar, vro6u
oHH oKira-
Jrr{cb B
ylo6norvr
AJrr
qreHLrr
noJrox(eHr,rs,
ecnrur
Aarb
pa3-
vrepnofi
rvrr'nu
"y[acrb"
B fop]I3onTaJrbHoe
noJIo](eHI{e,
KaK
gro
yKiBaHo
crpenKaMvrHapvc.
6
a,6,
n.
Puc. 6
1l
Jlunefinrre pa3Mepbr
Ha Marrrr4HocrpolrrenbHbrx
qeps'
Tex€x
yKa3hrFllroT
B
Mr{JrJrr{MeTpax; ecnu
pa3Mepbr
HaHeceHhr
y
rco6paxewuir,
To
eAlrHr{qbr
rtMepexufi
(ur"r)
He rpocraB-
Jrnor
(crvr. puc.
4).
Yrnonrre
pasMepbr
HaHocrr, KaK noKa3ano Ha
puc.7.
I,Ix
yxasrmaror B rpaAycax (o),
rrannyrax
(')
z cexyn4ax
("),
flpocraBrsr{ eArrHnrlbr
r,BMepenr,rr,
Ha[pHMep,
pa3Mep
30" na
puc.7.
Pasrraepnyro rurqrrro
npr{
groM
npoBoArr B Br,rAe
Ayrn
oKpyr(HocTn
c
qeHTpoM
B BeprlrrHe
yrna.
Puc.7
[4r
o6osnaqeHwr'4ndrraerpa
nepeA
pa3MepHbIM
tIlrc-
JroM
Bo Bcex cJryqiL{x
HaHoctr 3HaK
-
KpyxoK,
nepeuepxny-
-
ruft nprrvrofi nuwrtetrt
rIoA
yrnoM 75". flpnrraeHeHrre
H no-
crpoeHrre
gToro
3HaKa
noKa3aHo
na
puc.
8.
@20
t2
Pnc.
8
{nx
o6osuaqeHLre.
pa4vyca
nepeA
pa3MepHbrM
rrrlcroM
bcerAa
HaHocrr
sHar
R
-
rrarutncKafl npom.rcHiur 6yrna
(our.
puc.
4). Crpenxy
HaHocrr c
oAnofi cropoHbr
(crvr. pnc.
9)
Ecrua
reranb
vMeer
He-
cKoJrbKo
oALrHaKOBbrx
oTBep-
cruil HIH
Apyrvx
3JreMeHToB
(rporvre
cKpyrneHufi),
ro
HaHo-
clrTc ,
piBMep
oAHoro vr3
Hvtx,
a
KorprqecrBo
ornepcrufi
rz'nrvr
Apyfr.rx
3JreMeHToB
yKiBbrBaror
nepeA pa3MepHbrM
III,ICJTOM,
Ha-
npm{ep 3
srn.A 16
@uc.
10a)
Pnc.
l0
Pasrraepu
roJrrrlraHbr rurvr
NruHbr Astarv,
(popr"ra
xoropofi
3aAarra oAHHM Br{AoM,
HaHocflT, KaK [oKa3aHo
Ha
puc.
10.
fle-
peA
qprcnoM,
yKil3brBitroqr{M
Tonrq[rHy
Aeranu,
nanocxr
6yrc-
ny S,
a
nepeA
qr4cJroM,
yKa3brBaroqr,rM
Anr,rHy Aerilrru,
-
6yx-
BY
T..
6)
Pr.rc.9
13
4.
OCOEEHHOCTI,I IIPI,TMEIiIEIily'.fl
VT
OFO3HATIEHI{fl MACIIITAEA
HA
MAIIILIHOC
TP
OI,I
T E
JIbHbIX II
CTPOPITEJIbHbIX
qE
PTEXAX
Bcsroe rcAenue
r{a
.reprex(e
BbrqepquBilror B
Macrxra-
6e.
Macrura6onr
Ha3brBaror orHoureHne
.nnHefiHux
pa3MepoB
nro6paxeHnc npeAMera Ha
qeprerne
rc
qeficr-
BrrTe.rrbHbrM
pa3MepaM
3Tofo npeAMeTa.
