John R. Fanchi - Principles of Applied Reservoir Simulation, Second Edition
Подождите немного. Документ загружается.
252
Principles
of
Applied
Reservoir Simulation
NOTE: NUMP records
must
be
read where
... de-
notes
the
absolute value.
4.
II,
12,
Jl,
J2,
Kl,
K2,
VALKX
Omit
this record
ifNUMKX
=
0.
11
Coordinate
of first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last region block
in I
direction.
J1
Coordinate
of first
region block
in J
direction.
J2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in J
direction.
K1
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
Code
NUMKX
Value
<0
>0
Meaning
New
value
of x
direction permeability
for
region
(md).
Multiply value
of x
direction permeability
by
VALKX.
NOTE:
|
NUMKX
|
records
must
be
read.
5.
II,
12,
Jl, J2, Kl,
K2,
VALKY
Omit
this record
ifNUMKY
= 0.
11
Coordinate
of first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last region block
in I
direction.
Jl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in J
direction.
J2
Coordinate
of
last
region
block
in J
direction.
Kl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
Code
NUMKY
Value
<0
Meaning
New
value
ofy
direction permeability
for
region
(md).
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
Part
IV:
WINB4D
User's
Manual
253
Code
Value
>0
Meaning
Multiply
value
of y
direction permeability
by
VALKY.
NOTE:
NUMKY
records must
be
read.
6.
II,
12,
Jl,
J2,
Kl,
K2,
VALKZ
Omit
this record
ifNUMKZ
= 0.
11
Coordinate
of first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last
region
block
in I
direction.
Jl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in J
direction.
J2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in J
direction.
Kl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
Code
NUMKZ
Value
<0
>0
Meaning
New
value
of z
direction permeability
for
region
(md).
Multiply value
of z
direction permeability
by
VALKZ.
NOTE: NUMKZ records must
be
read.
24.3.3 Modifications
to
Transmissibilities
It
is
important
to
keep
in
mind
the
directional convention used
in
specifying
transmissibility modifications.
For
example,
in
gridblock
(I, J, K):
TX(I,
J, K)
refers
to flow
across
the
boundary between blocks
1-1
and I,
TY(I,
J, K)
refers
to flow
across
the
boundary between blocks
J-l
and J, and
TZ(I,
J, K)
refers
to flow
across
the
boundary between blocks
K-l
and K.
1.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
254
Principles
of
Applied
Reservoir Simulation
2,
NUMTX,
NUMTY,
NUMTZ,
ITCODE
NUMTX
Number
of
regions where
x
direction
transmissibility
(TX)
is
changed.
NUMTY
Number
of
regions where
y
direction
transmissibility
(TY)
is
changed.
NUMTZ
Number
of
regions where
z
direction
transmissibility
(TZ)
is
changed.
ITCODE
=
0
means
do not
print
the
modified distributions;
=
1
means print
the
modified
distributions.
3
II,
12,
Jl,
J2,
Kl,
K2,
VALTX
Omit
this record
if
NUMTX
= 0.
Coordinate
of
first
region block
in I
direction.
Coordinate
of
last region block
in I
direction.
Coordinate
of first
region block
in J
direction.
Coordinate
of
last region block
in
J
direction.
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
Coordinate
of
last
region
block
in K
direction.
Multiplier
of
x
direction transmissibility
for
region.
NOTE: NUMTX records must
be
read.
II,
12,
Jl, J2, Kl,
K2,
VALTY
Omit
this record
if
NUMTY
= 0.
11
Coordinate
of first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last
region
block
in I
direction.
Jl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in J
direction.
J2
Coordinate
of
last
region
block
in J
direction.
Kl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
VALTY
Multiplier
of
y
direction transmissibility
for
region.
NOTE: NUMTY records must
be
read.
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
Part
IV:
WINB4D
User's
Manual
255
5
II,
12,
Jl,
J2,
Kl,
K2,
VALTZ
Omit
this record
ifNUMTZ
=
0.
11
Coordinate
of
first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last region block
in I
direction.
J1
Coordinate
of
first
region block
in
J
direction,
J2
Coordinate
of
last region
block
in J
direction,
K1
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
VALTZ
Multiplier
of
z
direction
transmissibility
for
region.
NOTE:
NUMTZ records must
be
read.
24.4 Rock
and PVT
Regions
1.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
2.
NROCK, NPVT
NROCK Number
of
distinct
Rock
regions.
A
separate
set of
satu-
ration-dependent
data
must
be
entered
for
each
Rock region.
NPVT
Number
of
distinct
PVT
regions.
A
separate
set of
pressure-
dependent data must
be
entered
for
each
PVT
region.
3.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
Omit
this record
if
NROCK
=
1.
4
NUMROK
Omit
this record
if
NROCK
=
1.
NUMROK
= 0
Enter Rock region value
for
each block.
