Hodder Ian, Hutson Scott. Reading the Past

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Index

prestige goods system 79

process 214–15

processual archaeology

American 11

behaviour and material culture

relationship 14

individual variability 9

systemic covering law 31

production

domestic mode 77

forces and relations 76, 77

social relations 78

Protestant ethic 131–3

punks 209

Puritan ethics 133–4

Rahtz, P. 155

Raiders of the Lost Ark 232

ranking 79

Rappaport, R. A. 25

rationality 132

reading evidence 4

reality, structured 215

refuse deposition 3

European Neolithic 59

regions of analysis 179

Renfrew, A. C. 36–9, 241

archaeological theory 245

measuring and predicting mind 38

monumental burial mounds 29

systems theory 43

theory and data relationship 17

resin-processing 237–8

resistance, 96–9

Richards, C. 59

Ricoeur, P. 195

ritual

blood-letting 25

function 216

in human ecology 25

and ideology 82

materialistic systemic explanation 25

public 210

Rosaldo, M. 230

Sahlins, M. 77, 135

Sami (Lapps) 226

Saussure, F. de 47, 48, 65

arbitrariness of sign 60

semiotic linguistics 61

Shackel, p. 97–8

Schiffer, M. B. 2, 34, 35, 73

Schiffer’s laws 14

science funding xvi

scientism xiv

Searle, J. 158

settlements

boundaries 59, 183

continuity of structure in Andes 139

patterns 51

size 128

structure analysis 49

sex and gender 109–12

Shanks, M. 197, 199, 242

Shennan, S. 40

signification, structures of 188

signs 47

abstract analysis 60

arbitrariness 62

similarities in interpretation of material

culture 173–83, 173

sites, spatial dimension 179

situational decision making 237, 238

social action, theory of 145

social change

archaeological evidence 155

causes 14–15

effects of causes 16

and technology 77

Upper Palaeolithic 78

and variability 208

social class and perception of archaeology

232

social form selection 125

social groups

behaviour commonality 91

interests 76

social order, arbitrariness 83

social organization

mortuary ceremonialism 2, 3

refuse deposition 3

social reality

and ideology 84

Marxist archaeology 84

social relations and production 79

social structure in Marxist archaeology

215

social theory in post-processual

archaeology 243

social transformation 12

society

cultural rules 5

development through unity of

opposites 75

forces of production 76

pre-capitalist 76

relationship with economy 24

structure 76

291

Index

sociobiology xii

space, attitudes to 128

spatial codes, adaptive value 46

spatial dimension 178–9

Spriggs, M. 75

Stacey, J. 231

state, rise of 229

structural linguistics 47

structuralism

formal analysis 46, 47

individual in 61

links with Marxism 94

meaning in 126

relationship with systems theory 46

in structure and process relationship

symbolic meaning 184

and theory of practice 90

validation procedure 68

verification 68–72

structuralist analysis 52–9

assignation of meaning 59

structuralist archaeology xi, 45

analysis 45, 46

importance 72–4

structuration 90, 96

structure 214–15

codes of presence and absence 214

of meaning hypotheses 46

in post-processual archaeology 215

universality 70

verification 69

style 61

adaptive advantage 24

information exchange 22, 30

pop star 62

stylistic similarity 2

subsistence economies 184

superstructure 79–80

Surveillir et punir 84

Swahili houses (Kenya) 93

symbol-systems 95

symbolic codes 46

symbolic meaning interpretation

symbolism in human ecology 25

symbols

function 216

significant 47

Symbols in Action 1, 2, 5

ethnography 8

symmetry 47, 45, 48

analysis 48–51

body 94

Chaco Canyon settlement 56

Georgian garden 82, 88

system change 32

systemic adaptive theory 21

systemness 170

systems theory xi, 219

and covering law 42

ladder of inference 43

materialist 42

relationship with structuralism 46

social and ideational study 43

trajectory 125

Tanner, N. 229

Taylor, W. 128, 145, 244–5

techniques and society

technology and social change 78

temporal dimension 177–8

quantitative techniques for

measurement 177

text 204–5

variability of interpretation 210

theory 16–19

and data 17, 18, 19

present social and cultural context 18

testing 238, 239

Thiessen polygons 51

Thomas, J. 59, 113, 116

Thorpe, I. 59

Thule culture (arctic Canada) 58

Tilley, C. xv, 18, 52, 53, 113, 116, 119,

197, 199

time, division into periods 31–2

tombs as houses 95, 152

transformation 74

Trehernc, P. 108

Trigger, B. xv, 18, 75, 131

native Americans 226, 227

Trubitt, M. 22, 23

typological dimension 180–2

typology, variability in 208

United States of America 226

universal relationships 241

universality 148

of events 148

Upper Palaeolithic

revolution 77, 80

social change 78

variability

in individual perception 208–9

interpretation of texts 210

in post-processual archaeology 208

292

Index

variation

Aboriginal groups 237

relevant dimensions 183–7

Von Daniken, Erich 231, 232

Walker, W. 35–6

Washburn, D. 47, 49, 50, 51, 52

Watson, P. J. xvi

Weber, M. 96

capitalism and Protestantism 131–5

Western archaeology 232

Willey, G. 233

Williamson, T. 231

Winnicott, D. W. 115

Wobst, M. 22, 24, 25, 28

material culture 80

style and information exchange 30–1

women

positive role 229

role in origin of man 229

in society 228

symbolism in Palaeolithic art 81