Macmra6 Moxsr
6rnr nupaxeH
qrrcJroM
(vucnoeofi
macrumaf)
nnu uso6paxen rpatfutrecKu
-
nunefinuil mac-
wma6. 9ucnonofi rvraclrrra6
o6osHaqarcr
4po6uo,
Korop:ur
noKa3brBaeT KpaTHocTb
yBenr,rqeHrd.r
r{JrH
yMeHbueHr4r pul3-
MepoB uso6paxenvfl, Ha
rrepre)Ke.
flpu nunoJrHeHrrlt
qepre-
xefi n
3aBlrcprMocrpr or
HX HiBHarreHufl,
cJro)KHocrn
$oprr,r
npeAMeroB u coopyxeuuit,
*tx
pirMepoB
npr.rMeHrrror
cJre-
Ayrcrrlue
qrrcJroBbre
uacurra6u,
ycraHoBJreHHbre
|OCT
2.302-68.
Macrrra6
2:l;2,5:l;4:1;
5:l; 10:l; l5:l;
20:l;
Hr'A'
yBeJrrue-
HIl'
Harypanrnas
r,erwrrvlna l:l. fIpe4rotITI,ITeJIeH
Hary-
palrnnrfi rvracrura6
(M
1:l).He npegycuorpeHnue
craHAap-
TOM MaCrUTa6U
ne npllMeHtlor.
B
MarurdHocrpoeHurr
npeAnoqrl{TeneH
Harypa-nrnrrfi
uacuna6.
flpn npoerrupoBaHllli crpollTenbHblx
qeprexcefr
n
sa-
BHCrIMOCTTT OT
piBMepOn
o6terroB
peKoMeHAyerct
BbInoJI-
t4
Hrrb
qeprexn
B
cJreAyroqux
Maclura6ax
l:100; 1.200;
l:400.
,{4r
ne6onbllrrx sAaHufi
Lr
AIrs
Qaca4on
rpI,rMeHrIIor
uacnrra6
1:50. 3ro
Aa0r
nosMoxnocrb
Bbrf,BI4Tb na
Qaca4e
apxr{TercrypHbre
Aerilnr.r.
flocxonrKy
MacruTa6
pasnrx uso-
6paxcer*ni
Mox(er 6urr
pasnuqHblM,
ero
o6rt.{uo
yKa3brBitror
oKoJro
Kax,qoFo lr3 HpIx.
Pasueprr
Ha crpollTeJlbHbrx
qeprex€x
B
orJIHqI,Ie
or
Marrrr{Hocrpo}ITeJlbHbD(
ueprexefi MoxHo
npocraBnsrb
B
caHTr{Mgrpax,
a
B
geKoropbD(
cJlyqiux
piBpernaercf
AaBarb
pa3Mepbl B MeTpD(,
yKa3bIBruI
eAI,IHHIIy
v3MepeHl{t.
Cre4yer
rroMHI{Tb)
.rro
rarcofi 6rt uacrura6
nu 6rm
na
qepre:Ke
BcerAa
flpocraBntror
Aefi
crnnreJlbHble
pa3Mepbl,
To
ecrb
Harypi[JrbHble
p:BMepbI
[peAMsra
Iarn o6terra.
5. OCOEEHHOCTI{
TIEPTiiXHOTO
ilPI{(DTA
Bce HaAnracu
Ha
qeprexax
,qoJIXHbI
6uru
nunoJIHeHbI
uepr€xnrrrra
urputfrorra.
Havepranue 6yxn
lt
quQp
'repr€x-
uoro
rupra(lTa
ycraHaBlrnBaerct crauAaproM.
Cran4apr
on-
peAeJrter
Bblcory
v rukrpwry 6yxn
ra
quQp,
TonlquHy
nureuit
o6no4rur,
paccrotHl,Ie Mex4y 6yrnarun,
cJIoBaMrI
H crporlKa-
ys.