NUMROK
> 0
Number
of
regions where
the
Rock region
default
value
of 1 is
changed.
5.
IV
AL
Omit
this record
if
NROCK
= 1 or
NUMROK
> 0.
IVAL
Array
of
Rock region values. Read
II
x
Jj
x
KK
values.
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
256
Principles
of
Applied
Reservoir Simulation
6.
II,
12,
Jl,
J2,
Kl,
K2,
IVAL
Omit
this record
ifNROCK
=
1 or
NUMROK
=
0.
11
Coordinate
of first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last region block
in I
direction.
JI
Coordinate
of first
region
block
in J
direction.
J2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in J
direction.
Kl
Coordinate
of first
region
block
in
K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
IVAL
Number
of
the
saturation-dependent data
set to be
assigned
to
this Rock region
and
IVAL
z
NROCK.
NOTE:
NUMROK records must
be
read.
7.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
Omit
this record
ifNPVT
= 1.
8.
NUMPVT
Omit
this record
ifNPVT
=
1.
NUMPVT
=
0
Enter
PVT
region value
for
each block.
NUMPVT
> 0
Number
of
regions where
the PVT
region
default
value
of 1 is
changed.
9.
IVAL
Omit
this record
ifNPVT
=
1 or
NUMPVT
> 0.
IVAL
Array
of PVT
region values. Read
II x JJ x
KK
values.
10.
II,
12,
Jl, J2, Kl,
K2,
IVAL
Omit
this record
ifNPVT
= 1 or
NUMPVT
=
0.
11
Coordinate
of first
region block
in I
direction.
12
Coordinate
of
last region block
in I
direction.
J1
Coordinate
of first
region block
in J
direction.
J2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in J
direction.
Kl
Coordinate
of first
region block
in K
direction.
K2
Coordinate
of
last region block
in K
direction.
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
Part
IV:
WINB4D
User's
Manual
257
IVAL
Number
of the
pressure-dependent data
set to be
assigned
to
this
PVT
region
and
IVAL
s
NPVT.
NOTE:
NUMPVT
records
must
be
read.
24.5 Relative Permeability
and
Capillary
Pressure
Tables
The
following saturation-dependent data should
be
entered
a
total
of
NROCK
times
-
one set
of
records
for
each Rock region defined
in
Section 24,4.
1,
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
2
SAT1
KROW1
KRW1
KRG1
KROG1
PCOW1 PCGO1
SAT
Phase saturation (fr).
Set
SAT1
= 0.0 and
SATn
=
1.0,
KROW
Oil
relative permeability
for
oil-water system (fr).
KRW
Water relative permeability
for
oil-water system (fr).
KRG
Gas
relative permeability
for
gas-oil
system (fr).
KROG
Oil
relative permeability
for
gas-oil system (fr).
PCOW
Oil/water capillary pressure
(psi).
PCGO
Gas/oil capillary
pressure
(psi).
NOTE:
SAT
refers
to the
saturation
of
each particular
phase.
For
example,
in a
data line
following
SAT
=
0.2 we
have
KROW
Oil
relative permeability
at 20% oil
saturation.
KRW
Water relative permeability
at 20%
water saturation.
KRG
Gas
relative permeability
at 20% gas
saturation.
KROG
Oil
relative permeability
at 20%
liquid (water plus oil)
saturation.
PCOW
Oil/water capillary pressure
at 20%
water saturation.
PCGO Gas/oil capillary pressure
at 20% gas
saturation.
NOTE:
KROG
is
used
only
when
a
three-phase
oil
relative
permeability
is
calculated
(ITHREE=
1 in
Record
4
below).
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
258
Principles
of
Applied
Reservoir Simulation
Capillary
pressures
are
defined
as
PCOW
= Po -
Pw
and
PCGO
= Pg - Po
where
Po, Pw, and Pg are the
oil-,
water-,
and
gas-phase
pressures,
respectively.
3.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
4.
ITHREE,
SWR
ITHREE
Code specifying desired relative permeability option.
SWR
Irreducible water saturation (fraction).
Code
TTUTQpTn
1 i
JnLKJiD
Value
0
1
Meaning
Oil
relative permeability read
from
the
relative perme-
ability data
for the
two-phase water/oil
system.
Oil
relative permeability calculated
from
Stone's
three-
phase relative permeability model
Repeat records
1 to 4 a
total
of
NROCK
times.
24.6 Fluid
PVT
Tables
The
following
pressure-dependent data should
be
entered
a
total
of
NP
VT
times
- one set of
records
for
each
PVT
region
defined
in
Section 24.4.
1.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
2.
PBO, PBODAT,
PBGRAD
PBO
Initial bubble point pressure
(psia).
PBODAT
Depth
at
which
PBO
applies (ft).
