t6imid
=
t6 + imid
ue
go
t6ann sibh
=
t6
+
ann sibh
yoz go
t6ann siad
=
tC + allra siad, they
go
You now meet an
ending
-imid,
rneaning
ze, which is the
traditional
literary
form and is still used in speech in Munster.
When these endings are added
to a verb which ends with a
consonant
some spelling adjustments are required. If the consonant
is preceded
by a/o/u, an a is
placed
before
irn
and
itnid. If,
however, the consonant is
preceded
by
i,
an e is
placed
in front
of ann. This follows from the
spelling rule of'slender uith slender
and broad with broad'
(see
lntoduction),
and can be seen in the
present
tense forms
of
figann
(leaues)
and caireann
(puts,
sendsl.
The vowels
added have been caoitalized here:
figAim
figann tri
f6gann s6
figann si
f6gAimid
f6gann
sibh
f6gann siad
I leaue
you
leaue
he leaues
sbe leaues
ute leaue
you
leaue
they leaue
culrlm
cuirEann
ni
cuirEann s6
cuirEann si
cuirimid
cuirEann sibh
cuirEann
siad
I
put
yolt
put
he
puts
sbe
puts
u.)e
put
you put
tbey
put
The contrast found in English
between I urite
(novels)
and I azz
uriting
lthis
very
minute) also occurs in Irish. You have met
the
second type already, in Unit
4.
scriobhaim I
urite
t6im I go
f6gaim
I leaue
td m6 ag scriobh I am writing
t6 m6 ag dul I am going
t6 mE
ag figiil I am leauing
3
THE TWO
YERE CI.AssES
Irish verbs
fall
into
two different classes
according to whether they
have an i before the ending in
the
present
tense. This i becomes
ai
to4
after
a broad consonant,
as may be seen
by comparing
the forms
of
imionn
lgoes
awayl
and ceannaionn
(bnys),
given
below. Notice
also:
i+im
i
+
imid
i+onn
becomes
im
imid
ionn
Type r
fanann
(stdls)
fanAim
fanann
tf
fanann
s6
fanann
si
fanAimid
fanann
sibh
fanann
siad
imim
imionn td
imionn
s6
imionn
si
imimid
imionn sibh
imionn siad
ceannAim
ceannAionn
nl
ceannAionn
s6
ceannAionn
si
ceannAimid
ceanAionn
sibh
ceannAionn
siad
Type z
(i
verbs)
rmionn
(goes
away)
ceannaionn
(6nys)
I
you
he
sbe
we
you
they
All verbs
follow
either the Type
r or Type z panern:
Type 1
d6ononn mokesl
fononn stoys
itheqnn
eots
does
cuireonn
puts
tugonn
gives
ligeonn
/ets
foigheonn gets
fdgonn /eaves
l6qnn
reods
togonn
comes
creideonn be/ieves
t6onn
goes
tulgeonn
understands
Type
2 Cirionn
gets
up
oibr'tonn work
imionn
goes
awoy
bqilionn
collects
criochnoionn
finishes
tosoionn
starts
Unlt
7
C6n t om 6?
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