IIIpnQr
Mox(er 6rrrr
rax c
HaKJIoHoM
(orono 75o), rax
n
6es
HaKroHa. Crangapr
ysraHaBJrlrBaer cneAyloque
pa3Me-
pu
urprQra:
1,8
(ne perouelrAyerct,
Ho
AorrycKaercx)
2,5;
3,5;
5; 7; l0;
14;20;28;
40.3a
pasrvrep
(h) rupuQra
npLrHLt-
Maerct
BeJrr{rluna,
o[peAeJlteMarl
nrrcorofr
flponucHbrx
(sarnannrrx)
6yxn
n MlrnnuMerpax.
Brrcora
6yrnu
rfiMept-
ercr
[epneHAr{rcyJltpHo
K ocnoBanarl
crpoxu.
Huxnr're
ene-
MeHTbr 6yrn
r{,
q, q
n nepxgnfi
gJIeMeHT
6yrnu
I
nrrnon-
Hrror sa cqeT
rpoMexyrKoB
Me)KAy crpoKaMrl.
Torquny
(d)
Irlalrrvtu
ulpuQra orpeAeJltlor
B
3aBllcz-
Mocrn
or
Bblcorbl
ruputlra.
Ona
panna 0,1 h.
[IrpaHy
(q)
15
6yxnn
nu6upalor
pannoft
016
h unu
6
d. Itrupzna
6yra
d
A,
X, M,
O,
X, IL
lq, b,
bI,
IO
6orrbtrre
eroft serfiqrrHbr
Ha
I utn
2d
(nrmo'rur
Hr.rxcHlre
rr
BepxHrre
sxervrenrrr),
a rurrpH-
na
6yrn f,
3,
C
rr,rerIbrue
na
d.
Brrcora
crporrHbrx
6yxn npluvrepno
coorBercrByer
Bbr-
core cJreAyroqero
MeHbrrrero pa3Mepa
upraQra.
Tar,
Bbrcora
crporrnbrx
6yxn pasrvrepa
l0
paBna
7, pasuepa
7 panwa
5
u
r.4.
Bepxnae
Lr Hr,rx(Hrre
gJreMeHTbr
crporrHbrx
6yxn
nrrnon-
Hrrorcr
ga
c.reT
paccrorHr4fi
uex4y
crpoKaMr,r
lr BbrxoAflT
3a
crpoKy na 3d.
Illupzna
6olrurrancrna
crporrnbD(
6yxn
panna
5d,
rurapr,rna
6yxn
a,
M,
rI, b
paBHa
6d;
6yrn xc,
T,
(b,
trI,
br, ro
-
7d;
a 6yrn
s,
c
-
4d.
Paccrosru.re
MexAy
HTDKHTTMH
rnmefi-
KaMH
crpor
6epyr
paBHbrM
lr7
h
wwr l7d.
Paccrornrre
Mex-
4y
6yrnaml
z
qnQpaura
B
cJroBD(
npuHr{Maror
pannrnvr
0r2
h
utru2d,
MexAy
cJroBaMr{
v,rficrrauyr
-
016 h
uwr 6
d. Bce
HaArrlrcu
Ha
qeprexftx
HaHocrrcr
or
pyKr,r
c HaKJroHorra
6yrn
r
qlr$p
K ocHoBaHuro
crporr,r 75o.
rlro6u
Hafrr,rrbcr
KpacHBo
rrucarb
vepr€xnrru
nrpuQ-
ToM, BHaqaure
AJrr
raxloft
6yxnu treprflT
cerrcy
c lvefixauu,
r{Meroulr{Mx
Qopr"ry
uapilJrnenorpaMMa
c
ocHoBaHLreM
r{
Bbr-
corofi,
pannofi
h/7
u
yuroM
rpr{
ocHoBaHr{H
oKoJro
75o. flo-
cJre
oBnaAeBaHvrA
HaBbrKaMr,r
Harrprcanurt.6yrn
u
ryQp
Mo)K-
Ho npoBoAr4Tb
roJrbno
BepxHroro
Jrr{Huro
crpoK}r.
Konryprr
6yrn narrae.raror
ToHKLTMH
JrrrnurMu,
y6e4r,rnurucr,
uro
6yr-
Bbr HatrlrcaHbr
[paBnJrbno,
o6no4xr
r{x
Mf,TKHM
KapaHAa-
ruoM.