PBGRAD Constant bubble point pressure gradient
(psia/ft).
3.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
Part
IV:
WINB4D
User's Manual
259
4
VSLOPE,
BSLOPE,
RSLOPE,
PMAX,
IREPRS
VSLOPE
Slope
of the oil
viscosity versus pressure curve
for
undersaturated
oil, i.e.
for
pressures above PBO.
The
slope
(A|J.
0
/A/
)
0
)
should
be in
cp/psia,
BSLOPE
Slope
of the oil
formation volume
factor
versus pressure
curve
for
undersaturated oil.
The
slope
(A5
0
/AP
0
)
should
be
in
RB/STB/psia
and
should
be
negative
or
zero.
BSLOPE
is not the
same
as the
undersaturated
oil
compressibility.
RSLOPE
Slope
of the
solution gas-oil ratio versus pressure
curve.
The
slope
(A#
W
/AP
0
)
should
be in
SCF/STB/psia
and is
nor-
mally
zero.
PMAX
Maximum pressure entry
for all PVT
tables (psia).
IREPRS
= 0;
constant bubble point pressure.
=
1;
estimate variable bubble point pressure.
5.
Heading
Up to 80
characters;
oil
table follows.
6
PI
MUO1
BO1
RSO1
PMAX
MUO(PMAX)
BO(PMAX)
RSO(PMAX)
P
Pressure
(psia).
Pressures must
be in
ascending order
from
PI
(normally
14.7
psia)
to
PMAX.
The
last table entry must
be
PMAX.
MUO
Saturated
oil
viscosity (cp).
BO
Saturated
oil
formation volume factor (RB/STB).
RSO
Saturated
oil
solution gas-oil ratio (SCF/STB).
NOTE:
Oil
properties must
be
entered
as
saturated
oil
over
the
entire pressure range.
7.
Heading
Up to 80
characters; water table
follows.
8
PI
MUW1
BW1
RSW1
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
260
Principles
of
Applied
Reservoir Simulation
PMAX MUW(PMAX) BW(PMAX) RSW(PMAX)
P
Pressure (psia). Pressures must
be in
ascending order
from
P1
(normally
14.7
psia)
to
PMAX.
The
last table entry must
be
PMAX.
MUW
Water viscosity (cp).
BW
Water
formation
volume
factor
(RB/STB).
RSW
Water solution gas-water ratio (SCF/STB).
NOTE:
It is
usually assumed
in
black
oil
simulations
that
the
solubility
of gas in
water
can be
neglected.
In
this
case,
set RSW = 0.0 for all
pressures.
9.
Heading
Up to 80
characters.
10
KGCOR
Code
KGCOR
Value
0
1
Meaning
Read
gas and
rock
properties
table
Activate
gas
correlation
option
and
pressibility
vs
pressure
table
read rock com-
11.
Heading
Up to 80
characters;
gas
table
follows.
12
PI
MUG1
BG1
PSI1
CR1
PMAX
MUG(PMAX)
BG(PMAX)
PSI(PMAX) CR(PMAX)
Omit
this record
if
KGCOR
=
1
P
Pressure
(psia).
Pressures must
be in
ascending order
from
P1
(normally
14.7
psia)
to
PMAX.
The
last table entry must
be
PMAX.
MUG
Gas
viscosity (cp).
BG
Gas
formation volume factor (RCF/SCF).
PSI
Gas
pseudo-pressure
(psiaVcp).
CR
Rock compressibility
(1
/psia).
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!
Part
IV:
WINB4D
User's
Manual
26!
13
KODEA,
MPGT, TEM,
SPG
Omit
this record
ifKGCOR
=
0.
KODEA
Gas
composition option (see Chapter 28.3).
MPGT
Number
of gas PVT
table entries
(1
<
MPGT
<
25).
TEM
Reservoir temperature (°F).
SPG
Gas
specific
gravity (air
=
1.0).
14,
FRCI
Omit
this record ifKGCOR
= 0.
FRCI
Component mole fraction
of
gas. Read
12
entries
in the
following
order.
FRCI(I)
1
2
3
4
5
6
Component
I
H
2
S
CO
2
N
2
c,
C
2
C
3
FRCI(I)
7
8
9
10
11
12
Component
I
iC
4
nC
4
iC
5
nC
5
C
6
C
7+
15.
PRSCI,
TEMCI,
RMWTI
Omit
this record ifKGCOR
=
0 or
if
KODEA
*
4.
PRSCI Critical pressure
(psia).
TEMCI Critical temperature
(°R).
RMWTI Molecular weight.
16.
Heading
Up to 80
characters; rock compressibility table follows.
Omit
this record ifKGCOR
= 0.
17.
PI
CR1
PMAX
CR(PMAX)
Omit
this record ifKGCOR
=
0.
TEAM LinG - Live, Informative, Non-cost and Genuine!