,{na
6yxn f
,
Xkl,iI,
Jl,M,
ff,
T, X,
II [I,
IIl, uoxno
npoBecrr.r
roJrbKo
ABe
BcnoMoFareJrbrrbre
ilrrmmn
na
paccroir-
Hr,rE,
paBHoM
rD( Bbrcore
h.
[-rrx
6yrn E, B,
E, H,
P,
y, rI,
b,
bI, b, -fl
rraex4y
AByMr
roplr3oHTitJrbrrbrMrr
mnnunr,na
cJreAyer
Ao6asurr
nocpeAr,rHe
eule
o4ny rro Koropofi
nrmo.mrsror
cpeAnr.re
HX
gJreMerrrbr.
A
wts
6yxn
3, O, O,
IO upono4rr
IIETbIPE
TVTH.VTVT,
TAE CPEAHpIE JIp{HVTVI
YKA3bIBAIOT
IPAHLIIIbT
oKpyrnerMfi.
Haauenon anvs,
3aroJIoBKH,
o6ognaqeHwfl.
B ocnonnofi
Ha1rwtcvt,
Ha noJle
qeprelca
AorrycKaerc-f,
nucarb
6es
Harro-
Ha.
[lt
6rrcrporo
BbInorHeHI4t
ua4nncefi
ueprdxHrrna
urp z$ro
rrr r,rHo F.qa
nonb3yrorcs
p
a3nl,rqHblrvru
rp
atp
ap eraMr{.
llponncuste 6yrnrr
Crpo.ruue
6yrcnsl
3
3ar 45
6.
OCHOBHbIE
CTIOCOEbI
nPoEIIr{POBAHI{.fl
. trPnM
EPEr
TIEHTPAJTbHO|
O r4
lrp.fl Moyf
oJrbHof
o
IIPO E
III{POBAHI,I
fl
VI3 )KI{3HE
HHOfr
TIPAKTI{KI,I
HsroroueHne
AeraJreir
n
c6opKa
prcAeJrnli
npousno-
I'TCg,
nO
qepTelKaM.
Hs
veprexa
Mbr
y3nadu,
xaxofi (foprvrlr
r4 r(aKHX pa3-
MepoB
,qoJrxHa
6rrrl
rco6paxdnnax
na
uena
AeraJrb,
H3 Ka-
Koro
Marepuana
ee HaAo
H3foroBraTb,
c raxofi
uepoxoBaro-
crbro u roqsocrnro
ueo6xoAzrrao
o6pa6arbrBarb
e€ nonepx-
Hocrrr, ysnaEna
AaHHbre
o repMprqecxofi
o6pa6orre,
aHT[r-
KOppoSr{oHHoM
noKpbrTr.rH
r.r npoqee.
tlepr€x<
coAep)Krrr
raso6paxenna
(npoexqun),
rorp-
pbre
B
saBr49trMocTH
OT r.rx
COAepXaHr4r
AeJrrTcfi
Ha BtrAbr,
pa3pe3bl
ceqeHr,rt,
rI
cBeAeHr,rr, neo6xo4nMbre
AJrr
I4BtoroB-
rrenwfl. usneilkrir.
Vso6paxenut
npeAMeroB
Ha
qepTe)Kax
[onyqaror
rpoeqfipoBaHueM.
IlpoeqnpoBaHr.re
-
gro
npoqecc
noJry-
qeHHfl
uso6paxeunq
npeAMera
Ha xarofi-lu6o
noBepx-
Hocrrr.
flonyvunuruecr
trpu
grorr4
fiso6paxeHue
Ha3brBaror
npoenquefi
npeAMera.
Croso
"npoerqul"
n
repeBoAe
c JIarHHcKoro
o3Haqa-
et
"6pocauue
enepiid, Bdqrb"
.
Heqro
noxoxee
Ha npoeKrlurc
MoxHo
na6ruoAarr,
ecJrtr
flapaJrnenbHo
creHe, nporuBono-
noxuofr
oKHy,
pac[onoxHTb
yqeHuqecKyro
rerpaAr.
Ha
cre-
ne
o6pasyercr reHb B
Br,rAe nprMoyronbHr,rKa.
Sreuenrauu,
c
noMorrlbro
Koropbrx
ocyuecrBJrrer€t
npoeqzpoBaHvre, flBrrflrorca (puc.
I l):
qenrp
npoerlupoBa-
Hlrfl
-
TotIKa,
rr3 Koropofi
npousnoAr4Tcrr
npoeqrrpoBalalae;
o6renr npoeqfipoBLlarlr
-
uso6paxaerraufi
npe4uer, nJroc-
18
KOCTb npoeKrlrrH
-
nJrocKocTb,
Ha
KOTOpFO
npOr.r3BOAHTCt
npoequpoBaEkre;
npoertHpyrortHe
flyqH
-
Boo6piDKaeMbre
nprMbre,
c
[oMorrlbro
KoTopbrx
[por.r3BoAtrTcr
npoeqnpoBa-
HHe.
P$ynbraroM
npoeqr{poB
a]Hnfl, rBJrflercr
r,Bo6pa)KeHr{e,
ulu npoexqux,
o6terra.
Pasrz.raror
qeHTpaJrbHoe
r4 napaJrJrqrrbHoe
[poerln-
poBaHHe.
flpu
4enmpurbHow
npoequponaHuu
Bce
npoer-Iu-
pyrcque
nyqu rlcxoryT
pr3
oAnofi
Tor{Ku
-
rIeHTpa
rrpoerln-
poBaHr4r,
HaxoArr{efocr
Ha
onpe4elenHoM paccTorHr,rH
oT
nJrocKocrrl
npoexquft.
Ha
pnc.
lla
sa r{eHTp
rrpoeuupo-
BaHvIfr.
ycno
BHo B3rra
gneKrp
HqecKzur
JraMno.rxa. Hcxo4rrrl
I4e
oT
Hee cBeToBbIe
JryqH,
KOTOpbIe
ycnoBHo
rrpHHrTbr
3a npo-
equpyrcrrlae,
o6pasyror
Ha noJry
reHb,
aHa^rronuqHyro
qeH-
rpallnofi
npoeKrlrrur
rrpeAMera.
Msrol
rIeHTp:MbHoro
npoeqr4poBaHr,rr
HcnoJrrcyerct
npr [ocrpoeHur{
nepcnercrfinu.
flepcneKTr.rBa
Aa€r
nosMox-
Hocrb
nso6paxarb
npeAMerbr
raKLrMH,
KaKLrMlr
oHkr npeA-
cTaBJrffoTcr HaM B
npvpoAe
npv
paccMoTpeHr,rr4
r4x
c o[pe-
Aen0nnofi
ToqKil
na6mo4enux.
B MaruvHocrpor,rreJrbHbrx
r{epre)Kax
ueHTpilnbHbre
npoeKrlrru
He flpr4MeHflrorcr..
Huu nolrgyrorcr
B crpor4Tenb-
HOM
qepqe}Ildvtu
B
pr{coBaHr4H.
flpnr ndputilarbuolt
npoequposflHuu
Bce
npoerru-
pyrcrrlue
ryrru
raparJreJrbHbr
MexAy
co6ofi, Ha
pnc.116
no-
Ka3aHO,
KaK noJlyqAgrgfl
napannenbHilr
KocoyronbHa.fl
npo-
eKrllrr. I{enrp
[poerrupoBaHr4r
npeAnonafastafl, ycnoBHo
yAareHHbrM
s
6ecrcoHerrHocrb. TorAa
napaJrnenbHbre
ryqu
or6pocxr Ha nJrocKocrb
npoeKqr.rfi
rent, KoropFo
Mo)ruo
npuru{Tb
sa napalnneJrbHyro
npoeKrlr4ro
uso6pa;caeuoro
npeAMeTa.
B uepuenurr
nonmyrorcr
napilnneJrbHbrMlr
npoeKrlr,H-
uz. BunolHrrb
t4x flpoqe,
qeM
rleHTpiurbHbre.
19